The object of the study is to follow and compare the development of the semantics of lexical units, which have the common Proto-Slavonic base and different meanings in modern languages. The development is studied within a time period ranging from the Proto-Slavonic period up to the modern language state. To cover all three representative groups of Slavic languages: West Slavic, East Slavic and South Slavic were selected the appropriate languages: Czech, Russian and Slovenian. The selection of lexical units is morphologically restricted. The research is focused on adjectives. The work contains theoretical and analytical part. The theoretical part specifies terminology and presents a number views on the potential significance of the development of lexical units in terms of diachronic lexicology. The analysis is devoted to the development and is categorized as follows: each of the twelve selected semantic groups includes sections devoted to Proto-Slavonic, Old Church Slavonic, Russian, Czech and Slovenian languages. Each group is enclosed with a brief summary.

Cette thèse vise à élucider les mécanismes du changement sémantique en diachronie courte (ou micro-diachronie) dans des corpus. Pour comprendre, analyser et modéliser la dynamique de ces changements et poser les jalons d’un traitement dynamique du langage, le corpus est segmenté en une série de périodes temporelles d’un mois. Ce travail utilise le modèle ACOM (de H. Ji), qui s’inscrit dans le paradigme des Atlas Sémantiques, un modèle géométrique de représentation du sens basé sur l’analyse factorielle des correspondances et la notion de cliques. Les questions de traitement statistique du langage et du sens, de modélisation et de représentation sont traitées conjointement aux questions d’ordre linguistique, psychologique, et sociologique, dans la perspective d’une analyse multidisciplinaire unifiée, telle que conçue par les sciences cognitives. Une démarche de détection et d’analyse du changement sémantique est proposée, accompagnée d’études de cas qui portent à la fois sur de la détection large et sur des détails précis, proposant différent niveaux de granularité. Le changement sémantique est traité comme un déploiement de la polysémie d’une part, et comme une conséquence des modes de communication liés aux médias actuels et à la diffusion de ceux-ci. Linguistique, sociologie et sciences de l’information se rencontrent dans l’étude de la fabrique de sens nouveaux et de mots nouveaux. L’analyse des réseaux sémantiques des termes étudiés montre la réorganisation constante des sens dans le temps et en capture quelques aspects fondamentaux. Les études de cas portent notamment sur le terme « malbouffe », sur le changement sémantique de l’élément de composition « bio- » et sur le glissement de sens observé pour le terme « mondialisation » par rapport à son quasi-synonyme « globalisation ». Un prototype informatique a été développé pour permettre le traitement de ces études et d’études futures. / This doctoral thesis aims at elucidating the mechanisms of semantic change in short diachrony (or micro-diachrony) in corpus. To understand, analyze and model the dynamics of these changes and lay the groundwork for dynamic language processing, the corpus is divided in a series of time periods of one month. This work uses H. Ji’s ACOM model, which is an extension of the Semantic Atlas, both of which are geometrical models of meaning representation based on correspondence factor analysis and the notion of cliques. Language and meaning statistical processing issues as well as modeling and representation issues are dealt with in conjunction with linguistic, psychological and sociological aspects from a holistic multidisciplinary perspective, as conceived by cognitive sciences. An approach of detection and analysis of semantic change is proposed along with case studies which deal both with large scale and precise detailed phenomena, therefore offering several levels of granularity. On the one hand, semantic change is dealt with as the deployment of polysemy in time, and on the other hand as a consequence of communication methods related to the media and the diffusion of such methods. Linguistics, sociology and information sciences all contribute to the study of the making of new meanings and new words. The analysis of the semantic networks of the studied items show the constant reorganization of meanings in time, and captures a few fundamental aspects of this process. The case studies focus primarily on the French term malbouffe (“junk food”), and on the semantic change of the element of composition bio-, as well as on the connotational drift of the French term mondialisation compared to its near-synonym globalisation (“globalization”). A prototype has been developed for these case studies as well as future studies.

