Volvo trucks are involved in a project with vehicle combinations longer than 25.25 meters and/or with a weight of more than 64 tons. Those combinations are called high capacity transport (HCT). Some of the vehicle combinations are now driven with exemptions for the coupling equipment. The exemption is needed because according to a standard the theoretical transmitted forces between the dolly and the truck exceed the value that the coupling components have been certified for. The theoretical transmitted forces are called performance indexes. This limits the development but the exception could be avoided by using a hinged drawbar on the dolly.  This thesis aims to investigate what needs to be done in order to introduce dolly with hinged drawbar in longer and heavier vehicle combinations. A literature study and interviews were conducted to find problems that could be expected when using hinged drawbar on dolly and to investigate how the performance indexes for a specific vehicle combination should be calculated. Thereafter a dolly was put together through a product development process. Then concepts to solve a problem that was noticed through the literature study were developed. The concepts were sketched, evaluated in a matrix and thereafter the winning concept was modelled in detail in computer aided design (CAD).   According to the traffic definition in Sweden a dolly with hinged drawbar is violating the law. It defines a dolly as a module with rigid drawbar. On the other hand, the European Union defining a dolly as a trailer with fifth- wheel made to convert a semi-trailer into a full trailer. They don’t mention anything that contradicts to the usage of hinged drawbar. So the Swedish definition of a dolly needs to be challenged.   Simulations have shown that the braking performance will be worse when using a dolly with hinged drawbar compared to using a dolly with rigid drawbar. Therefore concepts to improve the braking performance of the dolly have been developed. The concept was to look the fifthwheel from pivoting around a horizontal axle perpendicular to the driving direction. By doing so the dolly and semi-trailer will become more like a full trailer and that would better the braking performance.  Through interviews and literature study it was noticed that the high performance indexes were calculated in an incorrect way. The highest forces are generated through interaction forces which are only affected by the vehicles closest to the coupling components. Therefore a calculation model need to be modified for this. Three calculation models were tested on the vehicle-combination. Two of these generated performance indexes that were reasonable. The calculation models were ISO-combination 3 and a model developed by Sweatman (1980). These two calculation models are modified for vehicle combinations that includes three vehicles. / Volvo lastvagnar ingår i ett forskningsprojekt med lastbilskombinationer som är längre än 25,25  meter och/eller väger mer än 64 ton. Ett sådant fordon kallas högkapacitetstransport (HCT). Idag körs vissa av dessa fordon med dispenser för kopplingsutrustningen. Detta då de teoretiska överförda krafterna mellan lastbil och dolly enligt en standard får värden som är högre än vad kopplingsutrustningen är certifierad med. De teoretiska överförda krafterna benämns som prestandaindex. Denna dispens skulle kunna undvikas genom att använda en ledad dragstång på dollyn.  Detta examensarbete syftar till att undersöka vad som behöver göras för att introducera dolly med ledad dragstång i längre och tyngre fordonskombinationer. En litteraturundersökning samt intervjuer genomfördes för att upptäcka problem som kan uppstå vid användande av dolly med ledad dragstång. Även en undersökning gällande hur prestandaindex ska beräknas på rätt sätt genomfördes.  Därefter konstruerades en dolly genom en produktutvecklingsprocess. Koncept för att lösa ett problem som noterades under litteraturundersökningen utvecklades. Koncepten skissades och blev sedan utvärderade genom en matris. Det vinnande konceptet konstruerades i CAD.   Från litteraturstudien visade det sig att det finns en motstridighet i den svenska definitionen gällande användandet av ledad dragstång på dolly. I Sverige definieras dolly som en kärra. En kärra definieras som en modul med stel dragstång. Däremot definierar EU dolly som en trailer som konverterar en semi-trailer till en full trailer. Där nämns ingenting som kan stoppa användandet av dolly med ledad dragstång. Därför borde den svenska definitionen utmanas.   En dolly med ledad dragstång förväntas ha sämre bromsprestanda än en vanlig dolly. Koncept utvecklades för att förbättra bromsprestandan på dollyn. Konceptet som vann var att låsa vändskivan från att vridas runt en horisontell axel vinkelrätt till åkriktningen. På så viss blir kombinationen dolly, semi-trailer mer som en full trailer vilket skulle innebära en bättre bromsprestanda.  Från intervjuer med kunniga personer och från litteraturstudien framkom det att de höga prestanda indexen var felaktigt beräknade. Det blev även känt att de största krafterna genereras genom interaktionskrafter som endast påverkas av de närmaste fordonens vikt. Tre olika beräkningsmodeller testades där två utav dem gav värden som kan anses vara rimliga. Beräkningsmodellerna var ISO-kombination 3 och en modell utvecklad av Sweatman (1980). Dessa två är anpassad för kombinationer som innehåller 3 fordon.

