Global ETD Search

1	Photo-performance : a study of the performativity of Butoh dance photography Bieszczad-Roley, Karolina January 2010 (has links) This thesis analyses the detailed performativity and the intuitive act of photographing the Japanese dance form Butoh. It argues that the photographer’s embodied experience constitutes an ‘inner’ performance and introduces new terms: the photo-performance and the photo-actor. The author argues that the photo-performance, similarly to Butoh dance, manifests itself not only in physically apparent (visually perceived) movements but also within the multi-modal pre-reflective consciousness of the reciprocal interaction between the photo-actor and a Butoh dancer.Butoh has been widely photographed since it began in 1959 in Japan. However studies formalising the relationship between dancers and photographers have been largely absent in academic research so far. Butoh photographers such as Nourit Masson-Sekine (1988, 2006, 2008) or Maja Sandberg (2003) suggest that their photographic act places them closer to the performers than the rest of the audience and, as a result, they become part of the dance itself. However, Butoh dancers including Yoshito Ohno (1938 - ) and Tatsumi Hijikata (1928 – 1986) amongst others, express their concerns as to whether photographs can capture the essence of their art. This thesis confronts the tensions between the fields of dance and photography by elucidating the performative dimension of dance photography.This thesis brings the qualities of the Butoh photographer’s performative act to the forefront by using interdisciplinary methods to attain an intersubjective knowledge of the nature of the photographer’s experience. The methods include: a practical research presented in a form of case studies of the photographic projects carried out by the author in London with various Butoh dancers; an analysis of the structure of the photographer’s subjective experience through the use of first-person methodologies (an explicitation interview); an analysis of theories of theatre represented by Tadeusz Kantor (1915 – 199) and Jerzy Grotowski (1933 – 1999) whose work helps to develop the notion of a performative body; and a description of the photo-performance aesthetic and the performative potential of photographic documents informed by cognitive phenomenology. This thesis argues that drawing attention to the performativity of Butoh photography would contribute greatly to the pedagogical aspects of photography and performing arts. 708 Explicitation Interview
2	Le travail de yoga en cours de danse contemporaine. Analyse anthropologique de l'expérience corporelle. / The yoga work in contemporary dance class. Anthropological analysis of the bodily experience. Cazemajou, Anne 29 November 2010 (has links) Cette recherche s’intéresse au travail de yoga, tel qu’il est enseigné à des adultes amateurs dans le cadre de l’enseignement de la danse contemporaine de Toni D’Amelio, à l’école Peter Goss (Paris 10e). C’est la nature de l’expérience corporelle vécue par les élèves ainsi que les modalités de sa construction qui font l’objet de cette analyse. Ancrée dans une approche anthropologique, elle se caractérise par l’utilisation de la technique de l’entretien d’explicitation – méthodologie inédite dans la recherche en danse – pour interroger l’expérience subjective des acteurs.Les propos des élèves ont fait émerger le rôle central des consignes, ainsi que la manière dont ce travail de yoga s’articule autour d’un « dispositif savant », qui cristallise pour les élèves l’idée d’un savoir adéquat. Or, ce dispositif s’est avéré insuffisant pour expliquer la nature de l’expérience corporelle qu’il produit. L’étude met ainsi en évidence la manière dont ce dispositif est concrètement mis en œuvre et dont les consignes fonctionnent, dans la pratique, comme « embrayeurs d’action et de perception ». Enfin, l’analyse montre comment la parole de l’enseignante, à l’insu pour ainsi dire des élèves et d’elle-même, crée un véritable enchantement du dispositif. / This research focuses on the work of yoga, as taught to amateur adult pupils in the context of the contemporary dance teaching of Toni D’Amelio, at the Peter Goss school in Paris. It is the nature of this corporeal experience as lived by the pupils, as well as the modes of its construction, which form the subject of this analysis. Grounded in an anthropological approach, this analysis is characterized by the use of the explicitation interview to investigate the subjective experience of the pupils.The central role of the teacher’s instructions emerged from the pupils’ own words, as well as the way this yoga work is articulated around a scholarly “apparatus”, which crystallizes for the pupils the idea of an adequate knowledge. However, this “apparatus” proved insufficient to explain the nature of the corporeal experience it produces. The study thus underscores the way this “apparatus” is brought into play and the way the instructions function as triggers for action and perception. Finally, this analysis demonstrates how the speech act of the teacher, without either the pupils’ or her own knowledge, creates a real enchantment of the “apparatus”. Danse contemporaine Yoga Experience corporelle Transmission Entretien d'explicitation Contemporary dance Yoga Corporeal experience Transmission Explicitation interview.