Devoir et pouvoir, comme les verbes modaux d’autres langues, ont déjà fait l’objet d’une littérature abondante. Le fait qu’ils puissent recevoir des sens différents selon leur contexte d’emploi a particulièrement suscité l’attention des sémanticiens et des pragmaticiens. Cette thèse revient sur la question de la nature des différentes interprétations de devoir et pouvoir, et tente d’établir si leur plurivocité relève de la polysémie ou de la sous-spécification. L’hypothèse polysémique, la plus répandue dans la littérature française, implique qu’au moins le sens radical et le sens épistémique soient inscrits dans la langue et donc représentés en mémoire. Selon l’hypothèse de la sous-spécification, la multiplicité de sens relève de l’enrichissement contextuel d’un unique sens sous-spécifié stocké dans le lexique mental. L’état actuel des recherches, l’examen des différentes interprétations de devoir et pouvoir et de la sous-détermination potentielle de leur sens en contexte, comme l’étude de leur évolution sémantique en diachronie, ne permettent pas de falsifier l’une ou l’autre hypothèse. Des méthodes expérimentales, développées en psycholinguistique et en pragmatique expérimentale, sont donc convoquées. Notamment, l’examen des temps de traitement en lecture, dans une expérience d’eye tracking manipulant le sens et le contexte, suggère une représentation effectivement polysémique pour devoir, mais une représentation monosémique sous-spécifiée pour pouvoir. Devoir et pouvoir sont souvent traités ensemble, les études considérant que l’un constitue, dans son domaine modal, le pendant de l’autre. Nous relevons que le parallèle effectué n’est pas aussi motivé qu’il n’y paraît. / Devoir and pouvoir, as modal verbs in other languages, have already been the subject of extensive literature. The fact that they can convey different meanings depending on the specific context in which they occur is of particular interest to semanticists andpragmaticians. This thesis focuses on the nature of the various interpretations of devoir and pouvoir and attempts to ascertain whether their meaning multiplicity is a result of their polysemy or of their underspecified semantics. The polysemy hypothesis, which is the prevalent view in the French literature, implies that at least both the root sense and the epistemic sense fully belong to the linguistic system and hence that both are represented in memory. On the contrary, according to the underspecification model, contextual enrichment of a unique underspecified meaning stored in the mental lexicon accounts for meaning multiplicity. The current state of research, the review of the several possible interpretations of devoir and pouvoir, the investigation of potential meaning underdetermination in context, as well as the study of their semantic evolution in diachrony, do not allow us to rule out any of the two hypotheses. Experimental methods, developed in psycholinguistics and in experimental pragmatics, are thus used. Notably, analysis of processing times in reading in an eye tracking experiment in which both meaning and context are manipulated favours a polysemic representation for devoir, but a monosemic and underspecified representation for pouvoir. The two modal verbs are traditionally examined together since it is assumed that one matches the other in its own modal domain. This thesis casts doubt on this assumption.

Esta tese, apoiando-se no quadro de referência da Semiótica Tensiva, se propõe examinar a existência de uma gramática tensiva regedora das obras de vanguarda, que se põem sob a égide da \"tradição de rupturas\". Focalizando a descrição e a análise das operações formais dos objetos pictóricos, examina os traços heterogêneos constitutivos do objeto visual e sua estruturação, bem como o par opositivo continuidade (tradição) e ruptura (modernidade) na arte, com base nas relações entre formantes mínimos da gramática visual, que engendram uma gramática de continuidade (a função), responsável por duas subgramáticas, a de rompimento forte e a de rompimento fraco (funtivos). Daí as questões: seria a arte de vanguarda uma continuidade de rompimentos fracos ou de rompimentos fortes? De que tipo de rompimento se está falando quando se focalizam objetos estéticos do século XX? Toda ruptura constituiria um ato de rompimento, de maneira imediata, com todos os procedimentos da tradição, ou apenas a triagem de alguns procedimentos, preservando outros como elo entre o passado e o futuro? Dessas questões, depreendeu-se que a figuratividade é ponto central nas vanguardas ditas de ruptura. Tomada como parâmetro, a figuratividade seria um dos reguladores da continuidade pictórica de vanguarda, pois seria ela a característica que mais se acentua tanto em sua construção, como em sua desconstrução. No caso de rupturas progressivas (chamadas de rupturas em desenvolvimento), nem tudo é triado como eliminação: alguns traços tensivos são preservados. Observou-se atenuação da ruptura em traços reiterativos tanto de figurativização (diminuição de plasticidade), quanto