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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Modelo matemático para apoio à gestão da logística de empregados de plataformas offshore de exploração de petróleo

Machado, André Manhães 16 November 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:21:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andre Manhaes Machado.pdf: 1039285 bytes, checksum: 2b356c4d0279c975232bd92c5e2ab326 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-16 / O petróleo é a principal fonte energética do mundo contemporâneo, insumo básico de diversos setores econômicos. Com a descoberta do Pré-sal, o Brasil tem a oportunidade de tornar-se um dos maiores produtores de petróleo. Entretanto, para que isso seja alcançado, vários desafios deverão ser superados e, dentre eles, encontra-se o problema de transporte de empregados para operarem as plataformas offshore, distantes até 300km de distância da costa brasileira. Os problemas referentes ao deslocamento de empregados por meio de helicópteros são usualmente tratados como o Capacitated Helicopter Routing Problem (CHRP). Com base nas restrições de origem e de destino de cada cliente, no número de veículos e na capacidade e restrições de voo dos helicópteros, neste tipo de problema deseja-se minimizar os custos de aluguel de helicópteros mais o custo total de quilômetros voados. A presente dissertação propõe um modelo de Programação Linear Inteira Mista (PLIM) para o problema de roteirização de helicópteros com base no Dial-a-Ride Problem (DARP). Além do modelo apresentado, foram apresentados duas abordagens para a execução do modelo de forma exata: i) abordagem sem agrupamento, na qual as requisições que possuem origens iguais e destinos iguais são modeladas como requisições distintas e ii) abordagem com agrupamento, na qual requisições que possuem origens iguais e destinos iguais são aglutinados numa nova e única requisição. O modelo matemático foi executado no software CPLEX e os resultados mostraram que instâncias com até 25 requisições podem ser resolvidas pela abordagem com agrupamento / Oil is the main energy source of contemporary world; it is basic inputs of various economic sectors. With the discovery of Brazil pre-salt, there is an opportunity to become one of the largest oil producers. However, to achieve her own goals, Brazil must overcome several challenges, including the problem of transporting employees to operate offshore platforms 300km distant away from the Brazilian coast. Problems related to displacement of employees by helicopters are usually treated as Capacitated Helicopter Routing Problem (CHRP). Based on source and destination restrictions of each client, the number of vehicles, capacity and helicopter flight constraints, this type of problem proposes to minimize the cost of renting helicopters and the total cost of flown kilometers. This dissertation proposes a model of Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) for the helicopters routing problem based on a Dial-a-Ride Problem (DARP). Besides the presented model, we presented two approaches to implementing the model in an exact way: i) non-clustered approach, in which requests that have the same origin and destination are equal modeled as separate requests; and ii) clustered approach, in which requests that have the same origins and destinations are clumped together in a new single request. The mathematical model was implemented in software CPLEX and results showed that instances with up to 25 requests can be resolved in the clustered approach
32

Planning and routing via decomposition approaches / Planification et Routage via les Approches de Décomposition

Rahmani, Nastaran 26 June 2014 (has links)
Problèmes de tournées de véhicules statiques et déterministes ne peuvent pas être utilisés dans de nombreux systémes de la vieréelle, du fait que les données d’entrée ne sont pas fiables et sont révélées au fil du temps. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions un problème de ramassage et de livraison avec fenêtres de temps et un maximum de temps de trajet - le problème dial-a-ride - dans sa variante statique et dynamique, et nous faisons des propositions spécifiques sur les modèles d’optimisation robustes pour résoudre ce problème. Pour résoudre le modèle statique, nous développons une approche branch-and-price qui gère toutes les contraintes detemps dans le processus de création d’itinéraires de véhicules. Notre travail est axé sur les techniques de résolution du sous-problème et d’accélération pour l’approche branch-and-price. Nos résultats numériques montrent que la méthode est compétitive par rapport aux approches existantes qui sont basées sur le branch-and-cut. Dans le contexte dynamique, où certaines données d’entrée sont révélées dynamiquement ou modifiées au fil du temps, nous appliquons notre algorithme branch-and-price pour la ré-optimisation dans une approche sur horizon glissant. / Static and deterministic vehicle routing problems cannot be used in many real-life systems, as input data are not reliable and revealedover time. In this thesis, we study a pickup and delivery problem with time windows accounting for maximum ride time constraints – the so-called diala- ride problem – in its static and dynamic variant, and we make specific proposal on robust optimization models for this problem. To solve the static model, we develop a branch-and-price approach that handles ride time constraints in the process of generating feasible vehicle routes in the course of the optimization procedure. Our work is focussed on the pricing problem solver and acceleration techniques for the branch-and-price approach. Our numerical results show that the method is competitive compared to existing approaches that are based on branch-and-cut. In the dynamic context, where some input data are revealed or modified over time, we apply our branchand- price algorithm for re-optimization in a rolling horizon approach.
33

