This thesis explores the topic of Canadian-Indigenous battered women who killed their intimate abusers and seeks to better understand these women’s experiences, their treatment within the Canadian criminal justice system, and how BWS was used in their cases. A theoretical framework comprised of Indigenous Feminisms and Intersectionality was used to guide this research study and to shed light on the lived experiences of Indigenous battered women who killed their abusers. Various important Indigenous Feminist theorists such as Dian Million (2013) and Patricia Monture-Angus (1998) were drawn upon as well as advocates for Intersectionality such as Patricia Hill-Collins (2019). A qualitative thematic analysis was performed to create four overarching themes from eight cases where Indigenous battered women killed their intimate abusers.

Over the past 20 years, a plethora of research has been conducted on the effects of arrest in reducing recidivism of domestic violence offenders. The findings of such research have been varied. This study uses data from the Minneapolis Intervention Project to test the effectiveness criminal justice sanctions (i.e., arrest, jail, counseling, and the combination) on reducing recidivism of male domestic violence offenders. Results from bivariate analysis found that the criminal justice sanction of arrest and jail was related to recidivism. However, criminal justice sanctions could not predict recidivism.

This study examined witnessing domestic violence as a child as a predictor of violent conflict tactics in adult dating relationships. A supportive sibling and a close relationship with the mother were examined as resiliency factors. Participants were 129 men and 256 women enrolled in classes at East Tennessee State University. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, a mother-father conflict resolution form of the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS), The Parent-Child Relationship Survey (PCRS), The Index of Brother and Sister Relations, and a revised form of the CTS that assessed violence in the participants' dating relationship. Analysis of variance was conducted to assess any significant main effects or interaction effects. Results for a general criterion for violence indicated that a supportive mother had a significant effect on violence in current dating relationships. Using the more stringent criterion for violence, a supportive mother and parent abuse had a significant effect on abuse in current dating relationships.

Domestic violence from a male victim's perspective is something that is not discussed in society very much because information is very limited and incidents are often unreported. Research was done on this aspect of domestic violence to see how the types of abuse have had an impact on the victim from a physical and emotional perspective. The secondary data used for this study were from the Violence and Threats of Violence Against Women and Men in the United States, 1994-1996. Eight thousand men were selected to participate in the survey. The question of whether domestic violence is a problem was examined by race. It was determined that there was a relationship between these 2 variables with an actual significance of .000.

Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Forskning visar att 35 % av alla kvinnor världen över har utsatts för sexuellt eller fysiskt våld av en manlig partner. Våldet medför negativa konsekvenser på hälsan och orsakar stort psykiskt och fysiskt lidande hos den som utsätts. Hälso- och sjukvården har ett ansvar att upptäcka våldet och vidta åtgärder för att hjälpa de som utsätts.   Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studie var att beskriva kvinnors erfarenhet av att söka vård vid våld i nära relation. Metod: Denna studie är en deskriptiv litteraturstudie. Insamlingen av data har skett via sökdatabasen PubMed. Tematisk dataanalys har använts för att analysera insamlad data.  Resultat: Resultatet representerar sju olika länder beskrivet utifrån tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Trots stor global utbredning visar studierna på liknande återkommande erfarenheter av att söka vård vid våld i nära relation. Resultatet presenteras under två huvudteman med tillhörande underteman som sammanställde dessa kvinnors erfarenheter. Vad det gäller hinder för att söka vård framkom underteman som berörde rädsla för konsekvenser, sociala kulturella aspekter och misstro till vården. Avseende erfarenheter av mötet med vården framkom underteman som berörde att vårdpersonal inte ställde frågan om våld, brist på kontinuitet och relation till sin vårdkontakt, brist på sekretess och avskildhet och brist på information om hjälp och stöd. Slutsats: För att hälso- och sjukvården ska kunna hjälpa de kvinnor som utsätts för våld i nära relation är en sammanhållen vårdkedja av extra vikt. Sjukvårdspersonal behöver inta ett gott bemötande, våga ställa frågan gällande våld samt ge information och samverka med andra instanser. / Abstract Background: Research shows that 35 % of all women worldwide have been subjected to sexual or physical violence by a male partner. The violence has negative consequences on health and causes the victim mental and physical suffering. Health care has a responsibility to detect the violence and take measures to help those who are exposed. Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to describe women's experience of seeking care for domestic violence. Method: This study is a descriptive literature review. The collection of data has taken place via the search database PubMed. Thematic data analysis has been used to analyze collected data. Results: The results represent seven different countries described on the basis of ten scientific articles. Despite large worldwide spread, the studies show similar recurring experiences of seeking care for domestic violence. The results are presented under two main themes with associated sub-themes that compile these women's experiences. In terms of barriers to seeking care emerged under themes that touched on fear of consequences, social cultural aspects and mistrust of healthcare. With regard to experiences of helthcare, subthemes emerged that concerned care staff not asking the question about violence, lack of continuity and relationship with their care contact, lack of confidentiality and privacy and lack of information about help and support. Conclusion: In order for the healthcare system to be able to help women who are exposed to domestic violence, a cohesive chain of care is of extra importance. Healthcare professionals needs to adopt a good attitude, dare to ask the question regarding violence, provide information and cooperate with other agencies.