de abstração (aumento de plasticidade). A tese está dividida em quatro capítulos. No capítulo 1, abordam-se tradição e ruptura nas artes plásticas, ou seja, continuidade e descontinuidade de valores estéticos. No capítulo 2, focaliza-se o pêndulo tensivo que contempla a oscilação entre plástico e figurativo, salientando valores de evolução e revolução. No capítulo 3, apoiando-se no plano da expressão, contemplam-se análises de estudos de caso e verificam-se predominâncias de plasticidade ou figuratividade, homologando-as com elementos do nível tensivo, como tonicidade e andamento. No capítulo 4, considera-se a emancipação plástica brasileira em relação à arte predominantemente europeia. Para reduzir o risco de viés teórico de ver na realidade apenas o que a teoria permite ver, bem como minimizar imperfeições analíticas, procedeu-se ao exame dos objetos estéticos considerando um percurso de dupla direção: da teoria ao objeto e do objeto à teoria. Foram comparados objetos de estéticas diferentes, objetos diferentes de uma mesma estética, objetos de um mesmo artista, mas postos em confronto e, por fim, um só objeto, considerando suas partes constitutivas. Para esse exame, além da teoria tensiva, serviram de base textos teóricos de artistas de variadas épocas, bem como manifestos teóricos. Esses procedimentos permitiram propor a substituição do conceito de ruptura pelo conceito de rompimento de dupla valência: uma de tônus mais forte e outra de tônus mais fraco, controladores da continuidade e da descontinuidade, que seriam reguladas por traços tensivos de mais e menos, duas forças que impediriam a chegada ao extremo do continuum. / This thesis, based on the reference framework of the Tense Semiotics, proposes to examine the existence of a tense grammar that rules the vanguard studies, which are placed under the aegis of the \"tradition of ruptures\". Focusing on the description and analysis of the formal operations of the pictorial objects, it examines the heterogeneous features constituting the visual object and its structuring, as well as the opposing pair continuity (tradition) and rupture (modernity) in art, based on the relationships between grammar, which generates a grammar of continuity (the function), responsible for two sub grammars, the one of strong rupture and the one of weak rupture (funtives). Hence the questions: would vanguard art be a continuation of weak disruptions or strong disruptions?What kind of breakthrough is being talked about when focusing on 20th century aesthetic objects? Would every rupture constitute an act of immediate rupture with all the procedures of the tradition, or only the screening of certain procedures, preserving others as a link between the past and the future? From these questions, it has been deduced that figurativeness is central to the so-called ruptured vanguards. Taken as a parameter, figurativity would be one of the regulators of the avant-garde pictorial continuity, since it would be the characteristic that is more accentuated both in its construction and in its deconstruction. In the case of progressive ruptures (called ruptures in development), not everything is classified as elimination: some tensile traces are preserved. It was observed attenuation of the rupture in repetitive traits of both figurativization (decrease of plasticity) and abstraction (increase of plasticity). The thesis is divided into four chapters. In chapter 1, tradition and rupture in the plastic arts are approached, that is, continuity and discontinuity of aesthetic values. In chapter 2, the tensile pendulum that contemplates the oscillation between plastic and figurative is focused, emphasizing values of evolution and revolution. In chapter 3, based on the expression plane, analyzes of case studies are contemplated and there are predominance of plasticity or figurativeness, homologating them with elements of the tensile level, such as tonicity and tempo. In chapter 4, the Brazilian plastic emancipation is considered in relation to the predominantly European art. In order to reduce the risk of a theoretical bias of actually seeing only what the theory allows us to see, as well as minimizing analytical imperfections, we proceeded to the examination of aesthetic objects considering a dual direction course: from theory to object and from object to theory. Objects of different aesthetics, objects different from the same aesthetics, objects of the same artist, but confronted, and finally, a single object, considering their constituent parts, were compared. For this examination, in addition to the tensive theory, theoretical texts of artists of various epochs, as well as theoretical manifestos, were used as basis. These procedures allowed proposing the replacement of the concept of rupture by the concept of double valence rupture: one of stronger tone and one of weaker tone, controllers of continuity and discontinuity, which would be regulated by tensor numbers of plus and minus two forces which would prevent the arrival at the extreme of the continuum.

