A desertificação pode ser tida como o processo mais avassalador de aniquilação de espécies vegetais e animais, e o território brasileiro se encontra à mercê desse processo não apenas pela expansão das areias do semiárido nordestino, mas pela expansão desértica que já acomete o Bioma Pampa. O processo de desertificação resulta do prejuízo das funções do solo em decorrência de condições geológicas, climáticas ou da atuação da pessoa. No caso do Bioma Pampa, a desertificação se origina da atuação e inserção da pessoa em um ecossistema já fragilizado por fatores geológicos, o que acaba por resultar em um processo artificial de formação desértica. Depois de iniciado, a atuação da pessoa é essencial para a contenção desse processo de degradação ecossistêmica total, que é autossuficiente. Reconhecendo a transcendência da pessoa e a necessidade de utilização dos bens ambientais em proveito coletivo emergiu no direito o princípio da Função Social da Propriedade, cujas ramificações fizeram nascer, mais especificamente, por reconhecimento à capacidade limitada de renovabilidade dos recursos naturais, o princípio da Função Socioambiental da Propriedade. Não obstante, é a pessoa que deverá empregar e exercer a propriedade socialmente. O proprietário, que é mero detentor da riqueza ambiental, também passa a deter uma Função Socioambiental, que é a de garantir que a propriedade será exercida de forma a satisfazer os interesses coletivos. Independentemente disso, ainda são violados os direitos inerentes ao Ambiente e violados os dispositivos de proteção ambiental, o que obriga o Estado a criar mecanismos de proteção e responsabilização pelo descumprimento pela pessoa das normas que remontam o contrato social, tal qual é o instituto da Responsabilidade Civil, que serve como meio de se atingir a recomposição do Ambiente e a educação ou adestramento da pessoa para práticas menos onerosas em relação ao Ambiente, não se olvidando que os bens ambientais pertencem também às pessoas que estão por vir. O exercício da Função Socioambiental da Propriedade pela pessoa pode indubitavelmente conter a expansão desértica, e é o passo a ser dado para que se atinja a sustentabilidade. Há que se reconhecer, ainda, que o Bioma Pampa, onde a desertificação se propaga, é o centro cultural comum que irá permitir a Integração dos países do MERCOSUL, bem como poderá ele próprio ser beneficiado pelo processo de Integração, considerando-se que poderia ser tutelado por legislação ambiental comum aos países nos quais ele está presente. Sem Integração as normas de proteção do Pampa se limitarão à sua extensão no território brasileiro, o que não impedirá a propagação desértica. As consequências do descontrole da formação desértica antrópica que acomete esse bioma é uma mostra de um comportamento que poderá ensejar o fim da espécie humana como a conhecemos. Todavia, embora seja a pessoa a destruir o Ambiente, quando iniciado o processo de desertificação apenas ela poderá conte-lo, essa é a sua função socioambiental. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-06-02T16:07:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Micael Meurer.pdf: 1461535 bytes, checksum: e450c67ecbe2a3b9224e1da3cace3c27 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-02T16:07:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Micael Meurer.pdf: 1461535 bytes, checksum: e450c67ecbe2a3b9224e1da3cace3c27 (MD5) / The desertification can be understood like the process more conqueror of annihilation of vegetable and animal sorts. What somewhat is known the fact is that the Brazilian territory is at the mercy of this process you do not just for the expansion of the sands of the northeastern semiarid, but for the expansion of the sands that already attacks the Pampa ecosystem. The process of desertification results from the damage of the functions of the ground as a result of geological, climatic conditions or from the acting of the person. In case of the Pampa ecosystem, the desertification it is given rise of the acting and insertion of the person in an ecosystem already weakened by geological factors, which turns again in an artificial process of desertic formation. Before determined region reaches all the characteristics of a desert, meantime, the ground starts to demonstrate signs of fragility that must be recognized so that the process of desertification is not propagated, moment in which there will have to be checked the forms of economical destination of the properties. After initiate, the acting of the person is essential for the restriction of this process of totally ecosystemic degradation, that supports itself. Recognizing the transcendence of the person and the necessity of use of the environmental property in collective advantage surfaced in the right the idea of the Social Function of the Property, which branching made being born, more specifically, for recognition to the limited capacity of renovation of the natural resources, the idea