El presente proyecto trata de un aplicativo móvil que tiene como objetivo brindarle al usuario información en tiempo real del aforo de diversos establecimientos. Este aplicativo fue diseñado pensando en los ciudadanos y los dueños de establecimientos, buscando evitar las aglomeraciones y para poder tener un control del aforo. Por un lado, por tema de la coyuntura actual, el 90% por ciento de los ciudadanos prefiere evitar lugares que presentan una alta aglomeración de personas, evitando también tener que esperar para ser atendidos. Por otro lado, el 7 de cada 10 establecimientos no tiene un control de su aforo. El aplicativo Cappacity busca remediar ambas problemáticas, brindando un servicio que le permita a los usuarios poder conocer el aforo a tiempo real de los comercios y ofrezca a los establecimientos una alternativa de controlar su aforo. Para el desarrollo de este proyecto se elaboró un análisis completo de la industria: clientes, competidores, proveedores y demás factores que impactan en el proyecto, Asimismo, se tomó en cuenta las dos principales variables que influyen en la decisión de los consumidores en asistir a un comercio; necesidades tales como el número de personas en el establecimiento y el tiempo de atención. Por último, se desarrollaron los principales proyectos que demuestran la viabilidad y rentabilidad del proyecto. / This project deals with a mobile application that aims to provide the user with real-time information about the capacity of various establishments. This application was designed with citizens and establishment owners in mind seeking to avoid crowd places and to control the capacity on these. On the one hand, due to the current situation, 90% of citizens prefer avoiding places that have a high agglomeration and places where there is a long wait time. On the other hand, 7 out of 10 establishments do not have a control of their capacity. Cappacity try to attend both problems, providing a service that allows users to know the real-time capacity in businesses and, at the time, offers to establishments an alternative for controlling their capacity. For the development of this project, a complete analysis of the industry was elaborated: clients, competitors, suppliers and other factors that impact on the project were considered. Likewise, the two main variables that influence the decision of consumers to attend a commerce were taken into account: needs such as the number of people in the establishment and the time of attention. / Trabajo de investigación

Alquimass es un proyecto realizado por estudiantes de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, con la función de ser un intermediario entre un arrendador de autos y un arrendatario del mismo bien. Además, nos presentamos como un negocio 100% digital. Asimismo, como primera instancia trabajaremos a través de redes sociales para conseguir nuestras primeras ventas. En la primera parte del proyecto de investigación, se explicará a detalle el problema que soluciona Alquimass, el público objetivo y un análisis al entorno actual. De forma similar, en la segunda parte nos dedicamos a explicar el plan de marketing que se plantea realizar para entrar al mercado. Por consiguiente, para validar nuestra información se ha realizado experimentos, que consisten en entrevistas a posibles usuarios y expertos. / Alquimass is a project carried out by students of the Peruvian University of Applied Sciences, with the function of being an intermediary between a car lessor and a lessee of the same property. In addition, we present ourselves as a 100% digital business. Likewise, as a first instance we will work through social networks to achieve our first sales. In the first part of the research project, the problem that Alquimass solves, the target audience and an analysis of the current environment will be explained in detail. Similarly, in the second part we are dedicated to explaining the marketing plan to be carried out to enter the market. Therefore, to validate our information, experiments have been carried out, consisting of interviews with potential users and experts. / Trabajo de investigación

Entrepreneurship is frequently linked together with aspects of economic growth and development. In the last 40 years, an increasing number of incubators and service providers have been created to stimulate entrepreneurship and innovation. However, in the increasingly globalized and digitalized world, few virtual and digital initiatives have successfully been studied to encourage and facilitate entrepreneurship. This study aims to understand further how digital and virtual products and services can aid entrepreneurs in venture creation and potentially add to an updated and broader understanding of the potential in a virtual incubator program. By looking at three categories of entrepreneurial support actors, traditional public incubators, private incubators, and digital service providers. 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain more in-depth knowledge of how they operate. More specifically, this study is conducted with actors that share the vision to assist startup in their initial phase and create a deeper understanding of what the incubator offers to startups and the possibility to adapt and improve their process using digital tools and external partnerships. Results indicate that the use of digital tools is varied. Incubators are leaning towards relying more on social media for reaching potential entrepreneurs and ideas, and further that a factor of validating every aspect of the startup is essential to promote success. The incubator mainly acts as a mediator of network, funding, coaching, and finding talents has during the COVID-19 pandemic moved most of their activities from physical to online. The issue of trust-building is, however, still prominent, and the incubators are looking for ways and tools to improve on this issue. Implications of this study have the potential to lower barriers to entrepreneurship, where entrepreneurial support becomes less dependent on their local ecosystem and geographical factors. Future research is encouraged to classify virtual incubators and a further look at specific cases and pursuit more longitudinal studies to fully understand the potential effects and implications. This study contributes to the field of incubators and entrepreneurial support and the ongoing digital paradigm shift.

