In the present paper, the potential of corpus-linguistic research is put into action. More specifically, a corpus-based demonstration of the general style used in rock lyrics is formed in order to identify the genre-specific features. A corpus consisting of roughly 53 000 words was created for this research. The focus lies on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the vocabulary as well as of the stylistic markers. The aim of this essay is to investigate the language used in the lyrics of rock music lyrics and the results of the research illustrate in what ways rock lyrics are either more spoken-like or written-like; whether rock lyrics mirror the general word usage in society, and in what ways rock music is comparable to other genres. Using the rock lyrics corpus (ROLC), trends within rock lyrics were retraced diachronically. Results show that rock lyrics, to some extent, follow the general word usage. However, other results also contradict this. Further research in this area is therefore encouraged.  Findings show that rock music shares features with other genres, but also that that rock has some unique features.  Developments and stagnations were detected in regards to word usage. These features are examined in order to find an explanation.

[...] Nos principales contributions peuvent être résumées en trois points :1. la proposition d’un système de classification de documents centrés sur les entités à l’aide d’un profil d’entité et de méta critères dans le contexte de filtrage de documents. Nous avons mis en place une approche qui est indépendante des entités et qui utilise les principes du transfert de connaissances. En effet, notre approche permet l’apprentissage à partir d’un ensemble de données annotées pour un pool d’entités tout en étant capables de catégoriser des documents concernant des entités pour lesquels aucune donnée annotée n’a été fournie ;2. la proposition d’un nouveau modèle de langue diachronique pour étendre la définition de profil d’entité afin de permettre la mise à jour de celui-ci. En effet, le suivi d’une entité nommée implique de pouvoir distinguer une information déjà connue d’une information nouvelle. Le modèle de langue diachronique permet la mise à jour automatique du profil d’entité tout en minimisant le bruit apporté ;3. la proposition d’une méthode pour découvrir la popularité d’une entité afin d’améliorer la cohérence d’un modèle de classification sur tous les aspects temporels liés à une entité. Pour détecter l’importance d’un document au regard d’une entité, nous proposons d’utiliser, entre autres, des indicateurs temporels qui peuvent varier d’une entité à l’autre. Nous proposons de regrouper les entités en fonction de leur popularité sur le Web à chaque instant pour tenter d’améliorer la cohérence des modèles et ainsi augmenter les performances des classificateurs.[...] / [...] Our main contributions are:1. We propose an entity centric classification system, which helps finding documents that are related to an entity based on its profile and a set of meta criteria. We propose to use the classification result to filter out unrelated documents. This approach is entity independent and uses transfer learning principles. We trained the classification system with a set of annotated concerning a set of entities and we categorized documents that concerns other entities;2. We introduce a diachronical language model, which extends our definition of entity profile in order to add to the capability of updating an entity profile. Tracking an entity implies to distinguish between a known piece of information from a new one. This new language model enables automatic update of entity profile while minimizing the noise;3. We develop a method to detect the entity popularity in order to enhance the coherence of a classification model concerning temporal aspects. In order to detect the importance of a document regarding an entity, we propose to use temporal sensors, which may vary from an entity to another. We cluster entities sharing the same amount of popularity on the Web at each time t to enhance the coherence of classification model and thus improve classifier performances.[...]

The research focuses on the contraband´s spatial interactions that arise front to spatial structure, organization and pre existing complementary links, we identified through a diachronic analysis, establishing our field of study as the geographic area we call Trinational Macro Region: southern Peru, northern Chile and western Bolivia. This activity generates spatial dynamics and flows that are developed in the context of globalization and these exploit existing comparative advantages, i.e. the status of being neighbouring countries, the strategic location with respect to South America and the rest of the world, the communication channels, the absence of the state in these regions and price differentiation between licit products and contraband ones. These dynamic and flows, these are spatialize under various strategies adopted to transport contraband, storage and distribution of products. / La investigación se centra en las interacciones espaciales del contrabando que surgen frentea una estructura espacial, organización y vínculos de complementariedad preexistentes, que identificamos mediante un análisis diacrónico, estableciendo como nuestro campo de estudio el área geográfica que denominamos macrorregión trinacional: el sur del Perú, el norte de Chiley el noroeste de Boliva. Esta actividad genera dinámicas espaciales y flujos que se desarrollan en el contexto de la globalización y aprovechan las ventajas comparativas existentes, es decir, la condición de ser países fronterizos, la localización estratégica con respecto a América del Sur y el resto del mundo, las vías de comunicación, la débil presencia del Estado en estas regiones y la diferenciación de precios entre los productos lícitos y los de contrabando. Estas dinámicas y flujos se espacializan bajo diversas estrategias que adopta el contrabando para el traslado, almacenamiento y distribución de los productos.