of the Function Social-Environmental of the Property. Nevertheless, when it is recognized what is the person who will have to employ and practice the property socially, the owner, holder of the environmental wealth, also it starts to detain a Function Social-Environmental, which is her of guaranteeing that the property will be practiced in the form to satisfy the collective interests. Independently of that, the rights inherent in the Environment are still violated like the devices of environmental protection were violated, which obliges the State to create mechanisms of protection and responsabilization for negation for the person of the standards originating from the social contract, like is the Civil Responsibility institute, what serves like a bit of are reached the recomposition of the Environment and the education of the person for less onerous practices regarding the Environment, time that the environmental poperties belong to the whole community, including the people who are coming. When the disastrous effects of a desertic formation were recognized, as well as when the obligations of the person were glimpsed for with the Environment, including those shown through the necessity of social exercise of the property, it is possible to discuss ways of restriction of the desertic formation. The Pampa ecosystem, where the desertification is propagated, is the cultural common centre that will be going to allow the Integration of the countries of the MERCOSUL, that own he will be able to be benefited by the process of Integration, being considered what might be protected by environmental common legislation to the countries that hold it. Nevertheless, without Integration the standards of protection will content themselves with the extension of Pampas in the Brazilian territory, which will not obstruct the desertic propagation. The consequences of get out of control and of the sloppiness regarding the antropic desertic formation what attacks this ecosystem and others for the world will compel again the people to act more for instinct that for sense of collectivism, which will be able to turn in the extinction of the human sort as we know.

Desertification is a serious problem in environments where it occurs, namely in dry lands (arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas). This type of degradation affects about one quarter of the land surface, with implications for environmental, economic, political, social and cultural order. The areas in Brazil susceptible to this process are located in the northeast region which is characterized by low rainfall index, high temperatures, severe water deficit, shallow and rocky soils and xerophytic vegetation. São Raimundo Nonato, which is the object of this study, is located in the semi-arid region of Piaui and is a susceptible area to desertification. This has led to the study of degradation / desertification in this area in order to assess the risk of physical deterioration and effective degradation. The risk of physical deterioration was evaluated using the following indicators: climate, rainfall erosivity, erodibility of soils and slopeness. The effective degradation was assessed by considering the indicators discussed above combined with the NDVI of the years 1987 and 2007. The results indicate that 8.3%, 81% and 10.7% of the area are at risk of a low, moderate and high physical deterioration. The effective degradation, taking into account the NDVI for 1987, indicates that 70% and 30% of the area have respectively moderate and high degradation. For the year 2007, the data indicate that 71% and 29% of the area have respectively moderate and high effective degradation. These data reveal a dynamic ecological equilibrium with a subtle trend of improvement in terms of environmental degradation, that is , in the process of desertification in the studied area, since there is a reduction of the class of high effective degradation. The decline and economic stagnation in the area were found during the analysis of major crops and effective livestock . These data revealed a decline in the planted area, productivity and effective livestock, both in number of heads and / or unit of animals. The decline of these indicators corroborates the statement of improvement of environmental conditions in the studied area. / A desertificação constitui um grave problema nos ambientes em que ocorre, qual seja as Terras Secas (áridas, semiáridas e subúmidas secas). Esse tipo de degradação afeta cerca de 1/4 da superfície terrestre, com implicações de ordem ambiental, econômica, política, social e cultural. No Brasil as áreas suscetíveis a esse processo localizam-se na região Nordeste caracterizada por baixos índices pluviométricos, elevadas temperaturas médias, acentuado déficit hídrico, solos rasos e pedregosos e vegetação xerofítica. O Núcleo de São Raimundo Nonato, objeto deste estudo, localizado no semi-árido piauiense constitui área suscetível à desertificação. Esta