The advancement of digital technology has created a pathway for digital start-ups to flourish very rapidly. However, these companies are facing resilient challenges and barriers during their scaling. Scaling is an important stage for ventures to grow their revenue at an exponential rate while keeping operating costs low. Nevertheless, there are several research papers that reflect the challenges and obstacles that hinder the scaling of digital startups. There are a limited number of scientific studies conducted in the context of developing countries. Therefore, this study aims at investigating the key potential contributing factors in northern Ethiopia (Tigrai). In this study, qualitative exploratory research is considered as a suitable and appropriate method to generate contextual understanding. The outcome of the study shows that the most noticeable themes impeding digital startups scaling are market challenges, lack of financing, lack of support from incubators, poor digital infrastructure, digital culture, and regulatory issues. Based on the findings this research critically suggests key applicable recommendations to overcome those challenges.

En el presente trabajo de investigación, se desarrolla el proceso de validación de una idea de negocio llamada JoinStream, la cual consiste en una plataforma que ofrece servicios multi streaming, que agrupa series, películas y cualquier otro material audiovisual ofrecido por las diversas plataformas de streaming en el mercado como Netflix, Disney Plus, Amazon Prime Video, entre otras. Este modelo de negocio está dirigido a hombres y mujeres desde los 18 años de sectores económicos A y B que están interesados en diversas series y películas de varias plataformas de streaming pero que no poseen los ingresos para adquirir más de una suscripción mensual. A lo largo de la investigación, se recurrió a fuentes primarias y secundarias, incluyendo el uso de entrevistas personales y experimentos para conocer las expectativas y necesidades del público objetivo, y validar los elementos que componen el Business Model Canvas del proyecto, obteniendo resultados en su mayoría favorables que demuestran un gran interés del público en la adquisición del servicio. Además, se determinaron los cambios más importantes a realizar en base a la retroalimentación brindada por una muestra representativa del público objetivo. Por último, se realizó el plan financiero del proyecto a 5 años para determinar su viabilidad económica. Para ello se tomó en cuenta los montos de inversión inicial, costos y gastos mensuales, pronóstico de ventas, financiamiento y otros indicadores financieros claves. Se obtiene finalmente un VAN positivo, demostrando que el proyecto es rentable en el largo plazo. / In the following research, we develop the process to validate a new business idea named Joinstream, which consists in a multi streaming platform that groups series, movies and any other audiovisual product from many other streaming platform services such as Netflix, Disney Plus, Amazon Prime Video, and others. This business model is aimed at men and women aged 18 years and older from the socioeconomic levels A and B interested in watching series and movies from different streaming platforms but don’t have enough income to expend on more than one monthly subscription. During the investigation, it was made use of primary and secondary sources of research, including the use of personal interviews and experiments to acquire knowledge of expectations and needs of the market segment, and validate all elements from the Business Model Canvas of the project, getting mostly positive results that prove the interest of the public in purchasing the service. In addition, the most important changes to do were obtained by feedback from a representative sample of the market segment. Finally, the financial plan of the project was established for 5 years to determine its economic viability. In order to do that, we considered the amount of initial investment, monthly costs and expenses, sales forecast, funding and other KPI. The final VAN obtained is positive, which demonstrates the project is profitable in the long term. / Trabajo de investigación

