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The validation of two burnout measures in the South African earthmoving equipment industry / A.M. le RouxLe Roux, Anleri Martha January 2004 (has links)
The objectives of this study were to validate the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey
(MBI-GS) and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), to determine the construct equivalence
and item bias of these instruments for employees in an earthmoving equipment industry in South
&ca of different language groups, to determine the correlation between the MBI-GS and the
OLBI, and to investigate the relationship between burnout and various demographic
characteristics. A random sample of 326 employees in an earthmoving equipment industry of
eight provinces in South Africa was taken. The MBI-GS, the OLBI and a biographical
questionnaire were used as measuring instruments. Cronbach alpha coefficients, inter-item
correlation coefficients, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients and exploratory factor
analysis were used to analyse the data
The results showed that three factors of the MBI-GS and two factors of the OLBI exist for
different language groups. Exploratory factor analysis with target rotations confirmed the
construct equivalence of the three factors of the MBI-GS and the two factors for the OLBI for
different language groups. No evidence was found for uniform or non-uniform bias of the items
of the MBI-GS or the OLBI for different language groups. Results indicated that no differences
with respect to levels of burnout exist between various demographic characteristics.
Recommendations were made for further research. / Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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"A transferência de tecnologia na USP: um estudo multicaso no Departamento de Física e Matemática e nas faculdades de medicina e odontologia - campus Ribeirão Preto - e nas empresas do setor de equipamentos médicos, hospitalares e odontológicos" / "The tecnology transfer at USP: a multicase study in the Physics and Mathematics Departament and in the Medical School and Dentistry School - Ribeirão Preto campus - and in the companies of the medical, hospital and odontologic equipment industry"Elcio Eduardo de Paula Santana 17 December 2005 (has links)
Esta dissertação verificou as possibilidades de transferência de tecnologia do Departamento de Física e Matemática, da Faculdade de Medicina e da Faculdade de Odontologia, instalados no campus da Universidade de São Paulo em Ribeirão Preto, para o setor de equipamentos médicos hospitalares e odontológicos EMHO. O método utilizado foi o estudo de multicasos, em que se pesquisou as unidades universitárias citadas, além de cinco empresas da região da mesma cidade que integram o referido setor. O foco da pesquisa recaiu sobre as entidades universitárias, mas também foram obtidas informações junto ao meio empresarial para que se pudesse extrair uma amostra do pensamento dessa classe quanto à universidade, no que se refere à transferência de tecnologia. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, tanto com os pesquisadores da USP quanto com os executivos das empresas. Concluiu-se que existem possibilidades de transferência de tecnologia das unidades universitárias pesquisadas para o setor de EMHO, contudo, existem muitos ajustes a serem efetuados, devido à grande quantidade de barreiras encontradas na cooperação universidade-empresa. Todavia, também foram observados diversos facilitadores no processo de interação entre a academia e as empresas desse setor; devem ser reforçados os facilitadores já existentes e implementada grande parte daqueles que foram sugeridos, no intuito de aumentar as possibilidades de realização do processo de transferência de tecnologia. / This thesis has verified the possibilities of technology transfer from the Department of Physics and Mathematics, the Medical School and the Dentistry School, located in the campus of USP in Ribeirão Preto, to the medical, hospital and odontologic equipment industry. The method applied was the multicase study, in which the university units were studied, as well as five companies in the vicinity of the same city which take part in the forementioned industry. The focus of the research laid in the university entities, but information was also obtained from the business environment, in order to extract a sample of the thought of this class, concerning the university with reference to technology transfer. The data was collected by means of in-depth interviews, with the researchers from USP, as well as with the companies executives. The conclusion was that there are possibilities of technology transfer from the studied university unities to the medical, hospital and odontologic equipment industry; however, there are a lot of adjustments to be made, due to the great quantity of barriers found in the university-industry cooperation. Nevertheless, a great number of facilitating factors were observed in the interaction process between academy and the companies of this industry; the existing facilitating factors should be reinforced and a great part of those ones which were suggested should be implemented, in order to increase the possibilities of carrying out the process of technology transfer.