constatação conduziu ao estudo da degradação/desertificação desta área com o objetivo de avaliar o risco de degradação física e a degradação efetiva. O risco de degradação física foi avaliado a partir dos seguintes indicadores: índice climático, erosividade das chuvas, erodibilidade dos solos e a declividade. A degradação efetiva foi avaliada considerando os indicadores anteriormente citados combinados ao NDVI dos anos de 1987 e 2007. Os resultados indicam que 8,3%, 81% e 10,7% da área apresentam risco de degradação física baixo, moderado e alto. A degradação efetiva, considerando o NDVI para 1987, indica que 70% e 30% da área apresenta respectivamente degradação moderada e alta. Para o ano de 2007, os dados indicam que 71% e 29% da área apresenta respectivamente degradação efetiva moderada e alta. Esses dados revelam uma situação de equilíbrio ecológico dinâmico com uma sutil tendência de melhoria nas condições de degradação ambiental, ou seja, no processo de desertificação da área de estudo, posto a redução da classe de alta degradação efetiva. O declínio e a estagnação econômica da área foram constatados quando da analise das principais culturas e do efetivo de rebanhos. Esses dados revelaram redução da área plantada, da produtividade e do efetivo dos rebanhos em número de cabeças e de unidades animais. A queda desses indicadores corrobora a afirmativa de melhoria das condições ambientais da área de estudo.

A desertificação pode ser tida como o processo mais avassalador de aniquilação de espécies vegetais e animais, e o território brasileiro se encontra à mercê desse processo não apenas pela expansão das areias do semiárido nordestino, mas pela expansão desértica que já acomete o Bioma Pampa. O processo de desertificação resulta do prejuízo das funções do solo em decorrência de condições geológicas, climáticas ou da atuação da pessoa. No caso do Bioma Pampa, a desertificação se origina da atuação e inserção da pessoa em um ecossistema já fragilizado por fatores geológicos, o que acaba por resultar em um processo artificial de formação desértica. Depois de iniciado, a atuação da pessoa é essencial para a contenção desse processo de degradação ecossistêmica total, que é autossuficiente. Reconhecendo a transcendência da pessoa e a necessidade de utilização dos bens ambientais em proveito coletivo emergiu no direito o princípio da Função Social da Propriedade, cujas ramificações fizeram nascer, mais especificamente, por reconhecimento à capacidade limitada de renovabilidade dos recursos naturais, o princípio da Função Socioambiental da Propriedade. Não obstante, é a pessoa que deverá empregar e exercer a propriedade socialmente. O proprietário, que é mero detentor da riqueza ambiental, também passa a deter uma Função Socioambiental, que é a de garantir que a propriedade será exercida de forma a satisfazer os interesses coletivos. Independentemente disso, ainda são violados os direitos inerentes ao Ambiente e violados os dispositivos de proteção ambiental, o que obriga o Estado a criar mecanismos de proteção e responsabilização pelo descumprimento pela pessoa das normas que remontam o contrato social, tal qual é o instituto da Responsabilidade Civil, que serve como meio de se atingir a recomposição do Ambiente e a educação ou adestramento da pessoa para práticas menos onerosas em relação ao Ambiente, não se olvidando que os bens ambientais pertencem também às pessoas que estão por vir. O exercício da Função Socioambiental da Propriedade pela pessoa pode indubitavelmente conter a expansão desértica, e é o passo a ser dado para que se atinja a sustentabilidade. Há que se reconhecer, ainda, que o Bioma Pampa, onde a desertificação se propaga, é o centro cultural comum que irá permitir a Integração dos países do MERCOSUL, bem como poderá ele próprio ser beneficiado pelo processo de Integração, considerando-se que poderia ser tutelado por legislação ambiental comum aos países nos quais ele está presente. Sem Integração as normas de proteção do Pampa se limitarão à sua extensão no território brasileiro, o que não impedirá a propagação desértica. As consequências do descontrole da formação desértica antrópica que acomete esse bioma é uma mostra de um comportamento que poderá ensejar o fim da espécie humana como a conhecemos. Todavia, embora seja a pessoa a destruir o Ambiente, quando iniciado o processo de desertificação apenas ela poderá conte-lo, essa é a sua função socioambiental. / The desertification can be understood like the process more conqueror of annihilation of vegetable and animal sorts. What somewhat is known the fact is that the Brazilian territory is at the mercy of this process you do not just for the expansion of the sands of the northeastern semiarid, but for the expansion of the sands that already attacks the Pampa ecosystem. The process of desertification results from the damage of the functions of the ground as a result of geological, climatic conditions or from the acting of