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Über mittlere AbweichungenPaditz, Ludwig January 1977 (has links)
In diesem Artikel werden notwendige und hinreichende Bedingungen für die Gültigkeit von Grenzwertsätzen für mittlere Abweichungen untersucht. In der Terminilogie von J.V.LINNIK (1971) werden die x-Bereiche für mittlere Abweichungen gewöhnlich als "sehr enge" Zonen der integralen normalen Anziehung bezeichnet. Darüber hinaus werden die Restglieder untersucht, die in den asymptotischen Beziehungen auftreten. Die Ordnung der Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit wird angegeben. Frühere Ergebnisse einiger Autoren werden verallgemeinert. Abschließend werden einige Literaturhinweise angegeben.:1. Einleitung S. 2
2. Allgemeine Grenzwertsätze für mittlere Abweichungen mit Angabe der Ordnung der Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit S. 3
3. Die Existenz von Momenten als notwendige Voraussetzung für die Gültigkeit von Grenzwertsätzen für mittlere Abweichungen S. 7
4. Beweise S. 10
Literatur S. 16 / In this paper we study necessary and sufficient conditions for the validity of limit theorems on moderate deviations. Usually x-zones for moderate deviations are called in the terminilogy by YU.V.LINNIK (1971) "very narrow" zones of integral normal attraction.
Moreover we analyse the remainder term appearing in the asymptotic relations. Informations on the order of the rate of convergence are given. Earlier results by several authors are generalized. Finally some references are given.:1. Einleitung S. 2
2. Allgemeine Grenzwertsätze für mittlere Abweichungen mit Angabe der Ordnung der Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit S. 3
3. Die Existenz von Momenten als notwendige Voraussetzung für die Gültigkeit von Grenzwertsätzen für mittlere Abweichungen S. 7
4. Beweise S. 10
Literatur S. 16
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En studie av hur entreprenadsumman i ett betongbroprojekt påverkas av ÄTA – arbeten och avvikelse : En fallstudie av 4 broprojekt utförda av Veidekke Entreprenad AB Anläggning Sydväst / A study of how the contract sum in a concrete bridge project is affected by contract changes and deviations : A case study of 4 concrete bridge projects done by Veidekke Entreprenad ABSaleh, Nehad January 2020 (has links)
Anläggningsprojekt är idag allt fler på grund av att den infrastruktur som byggdes på mitten på 1900-talet inte längre uppfyller dagens ställda krav. I takt med att större entreprenader utförs idag, krävs även större resurser och bättre samspel mellan beställare och entreprenörer. Entreprenadsumman för ett betongbroprojekt är väldigt stark förknippat med mängden ÄTA–arbeten och avvikelser. ÄTA–arbeten kan gå i olika riktningar, till exempel från underentreprenör mot beställare och tvärtom. I denna studie ligger fokus på entreprenörens ÄTA–arbeten gentemot beställaren och avvikelser som uppstår i produktionen. Syftet med studien är att identifiera de vanligaste ÄTA–arbeten och avvikelser som förekommer i olika betongbroprojekt för att undersöka hur dessa påverkar entreprenadsumman samt hur de i framtiden skall hanteras av entreprenören så att de inte upprepas i kommande projekt. Till en början har en litteraturstudie gjorts för att öka kunskapen kring ämnet. Därefterhar en fallstudie utförts av fyra tidigare betongbroprojekt. Den centrala delen av fallstudien har varit en kvalitativ undersökning, med intervjuer samt en enkätundersökning. Det har hållits 10 intervjuer med olika platschefer, en jurist och en arbetschef, samtidigt har 55 tjänstemän från fallföretaget deltagit i enkätundersökningen. I den kvantitativa delen har en sammanställning gjorts av samtliga ÄTA–arbeten och avvikelser som uppstått i de betongbroprojekt som studerats. Därefter har de ÄTA–arbeten och avvikelser som upprepats i dessa betongbroprojekt identifierats. Studien visar att ÄTA–arbeten oftast uppstår på grund av brister i beställarens förfrågningsunderlag. Geotekniska undersökningar och tekniska lösningar föreskrivna av beställaren är det som vanligen föranleder ÄTA–arbeten. Även entreprenadformen är avgörande för mängd och typ av ÄTA–arbeten. I en utförandentreprenad är det mycket mer likställda ÄTA–arbeten och när det gäller en totalentreprenad är de vanligaste ÄTA–arbetena föreskrivna tilläggs- och ändringsarbeten. Det är sällan lönsamt med många ÄTA–arbeten i betongbroprojekten, däremot ökar det