This thesis analyzes discourses of identity construction in the production and consumption of translated fiction in the contemporary British book culture. Drawing from ethnographic methods, it investigates what middle class, engaged readers make out of the translated novels they read, particularly in the ways that these books have been produced and marketed to them. The study concludes that translated fiction illustrates the multilayered meaning structures regarding taste and identity in reading communities and in the publishing industry in contemporary Britain. The theoretical framework of the thesis is based on sociological and anthropological studies on identity, intercultural communication and the consumption of art, alongside theories of reading and literary exchange from literary studies and translation studies. Data for the analysis on reading has been collected through participant observation/focus groups at over 30 book group meetings. Research methods also include interviews with individual readers and publishing industry professionals. Analysis of reading communities concentrates on responses to translated novels as texts that have undergone linguistic transference and as stories that portray other cultures. These responses are contextualized with the value orientations that arise from current trends of cultural consumption in the UK, such as monolingualism, cosmopolitanism and omnivorousness. The thesis also includes a case study on Turkish literature, exploring recent trends in literary production and the cultural role of literary translators. The study reveals the complex inflections of taste and identity in the practices of the agents of print culture. The textual-linguistic dimensions of translated texts are often the subject of negative evaluations when readers do not recognize the agency of the literary translator as an artist. Moreover, the opportunity of cultural encounter enabled by the reading experience activates varying discourses of intercultural communication, depending on readers’ cultural capital, their level of commitment to cosmopolitanism and the orientation of the book group’s discussion. In the production and consumption of translated fiction, the tension that arises between the pleasure and distinction dimensions of literary products translates into dilemmas between exoticism and cosmopolitan egalitarianism.

[pt] Esta dissertação tem como objetivo entender como os professores analisam o conteúdo dos produtos audiovisuais que assistem pela televisão e como isto pode interferir na sala de aula. A televisão é um meio de comunicação popular que se constituiu ao longo dos anos como um importante instrumento de homogeneização de hábitos, comportamentos e valores das sociedades contemporâneas. Saber o que os professores vêem na TV, do que gostam, do que não gostam e analisar como eles avaliam a qualidade e a relevância da programação televisiva são alguns dos principais questionamentos desse estudo. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, foi realizada com professores da rede pública do Rio de Janeiro que participaram de cursos de capacitação em mídia-educação. A partir de entrevistas individuais e das respostas do questionário formulado para a pesquisa Juventude e mídia: contextos escolares e sociais, desenvolvida pelo GRUPEM - Grupo de Pesquisa em Educação e Mídia e pelo LAEd - Laboratório de Avaliação da Educação, analisamos o consumo cultural dos professores e suas práticas cotidianas, principalmente os modos de uso da televisão. Os resultados foram analisados a partir da teoria de Jesús Martin-Barbero, Guillermo Orozco Gómez e dos estudos de recepção latino-americanos, nos quais o consumidor de mídia é ativo e interage na relação com meios de comunicação. Relação que é mediada por vários tipos diferentes de mediações culturais. Esta pesquisa identificou que os professores interagem com poucas fontes de mediação cultural no cotidiano deles e isto pode interferir negativamente na relação com os conteúdos da televisão. / [en] This dissertation aims to understand how teachers analyze the content of audiovisual products that they watch in television and how it can interfere in the classroom. The television is a popular media that constituted throughout the years as an important instrument of homogenization of habits, behaviors and values of contemporary societies. Knowing what teachers see on TV, what they like, dislike and look at how they evaluate the quality and relevance of television programming are some of the main questions of this study. The research had a qualitative character and has been carried out with public school teachers in Rio de Janeiro, who participated in training courses on media-education. from interviews and questionnaire responses made to the research, Media and youth: educational and social contexts, developed by the GRUPEM - Research Group in Education and Media and the LAEd - Laboratory Evaluation of Education, we analyzed the cultural consumption of the teachers and everyday practices, especially the ways of use television. The results were analyzed based on the theory of Jesus Martin- Barbero, Guillermo Orozco Gómez and reception studies of Latin America, which understand the media consumer is active and interacts in the relation with Medias. That relationship is mediated by several different types of cultural mediation. This research found that teachers interact with few sources of cultural mediation in their everyday lives and this may negative affect the relationship with TV.