Il presente lavoro si inserisce nel filone degli studi terminologici francesi con l’analisi della terminologia della moda, di cui è indagato, quale campo di ricerca privilegiato, il settore del vêtement d’extérieur. Viene adottato un modello descrittivo ampio, fondato sulla riconciliazione teorica e metodologica tra diacronia e sincronia e su un approccio interdisciplinare alla disciplina terminologica. Lo studio è articolato in due parti: la prima sezione è dedicata alla ricostruzione della terminologia del vêtement d’extérieur in diacronia. Dopo una premessa metodologica circa la redazione delle schede terminologiche, è tracciato il percorso che conduce, dal ristretto nucleo di unità terminologiche in antico francese, alla complessa rete lessicale nel francese contemporaneo. Nella seconda sezione, sono approfondite le dimensioni applicate, che vanno dall’elaborazione informatica di ontoterminologie allo studio della variazione terminologica in contesti professionali eterogenei, fino alla rassegna di prodotti lessicografici e terminografici della moda, in contesti di comunicazione monolingue e plurilingue. Infine, dopo aver enucleato l’approccio alla terminologia, si ripercorrono i risultati salienti della ricerca e si delineano ulteriori prospettive di indagine. / This work analyses the French terminology of fashion, particularly the field of the outerwear, within the framework of French terminological research. A broad descriptive model is adopted, based on the theoretical and methodological reconciliation between diachrony and synchrony, as well as on an interdisciplinary approach to terminology. The study is divided into two parts: the former is devoted to the historical reconstruction of the outerwear terminology. After a methodological introduction about term records, we trace the path leading from the small group of terminological units in Old French to the complex lexical network in contemporary French. In the latter section, the applied dimensions are explored, including the construction of “ontoterminologies”, the study of terminology variation in heterogeneous professional contexts, and the list of lexicographical and terminographic resources for fashion, both in monolingual and multilingual communication. Finally, the description of the approach to terminology is followed by the main results of the research and by further perspectives of study.

Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετήθηκε το θέμα της φωνηεντικής ιεραρχίας στην Ελληνική και τις διαλέκτους της και ο ρόλος της στην αντιμετώπιση της χασμωδίας. Η χασμωδία δημιουργείται στην ελληνική λόγω της γειτνίασης φωνηέντων και λύνεται μέσω φωνολογικών διαδικασιών όπως η έκθλιψη, η αφαίρεση, η εισαγωγή / επένθεση, η συνίζηση, η τροπή, η φωνηεντική αρμονία, η αφομοίωση κ.ά.Υπάρχουν όπως αναφέρθηκε μέσω και παραδειγμάτων και οι περιπτώσεις διατήρησης της χασμωδίας. Εξετάσαμε την κλίμακα ηχηρότητας η οποία καθορίζει τον ισχυρό ή ασθενή χαρακτήρα του φωνήεντος ανάλογα με τη θέση που κατέχει στην εν λόγω κλίμακα. Το ποιο από τα φωνήεντα θα φύγει εξαρτάται από τη θέση που κατέχει στην κλίμακα ισχύος ή κλίμακα ηχηρότητας. Η εν λόγω κλίμακα καθορίζεται ως η ακόλουθη: a > o > u > e > i ή i > e. Εξετάσαμε επίσης τον τρόπο με τον οποίο η ισχύς αυτή επηρεάζεται από διάφορους παράγοντες όπως η σύνταξη, το είδος του λόγου, ο τόνος, ο βαθμός ανοίγματος των φωνηέντων, η θέση τους στη λέξη, ο τόπος άρθρωσής τους, το λόγιο στοιχείο, ο μορφολογικός ρόλος, η σημασιολογία καθώς και ο παράγοντας σύνθεση, και επομένως είναι αυτοί οι παράγοντες βάσει της έρευνάς μας και πάντα με βάση τα δεδομένα που έχουμε στη διάθεσή μας που φαίνεται ότι καθορίζουν την ισχύ ή όχι της ιεραρχίας και τη διατήρηση ή όχι του φαινομένου της χασμωδίας. Επίσης αναφέρθηκε ότι και στα αρχαία ελληνικά αλλά και σε διαλέκτους της ελληνικής συμβαίνουν διαδικασίες φωνολογικές με σκοπό την αντιμετώπιση της χασμωδίας - ενώ παρατηρούμε ταυτόχρονα ότι αυτό δεν συμβαίνει πάντα με αποτέλεσμα να έχουμε και διατήρηση της χασμωδίας. Αναφέρονται παραδείγματα - όσο αυτό είναι δυνατό μέσα από την έρευνα και τις πηγές - ούτως ώστε μέσα πάντα από τα ίδια τα γλωσσολογικά δεδομένα, μέσα από τα κείμενα, να αποδεικνύεται κατά πόσον ισχύουν οι κανόνες και οι θεωρητικές θέσεις. Ξεκινούμε λοιπόν από τη μια μεριά από τις θεωρητικές