Ljus har möjligheten att förstärka, levandegöra och skapa karaktär på en plats. I ett flertal studier har det visats att ljus påverkar hur människan upplever känslor och atmosfär i både interiöra och exteriöra sammanhang. Utöver denna möjlighet som ljuset erbjuder riskerar byggnader och platser att bli överbelysta och förvrängda i sitt uttryck med dåligt planerad ljussättning. I miljöer med historiskt värde blir belysningsfrågan mer komplex på grund av avvägningen mellan att vårda de historiska värdena och att tillgodose dagens funktionella krav. Nya byggnadsverk planeras och byggs tätt anslutande till miljöer med kulturhistoriska värden och problematiken förstärks av att det i nuläget inte finns några lagar, standarder eller riktlinjer för belysning i sådana miljöer. I studien som genomförts undersöktes ljusdesigners och antikvariers perspektiv på belysning i moderna stadsområden och kulturmiljöer. Fallstudien utfördes genom observationer av Tändsticksområdet i Jönköping kombinerat med intervjuer. Intervjupersoner med ämneskunskap eller yrkeskategorier som ansetts vara relevanta till ämnet rekryterades. Observationer utfördes på plats av författarna för att skapa förståelse över områdets uppbyggnad och dess belysning. Rapporten presenterar resultaten av observationerna i Tändsticksområdet och intervjuerna. Observationerna utfördes enligt Percifal, Serial Vision samt Lynch stadsbildsanalys. Den generella upplevelsen av området ändrades dag- och kvällstid. Belysningsprinciperna och ljussättningen skiljde sig åt mellan områdena och en tydlig, fysisk gräns kunde identifieras i ljuset. Resultatet av intervjuerna gav en förståelse kring belysning från ett antikvariskt perspektiv. Ljussättning diskuteras inte aktivt av antikvarier men en medvetenhet kring ljusets effekter finns om frågan lyfts av externa parter. Historiserande formspråk på armaturer som harmonierar med den tänkta miljön kan rekommen-deras framför en exakt korrekt historisk armatur. Det framkom i intervjuerna att samverkan mellan ljusdesigners och antikvarier är önskvärt men inget som är frekvent återkommande i respektives dagliga arbete. Studien har begränsats av tidsramen och resultatens generaliserbarhet och tillämplighet diskuteras i rapporten. Semistrukturerade intervjuer gav möjlighet till fördjupning i vissa ämnen medan observationerna utfördes med hjälp av beprövade metoder. Författarna anser att fler studier behöver utföras i områden med kulturhistoriska värden kopplat till belysning för att bättre förstå hur ljus påverkar kulturmiljöer. / Light has the ability to enhance and create character in a place. In several studies, it has been shown that light affects how people experience emotions and atmosphere in both interior and exterior contexts. In addition to this opportunity that light offers, buildings and places run the risk of being overexposed and distorted in their expression with poorly planned lighting. In environments with historical value, lighting becomes more complex due to the tradeoff between preserving the historical values and meeting today's functional requirements. New buildings are planned and built closely connected to environments with cultural and historical values and the problem is reinforced by the fact that there are currently no laws, standards, or guidelines for lighting in such environments. In the present study, lighting designers' and antiquarian's perspectives on lighting in modern urban areas and cultural environments were investigated. The case study was carried out through observations of Tändsticksområdet in Jönköping combined with interviews. Interviewees with subject knowledge or professional categories considered to be relevant to the study were recruited. Observations were carried out on site by the authors to create an understanding of the area's structure and its lighting. The report presents the results of the observations in Tändsticksområdet and the interviews. The observations were carried out according to Percifal, Serial Vision and Lynch cityscape analysis. The general experience of the area changed during the day and evening. The lighting principles and lighting differed between the areas and a clear, physical boundary could be identified in the light. The results of the interviews provided an understanding of lighting from an antiquarian perspective. Lighting is not actively discussed by antiquarians, but there is an awareness of the effects of light if the issue is raised by external parties. Historical design language for luminaires that harmonize with the intended environment can be recommended over a precisely correct historic luminaire. It appeared in the interviews that collaboration between lighting designers and antiquarians is desirable, but not something that is frequently recurring in the respective daily work. The study has been limited by the time frame and the generalizability and applicability of the results are discussed in the report. Semistructured interviews provided the opportunity for indepth study of certain topics, while the observations were carried out using proven methods. The authors believe that more studies need to be carried out in areas with cultural historical values linked to lighting to better understand how light affects cultural environments.

