nÃo hà / Considerando que a indÃstria brasileira perdeu de forma precoce participaÃÃo no agregado nacional nos Ãltimos anos, este estudo procurou identificar as principais causas desse processo de desindustrializaÃÃo ocorrido no Brasil. Hà duas fontes para tal processo: a primeira tem como base a chamada doenÃa holandesa, que sugere que a apreciaÃÃo da taxa de cÃmbio real, em funÃÃo do aumento das exportaÃÃes das commodities, seria capaz de gerar um efeito negativo sobre a indÃstria como um todo; e a segunda calcada na ideia do custo Brasil, que sugere que o efeito negativo sobre a indÃstria seria ocasionado pelo forte peso de variÃveis como impostos e salÃrios. Nossa proposta à a de investigar o efeito destas variÃveis no processo de desindustrializaÃÃo pÃs-real com base na metodologia de Vetores Autorregressivos â VAR. Nossos resultados sustentam que o custo Brasil à muito mais forte do que a hipÃtese da doenÃa holandesa para explicar o declÃnio da participaÃÃo da indÃstria no PIB. / Considering that the Brazilian industry lost precociously participation in national aggregate in recent years, this study sought to identify the main causes of this deindustrialization occurred in Brazil. There are two sources for such a process: the first is based on the so-called Dutch disease, which suggests that the appreciation of the real exchange rate, due to increased exports of commodities, could have a negative effect on the industry as a whole; and the second grounded in the idea of cost Brazil, which suggests that the negative effect on the industry would be caused by the strong weight of variables such as taxes and wages. Our proposal is to investigate the effect of these variables on the real post deindustrialization process based on the methodology of Vector Autoregressive - VAR. Our results argue that the cost Brazil is much stronger than the Dutch disease hypothesis to explain the decline in the share of industry in GDP.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-27T15:26:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 julianacarreirodeoliveira.pdf: 1683613 bytes, checksum: 738c24d334fcfdc56d5e99db22663b99 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-05-02T01:03:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 julianacarreirodeoliveira.pdf: 1683613 bytes, checksum: 738c24d334fcfdc56d5e99db22663b99 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-02T01:03:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 julianacarreirodeoliveira.pdf: 1683613 bytes, checksum: 738c24d334fcfdc56d5e99db22663b99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-25 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Um tema discutido desde a década de 1960, e que ganhou maior folego a partir de 1990, refere-se a hipótese de desindustrialização pela qual grande parte das economias estaria passando. A chamada desindustrialização ou pós-industrialização iniciou-se nos anos 1970 nos países desenvolvidos e nos anos 1980 e 1990 nos países em desenvolvimento. A literatura comumente caracteriza a desindustrialização pela perda de participação contínua do emprego no setor industrial, assim como, pela perda de participação do emprego e do produto industrial em relação ao produto total. Este processo é considerado natural à medida que o desenvolvimento atravessa distintas fases, chegando a um nível onde a importância relativa da indústria declina em detrimento do ganho de importância do setor de serviços. Nos países em desenvolvimento, este processo é considerado prematuro por diversos autores, dado que a desindustrialização está ocorrendo em um nível de renda muito baixo, e nesse caso, a indústria ainda é fundamental para o dinamismo da economia. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho busca avaliar o setor industrial sob uma ótica distinta da que tem sido utilizada quando se trata de industrialização/desindustrialização. O objetivo é analisar o caráter sistêmico do setor industrial a partir do método de insumo-produto por meio de indicadores de intensidade direta e intensidade direta mais indireta da indústria. Esses indicadores mostram a intensidade do setor industrial na produção de diferentes setores da economia verificando de que forma o setor industrial é usado como insumo intermediário por outros setores produtivos, assim como, pela demanda final. Os setores são agrupados segundo intensidade tecnológica (menor e maior intensidade tecnológica) com o objetivo de verificar as mudanças de padrões tecnológicos que vem ocorrendo ao longo dos anos. Utilizam-se as matrizes da WIOD (World Input-Output Database) no período de 1995 a 2009 para o conjunto de países que compõem os BRIC (Brasil, Rússia, Índia e China). Nesse período, essas economias apresentaram altas taxas de crescimento, passando a serem vistas como uma importante força na economia global. O período também foi marcado por reformas liberalizantes que as tornaram mais abertas em relação ao comercio internacional. Apesar das características semelhantes, o grupo é heterogêneo, sendo a China líder em termos de crescimento e um país que mantém uma industrialização crescente, ao contrário do que se observa com o restante dos países que perdem participação da indústria no produto. Percebeu-se pelos resultados que a China e