the person. In case of the Pampa ecosystem, the desertification it is given rise of the acting and insertion of the person in an ecosystem already weakened by geological factors, which turns again in an artificial process of desertic formation. Before determined region reaches all the characteristics of a desert, meantime, the ground starts to demonstrate signs of fragility that must be recognized so that the process of desertification is not propagated, moment in which there will have to be checked the forms of economical destination of the properties. After initiate, the acting of the person is essential for the restriction of this process of totally ecosystemic degradation, that supports itself. Recognizing the transcendence of the person and the necessity of use of the environmental property in collective advantage surfaced in the right the idea of the Social Function of the Property, which branching made being born, more specifically, for recognition to the limited capacity of renovation of the natural resources, the idea of the Function Social-Environmental of the Property. Nevertheless, when it is recognized what is the person who will have to employ and practice the property socially, the owner, holder of the environmental wealth, also it starts to detain a Function Social-Environmental, which is her of guaranteeing that the property will be practiced in the form to satisfy the collective interests. Independently of that, the rights inherent in the Environment are still violated like the devices of environmental protection were violated, which obliges the State to create mechanisms of protection and responsabilization for negation for the person of the standards originating from the social contract, like is the Civil Responsibility institute, what serves like a bit of are reached the recomposition of the Environment and the education of the person for less onerous practices regarding the Environment, time that the environmental poperties belong to the whole community, including the people who are coming. When the disastrous effects of a desertic formation were recognized, as well as when the obligations of the person were glimpsed for with the Environment, including those shown through the necessity of social exercise of the property, it is possible to discuss ways of restriction of the desertic formation. The Pampa ecosystem, where the desertification is propagated, is the cultural common centre that will be going to allow the Integration of the countries of the MERCOSUL, that own he will be able to be benefited by the process of Integration, being considered what might be protected by environmental common legislation to the countries that hold it. Nevertheless, without Integration the standards of protection will content themselves with the extension of Pampas in the Brazilian territory, which will not obstruct the desertic propagation. The consequences of get out of control and of the sloppiness regarding the antropic desertic formation what attacks this ecosystem and others for the world will compel again the people to act more for instinct that for sense of collectivism, which will be able to turn in the extinction of the human sort as we know.

Today over 80 million Egyptians and the majority of the country’s agricultural land are squeezed into an area the size of Stockholm county. This doesn’t have to be the case since Egypt also has an area about twice the size of Sweden covered by unutilized desert land. We have investigated how Egypt could use the endless resources of the sun and the sea water to colonize its own desert and give its citizens a chance to build a better future. Desertopia covers eight different scales, from the global (1:15 000 000) to the building construction (1:25) and uses architecture and urban design to deal with the issues of climate change, desertification, poverty and unemployment. Desertopia combines traditional vernacular building techniques with the latest climate technology to create a structure that can be used by common Egyptians to take charge of their own future. / Idag är över 80 miljoner egyptier och majoriteten av landets jordbruksmark ihopklämda på en yta motsvarande Stockholms län. Det skulle dock inte behöva vara så eftersom Egyptens landyta är dubbelt så stor som hela Sverige. En yta som dock är täckt av öken. Vi har undersökt hur Egypten skulle kunna använda de ändlösa resurserna solen och havsvattnet för att kolonisera sin egen öken och ge sina invånare chansen att bygga sig en bättre framtid. Desertopia täcker åtta olika skalor, från den globala (1:15 000 000) till den enskilda byggnadens konstruktion (1:25) och använder arkitektur och stadsbyggnad för att hantera klimatförändringen, ökenspridningen, fattigdomen och arbetslösheten. Desertopia kombinerar ökenklimatets traditionella byggnadstekniker med den senaste klimatteknologin för att skapa en struktur som kan användas av vanliga egyptier för att ta makten över sin egen framtid.