Desenvolvimento de um modelo computacional para a amplia??o do atendimento do Programa de Acessibilidade Especial Porta a Porta - PRAE

Dantas, Saulo de Tarso Alves 04 July 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SauloTAD_DISSERT.pdf: 1587906 bytes, checksum: 2d163959ab0b72bafed179c3efb3b6c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Worldwide, the demand for transportation services for persons with disabilities, the elderly, and persons with reduced mobility have increased in recent years. The population is aging, governments need to adapt to this reality, and this fact could mean business opportunities for companies. Within this context is inserted the Programa de Acessibilidade Especial porta a porta PRAE, a door to door public transportation service from the city of Natal-RN in Brazil. The research presented in this dissertation seeks to develop a programming model which can assist the process of decision making of managers of the shuttle. To that end, it was created an algorithm based on methods of generating approximate solutions known as heuristics. The purpose of the model is to increase the number of people served by the PRAE, given the available fleet, generating optimized schedules routes. The PRAE is a problem of vehicle routing and scheduling of dial-a-ride - DARP, the most complex type among the routing problems. The validation of the method of resolution was made by comparing the results derived by the model and the currently programming method. It is expected that the model is able to increase the current capacity of the service requests of transport / Em todo o mundo, a demanda por servi?os de transporte para pessoas portadoras de necessidades especiais, idosos, e pessoas com mobilidade reduzida v?m crescendo nos ?ltimos anos. A popula??o est? envelhecendo, os governos precisam se adaptar a esta realidade, e este fato pode significar oportunidade de neg?cios para as companhias. Dentro deste contexto est? inserido o Programa de Acessibilidade Especial porta a porta PRAE do munic?pio de Natal-RN. A pesquisa presente neste trabalho procura desenvolver um modelo de programa??o capaz de auxiliar o processo de tomada de decis?o dos gestores deste servi?o de transporte. Para tanto, foi criado um algoritmo baseado em m?todos de gera??o de solu??es aproximativas conhecidas como heur?sticas. O objetivo do modelo ? incrementar o n?mero de pessoas atendidas pelo PRAE, dada a frota dispon?vel, gerando programa??es de roteiros otimizadas. O PRAE consiste em um problema de roteiriza??o e programa??o de ve?culos do tipo dial-a-ride DARP, o tipo mais complexo dentre os problemas de roteiriza??o. A valida??o do m?todo de resolu??o ser? feita mediante compara??o entre os resultados auferidos pelo modelo e a programa??o real. Espera-se que o modelo seja capaz de elevar a capacidade de solicita??es atual deste servi?o de transporte
34

Embates dial?gicos em um pa?s dividido: a responsividade das charges de Ivan Cabral no processo de impeachment de Dilma Rousseff