Rússia possuem um setor industrial mais integrado ao restante da economia que Brasil e Índia, que possuem queda da intensidade da indústria em diversos setores corroborando com a hipótese de desindustrialização. / A topic discussed since the 1960s, and gained more prominence from 1990 refers to the possibility of deindustrialization in which much of the economies would be passing. The so-called deindustrialization or post-industrialization began in the 1970s in developed countries and in the years 1980 and 1990 in developing countries. The literature commonly characterize the deindustrialization by loss of continuous employment participation in the industrial sector, as well as the loss of participation in employment and industrial production in relation to total output. This process is considered natural as the development goes through distinct phases, reaching a level where the industry relative importance declines over the gain importance of the service sector. In developing countries, this process is considered premature by several authors, since the deindustrialization is taking place at a very low level of income, in which case, the industry is still fundamental to the dynamism of the economy. Thus, this study sought to determine the industrial sector in a different perspective of that has been used when it comes to industrialization / deindustrialisation. The objective is to analyze the systemic character of the industrial sector from the input-output method using indicators of direct intensity and more indirect direct intensive industry. These indicators show the strength of the industrial sector in the production of different sectors of the economy by checking how the industry is used as intermediate input for other productive sectors, as well as by the final demand. The sectors are grouped according to technological intensity (lower and higher technology) in order to verify the changes of technology standards that have occurred over the years. We used the input-output matrices constructed by WIOD (Input-Output World Database) from 1995 to 2009 for the group of countries that make up the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China). During this period, these economies showed high growth rates, starting to be seen as a major force in the global economy. The period was also marked by liberalizing reforms that become more open about international trade. Despite similar characteristics, the group is heterogeneous, with China leading in terms of growth and a country that maintains a growing industrialization, contrary to what is observed with the rest of the countries that lose industry participation in the product. It was noticed by the results that China and Russia have a more integrated industrial sector to the rest of the economy that Brazil and India, which have fall industry intensity in various sectors thus supporting the hypothesis of deindustrialization.

Syftet med denna undersökning är att se hur tidigare bruksorter arbetar för en fortsatt utveckling efter en tid av avindustrialisering. För att undersöka detta gjordes en fallstudie med Åtvidaberg kommun som studieobjekt. Tanken var att finna vilka utmaningar och möjligheter som en sådan ort har i att få en fortsatt utveckling samt vilka metoder som kan användas. Det teoretiska ramverket för studien består av fyra begrepp: platsmarknadsföring, platsidentitet, platsvarumärke och platsbild. Dessa begrepp används för att förstå de metoder som användes i utvecklingen. Studien genomfördes huvudsakligen genom 6 intervjuer samt analys av kommunala plandokument. Det huvudsakliga resultatet från studien är att Åtvidaberg kommun förlitar sig mycket på den större grannkommunen för bland annat arbetstillfällen medan deras egna fokus läggs på att utveckla bostadsmöjligheter. Åtvidaberg kommun spelar an på deras goda läge genom att försöka skapa en platsbild som god pendlingsort. Vidare använder Åtvidaberg kommun sitt industriella kulturarv för att behålla sin egen platsidentitet genom att lyfta upp det i olika sammanhang däribland skolan och kulturverksamhet. / The purpose of this study is to see how former company towns work for continued development after a period of deindustrialization. To study this, a case study was conducted with Åtvidaberg municipality as the study object. The idea was to find what challenges and opportunities such a place has in achieving continued development and what methods can be used. The theoretical framework for the study consists of four concepts: place marketing, place identity, place brand and place image. These concepts are used to understand the methods used in development. The study was mainly carried out through 6 interviews and analysis of municipal planning documents. The main result from the study is that Åtvidaberg municipality relies heavily on the larger neighbouring municipality for, among other things, job opportunities, while their own focus is on developing housing opportunities. Åtvidaberg municipality plays on their good location by trying to create an image of the place as a good commuting location. Furthermore, Åtvidaberg municipality uses its industrial cultural heritage to maintain its own place identity by highlighting it in various contexts including the school and cultural activities.

