Submitted by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura (anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-25T14:43:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JAMILE SEIXAS- Dissertação de Jamile_completa_revisada.pdf: 1275137 bytes, checksum: 834eadc9c9f40141a7aba37a315e9bf1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura (anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-25T14:44:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JAMILE SEIXAS- Dissertação de Jamile_completa_revisada.pdf: 1275137 bytes, checksum: 834eadc9c9f40141a7aba37a315e9bf1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T14:44:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JAMILE SEIXAS- Dissertação de Jamile_completa_revisada.pdf: 1275137 bytes, checksum: 834eadc9c9f40141a7aba37a315e9bf1 (MD5) / A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida no intuito de demonstrar que a teoria estadunidense do dever da acomodação razoável, o duty of reasonable accommodation, pode ser recepcionada no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro como instrumento de efetividade do direito fundamental à liberdade de consciência e de crença, principalmente quando revestida pela liberdade religiosa a ser exercida na relação de emprego. Sendo a religião uma convicção subconsciente de quem a possui, impossível que dela o homem se dissocie no ambiente de emprego, pelo que deve ser respeitada e tolerada, mas desde que seu exercício não implique prejuízos excessivos e desarmonia ambiental. Nesse espeque, dita teoria mostra-se como a melhor técnica de sopesamento entre os direitos fundamentais à livre iniciativa e à propriedade privada em circunstância conflituosa com o exercício da liberdade religiosa, servindo de parâmetro às alterações contratuais do vínculo empregatício, moldadas pela legislação trabalhista. Assim, práticas de cunho religioso como proselitismo, escusa de consciência e mudança de credo devem ser acomodadas, porém, em consonância com os limites nucleares dos direitos fundamentais em voga. A pretensão especial dessa pesquisa é demonstrar que o dever da acomodação razoável é a instrumentalização mais equilibrada da aplicabilidade dos direitos fundamentais sobre as relações privadas, devendo por isso ser difundida no Brasil por representar também, mesmo que indiretamente, a redução das práticas intolerantes e discriminatórias. / The present dissertation was developed in order to demonstrate that the American theory of the duty of reasonable accommodation, the duty of reasonable accommodation, can be accepted in the Brazilian legal system as an instrument of effectiveness of the fundamental right to freedom of conscience and belief, especially when coated religious freedom to be exercised in the employment relationship. Since religion is a subconscious conviction of who possesses it, it is impossible for man to dissociate himself from the environment of employment, so he must be respected and tolerated, but provided that his exercise does not entail excessive harm and environmental disharmony. In this context, this theory is shown as the best technique for balancing the fundamental rights to free initiative and private property in a situation that conflicts with the exercise of religious freedom, serving as a parameter to the contractual changes in the employment relationship, shaped by labor legislation. Thus, religious practices such as proselytism, conscientious objection and change of creed should be accommodated, however, in line with the core limits of fundamental rights in vogue. The special claim of this research is to demonstrate that the duty of reasonable accommodation is the most balanced instrumentalization of the applicability of fundamental rights over private relations, and should therefore be diffused in Brazil because it also represents, even indirectly, the reduction of intolerant and discriminatory practices .

The thesis focuses on the transfer of rights and obligations arising from employment relations. This legal institute is primarily aimed at the protection of employees during the transfer of undertakings, which can negatively affect their employment relations. The matter is regulated under the Transfers of Undertaking Directive 2001/23/EC. In addition, it is regulated under Czech law, mostly by articles 338-342 of the Czech Labour Code No. 262/2006 Coll. The thesis involves critical assessment of the EU and Czech regulation of the issue including relevant case law of the Supreme Court of the Czech Republic and the Court of Justice of the European Union(CJEU). Furthermore, it aspires to identify the possible problems arising from the current regulation and aims to find their possible solutions. The most essential questions are; when the transfer of rights and obligations occurs according to legislation currently in force and when it should occur in the case the legislation is to be amended. The thesis consists of three chapters. The first introductory chapter provides the reader with a necessary theoretical background. The second chapter contemplates the Directive 2001/23/EC and predominantly focuses on the material scope of the Directive in the light of the relevant case law of the CJEU. Finally,...

