Submitted by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-06-22T21:50:45Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Maria_Emilia_Büttow.pdf: 1744378 bytes, checksum: f82e3d7def0b1a38b84de75a8d41355e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-06-22T22:17:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Maria_Emilia_Büttow.pdf: 1744378 bytes, checksum: f82e3d7def0b1a38b84de75a8d41355e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-22T22:17:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Maria_Emilia_Büttow.pdf: 1744378 bytes, checksum: f82e3d7def0b1a38b84de75a8d41355e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-21 / Sem bolsa / A presente dissertação tem como objetivo elucidar e compreender o quadro social e os desdobramentos jurídicos do trabalho doméstico no Brasil. A presente pesquisa possui relevância no atual momento em que a Justiça do Trabalho passa a julgar as ações trabalhistas envolvendo trabalho doméstico à luz da Lei nº 150 de 2015 que estendeu direitos trabalhistas previstos na Consolidação das Leis Trabalhistas para os empregados domésticos. Até então a categoria em voga não contava com direitos básicos como controle de jornada de trabalho e recolhimento de Fundo de Garantia de Tempo de Serviço. A partir da observação de audiências da Justiça do Trabalho de Pelotas e entrevistas com atores sociais envolvidos com a temática do trabalho doméstico, como advogados e juízes do trabalho buscou-se compreender a percepção dos atores sociais envolvidos na temática acerca da significativa mudança legislativa. A trajetória da luta por reconhecimento jurídico e social da categoria das trabalhadoras domésticas, composta em sua maioria por mulheres servirá de base para compreender as mudanças trazidas pela nova legislação e como o judiciário trabalhista de Pelotas está enfrentando estas mudanças. / The purpose of this dissertation is to elucidate and understand the social structure and legal developments of domestic work in Brazil.. This research has relevance in the current moment in which the Labor Court begins to judge the labor actions involving domestic work in light of Law no. 150 of 2015 that extended labor rights foreseen in the Consolidation of Labor Laws for domestic employees. Until then the category in vogue did not have basic rights as control of working hours and collection of the Guarantee Fund of Time of Service. The attempt to understand the social actors perception about this substantial new labor legislations was based on the observation of the Pelotas Labor Court hearings and interviews with social actors involved in domestic work, as an employee and employer, lawyers and labor judges. The trajectory of the struggle for legal and social recognition of the category of domestic workers, made up mostly of women, will serve as a basis for understanding the changes brought about by the new legislation and how the labor judiciary in Pelotas is facing these changes.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:40:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Capa.pdf: 63676 bytes, checksum: 17f370aa393c7123f81dde02b9e1a6d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-30 / Esta pesquisa assumiu o propósito de verificar a situação às quais são submetidas as mulheres indígenas que saem de suas comunidades tradicionais para se inserirem no trabalho doméstico em Manaus. Buscamos também reconstruir fragmentos da história de vida e de trabalho de duas mulheres Sateré-Mawé, dona Zenilda e Zeila (Kutera), que se deslocaram de sua comunidade étnica de origem em busca de educação formal, saúde ou renda em Manaus, durante o período de instalação da Zona Franca. Diante da falta de oportunidades de trabalho formal, elas se inseriram no trabalho doméstico. Mesmo assim, podemos verificar pelas suas trajetórias de vida, que elas tornaram-se duas lideranças femininas de grande projeção dentro do movimento indígena. As questões norteadoras desta pesquisa consistiram em verificar quais são as determinações étnicas e de gênero presentes no trabalho domestico em Manaus, capital do Estado do Amazonas. Adotamos uma metodologia que nos levou a considerar os aspectos qualitativo e exploratório, quando a fala dos sujeitos foi imprescindível para a reconstrução de aspectos da trajetória de vida e de trabalho das mulheres da etnia Sateré- Mawé. Foram realizadas entrevistas abertas com cinco mulheres da etnia Sateré-Mawé, além da observação direta na Comunidade I nhã-bé, durante o período de abril de 2009 a agosto de 2010. Elegemos um referencial teórico que problematiza as questões de gênero que são determinantes na situação desfavorável que se encontra esse segmento humano. O conceito de gênero é empregado como uma categoria construída social e culturalmente, que envolve relações de poder sob os auspícios do patriarcado. A pesquisa mostra que há uma forte ressignificação na vida dessas mulheres que se deslocaram para a cidade, as quais vivem no limiar do urbano e do rural. Conclui-se, assim, que para muitas mulheres do interior amazônico o trabalho doméstico passa a ser o caminho para chegar às cidades. Essa situação as envolve numa teia de exploração permeada por questões de gênero sob o forte preconceito étnico