projektensomsättning vilket får ses som positiv. Avvikelser förekommer oftast på grund av dålig planering och kommunikation. Bristfälliga arbetsberedningar och missade kontroller är andra orsaker till att avvikelser förekommer. Det är oftast entreprenörens eget fel attdet uppstår avvikelser. Avvikelserna har då alltid en negativ inverkan på projektetsslutkostnad i och med att kostnaden inte läggs på entreprenadsumman, det vill säga att entreprenören avhjälper avvikelser på egen bekostnad. De vanligaste ÄTA–arbetena förekommer kring brokonstruktionens grundläggning,oftast på grund av att de geotekniska undersökningar som gjorts, har gjorts fel eller inte i tillräcklig omfattning. När det kommer till avvikelser är de vanligast i samband med armeringsarbeten och betonggjutningar. Dyrare avvikelser förekommer men inte i någon större utsträckning. Genom att lägga mer fokus på planering, kommunikation, involvering och upprätta bättre arbetsberedningar kan negativa effekter på entreprenadsumman på grund av ÄTA–arbeten och avvikelser undvikas. / Various plant projects are today more common because the infrastructure built in themid-1900s no longer meet today's set requirements. As major contracts are carried out today, greater resources and better interaction between client and contractor are also required. The contract sum for various concrete bridge projects is very strongly associated with the amount of contract changes and deviations. Contract changes can go between different entrepreneurs for example from a subcontractor against the clientand vice versa. In this study the focus is on contract changes from the main entrepreneur towards the client and deviations that occurs in the production. The purpose of the study is to identify the most common contract changes and deviations that occur in different concrete bridge projects to investigate how these affect the contract sum and how they should be handled by the entrepreneur in the future so that they are not repeated in upcoming projects. Initially a literature study has been done to increase knowledge about the subject. Then a case study has been carried out on four previous concrete bridge projects. The central part of the case study has been a qualitative investigation, where interviews have been held and a survey has been conducted. There have been 10 interviews with various site managers, a lawyer, and a supervisor, while 55 officials from the case company have participated in the survey. In the quantitative part, a compilation of contract changes and deviations that has occurred in the concrete bridge projects that was studied has been done. Then the contract changes and deviations that was repeated in all the studied concrete bridge projects has been identified. The study shows that contract changes occur most often because of deficiencies in the clients request documents. Geotechnical investigations and technical solutions prescribed by the client are what usually prompt contract changes. The contract form is also crucial for the amount and type of contract changes. In a contract that is based on AB 04 it is much more preserved contract changes and when it comes to a general contract based on ABT 06, the most common contract changes are prescribed alterations and additional works. It is rarely profitable with many contract changes in concrete bridge projects, yet it increases the revenue of the projects, which may be positive. Deviations occur most often due to poor planning and communication. Inadequate work preparations and missed controls are other reasons for the presence of deviations. It is usually the entrepreneur’s fault that there are a lot of deviations. Deviations always has a negative effect on the project’s final cost since the cost for it is not added to the contract sum, which means that the entrepreneur remedies deviations at their own expense. The most common contract changes occur around the groundwork of the bridge construction, usually because the geotechnical investigations carried out by the client, have been done wrong or not enough. When it comes to deviations the most common are in connection with reinforcement work and concrete castings. More expensive deviations occur but not to a greater extent. By focusing more on planning, communication, involvement and establishing better work preparations, negative effects on the contract sum due to contract changes and deviations can be avoided.