No / Dominance effects are normally associated with multinational corporations (MNCs). However, we argue that a strong local competitor can create ‘dominance effects’ setting the institutional parameters for employment relations in multinational subsidiaries. Moreover such an effect can be persistent. In this case the Spanish-owned El Corte Inglés (ECI) used its power and influence to establish an employer's federation and two ‘yellow unions’. These yellow unions infiltrated the French-owned MNC Carrefour and most of the Spanish supermarket sector by the early 1980s and continue to dominate collective bargaining rounds and works council elections, marginalizing the main independent trade unions. This has resulted in poor pay and working conditions and a lack of effective employee representation across most of the Spanish supermarket sector. The fact that Carrefour established an international framework agreement to observe union rights in 2001 has as yet not changed this situation.

The Great Recession that followed the financial crisis of 2008 had a devastating impact on workers, leading to high levels of unemployment and underemployment, increased job insecurity and stagnant or declining wages. While the legitimation crisis of neoliberalism could be viewed as a turning point for labour internationally, the immediate response by political parties across the spectrum was one of austerity measures and cuts to welfare. As the largest collective representatives of workers, trade unions are at the forefront of mobilisations attempting to challenge this consensus. Simultaneously, they are engaging in new activities to enhance public awareness and understanding of the crucial role that trade unions play in the labour market. Thus, the 21st century crisis is creating both challenges and opportunities. Each trade union movement’s response depends on the different forms of power they possess and choose to deploy, their strategies and allegiances, and the specific socio-economic and political context in which they are situated. Questions concerning what constitutes union power and the ways in which it is being exercised and revitalized therefore represent fascinating lines of enquiry to explore. To do so, however, requires a new perspective on trade union power that recognises the significance of the media which has been overlooked in industrial relations theory. Drawing on insights from industrial relations, the sociology of media and social movement studies, this thesis proposes the concept of communicative power to trace how trade unions produce and circulate discourse through the media (either union-owned or corporate) to a mass audience. Methodologically, it uses the tripartite approach which focuses our attention onto three key communication processes involved in trade union attempts to exercise communicative power: the production of union discourse, the circulation of union discourse, and the reception of union discourse. This is applied to four cases involving seven union organisations in the UK and Denmark over a five-year period 2010-2015. Data was gathered using 40 semi-structured interviews with union officials and activists, content analysis of newspapers, union media outlets and social media, and secondary survey data. In sum, this thesis argues that the media is, and always has been, central to how trade unions exercise and revitalize power in society. And within the context of accelerating digital capitalism, it looks set to becoming an increasingly important determinant of their future trajectory.

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Cette thèse examine la dynamique des relations professionnelles dans les entreprises publiques en Chine, à partir de deux monographies réalisées dans des établissements situés à Shanghai. Elle s’interroge notamment aux conséquences des transformations du secteur public dans le prolongement des réformes engagées dans les années 1980. Ces réformes conduisent à distinguer véritablement les intérêts des salariés de ceux des directions d’entreprise. En ce sens, elles ouvrent la voie à l’émergence d’un système de relations professionnelles. Elle s’attache à l’analyse des politiques du personnel dans ces entreprises, marquées par une autonomisation croissante à l’égard des autorités publiques, à la transformation du rôle du syndicat dans ce contexte et à l’action collective des salariés notamment dans le contexte de restructurations et d’incertitude sur l’avenir de l’entreprise. / This thesis examines the dynamics of employments relations in state-owned enterprises in China based on monographs produced in the Shanghai branches of two companies. In particular, it is intended to discuss the impact of transformations in the public sector from reforms in the 1980s. These reforms led to truly distinguish the interests of labor from those of management. In this sense, they paved the way for the emergence of a system of employments relations. This thesis focuses on the analysis of human resource policies in these companies, which were marked by increasing independence from the public authorities, the changing role of the union in this context, and the collective action of workers in the context of restructuring and uncertainty about the future of the company.