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Evaluating Servitization in the Manufacturing Equipment Industry / Utvärdering av Tjänstefiering inom TillverkningsindustrinSamuelsson, Sofia January 2018 (has links)
In the manufacturing equipment industry, sensors integrated in manufacturing equipment is a prerequisite for higher levels of servitization, such as maintenance and product support services, as the sensors can provide data of equipment usage. In this study, a framework called Evaluation of readiness of servitization has been developed, where manufacturing equipment companies can evaluate whether they benefit from developing new solutions with a higher level of servitization. In the evaluation of servitization, a company in the manufacturing equipment industry should consider the following three factors; Value proposition’s fulfilment of customer needs, Market acceptance of value proposition and Internal capabilities to develop and deliver the solution. This study shows that all three factors must be considered for a justified evaluation. The study is based on a single case study on the manufacturing equipment company Atlas Copco Industrial Technique, and a literature review on servitization in the manufacturing industry. This study shows that uncertainty about customer needs and market acceptance of the new value proposition that servitization entails, constitute obstacles to develop new solutions with a higher level of servitization. Thereby, it is of great importance to a manufacturing equipment company to assess readiness both internally and externally when evaluating if they benefit from developing new solutions with a higher level of servitization. / Inom tillverkningsindustrin är sensorer i verktyg en möjliggörare för att utveckla tjänster, såsom underhålls- och produktsupporttjänster, då sensorerna kan tillhandahålla data om verktygens användning. I denna studie har ett ramverk benämnt Utvärdering av beredskap för tjänstefiering utvecklats. Med hjälp av ramverket kan tillverkande företag utvärdera om de profiterar av att utveckla nya lösningar med högre servicegrad. Vid utvärdering av tjänstefiering bör ett företag inom tillverkningsindustrin beakta följande tre faktorer; Värdeerbjudandets uppfyllande av kundbehov, Marknadens acceptans av värdeerbjudandet och Intern förmåga att utveckla och leverera lösningen. Denna studie visar att samtliga faktorer måste beaktas för en motiverad utvärdering. Denna studie är baserad på en litteraturstudie om tjänstefiering inom tillverkningsindustrin och en fallstudie om tillverkningsföretaget Atlas Copco Industriteknik. Studien visar att bristande kunskap om kundbehov och marknadens acceptans av det nya värdeerbjudande som tjänstefiering innebär utgör hinder för företag inom tillverkningsindustrin för att kunna utveckla värdeerbjudande med högre servicenivå. Studien visar även att det av stor betydelse för tillverkningsföretag att bedöma beredskap både internt och externt vid utvärdering av beredskap för tjänstefiering.
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Artificial Intelligence as a Catalyst for Supply Chain Resilience: A Qualitative Study Comparing Scania and Volvo in the Construction Equipment IndustrySafi, Aymen, Amyari Khamneh, Ramak January 2023 (has links)
Abstract Date: 2023-05-30 Level: Master thesis in Business Administration, 15 cr Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors: Ramak Amyari Khamneh (84/01/29), Aymen Safi (00/03/27) Title: Artificial Intelligence as a Catalyst for Supply Chain Resilience: A Qualitative Study Comparing Scania and Volvo in the Construction Equipment Industry Supervisor: Emre Yildiz Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Supply Chain Resilience, Construction Equipment Industry, Disruptions, Agility, Redundancy Research question: How do Scania and Volvo interpret and implement Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies to enhance supply chain resilience and mitigate disruptions in the construction equipment industry? Purpose: The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate how Scania and Volvo interpret and implement AI technologies to enhance supply chain resilience and mitigate disruptions in the construction equipment industry. Method: Qualitative Conclusion: The conclusion of the master thesis is that Scania and Volvo have successfully implemented AI technologies to enhance supply chain resilience in the construction equipment industry, despite challenges, and see AI as a critical component for future supply chain strategies.