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Das parabolische Anderson-Modell mit Be- und EntschleunigungSchmidt, Sylvia 15 December 2010 (has links)
We describe the large-time moment asymptotics for the parabolic Anderson model where the speed of the diffusion is coupled with time, inducing an acceleration or deceleration. We find a lower critical scale, below which the mass flow gets stuck. On this scale, a new interesting variational problem arises in the description of the asymptotics. Furthermore, we find an upper critical scale above which the potential enters the asymptotics only via some average, but not via its extreme values. We make out altogether five phases, three of which can be described by results that are qualitatively similar to those from the constant-speed parabolic Anderson model in earlier work by various authors. Our proofs consist of adaptations and refinements of their methods, as well as a variational convergence method borrowed from finite elements theory.
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Women Troubadours in Southern FranceGaniere, Catherine Christine 14 December 2007 (has links) (PDF)
In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries women troubadours in southern France called trobairitz participated in dialogue or debate poems called tensons with male troubadours. Of the nine existing tensons that include a male and a female voice, we will only analyze five tensons with the known identities of both the trobairitz and the troubadour that debate the subject of love, and we will include the following trobairitz tensons in this paper: Alamanda, Isabella, Garsenda, Lombarda and Maria de Ventadorn. We will discuss the thematic elements these five tensons share. Scholars such as Pierre Bec, Peter Dronke and Katharina Wilson note trobairitz' themes vary from those of traditional male troubadours. Troubadours concentrate on the outward or social manifestations of the courtly love game and values, yet trobairitz focus on the intimate, private pleasures of love by deviating from generally accepted courtly love conventions and social behaviors. Since the subject of love is debated in these five tensons, the personal character in these tensons alludes to the trobairitz's life—circumstances and incidents. A trobairitz's personal character is also illustrated in the tenson by her willingness to show personal qualities about a love relationship and as Deborah Perkal-Balinsky calls it "a willingness to deviate from accepted social behavior or perhaps the rules of the game, in an effort to attain the intimate pleasures in a love relationship" (46). The tensons discussed provide valuable information about trobairitz and courtly love—the publicly displayed values of honor, valor and mercy. At times, trobairitz solicit love by revolting against the courtly love rules to win a man. In courtly love tensons, trobairitz use the literary style, courtly vocabulary and courtly values to express both their support and criticism for the system. Through the use of courtly vocabulary, trobairitz conform to the styles developed by troubadours, yet when trobairitz write as female lovers and poets, they also discard the conventions set forth by troubadours, since they are not male lovers and poets. In each tenson the literary mode is man-in-society, and the theme centers around love"”either the praise of it or the blame from lack thereof or both (Hagen 27). In each of the five tensons, there are three common threads in the trobairitz love relationships: (1) in each tenson we see the personal character of the trobairitz; (2) we see them deviate from the accepted social behavior or the rules of the game; and (3) we witness that the trobairitz are usually unhappy with their love relationships. We will examine each tenson individually regarding these three aspects.
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Über die Annäherung der Verteilungsfunktionen von Summen unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen gegen unbegrenzt teilbare Verteilungsfunktionen unter besonderer Beachtung der Verteilungsfunktion der standardisierten NormalverteilungPaditz, Ludwig 28 May 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Mit der vorgelegten Arbeit werden neue Beiträge zur Grundlagenforschung auf dem Gebiet der Grenzwertsätze der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie vorgelegt.
Grenzwertsätze für Summen unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen nehmen unter den verschiedenartigsten Forschungsrichtungen der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie einen bedeutenden Platz ein und sind in der heutigen Zeit nicht mehr allein von theoretischem Interesse. In der Arbeit werden Ergebnisse zu neuere Problemstellungen aus der Summationstheorie unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen vorgestellt, die erstmalig in den fünfziger bzw. sechzger Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts in der Literatur auftauchten und in den zurückliegenden Jahren mit großem Interesse untersucht wurden.