The aim of this thesis is to understand how the political mobilisation of migrant domestic workers (MDWs) employed in Lebanon started and continued. It also tries to comprehend how some of them could found a politically active collective of MDWs, the Alliance of Domestic Workers in Lebanon (Alliance), by analysing what factors enabled and restrained the open political activism of MDWs from their first steps as activists until now. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with two founding members and seven international and Lebanese organisations, the MDWs´ political mobilisation is chronologically recaptured. Extending Lahusen´s definition of political mobilisation, the thesis critically reflects on Johnston´s concept for protest to evolve in repressive states. The analysis shows that the women activists are left in a lawless position and refer to the free spaces of Lebanese and international non-profit organisations, where their activism begins. These organisations help the women to build up their protest capital, enabling them to start their own group, the Alliance. Within their own group they organise themselves not only against the injustice they experience as MDWs but also emancipate themselves from their dependency on the NGOs. The findings approve that though international and Lebanese organisations have played a crucial part in successfully mobilising the women, the MDWs´ experience of lack of influence inside these free spaces, shapes the group´s actions, collective identity and course. Their political mobilisation can be seen as a long-term, organic process, in which knowledge, collective identity, collective action and experience are tightly interwoven and are the motor behind the members´ activism.

This study aims to analyse how joyful militancy, characterized by care, joy and affection in the struggle, is embedded in the discourse created by Territorio Doméstico, a feminist movement formed by domestic workers in Spain. Through discourse analysis of songs and images of Territorio Doméstico, this study shows how meanings constructed through discourses build collective identities and challenge hegemonic discourses on domestic and care work and on migrants.

The general aim of this thesis is to use foodwork and cooking in Sweden as a way to better understand theoretical questions about men and masculinities. Paper I discusses how an increased public interest in elaborate cooking and gastronomy in Sweden, a country with a cultural idealization of gender equality, could explain why men in Sweden assume responsibilities for domestic cooking without feeling emasculated. Papers II, III and IV draw on interviews with 31 men from 22 to 88 years of age and with different levels of interest in food. Paper II shows how domestic foodwork and cooking are associated with ideas of Swedish progress in terms of gender equality and culinary skills. Paper III demonstrates further that domestic cooking is not only a responsibility which men assume, but also a way of being sociable with friends, partners and children. Thus, both papers II and III challenge the idea that men only cook at home if they enjoy it. The data rather indicate that domestic foodwork responsibilities are a cultural expectation of men in Sweden, ingrained in desirable masculine practices. Paper IV explores men’s responses to media representations of food. The interviewed men responded to these representations with indifference, pragmatism, irony, and at times even hostility. In general, the responses are based on gender and age-differentiated taste distinctions and notions of masculine and culinary excess. Paper V uses a mix of texts (81 online texts and two magazines) and observations from the food fairs GastroNord (2014 and 2016), Mitt kök-mässan (2014) and the chef competition Bocuse d’Or Europe (2014) complemented with pictures and videos. I argue that a Swedish culinary community that promotes Swedish culinary excellence is constructed by drawing on preestablished national (self-)images. This culinary community is constructed as open and tolerant, with ethical concerns for the environment and for nonhuman animals. Its culinary icons are represented by chefs in whites and the leading restaurants. In sum, this dissertation provides empirical and theoretical contributions to both food studies and gender studies that critically scrutinize men and masculinities. Food-issues are permeated by gender, both in people’s everyday life and in the gastronomic elite.