Oliveira J?nior, Mauricio da Silva 06 September 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-11-01T21:02:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MauricioDaSilvaOliveiraJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 9223001 bytes, checksum: 7309eb0efda3da685c99c0bc2d037ee8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-06T23:14:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MauricioDaSilvaOliveiraJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 9223001 bytes, checksum: 7309eb0efda3da685c99c0bc2d037ee8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-06T23:14:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MauricioDaSilvaOliveiraJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 9223001 bytes, checksum: 7309eb0efda3da685c99c0bc2d037ee8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-06 / A charge ? um g?nero discursivo que circula em variados ve?culos de not?cia e, atualmente, difundido tamb?m em in?meros outros meios de comunica??o. Esse g?nero discursivo permite uma maior visibilidade da opini?o do autor, isto ?, o "autor falante" produz o conte?do tem?tico carregando-o ideol?gico e axiologicamente. A produ??o de tais enunciados concretos (charges) ? voltada para um ouvinte/leitor que tamb?m ? hist?rico e tamb?m est? situado em um ambiente social, fazendo com que esse direcionamento seja responsivo ao leitor, ? situa??o e aos fatos. Para esta pesquisa, tomamos como referencial te?rico as concep??es advindas do C?rculo de Bakhtin no que concerne ?s rela??es dial?gicas, ? heterodiscursividade, a posicionamento e a embates dial?gicos. Para compreender o riso charg?stico, apoiamos nossas reflex?es em Bergson, Propp e Bakhtin. Dada a especificidade do g?nero discursivo charge, buscamos ancorar nossas incurs?es no trabalho de Ivan Cabral, Ramos, Eisner e McCloud. O corpus desta pesquisa s?o as charges produzidas pelo chargista potiguar Ivan Cabral durante o per?odo do processo de impeachment da ex-presidente Dilma Rousseff, que ocorreu entre 02 de dezembro de 2015 e 13 de maio de 2016. A pesquisa se insere na ?rea da Lingu?stica Aplicada mesti?a, fronteiri?a e indisciplinar cujo objetivo ? construir inteligibilidade sobre as pr?ticas discursivas, considerando, para tanto, os sujeitos, as esferas de atividade e a historicidade das intera??es humanas. A investiga??o analisa os dados constru?dos a partir da vertente qualitativointerpretativista e o m?todo indici?rio de Ginzburg, que se volta para os ind?cios, os sinais que denunciam sentidos e posicionamentos. Os resultados permitem concluir que a charge, enquanto enunciado concreto, suscita responsividade que permite dar visibilidade aos embates dial?gicos entre sujeitos situados e posicionados, confirmando que na intera??o os sujeitos ocupam lugares e posi??es a partir de sua vis?o de mundo e de um conjunto de valores. / The cartoon is a discursive genre that circulates in varied news vehicles and, currently, also diffused in numerous other means of communication. This discursive genre allows a greater visibility of the author's opinion, that is, the "talking author" produces the thematic content carrying it ideologically and axiologically. The production of such concrete utterances (cartoons) is directed towards a listener / reader who is also historical and is also situated in a social environment, making this direction responsive to the reader, the situation and the facts. For this research, we take as theoretical reference the concepts coming from the Circle of Bakhtin in what concerns to dialogic relations, heterodiscursivity, positioning and dialogic clashes. To understand the laughter from the cartoon, we support our reflections in Bergson, Propp and Bakhtin. Given the specificity of the discursive cartoon genre, we sought to anchor our forays into the work of Ivan Cabral, Ramos, Eisner and McCloud. The corpus of this research are the cartoons produced by the potiguar cartoonist Ivan Cabral during the impeachment process of former president Dilma Rousseff, which occurred between December 2, 2015 and May 13, 2016. The research is part of the mestiza, frontier and indisciplinary Applied Linguistics whose objective is to build intelligibility on discursive practices, considering, for that, the subjects, the spheres of activity and the historicity of human interactions. The research analyzes the data constructed from the qualitative-interpretative perspective and the Ginzburg indicationary method, which turns to the signs, the signs that denounce meanings and positions. The results allow us to conclude that the charge, as a concrete statement, elicits responsiveness that allows to give visibility to the dialogic clashes between subjects situated and positioned, confirming that in the interaction subjects occupy places and positions from their world view and a set of values.
35