International haben sich in der Theorie der Grenzwertsätze zwei Hauptrichtungen herauskristallisiert:
Zum Einen die Fragen zur Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit, mit der eine Summenverteilungsfunktion gegen eine vorgegebene Grenzverteilungsfunktion konvergiert, und zum Anderen die Fragen nach einer Fehlerabschätzung zur Grenzverteilungsfunktion bei einem endlichen Summationsprozeß.
Zuerst werden unbegrenz teilbare Grenzverteilungsfunktionen betrachtet und dann wird speziell die Normalverteilung als Grenzverteilung diskutiert.
Als charakteristische Kenngrößen werden sowohl Momente oder einseitige Momente bzw. Pseudomomente benutzt. Die Fehlerabschätzungen werden sowohl als gleichmäßige wie auch ungleichmäßige Restgliedabschätzungen angegeben, einschließlich einer Beschreibung der dabei auftretenden absoluten Konstanten.
Als Beweismethoden werden sowohl die Methode der charakteristischen Funktionen als auch direkte Methoden (Faltungsmethode) weiter ausgebaut. Für eine 1965 von Bikelis angegebene Fehlerabschätzung gelang es nun erstmalig, die auftretende absolute Konstante C mit C=114,667 numerisch abzuschätzen.
Weiterhin werden in der Arbeit sogenannte Grenzwertsätze für mittlere Abweichungen studiert. Hier werden erstmalig auch Restgliedabschätzungen abgeleitet.
Der in den letzten Jahren zum Beweis von Grenzwertsätzen eingeschlagene Weg über die Faltung von Verteilungsfunktionen erwies sich als bahnbrechend und bestimmte die Entwicklung sowohl der Theorie der Grenzwertsätze für mittlere und große Abweichungen als auch der Untersuchung zu den ungleichmäßigen Abschätzungen im zentralen Grenzwertsatz bedeutend.
Die Faltungsmethode stellt in der vorliegenden Dissertationsschrift das hauptsächliche Beweisinstrument dar. Damit gelang es, eine Reihe neuer Ergebnisse zu erhalten und insbesondere mittels der elektronischen Datenverarbeitung neue numerische Resultate zu erhalten. / With the presented work new contributions to basic research in the field of limit theorems of probability theory are given.
Limit theorems for sums of independent random variables taking on the most diverse lines of research in probability theory an important place in modern times and are no longer only of theoretical interest. In the work results are presented to newer problems on the summation theory of independent random variables, at first time in the fifties and sixties of the 20th Century appeared in the literature and have been studied in the past few years with great interest.
International two main directions have emerged in the theory of limit theorems:
Firstly, the questions on the convergence speed of a cumulative distribution function converges to a predetermined limit distribution function, and on the other hand the questions on an error estimate for the limit distribution function at a finite summation process.
First indefinite divisible limit distribution functions are considered, then the normal distribution is specifically discussed as a limit distribution.
As characteristic parameters both moments or one-sided moments or pseudo-moments are used. The error estimates are stated both in uniform as well as non-uniform residual bounds including a description of the occurring absolute constants.
Both the method of characteristic functions as well as direct methods (convolution method) can be further expanded as proof methods. Now for the error estimate, 1965 given by Bikelis, was the first time to estimate the appearing absolute constant C with C = 114.667 numerically.
Furthermore, in the work of so-called limit theorems for moderate deviations are studied. Here also remainder estimates are derived for the first time.
In recent years to the proof of limit theorems the chosen way of the convolution of distribution functions proved to be groundbreaking and determined the development of both the theory of limit theorems for moderate and large deviations as well as the investigation into the nonuniform estimates in the central limit theorem significantly.
The convolution method is in the present thesis, the main instrument of proof. Thus, it was possible to obtain a series of results and obtain new numerical results in particular by means of electronic data processing.