θέσεις, τους κανόνες και από την άλλη όμως ταυτόχρονα αντλούμε πληροφορίες για το βαθμό εφαρμογής τους από τα ίδια τα γλωσσικά δεδομένα της ελληνικής και των διαλέκτων και από δεδομένα σε παλαιότερες χρονικές φάσεις αποδεικνύοντας μέσα από αυτό και μέσα από την κανονικότητα των φαινομένων διαχρονικά, τη συνέχεια της γλώσσας μας. / The present study explores the validity of vowel hierarchy in Greek and its dialects, as well as its role in dealing with hiatus. Hiatus emerges in adjacent vowels and it is resolved through phonological processes such as vowel deletion, vowel epenthesis, fusion, substitution, vowel harmony, assimilation etc., though there are instances in which hiatus is retained. The Sonority Scale (SS) is also investigated given that the (SS) determines the strong or weak status of the vowel, which, in turn, is driven by the position of the vowel in the SS. In other words, vowel loss is governed by its degree of sonority. In most, studies the vowel SS is considered to be the following: a > o > u > e > i ή i > e. Moreover, we examined the extent to which vowel sonority and the SS are circumscribed by other extra-phonological and phonological factors, such as the syntax, the semantics and the morphology of the language, the general linguistic context, the position of the vowels on the vowel space/ triangle, as well as their place of articulation. Additionally, we discuss phonological processes which repair hiatus occuring in Ancient Greek and its dialects and we test the conditions under which this happens. We present interesting data which lead us to adopt specific theoretical approaches regarding the vowel hierarchy. Finally, we evaluate the validity of the vowel hierarchy in the diachrony of Greek.

Notre thèse s’intéresse aux processus de création des adverbes de modalité dubitative dans l’histoire de l’espagnol. À l’aide des corpus de la Real Academia Española, CORDE et CREA, nous étudions du point de vue diachronique les principaux adverbes et locutions adverbiales qui expriment le doute du locuteur par rapport au contenu propositionnel de l’énoncé : por (a)ventura, acaso, quizá(s), puede que, tal vez, a lo mejor, lo mismo et igual. Notre recherche comprend ainsi la quasi-totalité de l’histoire de la langue espagnole, depuis le XIIe siècle, où l’on retrouve déjà quizá, jusqu’au XXe avec le surgissement de lo mismo et igual. Ces expressions ont des origines diverses – constructions verbales, syntagmes prépositionnels, etc.–mais elles fonctionnent toutes initialement comme des éléments intégrés dans la structure syntaxique de la phrase, dans laquelle elles transmettent des notions qui relèvent du hasard, de la temporalité, de la comparaison, etc. Ce travail s’occupe donc, dans un premier temps, d’élucider les chemins que ces expressions ont empruntés pour parvenir à fonctionner comme des adverbes de modalité dubitative et, dans un deuxième temps, il rend compte des relations qu’entretiennent ces expressions adverbiales, puisque, malgré leur apparente synonymie et interchangeabilité, ces adverbes diffèrent sur certains aspects les uns des autres. À cet égard, l’étude diachronique des contextes d’apparition, des valeurs et des fonctions des éléments qui ont intégré le paradigme nous permet de comprendre les différentes nuances et possibilités d’emploi qui caractérisent ces expressions une fois qu’elles acquièrent leur rôle d’adverbes de modalité dubitative. / This thesis aims to study the creation processes of the modal probability adverbs in the history of Spanish. Thus, from the diachronic point of view, we study, with the help of the Real Academia Española corpora, CORDE and CREA, the main adverbs and adverbial locutions that express the speaker's doubt regarding the propositional content of the statement: por (a)ventura, acaso, quizá(s), puede que, tal vez, a lo mejor, lo mismo and igual. Our research covers practically the whole history of the Spanish language, from the twelfth century, in which quizá is documented, until the twentieth, when the most recent adverbs of probability, lo mismo and igual, arise. These expressions have different origins – verbal constructions, prepositional phrases, etc. – but all function initially as integrated elements in the syntactic structure of the sentence, in which they transmit