A Comparative Study on a Dynamic Pickup and Delivery Problem : Improving routing and order assignment in same-day courier operations / En jämförande studie av ett dynamiskt upplockning- och avlämningsproblem : Förbättrande av ruttplanering och beställningstilldelning i leveransoperationer med kort planeringshorisont

Andersson, Tomas January 2021 (has links)
Pickup and Delivery Problems (PDPs) constitute a class of Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) consisting of finding the optimal routes for a fleet of vehicles to deliver requests from a set of origin locations to a corresponding set of destinations. PDPs are NP-hard and have a wide variety of variants and potential constraints. This thesis evaluates methods for solving a dynamic single- vehicle PDP restricted by multiple time-related constraints. The problem is dynamic in the sense that new requests arrive as time is simulated and inserted into the vehicle’s pickup and delivery plan as it is being executed. The time- related constraints include limited time windows during which the requests may be picked up or delivered, as well as maximum ride times that items may spend in the vehicle before being delivered. To solve the problem, we adapt insertion heuristics based on Large Neighborhood Search (LNS) and Heuristic Destroy and Repair (HDR) to the problem and evaluate them in a comparative study. Solution methods for the PDP are also applied on the problem of dynamically assigning incoming orders to vehicles in a delivery service with a short planning horizon. A PDP-based order assignment strategy is compared with assignment strategies based on proximity and workload. Due to the short planning horizon of the target application, the study is focused on finding well-performing methods for quickly solving small PDPs containing 10-15 requests. Our results indicate that LNS outperforms HDR for small problem instances. However, the quick convergence of HDR allows it to outperform LNS for larger problem instances. We also show that applying a PDP- based assignment strategy in the order assignment problem allows the service to accommodate more requests than the alternative assignment strategies while simultaneously providing a significant reduction in operational costs. Future work may improve the order assignment strategy by incorporating more anticipatory functionality and streamlining the PDP methods with more efficient tests for the feasibility of solutions. / Pickup and Delivery Problems (PDP:er) utgör en grupp av Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP:er) som består av att hitta de optimala rutterna för en fordonsflotta för att leverera beställningar från en uppsättning av upplockningsplatser till motsvarande uppsättning av avlämningsplatser. PDP:er är NP-svåra och har en stor mängd olika varianter och potentiella begränsningar. Denna avhandling utvärderar metoder för att lösa ett dynamiskt enkel-fordon PDP med flera tidsrelaterade begränsningar. Problemet är dynamiskt i den mening att nya beställnigar anländer i samband med att tiden simuleras och sätts in i fordonets leveransplan samtidigt som den utförs. De tidsrelaterade begränsningarna innefattar begränsade tidsfönstren under vilka beställningar kan plockas upp eller lämnas av, samt maximala tider som hämtade föremål får tillbringa i fordonet innan de lämnas av. För att lösa problemet anpassar vi insättningsheuristiker baserade på Large Neighborhood Search (LNS) och Heuristic Destroy and Repair (HDR) till problemet och utvärderar dem i en jämförande studie. Lösningsmetoder för PDP tillämpas också på problemet att dynamiskt tilldela inkommande beställningar till fordon i en leveransservice med en kort planeringshorisont. En PDP-baserad tilldelningsstrategi jämförs med strategier baserade på närhet och arbetsbelastning. På grund av målapplikationens korta planeringshorisont så fokuserar studien på att hitta väl presterande metoder för att snabbt lösa små PDP:er som innehåller 10-15 förfrågningar. Våra resultat indikerar att LNS överträffar HDR för små probleminstanser. Däremot leder den snabba konvergensen av HDR till att den överträffar LNS för större probleminstanser. Vi visar också att tillämpningen av en PDP-baserad tilldelningsstrategi i tilldelningsproblemet gör att tjänsten kan tillgodose fler beställningar än de alternativa tilldelningsstrategierna, samtidigt som det ger en betydlig minskning av driftskostnaderna. Framtida arbete kan förbättra tilldelningsstrategin genom att integrera mer förutseende funktionalitet och effektivisera PDP-metoderna med ett mer effektivt test av genomförbarhet för lösningar.
36