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Über die Annäherung der Verteilungsfunktionen von Summen unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen gegen unbegrenzt teilbare Verteilungsfunktionen unter besonderer Beachtung der Verteilungsfunktion der standardisierten NormalverteilungPaditz, Ludwig 25 August 1977 (has links)
Mit der vorgelegten Arbeit werden neue Beiträge zur Grundlagenforschung auf dem Gebiet der Grenzwertsätze der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie vorgelegt.
Grenzwertsätze für Summen unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen nehmen unter den verschiedenartigsten Forschungsrichtungen der Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie einen bedeutenden Platz ein und sind in der heutigen Zeit nicht mehr allein von theoretischem Interesse. In der Arbeit werden Ergebnisse zu neuere Problemstellungen aus der Summationstheorie unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen vorgestellt, die erstmalig in den fünfziger bzw. sechzger Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts in der Literatur auftauchten und in den zurückliegenden Jahren mit großem Interesse untersucht wurden.
International haben sich in der Theorie der Grenzwertsätze zwei Hauptrichtungen herauskristallisiert:
Zum Einen die Fragen zur Konvergenzgeschwindigkeit, mit der eine Summenverteilungsfunktion gegen eine vorgegebene Grenzverteilungsfunktion konvergiert, und zum Anderen die Fragen nach einer Fehlerabschätzung zur Grenzverteilungsfunktion bei einem endlichen Summationsprozeß.
Zuerst werden unbegrenz teilbare Grenzverteilungsfunktionen betrachtet und dann wird speziell die Normalverteilung als Grenzverteilung diskutiert.
Als charakteristische Kenngrößen werden sowohl Momente oder einseitige Momente bzw. Pseudomomente benutzt. Die Fehlerabschätzungen werden sowohl als gleichmäßige wie auch ungleichmäßige Restgliedabschätzungen angegeben, einschließlich einer Beschreibung der dabei auftretenden absoluten Konstanten.
Als Beweismethoden werden sowohl die Methode der charakteristischen Funktionen als auch direkte Methoden (Faltungsmethode) weiter ausgebaut. Für eine 1965 von Bikelis angegebene Fehlerabschätzung gelang es nun erstmalig, die auftretende absolute Konstante C mit C=114,667 numerisch abzuschätzen.
Weiterhin werden in der Arbeit sogenannte Grenzwertsätze für mittlere Abweichungen studiert. Hier werden erstmalig auch Restgliedabschätzungen abgeleitet.
Der in den letzten Jahren zum Beweis von Grenzwertsätzen eingeschlagene Weg über die Faltung von Verteilungsfunktionen erwies sich als bahnbrechend und bestimmte die Entwicklung sowohl der Theorie der Grenzwertsätze für mittlere und große Abweichungen als auch der Untersuchung zu den ungleichmäßigen Abschätzungen im zentralen Grenzwertsatz bedeutend.
Die Faltungsmethode stellt in der vorliegenden Dissertationsschrift das hauptsächliche Beweisinstrument dar. Damit gelang es, eine Reihe neuer Ergebnisse zu erhalten und insbesondere mittels der elektronischen Datenverarbeitung neue numerische Resultate zu erhalten. / With the presented work new contributions to basic research in the field of limit theorems of probability theory are given.
Limit theorems for sums of independent random variables taking on the most diverse lines of research in probability theory an important place in modern times and are no longer only of theoretical interest. In the work results are presented to newer problems on the summation theory of independent random variables, at first time in the fifties and sixties of the 20th Century appeared in the literature and have been studied in the past few years with great interest.
International two main directions have emerged in the theory of limit theorems:
Firstly, the questions on the convergence speed of a cumulative distribution function converges to a predetermined limit distribution function, and on the other hand the questions on an error estimate for the limit distribution function at a finite summation process.
First indefinite divisible limit distribution functions are considered, then the normal distribution is specifically discussed as a limit distribution.