Global advances in digital technology are facilitating a corresponding rise in digital entrepreneurship and its startup manifestation. Many uncertainties exist upon the road to digital startup evolution; a number of which may be successfully navigated with the assistance of business incubators. While these organisations provide valuable guidance and support to the startup community, their efforts are, at least in some part, constrained by the lack of a consistent and coherent roadmap to guide both them and their incubatees. This work proposes a solution to that deficiency by addressing the question -  What are the enabling and inhibiting factors in digital startup evolution within an incubator setting? - via a multiple-case study that examined digital startups under the umbrella of three business incubators in the city of Umeå, Sweden. This work builds on the existing literature both through its narrowed focus on incubators as well as through its presentation of the Ideation Dynamics Model as a proposed guide for both incubators and digital startups to follow.

Background: Three mega trends are profoundly changing today’s market dynamics; climate change, digitalization, and globalization. The increasing interconnectivity and omnipresence of digital technologies are blurring the boundaries of the physical and virtual reality, implying a shift in how digital companies create value and internationalize. Also, new policies and higher customer demand in greener and smarter technologies have created new opportunities for value creation to develop cleaner technologies that foster the growth of clean-technology firms. To be competitive and persist in a sustainable and digital economy, firms must be able to cope with changing market conditions. Strategic agility can support to avoid rigidity and benefit from change, which is fostered by strong dynamic capabilities. Knowledge gaps: The study aims to address shortcomings of digital sustainability business models and specifically characterize the emerging sector of sustainable software companies offering Cleantech-as-a-Service applications. The international potential of these ventures recognizes the need to elaborate on internationalization drivers. The globally competitive environment enforces the need to be strategically agile, whereby applying agile principles to an international context can bring a comprehensive view of internationalizing digital sustainability ventures’ critical capabilities and business model characteristics. The study will also assert the role of collaborative ecosystems in an entrepreneurial internationalization. Purpose: This study will explore the emergence of Cleantech-as-a-Service and investigate how these digital entrepreneurs achieve strategic agility in global pivoting and competitive environments. Our exploratory research aims to apply agile principles to entrepreneurial internationalization strategies, where we through six in-depth interviews will discover the role of digital cleantech firms’ dynamic business models, capabilities, and ecosystems when entering a foreign market. Theoretical framework: The conceptual frame of references is based on two major sections where the first considers the context of digital and sustainable firms and exhibits the essences of digital and sustainable business model designs and how to sustain competitiveness through the interrelation of dynamic capabilities and strategic agility. In the second section the study brings forward theory supporting the exploration of an agile internationalization for digital firms, such as virtual markets and ecosystems. The key theoretical forthcomings are summarized into a conceptual framework that combines the role and interplay of entrepreneurs, business models, as well as networks and ecosystems on the basis of strategic agility and dynamic capabilities, that jointly foster an agile and virtual internationalization. Methodology: The interpretive research used an explorative and abductive approach to perform a qualitative multiple case design. The empirical study was based on six Cleantech-as-a-Service companies where in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with the informants of significant positions. The thematic and content data analysis supported the identification of common patterns and themes through coding which guided the subsequent analysis chapter. Findings: Our study revealed characteristics and success factors of Cleantech-as-a-Service ventures operating on global volatile markets, which adopt a leagile approach. The findings supported a definition of the concept but also identified the dynamic capabilities and flexible business models leveraged to sustain international competitive agility. The key agile capabilities relate to networking, experimenting, and learning whereas business model characteristics confer resiliency, interdependency, and efficiency.