Ex vivo and in vitro evaluation of the influence of the inhaler device and formulation on lung deposition of budesonide

Aloum, Fatima, Al Ayoub, Yuosef, Mohammad, Mohammad A., Obeed, Muthana, Paluch, Krzysztof J., Assi, Khaled H. 10 August 2020 (has links)
Yes / Two different types of dry powder inhalers (Easyhaler® and RS01®) were used in this work to evaluate the ex vivo and in vitro performance of a budesonide inhaled formulation with recrystallised mannitol, commercial DPI-grade mannitol, or lactose. The aerodynamic performance of the budesonide formulation with recrystallised mannitol was superior when RS01® was used (FPF = 45.8%) compared to Easyhaler® (FPF = 14%). However, the aerodynamic profile was very poor in both devices when commercial mannitol was used. Interestingly, the aerosol performance of the marketed budesonide formulation significantly improved when RS01® was used compared to Easyhaler® (the original device for the formulation). Due to the significant increases in the surface energy of the commercial mannitol formulation, the aerodynamic performance of the formulation was very poor. This work demonstrates the impact of inhaler devices on the performance of inhaled formulations and considers the particle surface energy during formulation development.
37

A dial?tica das modalidades como fundamenta??o l?gica do processo de autodetermina??o da vontade

Carvalho, Alberto Jos? Vinholes de 10 January 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:54:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 399935.pdf: 588695 bytes, checksum: bd138cf874e50a989e69f6f3ac70e8d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-01-10 / Para Hegel, liberdade pressup?e determina??o que, segundo o autor, ? o resultado de um movimento necess?rio de autodetermina??o do Absoluto. Hegel, na Filosofia do Direito exp?e os movimentos de autodetermina??o da vontade, que aparecem como uma explicita??o do movimento interno do sujeito, a partir do qual ? justificada sua inclus?o no processo de aprendizado ?tico. O autor, em v?rios momentos, indica a Ci?ncia da L?gica como fonte dos elementos complementares ?queles apresentados na Filosofia do Direito, a fim de obtermos uma melhor compreens?o da necessidade de tal processo. O movimento de autodetermina??o da vontade, explicitado na Filosofia do Direito, apresenta uma similaridade com o processo de autodetermina??o do Absoluto, que o autor exp?e na Ci?ncia da L?gica no cap?tulo sobre a Dial?tica das Modalidades. Nas rodadas: formal, real e absoluta, o autor, por meio da articula??o entre possibilidade, conting?ncia e necessidade, apresenta o processo de autodetermina??o do Absoluto. Neste sentido, a Ci?ncia da L?gica antecipa e esgota as quest?es que balizam as no??es de moralidade e eticidade.
38

Constela??o vital : da vida excitada ? vida incitada um ensaio sobre o pensamento de Theodor W. Adorno