As characteristic parameters both moments or one-sided moments or pseudo-moments are used. The error estimates are stated both in uniform as well as non-uniform residual bounds including a description of the occurring absolute constants.
Both the method of characteristic functions as well as direct methods (convolution method) can be further expanded as proof methods. Now for the error estimate, 1965 given by Bikelis, was the first time to estimate the appearing absolute constant C with C = 114.667 numerically.
Furthermore, in the work of so-called limit theorems for moderate deviations are studied. Here also remainder estimates are derived for the first time.
In recent years to the proof of limit theorems the chosen way of the convolution of distribution functions proved to be groundbreaking and determined the development of both the theory of limit theorems for moderate and large deviations as well as the investigation into the nonuniform estimates in the central limit theorem significantly.
The convolution method is in the present thesis, the main instrument of proof. Thus, it was possible to obtain a series of results and obtain new numerical results in particular by means of electronic data processing.
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„Ich verstehe nur Chinesisch!“Liu, Tong 31 July 2015 (has links)
Vor dem Hintergrund der Ausspracheabweichungen, die chinesische Muttersprachler beim Erwerb der deutschen Aussprache produzieren bzw. aufweisen, widmet sich die vorliegende Arbeit einer intensiven kontrastiven phonetisch-phonologischen Analyse des Deutschen (Standardbinnendeutsch) und des Chinesischen (Putonghua) auf der segmentalphonetischen und -phonologischen, der phonotaktischen und der suprasegmentalen Ebene, um hierauf aufbauend internetbasierte Lehr- und Lernmaterialien zur deutschen Aussprache für chinesische Muttersprachler zu entwickeln. Exemplarisch für diese Konzeption stehen zwei zweieinhalb- bis dreiminütige selbst entwickelte und professionell ausgearbeitete Lernvideos (zu den deutschen Kurz- und Langvokalen sowie zu Konsonantenhäufungen). / Considering pronunciation deviations which are produced by Chinese native speakers in the learning of German pronunciation, this dissertation conducts an intensive contrastive phonetic-phonological analysis of German (Standard internal German) and Chinese (Putonghua) on the segmental, the phonotactic and the suprasegmental levels, in order to further develop internet-based teaching and learning materials for German pronunciation targeting Chinese native speakers. Two educational videos about German pronunciation for Chinese native speakers based on this contrast are developed as a result of this analysis, with one focusing on German short and long vowels and the other on consonant clusters.
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Identifikation und Reduzierung realer Schwankungen durch praxistaugliche Prozessführungsmethoden beim Spritzgießen / Identification and reduction of quality fluctuations through practical injection molding process control methodsEben, Johannes 16 February 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Eine stetig gleichbleibende hohe Qualität zu fertigen, ist erklärtes Ziel des Spritzgießgewer-bes. Aus technischen oder wirtschaftlichen Gründen ist es jedoch nicht möglich, für konstan-te Produktionsrahmenbedingungen zu sorgen. Die effizienteste Methode ist , die Schwan-kungen über die Wahl der richtigen Prozessführungsmethode auszugleichen.
Im ersten Teil der Arbeit konnte herausgefunden werden, welche praxisrelevanten Störgrö-ßen einen Einfluss auf den Spritzgießprozess haben und wie sie sich auswirken. Bei den Materialparametern sind Änderungen der Viskosität (15 %) und der Einfriertemperatur des Materials (4 °C) am Einzug festzustellen. Zusätzlich veränderte sich das Messverhalten der Drucksensoren, wodurch ein Drift von 5 bar entstand. Störgrößenbedingt änderten sich auch die Prozesstemperaturen um 1 °C.
Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit werden diverse, während der Arbeit entwickelte, Prozessfüh-rungsmethoden miteinander verglichen. Aufgabe war es, die im ersten Teil gefundenen rea-len störgrößenbedingten Einflüsse zu kompensieren. Es stellte sich heraus, dass sich ledig-lich die materialbedingten Schwankungen nicht ausgleichen lassen. Zumindest können de-ren Auswirkungen durch eine Regelung der werkstoffnahen Parameter abschwächt werden. / To produce a steady consistent high quality is the declared goal of the injection moulding industry. For technical or economic reasons, it is not possible to ensure constant production framework conditions. The proper method is to compensate the variable influences with the choice of the correct process control method.
The first part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of the different disturbances factors. The investigation showed that the material property, melt viscosity, varies about 15% and the recrystallisation temperature arises a deviation of 4°C. Another changes could be measured in the offset of the pressure sensor (5 bar) and the process temperatures (1°C).
The next goal was to find a suitable control method to balance these intermittencies. The test series showed clearly that changes in the material properties could not be compensated. But there impact toward the quality could be extenuated with a constant course of the process parameter in the cavity.
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Employing Bayesian Vector Auto-Regression (BVAR) method as an altenative technique for forecsating tax revenue in South AfricaMolapo, Mojalefa Aubrey 11 1900 (has links)
Statistics / M. Sc. (Statistics)
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Aplicação da baropodometria no desenvolvimento de um protocolo de avaliação motora em crianças nascidas pré-termo após a aquisição da marcha / Baropodometry application in developing a motor evaluation protocol in preterm infants born after the acquisition of marchColdebella, Cristiane 31 August 2016 (has links)
O nascimento prematuro contribui significativamente para o aumento de morbidades associadas ao desenvolvimento motor, tornando fundamental o acompanhamento contínuo destas crianças. Desta forma, a avaliação baropodométrica, por consistir em um método quantitativo de controle postural pode trazer vantagens para o diagnóstico e acompanhamento do desenvolvimento motor de crianças. Este estudo teve por objetivo desenvolver um protocolo de avaliação motora através dos dados e índices baropodométricos em crianças nascidas pré-termo. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, onde foram avaliadas 103 crianças entre 24 e 59 meses. Destas, 40 nascidas pré-termo e 63 crianças nascidas a termo. Durante a seleção da amostra, foi preenchida uma ficha de avaliação correspondente ao pré-termo grupo e um questionário com relatos dos pais no grupo a termo. Após, foram aferidos massa corporal e estatura, seguida da aplicação da Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor. Por fim, a baropodometria foi realizada na forma estática, em três repetições, os quais consistiram de 5 segundos de adaptação da criança dobre a placa e 30 segundos onde foram aferidos dados de análise estática: pressão plantar e área do centro de oscilação corporal. Após, as pressões plantares foram transformadas em índices, o índice ânteroposterior foi definido pelas pressões plantares anterior e posterior: IAP= 1-2*│0,6-P│; e o índice látero-lateral, por sua vez, foi definido pelas pressões plantares laterais direita e esquerda: ILL= 1-│LD-LE│. Após a avaliação os dados foram submetidos ao teste de normalidade das distribuições de Shapiro-Wilk, após verificada a distribuição não-normal, foi aplicado o teste de Mann-Whitney para verificar diferença entre os grupos, a associação entre os valores obtidos pelo baropodômetro, Escala do Desenvolvimento Motor, e as principais características e intercorrências do grupo pré-termo foi verificada através da correlação de Spearman. Foi observada diferença significativa nos valores de ILL (p=0,000) entre crianças nascidas a termo e crianças nascidas pré-termo, e que esta diferença possui correlação moderada com a idade gestacional (ρ=0,304), em relação ao centro de oscilação de pressão, crianças nascidas a termo apresentaram menor oscilação quando comparado a idade cronológica (ρ=-0,354), sendo que esta relação foi contrária em crianças nascidas pré-termo (ρ=0,336). Quando analisado somente o grupo pré-termo, foi verificado que o ILL apresentou correlação moderada e inversa com o tempo de internação (ρ=-0,353) e