Cette recherche porte sur les origines et les effets de la dégradation de l’environnement dans le désert de Thar, au Rajasthan en Inde. Elle expose les processus politico-économiques qui conditionnent la gestion des ressources naturelles dans la région du Marwar depuis l’indépendance de l’Inde à aujourd’hui. Les modes de gestion des ressources environnementales et agraires dans le contexte du système jagirdari, un système foncier domanial qui prévalait dans la région avant l’indépendance de l’Inde, sont d’abord présentés. S’en suit une analyse de la manière dont les diverses idéologies liées au développement postcolonial ont reconfiguré le paysage socio-administratif et environnemental de la région. Ces transformations ont engendré des désordres écologiques qui ont donné lieu à une crise environnementale et agraire qui connaît son paroxysme avec les nombreux déficits pluviométriques qui sévissent depuis la dernière décennie dans la région. À partir d’une recherche de terrain effectuée dans la communauté de Givas, l’impact – au plan physique et métaphysique – de ces problèmes environnementaux sur la population locale est examiné. L’étude porte également sur les réponses à ces changements, soit les stratégies de subsistance adoptées par la population locale, de même que les interventions déployées par une organisation non gouvernementale et par l’État indien – à travers le National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA). L’analyse démontre que l’expérience de la dégradation de l’environnement, à travers ses effets et les stratégies d’adaptation qui s’en suivent, est tributaire de facteurs politiques, économiques et socioculturels et donc différenciée selon le genre, la classe et la caste. / This research focuses on the origins and the consequences of environmental degradation in the Thar Desert in the State of Rajasthan, India. It outlines the political and economic processes that have influenced how natural resources are managed in the region of Marwar since Indian independence. First are presented the modes of agrarian and natural resources management that were current during the jagirdari, the pre-independence land tenure system that prevailed in this region. This is followed by an analysis of how different ideologies of postcolonial development have reshaped the social, administrative and environmental landscape of this region. These changes have led to ecological disruptions which have given rise to an environmental and agrarian crisis that has now reached a critical point with the rainfall deficits of the past decade in this region. Based on field research conducted in the community of Givas, the implications – physical and metaphysical – of these environmental problems are analyzed. The study also looks at the responses generated in order to cope with these changes, namely the livelihood strategies adopted by the local people, as well as the interventions from a non-government organization and the Indian state – through the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA). The analysis reveals that the experience of environmental degradation, through its effects and responses, is conditioned by political, economic and sociocultural factors, and thus differentiated by gender, class and caste.