The so-called digital economy has been growing exponentially in the emerging economies and it is expected to continue growing around the globe. For this reason, many governments are funding support programmes (e.g. Start-up America in the USA, the UK’s Tech City, and Brazil Startup) to both encourage and facilitate the creation of Digital Start-ups (DSs), defined here as recentlycreated enterprises that produce solely digital products or services. Whilst in some regions there is some evidence that these efforts are starting to pay off, the majority of DSs that have grown to become global digital enterprises remain concentrated in the United States and Europe. In the case of Latin America, the digital economy already accounts for between 2-3.2% of GDP. Nonetheless, most e-commerce transactions occur through platforms based in the United States, with a scarcity of examples of Latin American DSs (LADSs) that have grown to become large digital firms. Despite this, the literature has paid little attention to the relationship that exists between the institutional environment and LADS’s agency. The few extant studies that do exist have focused on either institutional or infrastructure constraints and public policies, or business models and resource analysis. To address this knowledge gap, this research studied LADSs in the four largest Latin American countries (Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, and Colombia), representing three-quarters of the region’s GDP, in order to answer the following questions: How do environmental pressures influence the development of LADSs? How do LADSs respond to these pressures and seize potential business opportunities? The research followed a critical realist philosophical foundation and was operationalised through a qualitative exploratory field study of forty organisations, including DSs, accelerators, investors, government agencies, and not-for-profits. Geel’s (2014) Triple Embeddedness Framework (TEF) was chosen as the theoretical framework to guide this research and integrates constructs from the Lean Start-up method (LSM), which was widely adopted by the LADSs to develop their business models. This study provides empirical support for the constructs outlined in the TEF, identifies crucial shortcomings in LSM, and uncovers new constructs that are necessary to accommodate the DSs’ digital properties, which result in tensions between their embeddedness in the institutional environment, their hybrid embeddedness in a product-sector industry and a digital industry, and their embeddedness in a multi-level organisational field that creates a core-periphery relationship between Latin America and the United States. Therefore, a new framework, entitled DIME, is proposed to assist e-entrepreneurs when developing digital business models to achieve the right firm-environment-fit in Latin America. The findings of this study will also contribute to future research, and to guide policy makers interested in fostering the development of the digital economy in emerging economies.

La presente investigación busca determinar el impacto del diseño UI de los softwares de gestión para el desarrollo de emprendimientos digitales en Lima Metropolitana. La hipótesis sugiere que el planteamiento de la interfaz de estas herramientas cumple un rol fundamental en la supervivencia de los emprendimientos digitales, ya que, de responder a sus necesidades, se reduciría la inversión de tiempo en prácticas de gestión e impactaría de forma positiva en la estructuración de los procesos de sus negocios. El estudio está dividido en tres muestreos no probabilísticos conformados por: encuestas para los emprendedores digitales de Lima Metropolitana, un análisis de los componentes gráficos de las herramientas más empleadas y tres entrevistas a diseñadores profesionales con nociones en herramientas de gestión.   Como principales resultados observamos que, en el ecosistema de emprendimiento digital limeño, el uso de estas herramientas se instaura conforme sus prácticas se complejizan. Por lo tanto, se prioriza el sentido funcional de la herramienta sobre su valor estético. Asimismo, se requiere de herramientas personalizables, cuya organización gráfica esté supeditada a las metodologías de gestión que emplean y sus componentes aseguren la eficiencia del software.  Por consiguiente, se concluye que el rol del UI de los softwares de gestión es sintetizar, organizar y codificar información según los requerimientos de los emprendedores limeños para facilitar su comprensión y posibilitar la internalización de metodologías ágiles en sus formas de trabajo, lo que repercute en sus niveles de productividad, la gestión del tiempo, la optimización de la comunicación y el seguimiento de objetivos. / This research seeks to determine the impact of IU design of management software for the development of digital enterprises in Lima Metropolitana. The hypothesis suggests that the interface approach of these tools plays a fundamental role in the survival of digital enterprises, since, if they respond to their needs, it would reduce the investment of time in management practices and positively impact the structuring of their business processes. The study is divided into three non-probabilistic samples consisting of: surveys for digital entrepreneurs of Lima Metropolitana, an analysis of the graphical components of the most employed tools and three interviews with professional designers with notions in management tools. As main results we note that, in the digital entrepreneurship ecosystem of Lima, the use of these tools is established as their practices become more complex. Therefore, the functional sense of the tool is prioritized over its aesthetic value. Customizable tools are also required, whose graphical organization is dependent on the management methodologies they employ and their components ensure the efficiency of the software. Therefore, it is concluded that the main role of the UI in Project management software is to synthesize, organize and codify information according to the requirements of the entrepreneurs of Lima to facilitate their understanding and enable the internalization of agile methodologies in their forms of work, what impacts on their productivity levels, time management, better communication and monitoring of objectives. / Trabajo de investigación