The thesis makes a contribution to the debate on the relationship between cultural consumption, cultural taste preferences and class. This field is well researched, but there is no consensus on the relationship between these variables. That cultural consumption is patterned by social status in society is one of the most fundamental insights of cultural sociology. Pierre Bourdieu’s Distinction: A social criticism of the taste assessment (1984) is a central work in the field. Over time, however, Bourdieu's vision has come to be questioned by various empirical findings. The questioning comes, among other findings, from Peterson's (2005) coinage of the cultural omnivore. Defining the cultural omnivore is an increased range of cultural preferences and a will to mix hierarchical cultural preference boundaries. The purpose of the thesis was to fill some of the gaps described by earlier research and seek out how the relations take shape in a Swedish student context. The questions the essay sought to answer were; how does the relationship looks between cultural consumption and class among Swedish students; how does the cultural omnivore reason about his or her wide taste preference; is distinctions among cultural omnivores present and how does it look? Through Exploratory sequential mixed-method, 10 interviews were conducted to later develop a survey that sought to generate some of the results that emerged in the interviews. The result shows that distinction seems to prevail in how cultural products are consumed rather than what is consumed. No clear links between cultural capital and consumption patterns were demonstrated in the results of the survey. The interviews however showed a strong link between cultural capital and how something is consumed, understood and appreciated. / Denna uppsats gör ett inlägg i debatten om relationen mellan kulturell konsumtion, kulturella smakpreferenser och klass. Det aktuella fältet är väl beforskat, men det råder ingen konsensus kring relationen mellan dessa variabler. Att kulturell konsumtion är mönstrat av social ställning i samhället är en av de mest grundläggande insikterna i kultursociologi. Pierre Bourdieus Distinction: a social critique of the judgement of taste (1984) är ett centralt verk inom fältet. Med tiden har dock Bourdieus bild kommit att ifrågasättas av olika empiriska fynd. Ifrågasättandet kommer från bland annat Petersons (2005) myntande av den kulturella allätaren (the cultural omnivore). Vad som definierar den kulturella allätaren är en ökad bredd av kulturella preferenser och en vilja att blanda hierarkiska kulturella genregränser. Syftet var att fylla några av de luckor som beskrivits av annan forskning och söka hur det ser ut i en svensk studentkontext. Frågeställningarna uppsatsen sökte besvara var; hur ser relationen ut mellan kulturell konsumtion och klass bland svenska studenter; hur resonerar den kulturella allätaren kring sin breda smakpreferens; är särskiljning (distinction) bland kulturella allätare närvarande och hur ser den i så fall ut? Genom Exploratory sequential mixed-method genomfördes 10 intervjuer för att sedan utveckla en enkät som sökte generalisera några av de resultat som framkommit i intervjuerna. Resultatet pekar på att särskiljning främst tycks råda i hur man konsumerar kulturella produkter snarare än vad man konsumerar. Inga tydliga kopplingar mellan kulturellt kapital och konsumtionsmönster påvisades i enkäten. Intervjuerna påvisade dock en stark koppling mellan kulturellt kapital och hur något konsumeras, förstås och tas in.

Post-industrial economic restructuring in developed countries has downgraded the role of blue-collar labour in regional growth, giving way, conversely, to occupations that demand high concentrations of human capital. Human capital has been documented to positively affect regional growth and income, signifying an urban planning shift towards amenities provision, as a human capital attraction tool. An emerging, highly-valued amenity in the post-industrial society is nightlife. Following Florida’s reasoning on the rising salience of the creative class, this paper investigates the hypothesis that nightlife attracts high human capital or skilled individuals. It focuses on the paradigm of Greece, using data acquired by the Greek statistics agency and, to a lesser extent, the Greek yellow pages. It employs two measures, the human capital one –calculated as the percentage of the population holding a bachelor degree and above- and an approximation of Florida’s creative class measure –occupational categorization according to job complexity. Bivariate correlations are applied to account for human capital attracting factors and structural equation modelling to assess nightlife’s impact on the two measures and respectively, on regional growth.