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Este trabalho propõe um estudo do planejamento gráfico/editorial no jornalismo impresso moderno. A partir de uma pesquisa comparada, entre comunicação visual e jornalismo, percorre-se os caminhos do desenvolvimento da linguagem jornalística para em seguida analisar a questão dos conteúdos e sua representação/interpretação gráfica. Com base na experiência nacional, observam-se alguns casos de jornais e revistas desde a primeira metade do século XX até hoje, com as recentes reformas dos jornais Folha de S. Paulo e O Estado de S. Paulo. Sugerindo o tema da encomenda gráfica como possível instrumento de pesquisa, analisa-se os termos de atuação dos projetos gráficos à luz, inclusive, das profundas mudanças ocorridas nas últimas décadas, quando projetos de jornais são encomendados a mega-escritórios especializados em jornalismo gráfico. / Graphic/editorial planning for modern printed journalism is the proposal of this research. Beginning with a comparative study between visual communication and journalism, the development of journalistic language is followed to continue with an analysis of the issue of contents and graphic representation/interpretation. Based upon Brazilian experience some newspapers and magazines from the first half of the 20th Century to date are examined including recent newspaper redesigns of the Folha de S. Paulo and O Estado de S. Paulo. Proposing the subject of graphics on order as a possible research approach, development sequences of graphic projects are analyzed. This includes the extensive changes that have taken place over the last few decades when projects for newspapers are been ordered from mega-specialists in graphic journalism.

The difficulties of system design are persistentlyincreasing due to the integration of more functionality on asystem, time-to-market pressure, productivity gap, andperformance requirements. To address the system designproblems, design methodologies build system models at higherabstraction level. However, the design task to map an abstractfunctional model on a system architecture is nontrivial becausethe architecture contains a wide variety of system componentsand interconnection topology, and a given functionality can berealized in various ways depending on cost-performancetradeoffs. Therefore, a system design methodology must provideadequate design steps to map the abstract functionality on adetailed architecture. MASIC—Maths to ASIC—is a system design methodologytargeting DSP applications. In MASIC, we begin with afunctional model of the system. Next, the architecturaldecisions are captured to map the functionality on the systemarchitecture. We present a systematic approach to classify thearchitectural decisions in two categories: system leveldecisions (SLDs) and implementation level decisions (ILDs). Asa result of this categorization, we only need to consider asubset of the decisions at once. To capture these decisions inan abstract way, we present three transaction level models(TLMs) in the context of DSP systems. These TLMs capture thedesign decisions using abstract transactions where timing ismodeled only to describe the major synchronization events. As aresult the functionality can be mapped to the systemarchitecture without meticulous details. Also, the artifacts ofthe design decisions in terms of delay can be simulatedquickly. Thus the MASIC approach saves both modeling andsimulation time. It also facilitates the reuse of predesignedhardware and software components. To capture and inject the architectural decisionsefficiently, we present the grammar based language of MASIC.This language effectively helps us to implement the stepspertaining to the methodology. A Petri net based simulationtechnique is developed, which avoids the need to compile theMASIC description to VHDL for the sake of simulation. We alsopresent a divide and conquer based approach to verify the MASICmodel of a system. Keywords:System design methodology, Signal processingsystems, Design decision, Communication, Computation, Modeldevelopment, Transaction level model, System design language,Grammar, MASIC.