Santos, Marcelo Leandro dos 06 August 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:55:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 425381.pdf: 1143214 bytes, checksum: 66ddb8b44e380716b36bd6211e8ca0e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-06 / Este estudo revisita Adorno desde o prisma do sentido de seu pensamento. A refer?ncia principal ? sua obra Minima moralia, um conjunto de 153 aforismos escritos entre os anos de 1944 e 1947. A relev?ncia filos?fica da referida obra apresenta como caracter?stica marcante o fato de ser contr?ria ? euforia. Por esse motivo, Nietzsche ? criticado como representante de uma mensagem excessivamente confiante com sua no??o de ci?ncia alegre. Em contrapartida, Adorno pauta sua cr?tica desde uma triste ci?ncia. Para tal, Adorno desmembra a potencialidade dial?tica do pensamento como dimens?o humana por excel?ncia, a qual distingue homem de natureza, homem de Deus. A prerrogativa inadi?vel ? de que o mundo humano tem de ser constru?do desde o sentido humano, ou seja, desde a consci?ncia do uso da raz?o. Assim, ? observado que a raz?o instrumental descaracteriza o humano e, por isso, ela produz o inumano. Rompendo com o uso instrumental da raz?o, Adorno busca uma produ??o cuja pr?xis esteja comprometida com a viabiliza??o racional do desenvolvimento humano. Por isso, o trabalho intelectual combina apenas com a decep??o. Nesse sentido, determinada sociologia do trabalho ? necessariamente questionada por Adorno. A produ??o humana ter de ser reavaliada, na medida em que se mostra capaz de estabelecer uma vida deformada, atrav?s de uma falsa humaniza??o oriunda do pensamento administrado. Adorno identifica a estupidez [Dummheit] como experimento de inibi??o intelectual, que provoca uma cultura semiformada [Halbbildung], a qual constitui uma cr?tica extremamente fraca ao contexto da falsa humaniza??o. Explorando o car?ter exclusivista da subjetividade moderna, o aparelho publicit?rio projeta falsas imagens para o sempre id?ntico. A produ??o humana se envolve nessa ess?ncia adulterada [Unwesen]. Um modelo de produ??o trabalho intelectual [Kopfarbeit] que sai desse la?o ? o ensaio, o qual luta conscientemente contra o m?todo cartesiano do conhecimento. O paradigma da reden??o [Erl?sung] se apresenta para Adorno na 7 tentativa de restabelecer a dimens?o consciente do pensamento: o ser humano que n?o destr?i seu sentido. Por essa raz?o, a filosofia pode ultrapassar o aspecto ut?pico, a pr?pria negatividade, tendo como argumento a urg?ncia do pensamento consciente. A tese aqui defendida ? a seguinte: a hist?ria somente se humaniza atrav?s de uma pr?xis verdadeiramente delicada em contraponto com a pot?ncia dial?tica do pensamento.
39

O processo cognitivo no tractatus de intellectibus e na dialectica de Pedro Abelardo

Dias, Cl?ber Eduardo dos Santos 17 July 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:55:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 394334.pdf: 644705 bytes, checksum: f50e67f343c45f2182e87697d6cab717 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-17 / Atrav?s da exposi??o dos conte?dos do Tractatus de intellectibus em di?logo com a Dialectica e com as demais obras de Pedro Abelardo (1079-1142), servindo-nos dos coment?rios e das cr?ticas ?s suas obras, assumimos como objetivo de nossa investiga??o apresentar as ra?zes l?gico-gramaticais que originaram o Tractatus e deram suporte ? chamada ontologia abelardiana. Discutimos a quest?o dos nomes universais para compreendermos os seus fundamentos aristot?lico-boecianos daquela ontologia e apresentamos os elementos l?gico-gramaticais priscianianos para compreendermos os fundamentos de uma teoria lingu?stica subjacente ao tema das intelec??es. Apresentamos uma proposta de edi??o cr?tica e tradu??o do Tractatus de intellectibus antecedida pela nossa exposi??o daquela obra e de nossa proposta de atribui??o definitiva a Pedro Abelardo
40

Discurso humor?stico-preconceituoso como cr?tica social? : o caso da Senhora dos Absurdos