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A business strategy for Svedala International (Hong Kong) Limited in China.January 1994 (has links)
by Yim Fu Cheong, Terence. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-67). / abstract --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF EXHIBITS --- p.vi / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.vii / CHAPTER / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Svedala Industri AB --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Svedala Products --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Civil Engineering Sector --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Mineral Processing Sector --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Bulk Material Handling Sector --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Svedala Customers --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Svedala's Mission in China --- p.5 / Chapter 1.5 --- Methodology --- p.7 / Chapter II. --- FUTURE DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1 --- Economic Situation --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2 --- Major Technology Introducing Projects --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- What are the Bottlenecks? --- p.12 / Chapter 2 .4 --- Energy Projects --- p.19 / Chapter 2.5 --- Coal Mining Projects --- p.20 / Chapter 2.6 --- Transport Projects --- p.21 / Chapter 2.7 --- Other Construction Projects of Interest to Svedala --- p.24 / Chapter III. --- OPPORTUNITIES FOR SVEDALA --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1 --- Crushing & Screening Division --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2 --- Compaction Division --- p.26 / Chapter 3.3 --- Grinding Division --- p.27 / Chapter 3.4 --- Bulk Material Handling Division --- p.28 / Chapter IV. --- SUMMARIES OF INTERVIEWS AND IMPLICATIONS --- p.31 / Chapter 4.1 --- Crushing & Screening Division --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2 --- Compaction and Bulk Material Handling Division --- p.32 / Chapter V. --- STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF SVEDALA --- p.35 / Chapter 5.1 --- Crushing & Screening Division --- p.35 / Chapter 5.2 --- Compaction Division --- p.36 / Chapter 5.3 --- Grinding Division --- p.37 / Chapter 5.4 --- Bulk Material Handling Division --- p.38 / Chapter VI. --- THREATS TO SVEDALA --- p.40 / Chapter 6.1 --- Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) Trade Status --- p.40 / Chapter 6.2 --- Drastic Policy Changes --- p.41 / Chapter 6.3 --- Land Appreciation Tax --- p.42 / Chapter 6.4 --- Skyrocketing Costs of Operations --- p.43 / Chapter 6.5 --- Upward Trend of Interest Rates --- p.44 / Chapter 6.6 --- Government Regulations --- p.45 / Chapter VII. --- RECOMMENDED STRATEGY FOR SVEDALA --- p.46 / Chapter 7.1 --- Business Strategy for China --- p.46 / Chapter 7.2 --- Product Strategy --- p.46 / Chapter 7.3 --- Pricing Strategy --- p.49 / Chapter 7.4 --- Distribution Strategy --- p.49 / Chapter 7.5 --- Promotion Strategy --- p.51 / Chapter 7.6 --- Research & Development Strategy --- p.51 / Chapter 7.7 --- Human Resources Strategy --- p.52 / Chapter 7.8 --- Finance Strategy --- p.53 / Chapter VIII. --- CONCLUSION --- p.54 / APPENDICES --- p.57 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.63 / REFERENCES --- p.66
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The effects of solar irradiated Salmonella Typhimurium and campylobacter jejuni on the proliferation and activation of macrophages in vitroChihomvu, Patience 12 1900 (has links)
D. Tech. (Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences), Vaal University of Technology. / Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Campylobacter jejuni are the leading causes of Salmonellosis and Campylobacteriosis that is characterised by gastroenteritis. These waterborne diseases can be easily prevented by home water treatment methods such as solar disinfection (SODIS). The SODIS process involves placing microbiologically unsafe water in clear plastic or glass bottles and exposing them to direct sunlight for approximately six to eight hours. SODIS kills microbes through a combination of DNA-damaging effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and thermal inactivation from solar heating. The result is microbiologically safe water. Continuous drinking of SODIS treated water may confer some immunological effects on the consumer. These immunological effects have not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to firstly, characterise the effects of solar irradiation on the viability of S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni; secondly, to determine the cytotoxicity and modulation of cell death of solar irradiated S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni on macrophages. Thirdly, to analyse the chemokine and cytokine profiles of macrophages infected with solar irradiated S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni. Lastly, to analyse the host-cell interactions of macrophages infected with solar-irradiated and non-solar irradiated S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni using a proteomic approach.
In all the experiments, S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni were (i) heat/chemically treated, (ii) solar and non-solar irradiated for 4 and 8 hours. A murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was co-cultured with the differentially treated bacteria species for 3 and 24 hours. Appropriate controls were included.