Les steppes algériennes sont situées entre le Sahara et la méditerranée. Le climat semi-aride autorise le développement d’une végétation naturelle et le maintien du pâturage. Ce milieu, à équilibre environnement fragile est le théâtre de changements, avec le déclin du nomadisme, la transformation des éleveurs en agro-pasteurs, l’extension de l’agriculture et l’urbanisation. Nous abordons ces points en articulant le passé au présent pour mettre en lumière le poids de l’activité d’élevage fortement enracinée dans la polarisation des tendances actuelles.Basé sur une méthode quantitative par télédétection et d’analyse d’un nombre important d’images satellitaires, ce travail capte les changements opérés sur les processus environnementaux et recherche des liens utiles d’interactions entre eux. L’analyse des précipitations par un indicateur spécialisé (SPI) révèle son caractère fluctuant. Les séquences sèches laissent des conséquences dommageables sur la végétation, l’activité humaine et la réactivation d’ensablement.Des changements spectaculaires sont observés, l’agriculture est sortie des endroits préférentiels pour conquérir de nouveaux espaces dans les plaines et terrasses. Le sable réapparaît occasionnellement, sa corrélation avec la sécheresse a pu être démontrée. L’ensablement s’amorce après la persistance de trois années sèches. En revanche, une année humide est suffisante pour réduire substantiellement la surface ensablée. C’est pourquoi, l’interaction entre l’activité hydrique et éolienne est analysée. Nous proposons un modèle d’échange sédimentaire, en introduisant la notion de recyclage sédimentaire, transport additionné et transport opposé.En termes d’aménagement, les mesures protectrices a priori sont privilégiées à la gestion postérieure des impacts de la dégradation. Par ailleurs, la gestion prospective est abordée à travers l’exploitation des données de prévisions météorologiques et l’identification des variations spectrales indicatrices de réactivation du processus d’ensablement dans l’imagerie satellitaire. / The Algerian steppes are located between the Sahara and the Mediterranean. The semi-arid climate allows the development of natural vegetation and the maintenance of pasture. This fragile environment is the scene of change, with the decline of nomadism, the transformation of pastoralists into agro-pastoralists, the extension of agriculture and urbanization. We approach these points by articulating the past to the present to highlight the weight of the livestock activity strongly rooted in the polarization of current trends.Based on a quantitative remote sensing and analysis method for large number of satellite images, this work captures changes in environmental processes and seeks useful links between them. The precipitation analysis by a specialized indicator (SPI) reveals its fluctuating nature. Dry sequences leave damaging consequences on vegetation, human activity and sand drift reactivation.Spectacular changes are observed, agriculture has emerged from preferential places to conquer new spaces in the plains and terraces. The sand occasionally reappears, its correlation with the drought could be demonstrated. The sand drift begins after the persistence of three dry years. On the other hand, a wet year is enough to substantially reduce the sand area. This is why the interaction between water and wind activity is analyzed. We propose a model of sedimentary exchange, introducing the concept of sedimentary recycling, added transport and opposite transport.In terms of management, anticipatory protective measures are favored for the later management of the impacts of degradation. Furthermore, the prospective management is approached through the exploitation of meteorological forecast data and the identification of spectral variations indicative of reactivation of the sand drift in satellite imagery.

Cette recherche porte sur les origines et les effets de la dégradation de l’environnement dans le désert de Thar, au Rajasthan en Inde. Elle expose les processus politico-économiques qui conditionnent la gestion des ressources naturelles dans la région du Marwar depuis l’indépendance de l’Inde à aujourd’hui. Les modes de gestion des ressources environnementales et agraires dans le contexte du système jagirdari, un système foncier domanial qui prévalait dans la région avant l’indépendance de l’Inde, sont d’abord présentés. S’en suit une analyse de la manière dont les diverses idéologies liées au développement postcolonial ont reconfiguré le paysage socio-administratif et environnemental de la région. Ces transformations ont engendré des désordres écologiques qui ont donné lieu à une crise environnementale et agraire qui connaît son paroxysme avec les nombreux déficits pluviométriques qui sévissent depuis la dernière décennie dans la région. À partir d’une recherche de terrain effectuée dans la communauté de Givas, l’impact – au plan physique et métaphysique – de ces problèmes environnementaux sur la population locale est examiné. L’étude porte également sur les réponses à ces changements, soit les stratégies de subsistance adoptées par la population locale, de