This research is about the behavior of cultural consumption on little theaters in Taiwan. Both the provider and the consumer are discussed in this thesis and their behaviors are checked with cultural theories. The result pointed out that, to discriminate certain people in a certain group or a certain social class is a major part of the motivation and behavior of the cultural consumption on little theaters. The research methods of this thesis are semi-structured interview, focus group and literature review, to study the behavior of cultural consumption on little theaters in Taiwan. Little theaters are theaters that are relatively small, might have some amateur affiliates. They have an avant-garde image, distinctive point of view on the theater aesthetic and are a part of high art. The providers of little theater are not only providing a product. These workers of little theater also put themselves in a certain group or class when they are making the decision of being a part of the little theater circle. The audiences (consumers) they attracted are the people who have the similar qualities of themselves. They are not approaching a mass audience. The providers expect their audiences have a certain ability to understand and interpret their works. This shows distinction. The consumers of little theater believe that it¡¦s their taste and a basic need to consume art. And is also a way to approach and understand the society. Even with the similar education background and social class, these people who choose to consume little theater (while some other doesn¡¦t) said that it¡¦s because they love art. They want to participate in a certain issue. Most important of all, it¡¦s a way to express themselves, an expression of who they are and what class in the society. Not only to consume or not separate these consumers from the others, during the process of consumption, the way they interpret the work also discriminate them from the others.

The rising importance of culture in social cohesion and economic development necessitates the analysis of cultural consumption from an economic point of view.This is important to understand household profiles which provide a certain typology on the socio-economic and demographic patterns of cultural consumption. In this thesis, we identify the households that spend on recreation and culture, the amount they spend and the potential factors that impact households&rsquo / recreation and culture expenditures in Turkey using the 2003 Household Budget Survey of the Turkish Statistical Institute. The results of a multivariate Tobit analyses suggest that total household expenditures, household size and its composition, age of household head and higher education level and place of residence are significant determinants of a household&rsquo / s expenditures on recreation and culture in Turkey. Our results also indicate recreation and culture to be luxury goods with an estimated income elasticity of 1.55. The multivariate analyses also showed very different expenditure patterns among household residing in different regions of the country. While this result may indicate different tastes and preferences of households residing in different regions it may also be that the supply of cultural goods differ between regions. The impacts of education level together with the socioeconomic factors on household recreation and culture expenditures provide useful insights not only for the suppliers of recreational and cultural goods and services, but also for the policymakers who can influence household consumption behavior (that includes both participation and spending) through using both demand and supply-side instruments.

This essay tries to understand how the Rio Grande do Sul identity is built concerning two kinds of regional music: rural music and tchê music .In the means of communication these styles are presented as rivals. They oppose the countryside to the city and the tradition to the modernity. This research is based in a case study with theory and methodological beginning in Latin American culture studies through the perspective of the cultural use offered by García Canclini . For the performance of this research were used as mediation of the familiar daily and cultural competence suggested by Martín Barbero. It was verified during the process of the culture establishment in Rio Grande do Sul by the public dominion by the Gaucho traditionalist movement and by the means of communication pass the use of different kinds. It can be important to the identity definition of these consumers. In this way it is possible to analyze the use of these musical kinds in daily routine. It was observed the contradictory and complemented tendencies: The use while distinction and communication (García Canclini, 1996). In this way it is available that social groups face each other and be competitors but in other way the contradiction between the cult and popular, modern and traditional is used to join and communicate different experiences. Concluding, it is understood that in the articulation between social position and cultural use is possible to analyze and understand the constitution of the identities in contemporary. / O trabalho procura compreender como se constitui a identidade no Rio Grande do Sul a partir do consumo de dois movimentos de música regional: a música campeira e a tchê music. Nos meios de comunicação, estes gêneros apresentam-se como concorrentes, opondo o campo à cidade e a tradição à modernidade. A pesquisa configura-se como um estudo de caso, tendo como princípio teórico e metodológico os estudos culturais latino-americanos através da perspectiva do consumo cultural, proposta por García Canclini. Para a execução da pesquisa foram utilizadas as linhas de mediação cotidianidade familiar e competência cultural, sugeridas por Martín Barbero. Verificou-se durante o processo que a institucionalização da cultura no Rio Grande do Sul pelo Poder Público, pelo Movimento Tradicionalista Gaúcho e pelos meios de comunicação perpassa o consumo de gêneros distintos, sendo determinante na definição de identidade destes consumidores. Neste sentido, ao se analisar o consumo dos gêneros musicais na vida cotidiana, o que se observa são tendências contraditórias e complementares: o consumo enquanto distinção e enquanto comunicação (García Canclini, 1996). Por um lado, ele permite que grupos sociais se confrontem e se mantenham como opositores; por outro, as hibridações entre o culto e o popular entre o moderno e o tradicional servem para unir e comunicar experiências diferenciadas e desiguais. Por fim, entendemos que é na articulação entre posição social e consumo cultural que se pode analisar e compreender a constituição das identidades na contemporaneidade.