Le premier chapitre soutient que dans ces économies om la qualité institutionnelle des lois sur les garanties et les faillites est faible, la collatéralisation excessive rend la prise de risque sous-optimalement plus couteuse pour les emprunteurs. Cela décourage le potentiel entrepreneurial et entrave ainsi la croissance potentielle de jeunes entreprises ayant un impact important sur la création d’emplois dans l’économie.Le deuxième chapitre met l’accent sur le canal de «déconnexion». La région du MENA est caractérisée par une proportion inhabituellement élevée d’entreprises qui n’ont pas besoin de financement. Ces entreprises sont moins susceptible de considérer l’accès au crédit comme une préoccupation majeure, sont moins susceptibles d’avoir acquis des immobilisations, et sont moins susceptibles de prévoir une opération de développement.Ces résultats tiennent également en tenant compte de l’ensemble des caractéristiques standard des entreprises. Nous étudions ensuite comment la politique de collatéralisation impact les performances des entreprises à travers le canal de «déconnexion». Dans le troisième chapitre, je passe à un échantillon de pays de l’OCDE. Une littérature croissante souligne le rôle du commerce avec les économies émergentes, en particulier la Chine, dans la destruction des emplois dans le secteur manufacturier comme le processus de désindustrialisation des les économies avancées. Cependant, pour quantifier la pertinence de l’exposition aux importations en provenances des marchés émergents, nous devons démêler le canal commercial du canal de productivité traditionnel. Dans ce chapitre, nous développons un modèle simple du changement structurel dans une économie ouverte pour en déduire des implications empiriques que nous analysons pour un échantillon de pays de l’OCDE. Dans les économies ouvertes, lorsque la croissance de la productivité de l’industrie nationale est plus rapide que celle des services,mais plus lente que celle de l’industrie étrangère, alors la part industrielle peut diminuer dans les économies avancées, tant en valeur ajoutée qu’en emploi. Nous appelons ce phénomène «double désindustrialisation». Nous trouvons des effets significatifs et quantitativement pertinents du commerce sur le changement structurel dans les économies avancées. En outre, alors que de nombreuses études étudient l’accélération de l’ampleur des importations en provenance de Chine depuis 2000 pour expliquer le modèle de désindustrialisation dans les économies avancées, nous soulignons que le changement de la composition des exportations chinoises vers les secteurs des technologies d’information et de communication et la naturante changeante du progrès technologique dans les économies émergentes pourrait contribuer à la compréhension du phénomène de désindustrialisation de l’après 2000. / This thesis investigates the role of collateral environment and trade exposure on the allocation of employment across firms and sectors. The first chapter argues that, in these economies with poor institutional quality of collateral and bankruptcy laws, aggressive collateralization makes the risk-taking behavior of borrowers suboptimally more costly. This discourages entrepreneurship and thus impedes the growth potential among young firms with a potentially high impact on job creation in the economy.Second chapter stresses the "disconnection" channel on the performance of firms when stringent collateral environment impedes the access of firms to financial system. Studying the 6 economies in MENA we observe region is characterized by an unusually highshare of firms that do not need external finance. These firms are less likely to view access to finance as a major concern, are less likely to have purchased fixed assets, andare less likely to plan further expansion. These findings also hold after accounting fora standard set of firm characteristics. In the third chapter, I move to a sample of OECD countries. A growing body of literature emphasizes the role of trade with emerging economies, especially with China, in job destruction in the manufacturing sectors andin the deindustrialization process currently seen in advanced economies. However, to quantify the relevance of exposure to imports from emerging markets, the trade channel needs to be disentangled from the traditional productivity channel. Developing asimple model of structural change in an open economy, I derive empirical implicationsto analyze for a sample of OECD countries. The model illustrates when productivity growth of domestic manufacturing is faster than that of services but slower than that of foreign manufacturing, the share of manufacturing in advanced economies may fall,both in terms of value added and of employment. I call this phenomenon "twin deindustrialization".My empirical results indicate significant and quantitatively relevant effects of trade on structural change in advanced economies. Furthermore, while many studies investigate the accelerating volume of imports from China post 2000 to explain the pattern of deindustrialization in advance economies, I stress that the shift in the composition of Chinese exports towards the ICT sectors and the changing nature of technological progress occurring in emerging economies are important considerations in understanding the pattern of deindustrialization in the post 2000 period.