The impact of solar irradiated S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni on intracellular growth, proliferation, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis on macrophages was assessed. Intracellular growth of the both bacterial species was assessed with the gentamicin protection assay, and cytotoxicity was determined by Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay (LDH). The macrophages treated with solar irradiated S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni showed no intracellular growth after 48 hours post-infection. However, the non-irradiated S. Typhimurium survived within the macrophages and were highly toxic to the macrophages (average cytotoxicity of 91%±32). The non-solar irradiated C. jejuni were metabolically active but non-culturable, whereas the solar-irradiated C. jejuni was metabolically inactive. Thus, solar irradiated C. jejuni showed a lower percentage cytotoxicity (2.57% ± 0.32%) in comparison to non-solar irradiated C. jejuni at 24 hours post-infection (p.i.) (30.28% ± 0.05%). Flow cytometric analysis showed that the non-irradiated S. Typhimurium brought about a statistically significant increase in the percentage of necrotic cells (48% ± 2.99%), whereas bacteria irradiated for 8 hours produced a lower percentage of necrotic cells (25% ± 5.87%). The heat/chemical attenuated samples had the lowest percentage of necrotic cells (21.15% ± 5.36%) at 24 h p.i. Macrophages treated with solar irradiated and non-solar irradiated C. jejuni did not induce necrosis, but apoptotic cell death. At 24 h p.i., the highest proportion of apoptotic cell death was observed in macrophages treated with non-solar irradiated C. jejuni whereas the solar irradiated C. jejuni showed a lower percentage of apoptotic cell death. Therefore, there is great possibility that S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni could become avirulent after SODIS treatment and this could prevent gastroenteritis in consumers of SODIS-treated water.
The activation of macrophages infected with solar irradiated S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni was also assessed in this study. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was determined using the Greiss Reagent Assay, whereas the production of chemokines, cytokines, and growth stimulating factors by the RAW264.7 cells in vitro was measured using the Luminex 200. The results showed that both solar and non-solar irradiated S. Typhimurium inhibited the production of nitric oxide in the RAW264.7 cells. The heat/chemically attenuated S. Typhimurium induced a significant increase (p<0.0.5) in the production of NO2− in the macrophages when compared to the unstimulated RAW264.7. The chemokine and cytokine levels produced by the macrophages were similar in the solar inactivated S. Typhimurium and the live untreated S. Typhimurium. However, macrophages treated with heat/chemically attenuated S. Typhimurium showed an anti-inflammatory response by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-17 in macrophages. The macrophages treated with solar and non-solar irradiated C. jejuni possibly produced an anti-inflammatory effect since the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the samples was significantly reduced during the late infection period (24 h p.i.).
This study also analysed the proteomic profiles of macrophages treated with LPS, non-solar irradiated, solar irradiated, heat/ chemical inactivated S. Typhimurium, and C. jejuni. This was carried out using SWATH-mass spectrophotometry-based proteomics. Proteins were extracted from infected macrophages after 24 hours p.i. HILIC-based sample clean-up and digestion, DDA LCMS-MS (spectral library), SWATH LCMS-MS, and data processing were carried out. A total of 15,077 peptides matching to 2,778 proteins were identified at 1% FDR with numerous differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) detected in macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), non-solar irradiated C. jejuni (NS), heat-attenuated C. jejuni (HA) and 4h-solar irradiated (SI4) and 8h-solar irradiated (SI8) C. jejuni, respectively. Pathway analysis revealed that most of the upregulated proteins in macrophages treated with solar irradiated C. jejuni were involved in oxidation-reduction processes, endoplasmic reticulum stress, transport, antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigens via MHC class I (TAP-dependant) and ATP-biosynthetic processes. The KEGG-pathways also revealed the roles of some upregulated proteins in lysosomal and phagosome pathways. In conclusion, our results revealed that there is coordinated up-regulation of MHC-I processing pathways occurred at 24 h p.i. It is likely that proteins from solar irradiated C. jejuni may undergo proteasomal degradation, and the peptides are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and loaded onto MHC-I molecules. Peptide loading results in class I complexes consolidation and transit to the cell surface where antigens can be presented to circulating CD8 + T cells. Additionally, solar irradiated C. jejuni also undergoes degradation in the phagosome. The phagosome has the potential to create antigens that can be expressed on the cell surface of macrophages to stimulate different lymphocytes and induce appropriate immune responses, thus, connecting the innate to adaptive immunity, and this could also have health benefits via the consumption of SODIS treated water.