This thesis focuses on concept of European Modular System. It describes its characteristics, main advantages and disadvantages and experiences of other countries. A separate chapter focuses on swap bodies so that modular heavy goods vehicles can be compared to them in practical part of this thesis. Aim of this thesis is to evaluate what is better for transport of particular goods, if classical semi-trailer unit with maximum allowed length of 16,5 m, combined transport road-rail with use of swap bodies or modular heavy goods vehicle. Costs, transpotation times and emissions will be compared in this section. The thesis also aims at evaluating if main arguments of opponents of this concept are eligible or not.

Not Quite the Ingenue: The Development of the Middle-Aged Female Character in Musical Theatre is an exploration of the influences which have defined the function of middle-aged female characters within the musical theatre genre. This author was cast in the role of Arlene MacNalley, a forty-three year old woman, in the University of Central Florida's fall 2006 production of the musical Baby. Preparation for performance of this thesis role required identification of the traits and factors which would be vital for a realistic and relevant portrayal of Arlene. This document provides the reader with a working definition of middle age. It also furnishes a sampling of types, or stereotypes, of middle age female characters in musicals. The major thrust of the document emphasizes researching and understanding the importance of key socio-economic events' influence on the creation, direction, or depiction of middle-aged female characters. Three distinct characters are used to develop this theory, Aunt Eller in Oklahoma!, Dolly Levi in Hello, Dolly! and Arlene MacNalley in Baby. Further analysis within the thesis details essential differences between the original version of Arlene and the updated 2006 version of Arlene portrayed in the University of Central Florida's production of Baby. Conclusions drawn from the research, performance and writing processes indicate an increasing significance for the middle age female character as the genre of musical theatre continues to develop.

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Adapting the concept of the ”popular cultural memory” and its necessary “context knowledge” established by Karin Kukkonen, this bachelor thesis seeks to examine how this memory is “at work” and expresses itself in contemporary fiction, by doing an intertextual reading of the swedish author Amanda Svensson's debut Hey Dolly. Within the intertextual structures of Hey Dolly the reader encounters allusions and references that address almost everything from contemporary popular culture to established authors in the swedish canon, mainly as means for the characters to help them express their emotions and thoughts, by “choosing” from already available content of popular culture to use and modify. The intertextuality alluding to the popular cultural memory does at the same time address the concept of the ideal reader throughout the novel. This ideal reader is addressed by the narrator as one of those “in the know”, as competent enough to see this “popular cultural memory” at work in the novel by “getting” these intertextual allusions and references. Thus any (real) reader has to be equipped with the same expertise of popular culture as the narrator in order to fully understand this intertextuality. The intertextual practices of Hey Dolly should be understood as traits used by the author to express and implicate her/his awareness of the texts “surroundings”, traits indeed found even in the name of Hey Dolly's main protagonist, symptomatically influenced from contemporary, western American commercial culture. Given the premiss where this intertextual framework relies on a heavily contemporary influenced popular cultural context, it potentially would run the risk of not being understood, should future popular culture contexts operate under different premisses. In this regard the high cultural canon memory would have to be regarded as being more stable and “reliable” than the popular cultural memory, as the norms for the canon are more fixed and rarely negotiated.  Arguing that this intertextual reading of Hey Dolly is of an immense value and significant for understanding how the Zeitgeist operates and should be approached, this thesis is still based on the premiss where the intertextual reading of Hey Dolly has largely been nonexistent when looking at how Hey Dolly has been received. Instead in the swedish media we find a consistent dominance of how its reception has been read from almost exclusively a gendered point of view, where Hey Dolly is seen and regarded as the forthcoming of a new representation of the girl/woman ideal. The intertextual reading of Hey Dolly would instead be regarded as “secondary” at best, where the story by itself is self sufficient, even if the reader lacks the necessary context knowledge of how this ”popular cultural memory” is at work in the text.