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Hisgail de Almeida Nogueira.pdf: 9041971 bytes, checksum: 606c3c9bd04ceaa8f508da286f310f52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Motivated to evaluate the contribution of Local Productive Systems (LPSs) for the development of the localities in which they were implemented in the State of São Paulo, this study sought to prove based on the analysis of some of the leading authors of the theory of industrial location, in first, if this theory is the main theoretical support base for formulating the development program the Local Productive Systems in Brazil, particularly in the state of São Paulo experience . In the mid-2000s , before a change in the framework of international economic order, with the advent of neo-liberal assumptions, degradation of the Brazilian industrial base , and deterioration of the social relations of production in urban areas, great hope is putted on clusters as endogenous growth promoter and promotion of territoriality in which it operates , as of successful international experiences of the industrial districts of the Third Italy , and high-tech Silicon Valley and Route 128 districts , both in the US . From the processing and analysis data selected on the São Paulo LPSs Program and especially the case study on the implementation of clusters in the Greater ABC Region , it was found that despite the contributions , regional competitiveness as a development proposal is insufficient and not alone serve the needs and social interests historically determined in this region / Motivado em avaliar a contribuição do Programa de Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) para o desenvolvimento nos territórios em que foram implementados no Estado de São Paulo, o presente trabalho procurou comprovar com base na análise de alguns dos principais estudiosos da teoria da localização industrial, que esta teoria é a principal base de sustentação para formulação do Programa de fomento a Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) no Brasil, particularmente na experiência do Estado de São Paulo. Em meados dos anos 2000, frente a um quadro de mudança da ordem econômica internacional, com o advento dos pressupostos neoliberais, de degradação da base industrial brasileira, e de precarização das relações sociais de produção nas áreas urbanas, grande esperança é depositada nos APLs como promotor de crescimento endógeno e dinamização das territorialidades em que atua, a partir das exitosas experiências internacionais dos distritos industriais da Terceira Itália, dos distritos de alta tecnologia do Silicon Valley e da Route 128 nos EUA. A partir do tratamento e análise dos dados selecionados sobre o Programa Paulista de APLs e principalmente do estudo de caso sobre a implementação de projetos de APLs na Região do Grande ABC, constatou-se que apesar das contribuições, a competitividade regional como proposta de desenvolvimento é insuficiente e não responde por si só às necessidades e interesses sociais historicamente determinados nestas regiões

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:52:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lygia Nunes Rotondi de Azevedo.pdf: 1084822 bytes, checksum: 7d468b0614c8697f55e0b9b473b8d31e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / The industry has always played a prominent role in the economic development debate of Latin American countries. However, since the 1980s, the industry has been demonstrating signs that it may be losing space as inducer of this process, indicating a possible movement in the opposite direction. This research verifies the hypothesis of premature deindustrialization in Latin America, considering as a starting point the Coutts & Rowthorn article, which analyzed the same phenomenon in developed countries. This study begins by reviewing the economic literature on the subject, pointing out the major discussions on the theme, along with theoretical aspects related to this topic. An econometric model using panel data of 8 selected Latin American countries was considered, covering the period between 1986 and 2005, to verify the possible existence of this phenomenon. If it is confirmed, we will analyze their causes and conditions. To do so, in the model we will test variables different from those used in the reference work, to capture the peculiarities of the studied region, without losing the robustness and explanatory power of the original study. With this analysis, we intend to contribute in identifying alternatives to overcome the obstacles that still disrupts the Latin American countries from moving forward on the economic development path / A indústria sempre ocupou um papel de destaque no debate sobre o desenvolvimento econômico dos países latino-americanos. Entretanto, a partir da década de 1980, a indústria começa a dar sinais de que pode estar perdendo espaço como agente indutor desse processo, indicando um possível movimento no sentido oposto. Este trabalho verifica a hipótese de desindustrialização precoce na América Latina, tendo como ponto de partida o trabalho de Rowthorn & Coutts, que analisou o mesmo fenômeno nos países desenvolvidos. O estudo começa fazendo uma revisão da literatura econômica sobre o tema apontando os principais trabalhos já realizados acerca do assunto, bem como aspectos teóricos que serão desenvolvidos no decorrer da pesquisa. Foi utilizado um modelo econométrico de dados em painel de 8 países latino-americanos selecionados, cobrindo o período entre 1986 e 2005. Além de verificar a possível existência desse fenômeno, esse, em se confirmando, buscar-se-á apontar suas causas e condicionantes. Para tanto, no modelo serão testadas outras variáveis, diferentes das usadas no trabalho-referência, de modo a captar as peculiaridades da região estudada, sem com isso perder a robustez e capacidade explicativa do estudo original. Com isso, pretende-se contribuir para o debate que busca apontar saídas no sentido de superar os obstáculos que ainda os impedem os países da América Latina de avançar no caminho do desenvolvimento econômico