même que les interventions déployées par une organisation non gouvernementale et par l’État indien – à travers le National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA). L’analyse démontre que l’expérience de la dégradation de l’environnement, à travers ses effets et les stratégies d’adaptation qui s’en suivent, est tributaire de facteurs politiques, économiques et socioculturels et donc différenciée selon le genre, la classe et la caste. / This research focuses on the origins and the consequences of environmental degradation in the Thar Desert in the State of Rajasthan, India. It outlines the political and economic processes that have influenced how natural resources are managed in the region of Marwar since Indian independence. First are presented the modes of agrarian and natural resources management that were current during the jagirdari, the pre-independence land tenure system that prevailed in this region. This is followed by an analysis of how different ideologies of postcolonial development have reshaped the social, administrative and environmental landscape of this region. These changes have led to ecological disruptions which have given rise to an environmental and agrarian crisis that has now reached a critical point with the rainfall deficits of the past decade in this region. Based on field research conducted in the community of Givas, the implications – physical and metaphysical – of these environmental problems are analyzed. The study also looks at the responses generated in order to cope with these changes, namely the livelihood strategies adopted by the local people, as well as the interventions from a non-government organization and the Indian state – through the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA). The analysis reveals that the experience of environmental degradation, through its effects and responses, is conditioned by political, economic and sociocultural factors, and thus differentiated by gender, class and caste.

A la croisée de l’anthropologie de la maladie et de l’anthropologie de la santé, cette thèse explore la diversité des savoirs et des pratiques de soins dédiés à la prévention ainsi qu’au traitement des problèmes de santé considérés comme spécifiquement féminins en France rurale. L’ethnographie a été menée sur la presqu’île du Médoc, territoire où l’imaginaire lié à la nature fait naître des représentations sur la population entre fantasmes et stigmates, et où se pose régulièrement la question de la désertification médicale, à l’instar d’autres campagnes françaises. Dans ce contexte, des observations et des entretiens qualitatifs ont été réalisés auprès d’une soixantaine de femmes et d’une quarantaine d’acteurs du soin aux profils variés, afin de dessiner les contours et les dynamiques du pluralisme thérapeutique local consacré aux « maux de femmes ». Cette catégorie opératoire regroupe l’ensemble des malaises, mal-être et maladies, souvent sensibles et tabous, qui m’ont été confiés par mes interlocutrices. La thèse éclaire les diverses logiques de recours aux soins qu’elles développent au cours de ces itinéraires thérapeutiques particuliers, constitués de soins biomédicaux, spécialisés ou non dans le domaine de la « santé sexuelle et reproductive », de soins non conventionnels et de soins domestiques. La réflexion globale porte sur la complémentarité des soins façonnée par les usagères du pluralisme thérapeutique au fil de leurs quêtes de soins efficaces, en même temps qu’elle questionne les quêtes de soi suscitées chez les femmes selon que les soins normalisent ou non leurs conduites, les rendent ou non actrices de leur santé, ou qu’ils réifient ou réinventent les normes de genre. / This thesis in medical anthropology explores the diversity of knowledge and care practices dedicated to prevention and treatment of health problems considered as specifically feminine in rural France. The ethnography was conducted in the Medoc peninsula, an area where nature related imaginary leads to representations between fantasy and stigmas from the local population. It is also an area discussed for its medical desertification alike other French rural areas. In this context, observations and qualitative interviews were conducted with about sixty women and forty care actors with various profiles in order to understand and present the contours and dynamics of local therapeutic pluralism dedicated to “women health issues”. This operational category stands for all illness, sickness and diseases, often sensitive, taboo and revealed to me in confidence. This thesis enlightens women’s diverse uses of healthcare in their singular therapeutic itineraries, made of biomedical care, specialized or not in the sexual and reproductive health sector, of non-conventional or alternative medicines and of domestic cares. The overall reflection addresses the complementarity of treatments developed by users of therapeutic pluralism in their quest for health, and questions women’s personal quest according to the way treatments normalize or not their practices, make them actor of their own health or not, or re-invent or re-conduct gender norms.