com o tempo de ventilação mecânica (ρ=-0,317) e a aérea do centro de oscilação de pressão apresentou correlação moderada e direta com o tempo de ventilação não invasiva (ρ=0,341). A massa ao nascer apresentou correlação moderada com o ILL (ρ=0,359) e também com a idade motora (ρ=0,323) e o quociente motor (ρ=0,341) e correlação forte com a IG (ρ=0,898) em contrapartida o peso atual apresentou correlação moderada com o quociente motor (ρ=0,310), e a IG (ρ=0,381) e correlação forte com a idade motora (ρ=0,555) e a idade cronológica (ρ=0,613). Houve diferença significativa em relação a idade de aquisição da marcha das crianças que precisaram de acompanhamento fisioterapêutico das que não precisaram (p=0,013). Um índice ILL menor em prematuros, pode estar relacionado ao tempo de internação e ventilação mecânica, além da massa ao nascer, já a maior aérea do centro de oscilação de pressão possui correlação com o tempo de ventilação não invasiva. Também pode-se perceber que a massa atual e a idade cronológica influenciaram mais no desenvolvimento motor que a massa ao nascer e a idade gestacional em crianças prematuras. / Preterm birth contributes significantly to the increase of morbidities associated with motor development, making essential the continuous monitoring of these children. Thus, baropodometry analysis by consisting of a quantitative method for postural control can be advantageous for the diagnosis and monitoring of engine development of children. This study aimed to develop a motor evaluation protocol through the data and baropodometric indexes in preterm infants. It was a descriptive study, which were evaluated 103 children between 24 and 59 months. Of these, 40 preterm and 63 term infants. During the sample selection was completed an evaluation form with data from medical records corresponding to the pre-term group and a questionnaire to parents on group term. After, body mass and height were measured, then the implementation of the Motor Development Scale. Finally, baropodometry was held in static form, with three replicates, which consisted of 5 seconds of child adjustment bend the plate and 30 seconds which were measured static analysis data: plantar pressure and pressure swing center area. After, the plantar pressures were transformed into indexes, the anteroposterior index was defined by the anterior and posterior plantar pressures: API = 1-2 * │0,6-P│; and side side index, in turn, defined by the right and left side planter pressure: SSI = 1- │RS-LS│. After evaluating, the data were submitted to normality test of Shapiro-Wilk distributions, being checked the non-normal distribution, the Mann-Whitney test was used to verify differences between groups, the association between the values obtained by baropodometry analysis, Motor Development Scale, and the main characteristics and complications of preterm group was verified by Spearman correlation. Significant difference in the values of SSI (p = 0.000) among term infants and infants born preterm were observed, and this difference has moderate correlation with gestational age (ρ = 0.304) compared to the pressure oscillation center , full-term babies showed less fluctuation compared to chronological age (ρ = -0.354), and this relationship was contrary in preterm children (ρ = 0.336).When only analyzed the preterm group, it was found that the SSI had moderate and inverse correlation with the length of stay (ρ = -0.353) and the duration of mechanical ventilation (ρ = -0.317) and the air oscillation center pressure showed moderate and direct correlation with noninvasive ventilation time (ρ = 0.341).The mass at birth showed moderate correlation with SSI (ρ = 0.359) and also with the motor age (ρ = 0.323) and the ratio engine (ρ = 0.341) and strong correlation with gestational age (ρ = 0.898) in contrast current weight showed moderate correlation with the motor quotient (ρ = 0.310) and gestational age(ρ = 0.381) and strong correlation with the motor age (ρ = 0.555) and chronological age (ρ = 0.613). There was significant difference in the age of acquisition of march of the children who needed physical therapy monitoring of those who did not needed (p = 0.013). A smaller SSI index in premature infants, may be related to hospitalization time and mechanical ventilation, in addition to mass at birth, already the largest air pressure oscillation center has correlation with noninvasive ventilation time.It may also be seen that the current mass and chronological age influenced more motor development than the mass at birth and gestational age in preterm children.
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