Esse trabalho investiga a questão da desindustrialização da economia brasileira, caracterizada por uma mudança na divisão social do trabalho, na perspectiva das recentes transformações do capitalismo mundial, como a financeirização, a terceirização, a relocalização e a digitalização das atividades econômicas. Essas transformações estruturais do capitalismo, desencadeadas pela crise de acumulação nos anos setenta, constituem a base do processo de globalização econômica. A pesquisa parte da hipótese de que a desindustrialização da economia brasileira não está centrada na sobrevalorização cambial que acompanha a política de estabilização monetária a partir da década de 1990, como tem enfatizado parte da literatura especializada, mas no processo de globalização econômica, que acompanha os deslocamentos dos fluxos de capitais produtivos e financeiros desde a década de 1980. Tendo em vista as dificuldades internas do país durante a “década perdida”, o curso dos investimentos estrangeiros desencadeia a primeira etapa do processo de mudança estrutural da base produtiva nacional. No momento em que o Brasil atravessava uma severa crise de endividamento externo, os investimentos estrangeiros expandiram-se consideravelmente, através da internacionalização produtiva e financeira, em direção aos países que apresentaram estabilidade institucional e macroeconômica, já comprometidos com a liberalização comercial e a desregulamentação dos mercados. A partir da década de 1990, com a liberalização financeira e a abertura comercial, o processo de desindustrialização da economia brasileira avança consideravelmente, através do aprofundamento da financeirização das atividades econômicas e da abrupta intensificação da concorrência interna e externa, causada pela integração econômica ao padrão de acumulação capitalista dos países avançados. Desde então, o país tem observado a consolidação do processo de desindustrialização, impulsionado pela financeirização da riqueza e redistribuição geográfica da indústria em escala global, de acordo com as oportunidades e prerrogativas da acumulação capitalista. Para fundamentar a proposta de pesquisa, o estudo busca identificar e dimensionar as conseqüências desse processo de globalização financeira, produtiva e comercial sobre a estrutura da produção e do emprego na economia brasileira, tendo em vista os interesses estratégicos das empresas transnacionais e geopolíticos dos estados nacionais. / This research investigates the issue of de-industrialization of the Brazilian economy, which is characterized by a change in the social division of labor, from the framework of the recent transformations of world capitalism, as financialization, outsourcing, relocation and the digitization of economic activity. These structural transformations of capitalism, triggered by the accumulation of crisis in the seventies, are the basis of the economic globalization process. This investigation stems from the hypothesis that deindustrialization in Brazil is not based on exchange overvaluation that followed stabilization monetary policy since the 1990s, as suggested by part of the literature on the subject, but rather on the process of economic globalization that followed the movements of both productive and financial capital flows since the 1980s. Given the internal problems of the country during the "lost decade", the direction of foreign investments triggered the first phase of structural change in the national productive structure. By the time that Brazil was going through a severe external debt crisis, foreign investment expanded considerably by the productive and financial internationalization towards those countries that have institutional and macroeconomic stability, already committed to trade liberalization and deregulation of markets. Since the 1990s, along with financial and trade liberalization, the process of deindustrialization in the Brazilian economy spread considerably, through both the financialization of economic activities and abrupt intensification of domestic and foreign competition, caused by the economic integration to the pattern of capitalist accumulation in advanced countries. Since then, the country has seen the consolidation of deindustrialization, prompted both by the financialization of wealth and geographic redistribution of industry on a global scale, according to the opportunities and prerogatives of capitalist accumulation. In support of the proposed research, this study seeks to identify and assess the consequences of financial, productive and commercial globalization on Brazilian economy’s production and employment structure, considering transnational corporations’ strategic interests and national states’ geopolitical interests.