L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser les spécificités du travail domestique au regard des principes fondamentaux de la psychodynamique du travail. L’enquête clinique montre une prédominance des enjeux relationnels et interpersonnels dans le cadre de ce métier. Un éclairage par la psychanalyse est nécessaire également pour mieux saisir la complexité de la relation de domination entre la patronne et la servante de part les enjeux psycho-affectivo-sexuels qu’elle mobilise et sa singularité par rapport à toute autre relation de travail. / The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze the specificities of domestic work according to fundamental principles of psychodynamics of work. Clinical investigation shows a predominance of relational and interpersonal issues within the profession. A psychoanalytical approach is also necessary to better understand the complexity of the relationship of domination between the boss and the maid regarding the psycho-emotional-sexual issues it mobilizes and its uniqueness compared to any other relationship of work.

Nesta pesquisa, enfatizamos que o cotidiano do emprego doméstico funciona, em grande medida, com base em desigualdades. Essas desigualdades ancoram-se em diferentes graus de distância social fortemente enraizados em gênero, classe e raça, e se expressam cotidianamente em gestos, palavras, e atitudes em geral, num constante jogo de ação e reação que envolve patroas e empregadas domésticas. É a condição de classe da empregadora que marca, em primeira instância, a distância social mais categórica entre ela e a sua contratada; para sobreviver enquanto profissão, o emprego doméstico necessita, inclusive, reforçar a distância social baseada na classe, posto que é tal distância a primeira a definir, de modo mais preciso, quem é a empregadora e quem é a doméstica. Em um segundo momento, chamaremos a atenção para o papel central que a humilhação exerce no cotidiano do emprego doméstico. A humilhação se fortalece quando formas de desigualdade são extremas, expressando-se, principalmente, por meio de atitudes ríspidas postas em prática pelas empregadoras. Enfatizaremos, por fim, que o emprego doméstico é também centro de desigualdade racial. Isso ocorre porque raça, enquanto categoria construída e manipulada socialmente, ganha força na esfera privada, local onde o emprego doméstico acontece por excelência. A distância social baseada na raça abre caminho para a discussão sobre o papel que o preconceito e, sobretudo, as discriminações raciais apresentam no cotidiano da ocupação. Embasam esta pesquisa, além de uma extensa revisão bibliográfica: dez entrevistas com trabalhadoras (colhidas no contexto da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo), análise de material jornalístico e ficcional e apreciação de documentos de instituições nacionais e internacionais que discutem os caminhos dos direitos humanos em sociedades contemporâneas. / In this research, we emphasize that the domestic workers everyday life largely functions based on inequalities. These inequalities are anchored in different grades of social distance that are strongly rooted in gender, class and race. The social distance is expressed on a daily basis through gestures, words and attitudes in general and is also evident in a constant game of action and reaction that involve both female employers and female domestic workers. It is the class condition of the employer that fixes the categorical social distance between her and her employee. In order to survive as a profession, the labor of the worker even needs to reinforce the social distance based on class to emphasize who represents the employer and employee. Secondly, we pay attention to the central role that humiliation plays in the domestic workers daily life. Humiliation intensifies when modes of inequality are extreme, being expressed through especially rough attitudes practiced by employers. Finally, we will emphasize that the occupation is also a center of racial inequality. That happens because race, as a category created and manipulated socially, acquires its force in the private sphere, the place where domestic work takes place. The social distance based on race opens the discussion about prejudice and racial discrimination in the occupation of domestic work. In addition to an extensive literature review, this research is grounded by: ten interviews with female domestic workers (gathered in the context of the Greater São Paulo area), analysis of both journalistic and fictional material, and appraisal of documents from national and international institutions that discuss the course of the human rights in the contemporary societies.