Il presente lavoro propone un percorso terminologico inteso a tracciare l’evoluzione generale della terminologia delle fibre tessili in francese dal Settecento in avanti, con un’attenzione particolare alle neoformazioni nel dominio delle fibre tessili chimiche. In linea con i principi fondamentali degli studi più avanzati nel campo della terminologia diacronica, il lavoro si propone di rendere conto dell’evoluzione terminologica nel dominio oggetto di studio, mettendo in evidenza il valore culturale dei termini e il legame con lo sviluppo tecnologico e il contesto socioeconomico. Lo studio è articolato in cinque capitoli aventi per oggetto, rispettivamente: la descrizione del quadro teorico di riferimento, l’analisi dei principali studi sui tessili e le fibre tessili pubblicati in francese in due periodi - dal XVIII al XIX secolo e dal XX secolo fino ad oggi - , la costruzione del corpus di dominio e l’analisi linguistico-terminologica, focalizzata sui processi di formazione dei nomi delle fibre. In chiusura è presente un glossario contenente le schede terminologiche che analizzano i termini delle fibre tessili chimiche in francese e forniscono gli equivalenti in italiano e in inglese. / The thesis proposes a terminological path aimed at tracing the general evolution of French terminology relating to textile fibres from the 18th century onwards, with a specific focus on the formation of new terms in the domain of chemical textile fibres. In line with the fundamental principles of the most advanced studies in the field of diachronic terminology, the work aims to account for the evolution of terminology in the domain under study, highlighting the cultural value of the terms and the link with technological development and the socio-economic context. The study is divided into five chapters. The first chapter provides a description of the theoretical framework, while the second and third present analyses of the main French-published studies on textiles and textile fibres during two periods – from the 18th to 19th centuries and from the 20th century to the present, respectively. Chapter four presents a construction of the domain corpus, while the fifth chapter engages in a linguistic-terminological analysis, focused on the process of the formation of fibre names. At the end of the study is a glossary containing terminology sheets analysing the French terms given to chemical textile fibres, alongside equivalents in Italian and English.

No description available.

This study aims to analyze explicit politeness markers such as please and thank you in children’s movies using The Movie Corpus. Differences in use over time as well as between children’s movies and other genres of film are investigated, by extracting a variety of frequencies from the corpus for further analysis. The results show that politeness markers are, and have tended to be, more common in children’s movies than in other genres of film. However, the results also suggest that politeness markers are decreasing in frequency in both children’s movies and in other genres of film, but that the decreases are not consistent throughout all the decades analyzed. The study suggests that we seem to be moving towards a less polite society, or one where implicit politeness markers are preferred over explicit ones. In conclusion, it is suggested that further studies are needed to determine which results of this study that are exclusive to children’s movies rather than suggesting trends in film overall.

No description available.