<p>The difficulties of system design are persistentlyincreasing due to the integration of more functionality on asystem, time-to-market pressure, productivity gap, andperformance requirements. To address the system designproblems, design methodologies build system models at higherabstraction level. However, the design task to map an abstractfunctional model on a system architecture is nontrivial becausethe architecture contains a wide variety of system componentsand interconnection topology, and a given functionality can berealized in various ways depending on cost-performancetradeoffs. Therefore, a system design methodology must provideadequate design steps to map the abstract functionality on adetailed architecture.</p><p>MASIC—Maths to ASIC—is a system design methodologytargeting DSP applications. In MASIC, we begin with afunctional model of the system. Next, the architecturaldecisions are captured to map the functionality on the systemarchitecture. We present a systematic approach to classify thearchitectural decisions in two categories: system leveldecisions (SLDs) and implementation level decisions (ILDs). Asa result of this categorization, we only need to consider asubset of the decisions at once. To capture these decisions inan abstract way, we present three transaction level models(TLMs) in the context of DSP systems. These TLMs capture thedesign decisions using abstract transactions where timing ismodeled only to describe the major synchronization events. As aresult the functionality can be mapped to the systemarchitecture without meticulous details. Also, the artifacts ofthe design decisions in terms of delay can be simulatedquickly. Thus the MASIC approach saves both modeling andsimulation time. It also facilitates the reuse of predesignedhardware and software components.</p><p>To capture and inject the architectural decisionsefficiently, we present the grammar based language of MASIC.This language effectively helps us to implement the stepspertaining to the methodology. A Petri net based simulationtechnique is developed, which avoids the need to compile theMASIC description to VHDL for the sake of simulation. We alsopresent a divide and conquer based approach to verify the MASICmodel of a system.</p><p><b>Keywords:</b>System design methodology, Signal processingsystems, Design decision, Communication, Computation, Modeldevelopment, Transaction level model, System design language,Grammar, MASIC.</p>

Este trabalho propõe um estudo do planejamento gráfico/editorial no jornalismo impresso moderno. A partir de uma pesquisa comparada, entre comunicação visual e jornalismo, percorre-se os caminhos do desenvolvimento da linguagem jornalística para em seguida analisar a questão dos conteúdos e sua representação/interpretação gráfica. Com base na experiência nacional, observam-se alguns casos de jornais e revistas desde a primeira metade do século XX até hoje, com as recentes reformas dos jornais Folha de S. Paulo e O Estado de S. Paulo. Sugerindo o tema da encomenda gráfica como possível instrumento de pesquisa, analisa-se os termos de atuação dos projetos gráficos à luz, inclusive, das profundas mudanças ocorridas nas últimas décadas, quando projetos de jornais são encomendados a mega-escritórios especializados em jornalismo gráfico. / Graphic/editorial planning for modern printed journalism is the proposal of this research. Beginning with a comparative study between visual communication and journalism, the development of journalistic language is followed to continue with an analysis of the issue of contents and graphic representation/interpretation. Based upon Brazilian experience some newspapers and magazines from the first half of the 20th Century to date are examined including recent newspaper redesigns of the Folha de S. Paulo and O Estado de S. Paulo. Proposing the subject of graphics on order as a possible research approach, development sequences of graphic projects are analyzed. This includes the extensive changes that have taken place over the last few decades when projects for newspapers are been ordered from mega-specialists in graphic journalism.

