This master thesis aims to compare consumer behavior of generation Y (people born in the period 1982-2002) in the Czech Republic and Hong Kong, based on questionnaire data. Special attention is paid to corporate social responsibility and protection of the environment, which begin to play an important role in consumer behavior. The differences between nations are examined through the questionnaire survey, which was filled out by 155 respondents. For a deeper understanding and identification of individual motifs, consumers were conducted semi-structured interviews that focused on environmental problems and corporate social responsibility. Hong Kong and the Czech Republic have different level of individualism and uncertainty avoidance, except these two cultural dissimilarities, there were no significant differences between these two nations. Environmental protection plays a larger role in the consumer behavior of Generation Y than corporate social responsibility for both nations. Corporate social responsibility is more important for young women than for young men.

The aim of this thesis is to identify and more closely analyse Italian cultural standards, specifically from the perspective of Czechs and Slovaks, who came to a closer and more extended contact with the Italian culture. Identification of these standards was based on in-depth personal interviews and the theoretical part of this thesis. This part is focused on terms such as culture, intercultural communication, culture shock, cultural dimensions and standards. The practical part of this work is dedicated to the research itself and its evaluation as well as Italy per se, its history, culture, economy or demography. This work can also serve anyone in closer personal of professional contact with this culture.

Thesis is focused on online content testing for the purpose of optimizing the performance of business and information channels in a global environment, i.e. where visitors come from different countries. This diversity causes different behavior of visitors, for example as the American perception of the content is entirely different from the Brazilian and French. Different perceptions and consumer behavior is caused by a different national culture in these countries. Therefore it is necessary or appropriate to test content for the purpose of optimizing on the local level. The simplest option is obviously to run the same test for each country separately. But that is extremely difficult in practice because of the duration of the test and human resources needed for test design, implementation, and evaluation. Therefore the aim of this thesis is to suggest modification of the general method used for testing the online content that will be sufficient for testing on the local level and will take cultural differences of each country into account, but yet also will be effective in terms of time and human resources consumption. Currently there isn't any publicly documented method which would cover this issue. The key of this modification is the segmentation of countries into groups based on similar national culture. Therefore the value of national culture has to be identified in some way and for this purpose it is possible to use model of the Dutch Professor Geert Hofstede, who identified six dimensions of national culture for each country and assigned them values. The benefit of this thesis is described modification of the testing method which is particularly suitable for companies operating on the global market or multiple markets simultaneously. This method, if it's used properly, is able to deliver growth of revenue while simultaneously reducing the consumption of human resources.

This diploma thesis deals with the role of cultural values in the international cooperation. Theoretical part focuses on the definition of culture, its elements, problems of multicultural teams and cultural dimensions. Practical part concentrates on the ERA, international non-profit organisation. It contains the presentation of the organisation, including its development, economic meaning, situational analysis and marketing mix. An integral part of this thesis is the research. Its objective is to obtain information about respondents' views on the organization itself, its ideas and values, and possible international and cultural barriers.

The Diploma Thesis focuses on analysis of major ASEAN countries in order to identify the market potential for Czech exporters. The author firstly introduces the Czech national export support scheme and ASEAN association as a whole. Afterwards he uses PEST and SWOT methods to analyze main countries and cultural dimensions according to G.Hofstede to describe possible behaviour of potential business partners. Moreover, the author takes a closer look at Vietnam, as the only ASEAN country in the priority list of Czech export strategy 2020. The last chapter of the Thesis compares major ASEAN countries based on a model created by the author and recommends main solutions to increase Czech export to the region.

Master´s thesis is focused on managerial competence issue in travel agency INVIA.CZ, Ltd. This company has recently expanded into new markets in Poland, Hungary and Romania. All these subsidiaries are managed from the Czech parent entity. Aim is to identify how the managers´ competence is influenced by this expansion and to propose an improvement of their managing style.