How can the unique legacy of the most ancient of civilizations be represented within a single building? How can one building spans the area between heaven and earth, the space described in the cosmology of our pharonic ancestors? Certainly, to design such a building is a unique challenge, and an unprecedented opportunity, on this most privileged of sites in the history of mankind, that a museum is to be constructed capable of linking the immemorial past with the distant future spanning both the horizons of the ancients and those as yet unseen. Through the investigation of phenomenology, geometry, simplicity, purity and light, listening to the voice of silence, emerging to the light from the darkness, and by understanding the strength of simplicity after passing through complexity, This thesis offers an endless stream of ideas that challenge the mind. The vision for the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) is to establish a place where people from different nations and cultures will be able to immerse themselves in the rich culture heritage from more than 5.000 years of Egyptian civilization. With the support of new technology, more effective and efficient dissemination of information can be achieved, enabling the New Museum to be a source of enjoyable, entertaining, educational and cultural experiences for all visitors. This project aims at structuring a complex of exhibits and facilities, which will accommodate all Pharaonic periods, it will be the largest museum in the world, and will provide access to information and future knowledge. It results from the careful articulation of the problem and a subsequent ordering of constraints within the context of the competition proposal. / Master of Architecture

Les Systèmes de Santé, comme institution essentielle de l’état social, contribuent à la garantie et à l’amélioration du niveau du bien être et de la qualité de vie de la population. Le récepteur de ces politiques est l’ensemble social ou une partie de l’ensemble social. Il est clair, donc, qu’il est aussi important d’étudier les politiques de santé nationales que l’administration publique, puisque celle-ci joue un rôle dominant. Le contenu du Système de Santé, les modèles administratifs et les ressources disponibles caractérisent les politiques des états et se différencient des autres. La combinaison de la politique sociale avec le Système de Santé s’influence par les conditions économiques et sociales de chaque pays. L’évolution diachronique du Système de Santé depuis 1974 jusqu'à aujourd’hui, constitue le pylône principal de notre devoir. L’approche se fera à travers tous les rapports introductifs des lois de l’état grec. Nous allons analyser les sources primaires et utiliser tous les éléments qui ont un rapport avec le contenu du devoir. Les remarques seront illustrées dans les chapitres relatifs durant la progression du devoir. [...] / Health System as a fundamental institution of the welfare state aids in securing and improving the level of welfare and quality of life of the population. The addressees are the members of or the whole community. Therefore, it is made clear that it is important to study the health policies and public administration, whose role is dominant. The content of the Health System, the administration models and the resources available define the policies of the states and are differentiated as opposed to the rest. The combination of welfare policies and the Health System is affected by the economical and social condition of each country. The longitudinal evolution of the Health System from 1974 to 2008 is the main pillar of our study. The subject will be approached through all the explanatory reports of the laws of the Greek republic. The primary sources will be processed and information related to the content of the study will be drawn. [...]

This thesis investigates control infinitives and ECM-infinitives in the history of Swedish. Both constructions are non-finite, based on infinitives with or without complements, but share some properties and functions with finite subordinate clauses. Control infinitives (to-infinitives) are headed by the infinitive marker att (which in some cases may be omitted) and have invisible PRO-subjects (“controlled” by, i.e. co-referential with, the subject or object of the matrix), whereas ECM-infinitives are headed by overt subjects, distinguished by their “exceptional case marking” (ECM) from the matrix verb, and never contain the infinitive marker. According to the proposed analyses, conducted within the theoretical framework of generative grammar, control infinitives are CPs, taking the infinitive marker as a non-finite complementizer in C, but lack the TP of the I-domain, whereas ECM-infinitives have no C-layer but, nevertheless, a (sort of) TP. The historical investigation shows that control infinitives have developed more clause like properties over time. In Old Swedish (1220–1526), they only rarely contained e.g. negations or auxiliaries. It is not until the seventeenth century that these elements have come into use in the same way as in modern Swedish. This is accounted for by assuming that the control infinitive in Old Swedish was a recent innovation that did not initially make any use at all of the I-domain. The ECM-infinitives, on the other hand, are taken to have the same structure and function in Old Swedish as in Modern Swedish, as their use and properties have not changed significantly. In addition, the status of the infinitive marker has changed through the history of Swedish. Etymologically a preposition, it is here analysed as a verb phrase element in Early Old Swedish, not as a (non-finite) complementizer as in Modern Swedish. In early Modern Swedish (1526–1732), the preposition till is used in much the same function as att giving rise to two new infinitive markers: till att and till. This development of new infinitive markers is also accounted for in the thesis.