Ce travail de recherche porte sur la spécification et l’opérationnalisation des scénarios pédagogiques sur les plateformes de formation à distance dans une perspective d'ingénierie et de réingénierie des EIAH (Environnements Informatique pour l’Apprentissage Humain). En se situant dans une approche centrée plateformes, nous supposons que les plateformes disposent de leur propre paradigme de conception. Pour cela, nous proposons aux développeurs et à la communauté de développement des plateformes un processus spécifique d’identification et d’explicitation du langage de conception pédagogique des plateformes de formation par le biais d’un métamodèle. Nous exploitons l’approche outillée Domain-Specific Modeling comme cadre pratique pour le développement de langages et d'outils de conception graphiques basés sur le métamodèle du langage de conception pédagogique. Afin de répondre à des besoins récurrents d'opérationnalisation de scénarios pédagogiques, nous utilisons également ce métamodèle pour la spécification des modules d’import/export intégrés au sein des plateformes. Ces modules permettent d’opérationnaliser les scénarios conformes au langage identifié et également d’exporter les scénarios existants sur les plateformes afin de permettre leur adaptation par les outils développés. Nous avons expérimenté nos propositions théoriques sur deux plateformes de formation Moodle et Ganesha. Enfin, nous avons vérifié la cohérence de notre approche par la mise à l’essai des outils développés. Par le biais de notre approche, nous favorisons une opérationnalisation de ces scénarios sans pertes d’information ni de sémantique. / In the engineering and reengineering perspective of Technology Enhanced Learning, our research work concerns the specification and the operationalization of learning scenarios on learning platforms. By positioning in an approach centered LMS instructional design, we suppose that each learning platform has its own instructional design language. So, we propose a specific process for its identification and formalization through a metamodel. Based on this metamodel, we use the Domain-Specific Modeling approach as a practical framework for the development of languages and graphical design tools. This metamodel is also used to specify the import/export modules that are integrated into the platforms in order to meet the recurring needs of the operationalization of learning scenarios. These modules allow also the extraction of the existing scenarios on platforms to enable their adaptation on the developed tools. Our theoretical propositions have been tested on two learning platforms: Moodle and Ganesha. On the other hand, the consistency of our approach was checked and validated by implementing and testing the developed tools. Through our approach, we promote scenarios operationalization without loss of information or semantics.

Denna uppsats undersöker hur processen ser ut för att ta fram ett varumärkesspecifikt formspråk. Ett behov av en strukturerad process kan urskiljas, och genom att förstå hur ett varumärkesspecifikt formspråk kan tas fram, finns möjligheten till en ökad vinst för företag samt att förstärka deras kundrelationer. Ett varumärkesspecifikt formspråk kan bidra till en närmare relation mellan företaget, dess produkter eller tjänster, och dess slutkunder, vilket ger en möjlighet att kommunicera externt och skapa en starkare position i kundernas medvetande. Studien fokuserar främst på ett specifikt företag, ROL Ergo, som är en av marknadens största leverantörer av höj- och sänkbara bordsstativ. Företaget har ännu inte utvecklat ett eget formspråk, men med sin tillväxt följer behovet av en enhetlig produktportfolio, det vill säga ett varumärkesspecifikt formspråk. Två frågeställningar har tagits fram och valts att bygga denna rapport runt. Dessa undersöker hur processen ser ut för att ta fram ett varumärkesspecifikt formspråk (med fokus på produktdesign) och vad det finns för möjligheter att ta fram ett varumärkesspecifikt formspråk och samtidigt uppfylla kundspecifika krav. Således är målet för examensarbetet att, bortsett från att besvara frågeställningarna, genomföra processen och därmed skapa ett varumärkesspecifikt formspråk för ROL Ergo och på så sätt adressera problemet med den bristande ingenkänningen av ROL Ergo som varumärke av deras slutkunder. För att uppnå dessa mål krävdes information både från ROL Ergo samt företag och personer med kunskap om processen. Denna information erhölls genom intervjuer med nyckelpersoner. För att gå in mer på djupet, samlades ytterligare information in genom litteraturstudier med grund i produktdesign i de teoretiska områdena produktutveckling, industriell design och marknadsföring. Resultatet pekar på en möjlighet att utveckla en standardiserad process för att ta fram ett varumärkesspecifikt formspråk. Baserat på litteraturstudierna samt datainsamlingen tycks processen bestå av tre steg, vilka är; definiera varumärket, definiera produkten och definiera formen. Efter validering av den föreslagna processen kan denna användas som grund för fortsatt forskning om framtagning av ett varumärkesspecifikt formspråk. Det kan finnas en möjlighet att utveckla processen på en mer detaljerad nivå och i användning av specifika metoder. Tillämpligheten av processen i olika företag bör även valideras. Processen ses som allmängiltig, med andra ord inte begränsad till specifika företag eller produkter. Trots att de intervjuade personerna var verksamma inom business-to-consumer området så tros processen vara tillämpbar äver för företag inom business-to-business området, men behovet av detta kan undersökas ytterligare. Bristen på information som kunde hittas om processer för att ta fram varumärkesspecifika formspråk samt resultaten från intervjuerna indikerar novation av resultatet angående processen i denna rapport. / This paper explores the