Cette recherche doctorale se propose de discuter des modalités de construction et d’observation des modes de consommation culturelle pluriels à partir du cas de la bande dessinée. La revue de littérature de cette thèse met en évidence l’importance de rendre compte à la fois de la dimension multi-située(synchronique) et temporelle (diachronique) des pratiques culturelles observées. La perspective dispositionnaliste et contextualiste développée par Bernard Lahire (2005, 2013) semble répondre à cette exigence. En effet, les pratiques culturelles observées n’y sont jamais déconnectées des cadres qui participent à leur construction ni de ceux qui permettent leur observation en contextes. Pour rendre compte de cette double dimension des pratiques culturelles, ce travail s’appuie sur la réalisation de six portraits sociologiques (Lahire, 2005). Ces derniers permettent non seulement d’identifier la variété des cadres à l’origine de la construction des modes de consommation observés, mais également de rendre compte de la variété de leurs effets à l’échelle individuelle : les dispositions / This doctoral research aims to discuss the construction and observation of plural cultural consumption patterns based on the case of comics. The literature review seems to highlight the importance of reporting both the present (synchronic) and temporal (diachronic) dimensions of the cultural practices observed. Lahire's (2005, 2013) dispositionalist and contextualist perspective seems to be a response to this requirement. Indeed, the cultural practices observed are never disconnected from the frameworks that participate in their construction or from those that allow them to be observed in contexts. To reflect this dual dimension of cultural practices, this work is based on the production of six sociological portraits (Lahire, 2005). They allow not only to identify the variety of frameworks behind the construction of observed consumption patterns, but also to describe the variety of their effects at the individual level: the dispositions

Sander Roberto Maurano Filho Producing and Consuming the Nation: Ethnography of a Czech National Memorial Abstract Following a research agenda stimulated by Billig (1995), Palmer (1998) and Fox (2008) towards the study of aspects of everyday life through which nations are reproduced, this work approaches the National Memorial on Vítkov Hill, part of the Czech National Museum in Prague. In order to investigate to what extend national cultural productions constrain people's practices and understandings, this research offers an ethnographic study of the production and consumption of the monument, considering practices of consumption and occupation that reproduce, subvert or negotiate its national content and colossal planning. The National Memorial on Vítkov Hill combines memorial, museum, statue and park, which had their meanings re-negotiated by different political regimes during the 20th century. Re-opened in 2009 aiming to 'make sense' of national history, identity and memory in the context of a new, democratic and European Czech Republic, the monument combines official ceremonies, such as military parades and presidential rituals, with permanent and temporary exhibitions with national functions. Although planned to celebrate the nation, exhibitions are consumed by visitors that distort the national...

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between white consumption of politically conscious rap music and the political beliefs of white rap music consumers. The guiding research questions included an exploration of why whites with little prior concern about racism consume rap music with politically conscious antiracist messages; if whites who consume this music believe the messages spoken are an accurate depiction of reality; and if a relationship exists between consumption of politically conscious rap music and an individual's political beliefs. Through interviews of white fans at politically conscious rap shows it was found that many individuals do not understand the music they are consuming is political in intent. Individuals highlighted themes that they could identify with, namely the need for unity and love, while ignoring others, such as the need to fight against injustice and racism. While independently individuals may have liberal political beliefs and consume politically conscious rap music, there appears to be no indication that consumption of rap music alters political beliefs. / Master of Science