However, proteomic analysis of S. Typhimurium showed no significant differentially expressed proteins in macrophages treated with LPS, non-solar irradiated, and solar irradiated S. Typhimurium. This may be due to an overestimation of the extracted protein. However, DEPs in macrophages treated with heat-attenuated S. Typhimurium showed that macrophages may have adapted an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype because the IFN-γ signalling pathway was downregulated. This may have contributed to non-expression of the chemokine IFN-γ in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, proteins such as Hmox1 and Sqstm1 were upregulated, and this is also characteristic of M2 macrophages.
This study provided new insights on the effect of solar irradiated Salmonella Typhimurium and Campylobacter jejuni on the proliferation and activation of macrophages in vitro.
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Predictive Maintenance as a Tool for Servitization : The case of a value-added reseller in the construction equipment industry / Prediktivt underhåll som ett verktyg för tjänstefiering : En studie av en värdeskapande återförsäljare inom branschen för anläggningsmaskinerKihlborg, Max, Lilja, Adam January 2022 (has links)
The construction equipment industry has been slow to increase its level of servitization, compared to other related sectors such as the car and flight industries. The fundamental problem is the endless variants of machines and business settings that their customers operate in. Hence, scaling up standardized solutions has been a struggle in the industry. Moreover, the manufacturers are often disconnected from the end customers, where value-added resellersoften act as the middlemen selling machines and offering the services connected to them. They generally have better customer relationships than manufacturers, which implies a better situation for servitization. Companies in the construction equipment industry are pushed more toward data-driven decision-making. One such case is utilizing log data from the machines to predict the remaining useful life. A technology referred to as predictive maintenance. Henceforth, the value-added resellers could potentially increase their level of servitization with service offerings that derive from this technology. This thesis explores the role predictive maintenance has in advancing the level of servitization in the construction equipment industry. This thesis was conducted through a single-case study of a value-added reseller in the construction equipment industry, with a practical model-building part inspired by the methodology of action research. Findings indicate that predictive maintenance implies benefits for servitization purposes by gaining insights about how and when construction equipment fails. However, there are barriers to implementing a predictive maintenance model; both technical and organizational. This thesis suggests systematically evaluating capabilities related to the identified barriers and investing accordingly. Predictive maintenance is an essential tool for providing advanced service agreements in the form of Productivity-as-a-Service. In the end, it comes down to what risk the value-added resellers are willing to take; (1) the risk of incumbency, allowing competitors to implement predictive maintenance and gain market shares or (2) the risk of investing excessively and failing to overcome the challenges related to the implementation of predictive maintenance. This thesis contributes to findings regarding the intersection between servitization and predictive maintenance in the construction equipment industry. More specifically, through the lens of a value-added reseller. From a sustainability perspective, implications may affect companies to reduce waste related to construction equipment maintenance and strengthening economic sustainability through recurring revenues. / Branschen för anläggningsmaskiner har varit långsam med att öka sin nivå av tjänstefiering, jämfört med andra relaterade sektorer som bil- och flygindustrin. Det grundläggande problemet är de många varianterna av maskiner och arbetsmiljöer som deras kunder verkar i. Därför har det varit en utmaning inom branschen att skala upp standardiserade lösningar. Dessutom är tillverkarna ofta bortkopplade från slutkunderna, där värdeskapande