process of developing a visual brand language. With the need for a structured process and the opportunity to both increase profit as well as creating a company-customer relation, understanding how a visual brand language is implemented becomes crucial. The visual brand language allows for a closer relation between the company, its products or services, and the end customer, enabling a firm to communicate and be recognized externally. This study focuses namely on one company, ROL Ergo, which is one of the world’s largest suppliers of custom-made ergonomic table stands. The company has not yet developed a visual brand language, but with its growth, there is an ascending need for consistency in the product portfolio, i.e. a visual brand language, with which the company can communicate in the market. Two research questions have emerged and are addressed throughout this thesis. These explore what the process of developing a visual brand language is (focusing on product design) and how to create a visual brand language and at the same time meet customer specific requirements.Thus, the objectives for the master thesis work are, apart from answering the research questions regarding the process of developing a visual brand language, to implement the process and hence, create a visual brand language for ROL Ergo and by doing so address their issue of not attaining the desired recognition by their end customers. To meet the objectives information was required both from ROL Ergo and companies with knowledge about the process. This information has been obtained by interviewing key people within the organizations. Additional data was obtained through literature studies to elaborate more in depth. The literature used had foundation in design drawn from theoretical fields of product development, industrial design and marketing. The result indicates that there are possibilities to acquire a standardized process that could be used to develop a visual brand language. Based on literature review and data collection the process consists of three major steps, which are; defining the brand, defining the product and defining the shape. Upon validation, this process serves as a basis for further research on the process of creating a visual brand language. There might be an opportunity in developing the process into a more detailed process with more specified methods to use. The process should also be validated further in terms of applicability for different companies. The process could be generally applicable, in other words not restricted to certain companies or products. Even though the interviewees were all in the business-to-consumer area, the process might be applicable even for suppliers or business-to-business companies but the need for it can be investigated further.

This study is a case study within Media Technology at Malmö University that explores the gap between design and technology in the Graphic Design course. The study uses the concept of Critical Making and how that can be used to develop a design process learning method in higher education programs, where designing and making artifacts are in focus. The aim is to implement Critical Making in order to allow students to gain deeper understanding and evaluate their material choices and their own reflections in the design process. To achieve the implementation of Critical Making the study uses didactics as a pedagogical approach. The key elements in Critical Making as a design process learning method build on context, reflection, material choice and design process that all form a common design language between students and teachers to exchange knowledge and experiences in future media productions. The common design language is shaped through open assignments, supervision and reflection from the students' material choices and context of the media production they work with during the design process. The findings in the study are also presented as a digitally interactive poster that uses Augmented Reality to show videos and images for the user.

Master of Science / Department of Computing and Information Sciences / John Hatcliff / Medical devices are safety-critical systems whose failure may put human life in danger. They are becoming more advanced and thus more complex. This leads to bigger and more complicated code-bases that are hard to maintain and verify. Model-driven development provides high-level and abstract description of the system in the form of models that omit details, which are not relevant during the design phase. This allows for certain types of verification and hazard analysis to be performed on the models. These models can then be translated into code. However, errors that do not exist in the models may be introduced during the implementation phase. Automated translation from verified models to code may prevent to some extent. This thesis proposes approach for model-driven development and verification of medical devices. Models are created in AADL (Architecture Analysis & Design Language), a language for software and hardware architecture modeling. AADL models are translated to SPARK Ada, contract-based programming language, which is suitable for software verification. Generated code base is further extended by developers to implement internals of specific devices. Created programs can be verified using SPARK tools. A PCA (Patient Controlled Analgesia) pump medical device is used to illustrate the primary artifacts and process steps. The foundation for this work is "Integrated Clinical Environment Patient-Controlled Analgesia Infusion Pump System Requirements" document and AADL Models created by Brian Larson. In addition to proposed model-driven development approach, a PCA pump prototype was created using the BeagleBoard-xM device as a platform. Some components of PCA pump prototype were verified by SPARK tools and Bakar Kiasan.