Light vehicle rollover accidents on soft surfaces can be modeled assuming constant drag with linear motion equations and other engineering principles. The concept of using segment average results to evaluate roll mechanics parameters throughout a roll sequence, and specifically, segment duration to evaluate vehicle trajectory between ground impacts is developed. The trajectory model is presented, explained and compared to values obtained by analyzing digital video of rollover crash tests. Detailed film analysis procedures are developed to obtain data from rollover crash tests that are not otherwise documented. Elevation of the center of gravity of vehicles is obtained where instrumentation does not explicitly yield this data. Instantaneous center of gravity elevation data throughout a roll sequence provides the opportunity to calculate descend distances as a vehicle travels from one ground contact to another. This data is used to quantify severity of ground impacts as a vehicle interact with the ground throughout a roll sequence. Segment average analysis is a reasonable method for determining general roll mechanics parameters. Because of the chaotic nature of rollover accidents, the range of effective drag factors for a given roll surface may be quite large. Choosing an average of typical drag factors is a reasonable approach for a first-order approximation although certain parameters may be predicted less accurately than if actual values were known. The trajectory results demonstrate the influence of drag factor descent height calculations. Typical constant drag factors tend to overestimate descent height early in a roll sequence and underestimate descent height later in the sequence. The trajectory model is a useful tool to aid in understanding rollover mechanics although a rolling vehicle may be in contact with the ground for a significant fraction of a roll segment. The model should not be used at locations in roll sequences where there are extremes in translational center of gravity decelerations. These extremes include the segments immediately following overturn where there are large angular accelerations and large differences between the tangential velocity of the vehicle perimeter and the translational velocity of the center of gravity, as well as segments that include vehicle impacts with irregular topography.

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Volvo Trucks is the second-largest heavy-duty truck provider in the world. As of now they are working towards fossil free transport solutions. This comes with a fast development pace and an increasing need of being able to verify new and complex assembly processes to ensure an integration of the production of new truck models together with the current vehicles that are being produced.  This project is a master thesis that focuses on improving the quality and verification capabilities of the Pilot Plant at the Volvo Tuve site. The goal of the project is to design and develop a modular transport solution that can be used to move truck chassis at a predefined speed to be able to simulate and perform assembly tasks with the same parameters in the test environment as in the factory process along the driven line. The design was developed using the product development process described by Ulrich et al., 2020, with slight modification. The resulting design is able to move the truck chassis at the requested predefined speeds that are possible on the driven line in the factory. This solution gives Volvo the ability to perform simulations of specific and critical assembly steps, potentially resulting in fewer failures during production ramp-up of their new truck models.  Calculations were made to in order to verify the strength and functionality of the design.

I am fascinated by the inner thoughts, the memories, and the cumulative experience that make us each a complex physiological puzzle. From birth, sociological building blocks are constructed forming emotional walls and unexpected doorways, boundaries and comfortable passageways through the architecture of our personalities. My thesis work, which is comprised of ceramic figures and interactive toys, offers playful memory triggers and evocative spaces in which viewers can deconstruct the building blocks of their social persona.