Lithuania as a marine state is strongly motivated to create a favourable employment relationship system satisfying the interests of seamen. All marine states are interested that their citizens would work in national fleets and would not be forced to look for work on the ships of other states or on the ships of “convenient flags”. Work analyses the peculiarities of work on ships on the basis of legal act differentiation, i.e. it analyses how employment relationships are regulated by general and specific legal acts. The analysis of employment relationships of different institutions is performed by comparing provisions applied to employees in general and to seamen exclusively in order to highlight the peculiarities of work on ships. The work is based on international: ILO and EU and Lithuanian legal acts. The peculiarities of work on ships is revealed examining main aspects of employment relationships. Employment requirements for seamen as well as employment contracts with seamen and the terms and conditions thereof: payment, work and rest time, vacations – are analysed. Work safety, implementing authorities and liability for injuries of the employees are also discussed. The analysis of the project of ILO consolidated maritime labour conventions is provided. This instrument is intended to facilitate the procedure of ILO standard ratification, i.e. to enable the member states to implement more ILO maritime labour conventions into national law by one ratification act and this way... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MONICA DAMOUS DUAILIBE.pdf: 759187 bytes, checksum: 71eff885f72709de471abf76b62b66f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / This dissertation presents a study on labor inspection carried out by the Ministry of Labor and Employment to reduce the level of informal employment in Brazil, focusing on the case of state of Maranhão in the present time. Specialized literature on formation and structuration of Brazilian´s labor market between the thirties and the nineties is reviewed, focusing on the following aspects: state intervention for the purpose of regulation of workplace relations, evolution of remuneratory patterns, impact of paid work force at the occupation´s overall and labor unions performance. It is analyzed the origin, dynamics and characteristics of informal work segment presence in the national productive structure. Then it is examined the labor conditions that emerge from the kind of small business and informal entrepreneurs this segment generates, which are not organized following the typical capitalistic way. A synthesis of the Maranhão´s economic history is then presented along with the current situation of labor market in Brazil and particularly of the northeastern state, through comparative analysis of figures on distribution of occupations among economic active population, formality labor level among paid work force and selfemployed workers, income levels and distribution of informal sector. The informality of employment relations presents three different contexts that need to be identified in order to reflect on efficiency and effectiveness of labor inspection work: the informal segment of productive structure, flexibilization and deregulation of the labor market´s regulatory framework and inefficiency and inadequacy of human natural resources as well as organizational conditions for the labor inspection activities development Regarding labor inspection as a policy, brief considerations will be taken on conditionalities of formulation and implementation of public policies in capitalists societies, determined by organic relation between state and capital. These conditionalities and the correlation of forces between workers and capitalists, regulated by the state, will generate a labor inspection that be or well or poorly organized, trained and equipped in order to fight informality on employment relations to ensure effectiveness of the employment protection norms. / Estudo sobre a atuação da Inspeção do Trabalho para a redução da informalidade nas relações de emprego no Brasil e, em especial, no Maranhão contemporâneo. Resgata-se parte da literatura especializada sobre a formação e estruturação do mercado de trabalho brasileiro, entre as décadas de 1930 a 1990, tendo como eixos analíticos: a intervenção do Estado na regulação do mercado de trabalho, a evolução do padrão remuneratório, a participação do trabalho assalariado no total das ocupações e a atuação dos sindicatos. Analisam-se a origem, a dinâmica e as características do segmento informal da estrutura produtiva, no qual se estabelecem pequenos negócios e produtores autônomos que não estão organizados em moldes tipicamente capitalistas e examinam-se as condições de trabalho prevalecentes. Apresenta-se uma síntese da trajetória recente da economia maranhense e da situação atual do mercado de trabalho no Brasil e no Maranhão, mediante a análise comparativa de indicadores sobre a distribuição ocupacional da população economicamente ativa, o grau de formalização dos assalariados e trabalhadores autônomos, os níveis de renda e a composição do segmento informal. A informalidade das relações de emprego apresenta três contextos originários, cuja identificação é necessária para a reflexão sobre a eficácia e efetividade da Inspeção do Trabalho para a sua redução: o segmento informal da estrutura produtiva, a flexibilização e desregulamentação do marco regulatório sobre o mercado de trabalho e a ineficiência e inadequação dos recursos materiais, humanos e das condições organizacionais para o desenvolvimento das ações de fiscalização. Considerando-se a Inspeção do Trabalho como uma política pública, tecem-se breves considerações sobre os condicionantes da formulação e implementação de políticas públicas nas sociedades capitalistas, determinados pela relação orgânica entre Estado e capital. No limite desses condicionantes, a correlação de forças entre trabalhadores e capitalistas, mediada pelo Estado, resulta em uma Inspeção do Trabalho mais ou menos organizada, capacitada e aparelhada para o enfrentamento da informalidade das relações de emprego e para a garantia da efetividade das normas de proteção do trabalho.