Gomes, Graziella Steigleder 19 December 2017 (has links)
Submitted by PPG Letras (letraspg@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-22T12:55:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Graziella.pdf: 3225430 bytes, checksum: 2dddb2cb19affaa83f3cf1b4b53c66e0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-02-26T19:12:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Graziella.pdf: 3225430 bytes, checksum: 2dddb2cb19affaa83f3cf1b4b53c66e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-26T19:15:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Graziella.pdf: 3225430 bytes, checksum: 2dddb2cb19affaa83f3cf1b4b53c66e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The object of our scrutiny is one humorous-prejudiced sketch broadcast by the television channel Multishow, which can, alternatively, also be viewed via internet and all digital means at our disposal, such as smart phone apps, tablets, etc. We chose as the theme of our research the television show called 220 Volts, which aired 5 seasons, from 2011 to 2016. More specifically, we will work with one sketch (season 2, episode 9) by the character entitled Senhora dos Absurdos (Lady of Absurd, in a free translation). We can see in this character's speech all sorts of prejudice. She speaks against indians, black people, the obese, illiterates, elders and homosexuals, among other minorities. We will focus our attention particularly on the prejudice against women, men, indians and black people. Considering the relation between humor and prejudice found in Senhora dos Absurdos, our research question, therefore, is: how the discourse of a sketch which is considered humorous-prejudiced can create meaning relations towards a possible social critic? Our objective is to observe how discourses as found in the sketch which consists our corpus, besides aiming to be comical, can be used to legitimate social exclusion, even though they seek to promote a potential social critic. As an analytical bias, we will make use of the theory postulated by the Bakhtin Circle, especially with regard to the notions of dialogism, utterance, sociocultural voices, ideological sign, and genres of discourse. The Bakhtnian theory, along with notions coming from connected areas (such as humor, prejudice, intolerance and stereotypes) will provide us with the basis to answer the question above. The present research is in consonance with the methodological propositions presented by Voloch?nov in Marxism and Philosophy of Language ([1929] 2017, p. 220), observing the inevitable relation among utterance, genres of discourse and the discursive communication spheres, as to perceive the complex dialogical construction of meanings in the humorous-prejudiced discourse. As a result, we hope that, with our study, we can contribute to the understanding of humor and prejudice as a social critic, evidencing the various clashes of sociocultural voices that are engendered in the particular discourse chosen as the object of this research. / Consiste em objeto de nosso escrut?nio um esquete humor?stico-preconceituoso veiculado pelo canal de televis?o Multishow, mas que, de forma alternativa, tamb?m pode ser assistido via internet e outros meios digitais que se encontram ? disposi??o do telespectador (aplicativo de celular, tablete etc.). Elegemos para reflex?o nesta pesquisa um esquete do programa televisivo chamado 220 Volts, que foi ao ar em 5 temporadas, de 2011 a 2016. Mais especificamente, trabalharemos com um esquete da personagem intitulada Senhora dos Absurdos (temporada 2, epis?dio 9). Percebe-se na fala dessa personagem preconceito contra, dentre outros, ?ndios, negros, obesos, analfabetos, idosos e homossexuais. Considerando a rela??o entre humor e preconceito em a Senhora dos Absurdos, procuramos desenvolver a seguinte quest?o norteadora: como o discurso de um esquete considerado humor?sticopreconceituoso pode criar rela??es de sentido voltadas para uma poss?vel cr?tica social? Assim, temos como objetivo tratar do preconceito voltado contra a mulher, o homem, o ?ndio e o negro, buscando observar como discursos como o encontrado no esquete em quest?o, al?m de procurarem promover o humor, podem servir como legitima??o para a exclus?o, ainda que busquem apresentar uma poss?vel cr?tica social. Quanto ao referencial te?rico, esta pesquisa respalda-se nos estudos do C?rculo de Bakhtin, principalmente no que tange a no??es como dialogismo, enunciado, vozes socioculturais, signo ideol?gico e g?neros do discurso. Esse aporte te?rico, junto a no??es de ?reas conexas que tratam de humor, preconceito, intoler?ncia e estere?tipos, fornecem embasamento para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. No que se refere ? metodologia, a presente reflex?o segue as orienta??es de Voloch?nov ([1929] 2017, p. 220), quanto ? observa??o da indissoci?vel rela??o entre enunciado, g?nero do discurso e esfera de comunica??o discursiva, de modo a observar a complexa constru??o dial?gica de sentidos no discurso humor?stico-preconceituoso. Com os resultados da pesquisa, esperamos contribuir para a compreens?o do humor que tematiza o preconceito com vistas ? cr?tica social, tendo em vista os diversos embates de vozes socioculturais que se engendram no discurso focalizado.

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