Nesta pesquisa, enfatizamos que o cotidiano do emprego doméstico funciona, em grande medida, com base em desigualdades. Essas desigualdades ancoram-se em diferentes graus de distância social fortemente enraizados em gênero, classe e raça, e se expressam cotidianamente em gestos, palavras, e atitudes em geral, num constante jogo de ação e reação que envolve patroas e empregadas domésticas. É a condição de classe da empregadora que marca, em primeira instância, a distância social mais categórica entre ela e a sua contratada; para sobreviver enquanto profissão, o emprego doméstico necessita, inclusive, reforçar a distância social baseada na classe, posto que é tal distância a primeira a definir, de modo mais preciso, quem é a empregadora e quem é a doméstica. Em um segundo momento, chamaremos a atenção para o papel central que a humilhação exerce no cotidiano do emprego doméstico. A humilhação se fortalece quando formas de desigualdade são extremas, expressando-se, principalmente, por meio de atitudes ríspidas postas em prática pelas empregadoras. Enfatizaremos, por fim, que o emprego doméstico é também centro de desigualdade racial. Isso ocorre porque raça, enquanto categoria construída e manipulada socialmente, ganha força na esfera privada, local onde o emprego doméstico acontece por excelência. A distância social baseada na raça abre caminho para a discussão sobre o papel que o preconceito e, sobretudo, as discriminações raciais apresentam no cotidiano da ocupação. Embasam esta pesquisa, além de uma extensa revisão bibliográfica: dez entrevistas com trabalhadoras (colhidas no contexto da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo), análise de material jornalístico e ficcional e apreciação de documentos de instituições nacionais e internacionais que discutem os caminhos dos direitos humanos em sociedades contemporâneas. / In this research, we emphasize that the domestic workers everyday life largely functions based on inequalities. These inequalities are anchored in different grades of social distance that are strongly rooted in gender, class and race. The social distance is expressed on a daily basis through gestures, words and attitudes in general and is also evident in a constant game of action and reaction that involve both female employers and female domestic workers. It is the class condition of the employer that fixes the categorical social distance between her and her employee. In order to survive as a profession, the labor of the worker even needs to reinforce the social distance based on class to emphasize who represents the employer and employee. Secondly, we pay attention to the central role that humiliation plays in the domestic workers daily life. Humiliation intensifies when modes of inequality are extreme, being expressed through especially rough attitudes practiced by employers. Finally, we will emphasize that the occupation is also a center of racial inequality. That happens because race, as a category created and manipulated socially, acquires its force in the private sphere, the place where domestic work takes place. The social distance based on race opens the discussion about prejudice and racial discrimination in the occupation of domestic work. In addition to an extensive literature review, this research is grounded by: ten interviews with female domestic workers (gathered in the context of the Greater São Paulo area), analysis of both journalistic and fictional material, and appraisal of documents from national and international institutions that discuss the course of the human rights in the contemporary societies.

The aim of the thesis is to analyze the reasons and consequences of international labor migration of women workers into Turkey. With the process of new global restructuring, transformations in production structure and labor organization, and rise of informal economy widen the gap between different geographies and generate a tied demand and supply relation between female labor and service sector. Today millions of women who suffer from poverty leave their countries in order to sell their labor in another country. Turkey has been a popular destination for women from post-Soviet countries since the 1980s. Many of them enter Turkey legally in accordance with Turkish visa requirements but become illegal by overstaying and working in country. Service sectors absorb this female labor, and many of them are employed as live-in domestic workers. This study aims to investigate how macro factors of international migration like global restructuring and transformations in the informal economy affects meso and micro structures. In this context, this study focuses on the formation of intermediary agencies and particularly individual migratory experiences of post-Soviet women in Ankara.

L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser les spécificités du travail domestique au regard des principes fondamentaux de la psychodynamique du travail. L’enquête clinique montre une prédominance des enjeux relationnels et interpersonnels dans le cadre de ce métier. Un éclairage par la psychanalyse est nécessaire également pour mieux saisir la complexité de la relation de domination entre la patronne et la servante de part les enjeux psycho-affectivo-sexuels qu’elle mobilise et sa singularité par rapport à toute autre relation de travail. / The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze the specificities of domestic work according to fundamental principles of psychodynamics of work. Clinical investigation shows a predominance of relational and interpersonal issues within the profession. A psychoanalytical approach is also necessary to better understand the complexity of the relationship of domination between the boss and the maid regarding the psycho-emotional-sexual issues it mobilizes and its uniqueness compared to any other relationship of work.