återförsäljare agerar rollen som mellanhand för att sälja maskiner och erbjuda relaterade tjänster. De har generellt sett bättre kundrelationer än tillverkarna, vilket innebär andra förutsättningar för tjänstefiering. Företag inom branschen för anläggningsmaskiner drivs alltmer mot datadrivna beslut. Ett sådant fall är att använda data från anläggningsmaskinerna för att förutspå den återstående livslängden. En teknologi som kallas prediktivt underhåll. Till följd av detta kan värdeskapande återförsäljare potentiellt öka sin nivå av tjänstefiering med tjänsteerbjudanden som härrör från denna teknik. Detta examensarbete undersöker vilken roll prediktivt underhåll har för att förbättra nivån av tjänstefiering inom branschen för anläggningsmaskiner. Studien genomfördes som en fallstudie av en värdeskapande återförsäljare inom branschen för anläggningsmaskiner, samt en del inspirerad av aktionsforskning innehållandes att utveckla en modell för prediktivt underhåll. Resultaten tyder på att prediktivt underhåll har tydliga fördelar för tjänstefiering genom att bidra med insikter om hur och när anläggningsmaskiner går sönder. Däremot finns hinder för att implementera en modell för prediktivt underhåll; varav många relaterar till organisatorisk tröghet. Detta examensarbete föreslår att man systematiskt utvärderar förmågor relaterade till de identifierade hindren och investerar därefter. Prediktivt underhåll är ett viktigt verktyg för att tillhandahålla avancerade serviceavtal i form av ”Productivity-as-a-Service”. I slutändan handlar det om vilken risk värdeskapande återförsäljare är villiga att ta; (1) risken att inte investera i tekniken och bli irrelevant när nya aktörer eller konkurrenter avancerar eller (2) risken att investera mycket, men att ändå inte lyckas komma över utmaningarna med att implementera prediktivt underhåll. Denna uppsats bidrar till insikter om skärningspunkten mellan tjänstefiering och prediktivt underhåll inom branschen för anläggningsmaskiner. Mer specifikt genom värdeskapande återförsäljares lins. Ur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv kan dessa implikationer påverka företag att minska avfall relaterat till underhåll av anläggningsmaskiner samt stärka dess ekonomiska hållbarhet genom återkommande intäkter.
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Investigating climate change intervention strategies in opencast mining contracting and plant hire companies: a case of mutual construction company group of companies, South AfricaMatangira, Peace Aaron 06 1900 (has links)
Climate change has come to be understood as a deleterious phenomenon, which threatens business, society and ecological systems, thus making it imperative to understand its impact on human, social and economic activities as well as the impact of these activities on climate change. Against this background, this research sought to determine climate change intervention strategies in the mining supply chain in general, specifically focussing on opencast mining contracting and plant hire companies’ practices. This focus on the mining industry was driven by its importance in South Africa and globally, despite its significant direct and indirect contribution to climatic changes.
The mixed-methods multiple case study focused on the climate change management of the Mutual Construction Company Group of Companies (MCCGC), an open cast toll mining firm and equipment supplier. Limited to two sites, Pilanesberg Platinum Mines (PPM) and Tharisa Minerals (Tharisa) Mines, the researcher gathered data through interviews, questionnaires, observations and document review. Data was analysed through deductive content analysis. The research made three major findings: (i) the MCCGC, like its principals PPM and Tharisa, does not have an explicit climate change management strategy. Instead, climate change is managed indirectly through implicit strategies seeking to manage environment, health and safety concerns of the mines, (ii) as a contractor, the MCCGC has had to adopt PPM and Tharisa’s implicit approach to climate change management strategies to meet contractual obligations, instead of an explicit approach and, (iii) the MCCGC and its principals’ commitment to environment, health and safety management, and implicitly climate change management, is not mere rhetoric but is being put into practice.