Sammanfattning Mäns våld mot kvinnor är ett socialt problem som drabbar kvinnor både fysiskt och psykisktmed varierande konsekvenser för offret. Sjuksköterskor träffar dessa kvinnor ofta därför ärdet viktigt att bemöta dem på ett professionellt sätt. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskorserfarenheter av att bemöta kvinnor som utsätts för våld i nära relationer. Metod:Litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design byggd på vetenskapliga artiklar som söktes framdatabasen PubMed. Resultat: Sammanfattar 13 artiklar och presenterade tre teman: bristandekunskap och behov av utbildning, känslomässig erfarenhet ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv ochhur är det med bemötandet? Diskussionen: För att sjuksköterskor ska hantera kvinnor somupplevt våld är utbildning viktig på flera plan. Utbildning behövs för att känna igen kvinnoreffektivt, hantera den känslomässiga påverkan och kunna bemöta kvinnor på ett professionelltsätt. Slutsats: För att ge nödvändig vård till en våldsutsatt kvinna är det viktigt attsjuksköterskan har kunskap kring ämnet våld i nära relation så att de kan på bästa sätt bemötaden våldsutsatta kvinnan. / Abstract Male violence against women is a social problem that affects women physically andpsychologically, with varying consequences for the victim. Nurses meet these women oftenand must therefore be prepared to respond to them in a professional manner. Aim: Todescribe nurses' experiences of dealing with women who are exposed to violence in intimatepartner relationships. Method: The design of this literature review is descriptive built onscientific articles that were searched in the database PubMed. Results: The result summarizes13 articles and presents three themes: lack of knowledge and need for education, emotionalexperience from a nurse's perspective and how to treat these women? Discussion: In order fornurses to deal with women who have experienced violence, education is important on severallevels. Education is needed to recognize women effectively, manage the emotional impactand be able to respond to the women in a professional manner. Conclusion: It is importantthat the nurse has knowledge on the topic of intimate partner violence in order to provide thenecessary care to an abused woman.

In this research I have focused on beneficiary and service providers' perceptions toward Arab social obstacles to help-seeking, appropriate intervention methods and obstacles to reintegration into the community after seeking assistance. Through semi-structured interviews and content analysis of local policies, laws and specific service offerings, I sought to contribute to the limited literature that explores how formal institutions that originate from a Western context are adapted to meet the unique needs of Arab victims of domestic violence. I found that the main social obstacles to help-seeking were attributed to a dearth of knowledge about existing services, a lack of confidence in formal institutions such as non-governmental and government agencies, a fear of rejection or punishment from their families and communities, concerns about laws that might increase a woman's vulnerability and limited economic resources.

In this survey, experienced social workers will give their view of how they perceive the level of knowledge in being able to respond to the complex needs of women exposed to violence in the "domestic violence" unit. Knowledge can be so much more than what you study at university. In order to possess good knowledge in social work, both empathy and common sense are required. By creating a good alliance with the client, a trust arises that makes the woman dare to tell her story, and the social worker can get the full picture of the woman's problems and needs. If the social worker lets norms and values guide the way of working, the woman will not dare to tell her story, she will feel judged in advance. This can lead to her problem giving her severe consequences if she does not get help with it. Being trusted can be crucial for many women if they want to turn to social services for support. The results of the study were analyzed based on the grassroots theory and the humanistic theory. The central result of the study was that the social workers within the domestic violence unit experienced the working alliance as very significant in their work. The study's results show that the social workers' experience of client work is good, and they have good knowledge within the profession. The challenge lies in having time to create trust and find out what the woman needs help with.