Les premières couronnes de banlieue parisienne et new-yorkaises, anciens espaces industriels, sont le territoire privilégié de l’expansion spatiale de la centralité parisienne recomposée par la globalisation de l’économie. Les conséquences spatiales de ces évolutions bouleversent les ordonnances et les hiérarchies existantes au sein des agglomérations urbaines. Les premières couronnes ont traversé une période de désindustrialisation et des phénomènes de crise économique, sociale et urbaine. Mais depuis les années 1980, elles sont confrontées à une recomposition économique du centre de l’agglomération, qui les confronte aux conséquences de la globalisation. Une typologie permet de distinguer différents types de choix. Certains espaces s’orientent résolument vers le tertiaire supérieur et l’installation d’une population de cadres aisés. A l’inverse, d’autres connaissent des évolutions économiques et sociales divergentes (intégration économique, pauvreté des habitants). Enfin, d’autres espaces s’orientent vers des fonctions résidentielles. Les politiques urbaines ont eu un rôle majeur dans l’évolution de ces premières couronnes, par le biais de régulations nouvelles entre les stratégies publique et privée. Cette thèse montre que les transformations récentes de ces territoires ne dépend pas seulement du contexte local, mais aussi d’héritages liés aux politiques urbaines, bien que les deux contextes étudiés soient très différents. De fait, les politiques urbaines tendent à produire des effets et des paysages urbains similaires, le paradigme de la croissance économique restant dominant. / In the core of Paris’ and New York metropolitan areas, former industrial spaces have undergone a massive restructuring of their productive and social profile. Global cities have dramatically changed for the past 30 years : their centres have regained economic power, and been gentrified. In particular, “peri-central spaces” or “first suburbs” faced a period of decline and deindustrialization, losing jobs and population, facing pauperization and unemployment. However, from the 1980s on, they are being restructured in connection with their specific spatial position neighbouring the center and are confronted with the impacts of globalization. Most spaces are oriented towards production, attracting office development and business services. Some poles of excellence have particularly gained from this restructuring while their population gentrified, and are competing fiercely for investment. Others are destructured urban areas where the economic and social evolutions are diverging (economic redevelopment versus increased poverty of the residents). Finally, other spaces remain more residential, with diverging social evolutions. Urban policies had a key impact on the evolution of first suburbs, the conjunction of private and public strategies creating the conditions for their redevelopment. This thesis shows that the recent transformation of these territories does not only depend on the local context, but also on long-term heritages and therefore on the choices implemented by local public strategies, be it in two very different contexts. As a matter of facts, urban policies tend to produce similar effects and urban landscapes, mostly because of the dominance of the growth paradigm.