Kulturen i en organisation påverkar hur medarbetarna tänker och agerar och är därför viktig att studera. Varje organisation består av gemensamma normer, värderingar och verklighetsuppfattningar som utvecklas när medlemmar samverkar med varandra. Syftet med studien är att jämföra två kulturanalyser som gjorts tidigare på två skolor i Sverige och jämföra dem för att hitta likheter och olikheter, samt förbättringsmöjligheter. Studien syftar till att besvara frågorna: Vad kännetecknar organisationens kultur? Hur påverkas organisationskulturen av mångfald? Hur påverkas organisationskulturen av ledarskapet? Som metod för studien användes Bergs brevmetod, där medarbetare i de studerade organisationerna fick skriva brev i vilka de beskrev hur de upplevde sin arbetssituation sedan jämfördes deras resultat. / The culture of an organization affects how employees think and act and are therefore it is important to study. Each organization consists of common norms, values and perceptions of reality that develop when members interact with each other. The purpose of this study is to compare two cultural analyzes that were previously done at two schools in Sweden and compare them to find similarities and differences, as well as possibilities for improvement. The aim of this study is to answer the following questions: What characterizes the organization’s culture? How is the organizational culture affected by diversity? How is the organizational culture affected by leadership? As a method for the study, Berg's letter method was used, where employees in the studied organizations write letters in which they describe how they perceive their work situation then their results were compared.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur svenska ledare bemöter kulturella skillnader i Kina samt på vilket sätt de anpassar sig till en kinesisk arbetsplats. Vidare syftar studien till att identifiera eventuella utmaningar som kan uppkomma för svenska ledare på en kinesisk arbetsplats.    Metod: Forskningen tillämpar en kvalitativ metod som utgår ifrån en deduktiv forskingsanstas. Studien använder sig av en komparativ forskningsdesign och implementerar semistrukturerade intervjuer för att utforska kulturella skillnader som svenska ledare upplever i Kina.   Empiri och analys: I det empiriska avsnittet sammanförs en sammanfattning av de insamlade intervjusvaren som är indelade i tre huvudteman (kultur, ledarskap och kommunikation). Senare analyseras det empiriska materialet utifrån den teoretiska referensramen.   Slutsatser: Slutsatserna som kan dras utifrån analysen av det empiriska materialet är att svenska ledare upplever olika typer av problem i form av ledarskap, kommunikation och kulturella koder. För att kunna handskas med dessa kulturella skillnader anpassar sig svenska ledare till den kinesiska företagskulturen. Dessutom anpassar svenska ledare en del av sitt egna ledarskap på arbetsplatsen, i samband med att kinesiska medarbetare anpassar sig till det svenska ledarskapet. Det uppstår alltså en ömsesidig anpassning. / Purpose: The purpose of this study is to highlight how Swedish leaders encounter cultural differences in China and how they adapt to the Chinese workplace. Moreover, the study aims to identify any challenges that may arise for a Swedish leader in a Chinese workplace.   Method: The research implements a qualitative method, based on a deductive research approach. The study uses a comparative research design and implements semi-structured interviews in order to study the cultural differences experienced by a Swedish leader in China.   Empirical findings and Analysis: The empirical part presents a summary of the collected interview data separated into three main themes (culture, leadership and communication). Thereafter, the empirical material is analyzed using the theoretical reference frame.   Conclusions: The conclusions that can be drawn from the analysis of the empirical material is that Swedish leaders experience different forms of complications regarding leadership, communication and cultural indications. To be able to deal with these cultural differences, Swedish leaders adapt to the Chinese corporate culture. In addition, Swedish leaders adopt a part of their own leadership in the workplace, in order for Chinese employees to adapt to the Swedish leadership. Therefore, a mutual adjustment from both sides appears.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to contribute with a cross-country approach to the research about consumers’ online privacy concerns by investigating Greek and Swedish consumers’ privacy attitudes and behaviours in the digital marketplace. Theoretical framework: The study’s theoretical framework is based on the Power-Responsibility Equilibrium Theory (PRE) perspective and three of Hoftsede’s cultural dimensions; uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and individualism. Methodology: The study has a deductive approach with a quantitative research method. The data was collected by a questionnaire in each country which resulted in 232 answers in total. The answers were then analyzed in Microsoft Excel 16.41, SPSS 26.0, and SmartPLS 3.3.3. Findings: Findings indicate that the impact of power-holders on consumer privacy concerns, privacy empowerment and trust is more prominent for Swedish than for Greek consumers. Moreover, the impacts of privacy concerns, privacy empowerment and trust on consumers’ power-balancing strategies are more substantial for Greek than for Swedish consumers. Implications: The study contributes to the marketing field and academics studying consumers’ behaviour as it adds a cross-cultural approach to the investigation of consumers’attitudes on e-commerce from a PRE theory perspective. Additionally, they can have practical implications for marketers and policymakers in the e-commerce sector as they can gain some insight into how essential corporate privacy responsibility and regulations are to gain the trust of consumers and decrease their privacy concerns. Limitations: Since the study covers Greek and Swedish consumers, it is limited to countries with similar characteristics. Moreover, the majority of the respondents were under 35 years old and their opinions contradicted, not allowing most of the effects to be statistically significant enough to be considered. Originality/Value: Consumer privacy attitudes and behaviours on e-commerce have not been studied from both a power-responsibility equilibrium and a cultural dimensions perspective. This study adds a cross-country approach by studying Greek and Swedish consumers, while at the same time combining two theoretical perspectives.

No description available.