Ce mémoire porte sur la qualité du travail dans l’économie de plateformes. Nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement au transport rémunéré de personnes par automobile, un secteur qui fut fortement bouleversé par l’arrivée massive des plateformes numériques au cours des dernières années. Nous souhaitons comprendre en quoi et par quels moyens les plateformes numériques, bien qu’elles témoignent de nouvelles possibilités de contrôle sur les travailleurs, constituent aussi de nouveaux espaces de pratiques émergentes d’émancipation. À travers ce rapport dialectique, nous porterons une attention toute particulière à l’autonomie, une notion qui nous apparaît transversale pour appréhender la qualité du travail dans cet univers hautement digitalisé. Comment et dans quelle mesure l’autonomie apparente associée au travail de plateforme confère-t-elle aux travailleurs les moyens d’améliorer la qualité de leur travail et de s’émanciper? À l’inverse, cette autonomie apparente dissimule-t-elle de nouvelles modalités de contrôle et d’assujettissement ? Afin d’explorer ces questions, nous avons choisi d’explorer deux plateformes concurrentes : la populaire plateforme Uber, multinationale et figure de proue de cette nouvelle économie, et la plateforme Eva, une alternative coopérative dite « socialement responsable » et québécoise. Des entretiens semi-dirigés avec des chauffeurs travaillant sur l’une ou l’autre des plateformes, ou simultanément avec chacune d’entre elles, permettent une compréhension nuancée de l’expérience des travailleurs et des logiques autonomes et hétéronomes qui traversent celle-ci. La recherche interroge finalement le concept de zone grise d’emploi, récemment mobilisé dans la littérature sur l’économie de plateformes. Nous souhaitons mettre en relief comment les zones grises dans lesquelles sont plongés les travailleurs de plateformes participent à nourrir ces rapports dialectiques d’autonomie/contrôle et d’émancipation/assujettissement. Autrement dit, nous souhaitons voir si ces travailleurs sont en mesure de s’approprier ces zones grises d’emploi de manière à initier des expérimentations émancipatrices, en tension avec l’investissement hétéronome de ce même espace par les employeurs. / This thesis focuses on the quality of work in the platform economy. We are particularly interested in the remunerated passenger transportation by automobile, a sector that has been greatly disrupted by the massive arrival of digital platforms in recent years. We wish to understand how and in what ways digital platforms, although they demonstrate new possibilities of control over workers, also constitute new spaces of emerging emancipatory practices. Through this dialectical relationship, we will pay particular attention to autonomy, a notion that appears to us to be transversal to the understanding of the quality of work in this highly digitalized universe. How and to what extent does the apparent autonomy associated with platform work give workers the means to improve the quality of their work and empower themselves? Conversely, does this apparent autonomy conceal new modalities of control and subjugation? In order to explore these questions, we chose to explore two competing platforms: Uber, a multinational and figurehead of this new economy, and Eva, a local cooperative alternative known as “socially responsible”. Semi-directed interviews with drivers working on either platform, or simultaneously with both, allow for a nuanced understanding of the workers' experience and the autonomous and heteronomous logic that cross it. Finally, the research questions the concept of the grey zone of employment, recently mobilized in the literature on the platform economy. We wish to highlight how the grey zones in which platform workers are immersed contribute to nourishing these dialectical relationships of autonomy/control and emancipation/subjugation. In other words, we want to see if these workers are able to appropriate these grey areas of employment in order to initiate emancipatory experiments, in tension with the heteronomous investment of this same space by employers.

The final thesis deals with the theme of termination of employment contracts from the perspective of the law and the practice of the company. The aim of thesis is to introduce the reader to the issue of employment termination, to show the changes of Act No. 262/2006 Coll. Labour Code that became effective on January 1, 2012 with amendment No. 365/2011 Coll. in the theme of this thesis and to identify practices of employment termination in the monitored company. The methods used are observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis. In the theme of termination of employment contracts, the focus is given to termination by the employee, employer or by mutual agreement and also to invalid employment termination. However, the reader is in the first chapters familiarized with employment relations and subjects of these relations as well. A separate part of the thesis is concerned on the practice of company doing business in the banking sector, in this part are described practices of this company in terminating employment relationships and the impact of the amendment to the Labour Code on the monitored company.