notions related to chance, temporality, comparison, etc. This work, therefore, is concerned firstly with elucidating the paths followed by these expressions in order to function as probability adverbs and, secondly, it gives account of the relations that lie between these adverbial expressions. Despite their apparent synonymy and interchangeability, these adverbs differ from one another in some respects. In this sense, the diachronic study of the contexts of appearance, the meanings and the functions of the elements that have integrated the paradigm allow us to understand the different nuances and possibilities of use that characterize these expressions once they acquire their role of modal probability adverbs. / Esta tesis se ocupa del estudio de los procesos de creación de los adverbios de modalidad dubitativa en la historia del español. Con la ayuda de los corpus de la Real Academia Española, CORDE y CREA, estudiamos desde el punto de vista diacrónico los principales adverbios y locuciones adverbiales que expresan la duda del hablante con respecto al contenido proposicional del enunciado: por (a)ventura, acaso, quizá(s), puede que, tal vez, a lo mejor, lo mismo e igual. Nuestra investigación abarca así prácticamente toda la historia de la lengua española, desde el siglo XII, en el que ya se documenta quizá, hasta el XX, en el que surgen los adverbios de duda más recientes lo mismo e igual. Las expresiones estudiadas tienen orígenes diversos –construcciones verbales, sintagmas preposicionales, etc.–, pero todas funcionan inicialmente como elementos integrados en la estructura sintáctica de la frase, en la que transmiten nociones relativas al azar, a la temporalidad, a la comparación, etc. Este trabajo se ocupa, pues, en primer lugar, de elucidar los caminos que han seguido estas expresiones para llegar a funcionar como adverbios de modalidad dubitativa y, en segundo lugar, de dar cuenta de las relaciones que mantienen estas expresiones adverbiales, ya que, a pesar de su aparente sinonimia e intercambiabilidad, estos adverbios difieren unos de otros en algunos aspectos. En este sentido, el estudio diacrónico de los contextos de aparición, valores y funciones de los elementos que han integrado el paradigma nos permite comprender los diferentes matices y posibilidades de uso que caracterizan a estas expresiones una vez que adquieren su papel de adverbios de modalidad dubitativa.

Além da fala, o registro escrito também pode servir como fonte para estudo de fenômenos de variação e mudança linguística. A grafia de textos produzidos há mais de século pode atestar parte da história de uma língua. Diante dessa perspectiva, este trabalho propõe a identificação de possíveis variáveis fonológicas por meio do registro de certas formas interpretadas como traços da oralidade que podem representar certas variantes existentes nos dias atuais. O exame que se propõe nesse trabalho segue a proposta de investigação de mudança lingüística em registros escritos de Lass (2000) e o uniformitarismo de Labov (1972). Utiliza-se, como amostra e corpus jornais produzidos no Rio Grande do Sul, no século XIX. Com base em registros escritos, pretendemos confirmar a relação passado/presente existente entre dois estados de língua e a existência de fenômenos fonológicos como elevação vocálica, substituição de segmentos, omissão, epêntese, metátese, proclíticos e segmentação na história. / Besides spoken language, the written record may be considered a source for linguistic variation and change studies. Texts written one century ago can attest part of the history of a language. Based on this belief, this paper proposes the identification of possible phonological variables through some written records interpreted as oral aspects which may express certain variants currently used by speakers. The examination in this paper follows the investigation of linguistic change in written records by Lass (2000) and the uniformitarianism by Labov (1972). By using written records found in newspapers published in the 19th century in Rio Grande do Sul, we intend to certify the past/present relation between two language states and the existence of certain phonological phenomena as vowel elevation, segmental substitution, deletion, epenthesis, metathesis, clitics and segmentation in history.

Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-13T19:08:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira P2.pdf: 929031 bytes, checksum: 52d1ca8a565e251f55ea6f25ee989211 (MD5) Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira P1.pdf: 1290183 bytes, checksum: 1e51a681bd31465bfc4f0c538c8f35cc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alda Lima da Silva(sivalda@ufba.br) on 2013-05-16T17:08:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira P2.pdf: 929031 bytes, checksum: 52d1ca8a565e251f55ea6f25ee989211 (MD5) Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira P1.pdf: 1290183 bytes, checksum: 1e51a681bd31465bfc4f0c538c8f35cc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-16T17:08:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira P2.pdf: 929031 bytes, checksum: 52d1ca8a565e251f55ea6f25ee989211 (MD5) Mariana Fagundes de Oliveira P1.pdf: 1290183 bytes, checksum: 1e51a681bd31465bfc4f0c538c8f35cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Os papéis temáticos Agente e Paciente constituem o objeto de estudo deste trabalho, cujos objetivos são caracterizá-los – com base em dados da língua portuguesa, no domínio do predicador verbal, considerando o predicado global e o contexto situacional – em propriedades semânticas prototípicas e não-prototípicas, na perspectiva da Semântica Lexical e numa abordagem representacional ou mentalista; num estudo descritivocomparativo em textos do português arcaico e do português europeu contemporâneo nas modalidades oral e escrita, listar os verbos com que ocorrem nos corpora de pesquisa os diferentes tipos de Agente e de Paciente propostos, procurando alguma situação de mudança ao nível da estrutura temática dos verbos, e descrever as configurações sintáticas do Agente e do Paciente, numa abordagem diacrônica que incide na relação entre a sintaxe e a semântica. Na bibliografia sobre o assunto, o Agente e o Paciente recebem definições variáveis, por vezes imprecisas. Neste estudo, tentando uma melhor compreensão dessas noções, é apresentada uma classificação para o Agente e para o Paciente, trabalhando com seis propriedades semânticas: desencadeador, controle, intenção, causa, afetado e experienciador. Desta forma, são propostos dois tipos de Agente: Agente prototípico e Agente afetado, e três tipos de Paciente: Paciente prototípico, Paciente experienciador e Paciente agentivo, num continuum que vai do Agente e do Paciente mais prototípicos ao Agente e ao Paciente menos prototípicos; no ponto em que se apresenta, no continuum, o Agente menos prototípico, é quando começa o Paciente prototípico, e, vice-versa, no ponto onde se apresenta o Paciente menos prototípico, que é o Paciente agentivo, é quando começa o Agente mais prototípico. Listando os verbos com que ocorrem os diferentes tipos de Agente e de Paciente nos corpora diacrônicos analisados, não foi verificada nenhuma situação de mudança da estrutura temática dos verbos; foi possível, porém, em relação ao Paciente agentivo, traçar um grupo específico de verbos que o selecionam. Quanto às configurações sintáticas do Agente e do Paciente, foi constatada alguma mudança na história do português, e, comparando as modalidades oral e escrita da língua, verificada alguma diferença. / Salvador

(in English): In the present work, the aim is to discuss the occurrence of verbal suppletion in Romance languages within a representative, theoretical and practical framework that may be reflected in the tradition of language studies and by the most reliable theories at the beginning of the 21st century. In an attempt to prove through this issue how aspects of language system that might at first seem arbitrary are not really as such, but in fact need a proper perspective in order to be able to deal with them systematically. In the first part, the theoretical framework of the thesis is presented, starting with varying aspects of European and American structuralism, reaching to the current ongoing debate concerning issues related to "pure morphology" - the main reference model at present for a comprehensive analysis of the topic. In the second part, the discussion is more specifically oriented to verbal suppletion and treatments reserved by different linguistic perspectives, not always available to be considered as a topic worthy of attention because of its extreme unpredictability and irregularity. The third part dedicates a consistent space to the analysis of the morphomes that can be found in Romance languages (U/L-pattern, N-pattern, PYTA roots, blended morphomes) and to their evolution in a...