The research concluded that MCCGC’s lack of expressed climate change management intentions and practices exposed the firm to climate change risks, most notably financial risks and reputation risks. Financial risks arise from possible ex post climate change liability. In addition, MCCGC is risking its contract tenures, particularly if the two mines change ownership and the new owners insist on an explicit rather than implied climate change strategy with all its suppliers. Reputational risks arise from the possible failure to attract new clientele and investors who may perceive MCCGC as a risky partner, due to an inept climate change intervention strategy / College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences / M. Sc. (Environmental Management)
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As interfaces entre a clínica, o complexo econômico-industrial da saúde e a organização dos serviços no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde: o caso da fase pré-clínica do câncer do colo do útero / The interfaces between the clinic, the economic-industrial complex and the organization of health services under the National Health System: the case of preclinical cancer of the cervixGomes, Fátima Meirelles Pereira January 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2009 / O presente estudo teve como objetivo contribuir na formulação da política de controle do câncer do colo do útero junto ao INCA no Brasil e teve como foco a análise das interfaces existentes entre a clínica, o complexo econômico-industrial da saúde (CEIS) e a organização dos serviços no SUS, utilizando como caso a fase pré-clínica do câncer do colo do útero, com ênfase ao tratamento e acompanhamento das lesões precursoras. As justificativas foram: a magnitude epidemiológica, econômica, social e política docâncer de colo do útero no Brasil; o papel estratégico do INCA na formulação da política nacional de câncer e a inserção das ações de controle do câncer do colo do úterono CEIS. O estudo consistiu em uma pesquisa exploratória de cunho descritivo, em que foram privilegiadas as técnicas de coleta e análise quantitativa de dados secundários. O material e método utilizados envolveram dados de sistemas de informações de domínio público divulgados na internet. Os resultados encontrados foram que os aspectos e recursos críticos envolvidos nessa fase pré-clínica estão relacionados às dificuldades de acesso ao rastreamento, à fragmentação da atenção especializada de média complexidade interferindo sobre o ciclo de atendimento que envolve o tratamento e acompanhamento das lesões precursoras e, por fim, ao tipo de financiamento do SUS para a atenção especializada que não contempla um ciclo de atendimento. O número de municípios com registro de produção no SUS (colposcopia, biópsia do colo do útero e CAF) mostrou uma evolução discreta entre os anos de 2000 e 2007, com predomínio do prestador público municipal em colposcopia e biópsia e uma migração para o prestador privado para CAF. Embora os procedimentos ocorram no mesmo município, isso não significa que eles ocorram na mesma unidade. Este fato gera uma fragmentação das ações relacionadas ao ciclo de atendimento. Através do mapeamento das indústrias, observou-se que grande parte delas é de origem brasileira e que seus equipamentos estão atrelados a um conjunto de acessórios para seu funcionamento. Isto caracterizauma relação de interdependência setorial que traz péssimas conseqüências para o SUS. Por fim, no Brasil, o desenvolvimento tecnológico aplicado às indústrias da saúde tornou-se distante da prática clínica, apresentando um modelo baseado em serviços de acompanhamento à doença, em que se mobilizam recursos para tratar as suas conseqüências o que muitas vezes não garante uma melhoria de saúde da população. Além do que, o tratamento e acompanhamento das lesões precursoras estão muito relacionados às dimensões que envolvem saúde e desenvolvimento. / The present study aimed at the contribution to INCA on the formulation of the policy on
the control of uterine cervical neoplasms in Brazil. It focused on the analysis of the existing
interfaces among clinic, health industrial and economic complex (CEIS) and health services organization and administration at SUS by using the preclinical phase of uterine cervical neoplasms with emphasis on the treatment and precursor lesions followup. The justifications were the epidemiological, economical, social and political magnitude of uterine cervical neoplasms in Brazil; the strategic role of INCA in the
formulation of cancer national policy and the insertion of control actions of uterine
cervical neoplasms in CEIS.The study consisted of an exploratory research with descriptive content, which priviledged the collection techiniques and quantitative analysis of secondary data. The material and the method used in the research involved data of information systems of public dominion available on the internet. The results
were that the aspects and critical resources involved in this preclinical phase are related
to the access dificulty to tracking of the illness, to the fragmented specialized attention
of medium complexity – which interfers on the care cycle that involves the treatment and precursor lesions follow-up – and finally to the sort of SUS financial support to the specialized attention that does not embraces a care cycle. The number of municipalities with a production registration at SUS (colposcopy, uterine cervical biopsy and CAF) showed a slight evolution between years 2000 and 2007 with predominance of
municipal public supplier in colposcopy and biopsy. In relation to CAF it was observed
a migration to the private supplier. Although the procedures occur in the same municipality it does not mean that they occur at the same unit. This fact causes a fragmentation of the actions related to the care cycle. By maping the industries, it was observed that their majority is Brazilian and the equipment they produce is connected to a group of accessories to allow their operation. This characterizes an interdependent sectorial relation that brings terrible consequences for SUS. Finally, in Brazil, the technological development applied to health industries became distant of practical
clinic, presenting a model based on the illness follow-up services in which resources are
mobilized to treat its consequences – this fact does not mean a better population health.
Besides, the treatment and precursor lesions follow-up are deeply related to the
dimensions involving health and development.
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