Depuis les années 1970, un processus de désindustrialisation est à l’œuvre dans l’ensemble des pays industrialisés. Ce processus provient en partie de l’exacerbation de la concurrence internationale mais aussi de mutations structurelles. L’industrie continue de désigner l’ensemble des activités qui concourent à la production de biens matériels. Ses emplois et ses fonctions évoluent cependant, entrainant de profondes divergences territoriales. Dans ce contexte, les territoires de tradition industrielle seraient fragilisés. Face à leur probable déclin, de multiples pistes de redéveloppement s’appuyant sur des leviers culturels, patrimoniaux, touristiques ou encore résidentiels sont mises en évidence. Leurs capacités productives futures ne sont paradoxalement que rarement interrogées. Cette thèse pose la question d’un avenir productif pour ces territoires, en France, en particulier lorsqu’ils se situent hors de grandes aires urbaines. En admettant que les origines du changement territorial peuvent être aussi bien exogènes qu’endogènes et que les territoires sont majoritairement dépendants de leur passé, cette thèse propose une analyse tenant compte des trajectoires locales au cours des cinquante dernières années. Cette recherche s’appuie sur une méthodologie mixte combinant des éléments quantitatifs, à l’échelle de l’ensemble des bassins industriels français, et qualitatifs à partir de trois cas d’étude : le Bocage Bressuirais, Romans-sur-Isère et Annonay. Elle invite à prendre en compte la diversité des territoires et à reconsidérer leur fragilité économique et sociodémographique d’ensemble. Ce faisant, elle montre qu’un renouvellement productif y est possible et détaille les multiples trajectoires empruntables face à l’apparition de nouveaux enjeux numériques, de durabilité ou encore, liés à l’innovation sociale. / Since the 1970s, a process of deindustrialisation has taken place in all industrialized countries. This process comes partly from the exacerbation of international competition but also from structural changes. The industry continues to designate all activities that contribute to the production of material goods. Its jobs and functions evolve, however, leading to deep territorial divergences.In this context, the traditionally industrial territories are said to be weakened. Faced with their probable decline, multiple avenues of redevelopment are highlighted, based on cultural, heritage, tourism or residential levers. Paradoxically, their future productive capacities are rarely questioned. This thesis raises the question of a productive future for these territories, in France, especially when they are located outside large urban areas.Assuming that the origins of territorial change can be both exogenous and endogenous, and that territories are largely dependent on their past, this thesis proposes an analysis that takes into account local trajectories over the last fifty years. This research is based on a mixed methodology combining quantitative elements, at the scale of all French industrial living areas, and qualitative from three case studies: Bocage Bressuirais, Romans-sur-Isère and Annonay. This thesis invites us to take into account the diversity of territories and to reconsider their overall economic and sociodemographic fragility. In doing so, it shows that a productive renewal is possible. The thesis finally details the multiple paths that can be borrowed face to the emergence of new challenges like digital, sustainability and social innovation.

Submitted by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-17T19:28:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSSI_Caroline_2015.pdf: 2653469 bytes, checksum: a6764fe24464b83e7d4052a6ed11584b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-17T19:28:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSSI_Caroline_2015.pdf: 2653469 bytes, checksum: a6764fe24464b83e7d4052a6ed11584b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-17T19:28:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSSI_Caroline_2015.pdf: 2653469 bytes, checksum: a6764fe24464b83e7d4052a6ed11584b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-17T19:28:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSSI_Caroline_2015.pdf: 2653469 bytes, checksum: a6764fe24464b83e7d4052a6ed11584b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The Brazilian industry has become in recent decades, which created an intense debate about a possible process of deindustrialization faced by the Brazilian economy. Some authors believe that the country has faced a process of deindustrialization, while others argue that this is just a period of adjustment faced by the economy, which does not characterize this fact. The fall of the Manufacturing Industry's participation in the Gross Domestic Product of the country, coupled with the increase in exports of commodities by Brazil are among the main factors that lead to believe that the country has lost links in the production chain and specializing in goods with little degree of differentiation. In this context, this paper aims to analyze the main data of the Brazilian industry to identify the process of deindustrialization pointed in Brazil. We wanted to understand what the main lines of argument in the debate on the subject, and understand how they behaved the main economic aggregates of the country and other economies in the world, producing a structural analysis on the subject. / A indústria brasileira tem sofrido transformações nas últimas décadas que levaram a um intenso debate acerca de um possível processo de desindustrialização enfrentado pela economia brasileira. Alguns autores acreditam que o país tem enfrentado um processo de desindustrialização, enquanto outros defendem que este é apenas um período de ajuste enfrentado pela economia, o que não caracteriza tal fato. A queda de participação da Indústria de Transformação no Produto Interno Bruto do país, aliada ao aumento das exportações de commodities pelo Brasil são alguns dos principais fatores que levam a acreditar que o país tem perdido elos de sua cadeia produtiva e se especializado em bens com pouco grau de diferenciação. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar os principais dados da indústria brasileira a fim de identificar o processo de desindustrialização apontado no Brasil. Procura-se entender quais as principais linhas de argumentação dentro do debate a respeito do tema, além de compreender como se comportaram os principais agregados econômicos do país e de outras economias do mundo, elaborando uma análise estrutural a cerca do tema.