[pt] O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar limites entre violência intrafamiliar contra crianças e cuidado, na perspectiva de familiares e profissionais de uma instituição de acolhimento, localizada na Zona Oeste da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, com a coleta de dados realizada através de entrevistas semipadronizadas com familiares de crianças acolhidas e com profissionais da instituição, além de relatórios técnicos produzidos pela equipe da instituição. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se o método de interpretação dos sentidos atribuídos, uma vez que este permite compreender as relações em determinado contexto sócio histórico. Os resultados apontaram que, apesar da importância atribuída à família pelos entrevistados, sua composição e relações estabelecidas entre os membros divergem entre os grupos. Notou-se também a presença de mulheres como as principais responsáveis pelo cuidado e por apoiar os familiares, e a sua responsabilização diante da violação de direito das crianças. Foi possível perceber ainda que a fragilidade nos vínculos familiares do público atendido pela instituição marca gerações anteriores ao acolhimento das crianças, e por isso é fundamental conhecer a história de vida de cada família para compreender a forma como seus membros se relacionam. Constatou-se também que o cuidado é delineado através de aspectos subjetivos, enquanto a violência é definida através de suas manifestações, e apesar de serem considerados pontos antagônicos na relação entre adulto-cuidador e criança-sujeito de cuidado, é tênue a linha que separa a classificação de determinada ação como forma de violência ou como manifestação de cuidado. / [en] The present study aimed to analyze the limits between care and intra-family violence against children, from the perspective of family members and professionals of a children s shelter located in the West Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro. This is a research with a qualitative approach, with data collection carried out through semi-standardized interviews with family members of foster children and professionals from the institution, in addition to technical reports produced by the institution s staff. For data analysis, the method of interpretation of the meanings attributed was used, since this allows to understand the relationships in a certain socio-historical context. The results showed that, despite the importance attributed to the family by the interviewees, its composition and relationships established between members differ between groups. It was also noted the presence of women as the main responsible for the care and support of family members, and their blame for the violation of children s rights. It was also possible to notice that the fragility of family ties of the public served by the institution marks generations prior to childcare, and that is why it is essential to know the life history of each family in order to understand how its members relate to each other. It was also found that care is delineated through subjective aspects, while violence is defined through its manifestations, and despite being considered antagonistic points in the relationship between adult-caregiver and child-subject of care, the line that separates the classification of a certain action as a form of violence or as a manifestation of care.

As the number of cases of the COVID-19 virus spread across the world in the beginning of 2020, governments decided to take measures to stop the spread of the virus. These measures limited individual’s freedom of movement and soon thereafter, the number of domestic violence cases increased. While the increase in domestic violence has almost interchangeably been linked to the enforcement of lockdowns, statistics have indicated an increase in domestic violence in Sweden as well whereas they never enforced any lockdowns. The aim of this thesis is thus to explore this issue further by interviewing staff at women’s shelters and support services in Sweden to examine how they perceive how the pandemic has impacted the situation of men’s violence against women (as most cases of domestic violence is a matter of a man abusing a woman), their organizations, and their relationship with the women. The theoretical lens of shared trauma has been used to explore how the relationship between the organizations and the women have been affected as they navigate through the shared traumatic reality of the pandemic. The analytical tool used in this study is by a thematic analysis, whereas 7 themes were located: (1) Change in the level of support, (2) Change in the level of violence, (3) The role of the media and public perception, (4) Economic uncertainty and vulnerability, (5) Governmental directives, (6) Sharing a traumatic experience, and (7) Posttraumatic growth. The study concludes that the pandemic has impacted the women’s shelters and support services in this study quite a lot, both in negative and positive terms. Whilst the study indicates an increased level of men’s violence against women, the organizations have on the other hand been forced by the pandemic to develop their organizational structure to reach the women who have been isolated in their homes, and thus improved a lot of tools to support these women in the future.