3	Autonomie et pouvoir dans les pratiques d’intervention en santé mentale en milieux communautaires : perspectives d’intervenantes Rivet, Camille 12 1900 (has links) Cette étude sociologique porte sur le travail des intervenantes communautaires en santé mentale en relation avec les personnes qu’elles accompagnent. Le contexte actuel dans lequel se déroulent les pratiques d’intervention en santé mentale est caractérisé par une injonction contraignante à l’autonomisation des personnes accompagnées. C’est pourquoi, nous avons fait le pari de comprendre comment se traduit l’autonomie dans les pratiques d’intervention en santé mentale dans des organismes communautaires, à travers la perspective d’intervenantes. En nous inscrivant dans une démarche exploratoire et analytique, s’appuyant sur un cadre d’analyse interactionniste, incluant les concepts d’autonomie et de la street-level-bureaucracy, nous avons décortiqué d’une part, comment les intervenantes exercent leur pouvoir discrétionnaire dans le cadre d’actions situées, régulées par des contraintes de nature organisationnelle, et d’autre part, comment les interactions d’intervention sont des espaces d’observation des jeux d’autonomie. Pour ce faire, nous avons privilégié une méthode qui nous permet d’entrer au cœur des pratiques des intervenantes communautaires en santé mentale, soit l’entretien d’explicitation. À travers ces entretiens, les interviewées ont produit un récit d’une situation d’intervention choisie. Ces données sont découpées en trois corpus (contextuel, narratif et représentatif) que nous avons analysés sous la forme d’études de cas transversales. Celles-ci nous informent sur les spécificités de la relation dynamique entre l’autonomie des professionnelles et celle des personnes accompagnées, selon les professionnelles de l’intervention. Ainsi, nous concluons que les jeux d’autonomie prennent une forme bidirectionnelle qui découle en « cascade », c’est-à-dire que l’autonomie des professionnelles influence directement celle des personnes accompagnées. Les jeux d’autonomie sont aussi empreints d’une hiérarchie relationnelle, alors que tous et toutes ont une « reddition de compte » à faire pour l’expression de leur autonomie, les intervenantes envers leur milieu de pratique et les personnes accompagnées envers les professionnelles. / This sociological study focuses on relational work of community mental health workers. The current context in which community mental health intervention occurs is characterized by a binding rule to empower the people they accompany. This leads us to seek to better understand how personal autonomy in mental health intervention unfolds in the context of specific situations that arise in community organizations. The thesis presents an exploratory and analytical study, based on an interactionist framework, and guided by two approaches. First, street-level-bureaucracy, which allows us to capture the strategies of relational workers in constraining organisational contexts; and second, the concept of “autonomy” defined as dynamic relational power in contexts of interaction. We analyzed how community mental health workers, on the one hand, exercise their discretionary power within their work milieu, and on the other hand, how they see their own autonomy and that of a person they were accompanying, in the context of a situated intervention. Our principal method of data collection, the explication interview, allowed us to delve deeply into the practices of community mental health workers, as they were invited to produce a detailed narrative of a specific intervention situation. These narratives were then integrated and reconstructed in the form of three textual data sets (contextual, narrative and reflexive) that were coded using both thematic and grounded theory procedures, and analysed transversely to produce insights into the situated autonomy of the community mental health workers, and their negotiated autonomy in the context of intervention interactions. We found that, from the perspective of the community mental health workers we interviewed, autonomy in the context of intervention has a bidirectional dynamic, in that the autonomy of the workers influences that of the people they accompany, but is also conditioned by the autonomy exercised by the people they are helping. There is none the less a hierarchical cascade that can be observed, in so far as the workers must justify their strategic intervention choices to the community organizations in which they work and to their colleagues, while the people they help must justify their choices to them. Autonomie Interactionnisme Intervention Empowerment Entretien d’explicitation Organismes communautaires Pouvoir Santé mentale Street-level bureaucracy Autonomy Community organization Explicitation interview Interactionism Intervention practices Mental health Power dynamics
4	Action in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: an Enactive Psycho-phenomenological and Semiotic Analysis of Thirty New Zealand Women's Experiences of Suffering and Recovery Hart, M J Alexandra January 2010 (has links) This research into Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) presents the results of 60 first-person psycho-phenomenological interviews with 30 New Zealand women. The participants were recruited from the Canterbury and Wellington regions, 10 had recovered. Taking a non-dual, non-reductive embodied approach, the phenomenological data was analysed semiotically, using a graph-theoretical cluster analysis to elucidate the large number of resulting categories, and interpreted through the enactive approach to cognitive science. The initial result of the analysis is a comprehensive exploration of the experience of CFS which develops subject-specific categories of experience and explores the relation of the illness to universal categories of experience, including self, ‘energy’, action, and being-able-to-do. Transformations of the self surrounding being-able-to-do and not-being-able-to-do were shown to elucidate the illness process. It is proposed that the concept ‘energy’ in the participants’ discourse is equivalent to the Mahayana Buddhist concept of ‘contact’. This characterises CFS as a breakdown of contact. Narrative content from the recovered interviewees reflects a reestablishment of contact. The hypothesis that CFS is a disorder of action is investigated in detail. A general model for the phenomenology and functional architecture of action is proposed. This model is a recursive loop involving felt meaning, contact, action, and perception and appears to be phenomenologically supported. It is proposed that the CFS illness process is a dynamical decompensation of the subject’s action loop caused by a breakdown in the process of contact. On this basis, a new interpretation of neurological findings in relation to CFS becomes possible. A neurological phenomenon that correlates with the illness and involves a brain region that has a similar structure to the action model’s recursive loop is identified in previous research results and compared with the action model and the results of this research. This correspondence may identify the brain regions involved in the illness process, which may provide an objective diagnostic test for the condition and approaches to treatment. The implications of this model for cognitive science and CFS should be investigated through neurophenomenological research since the model stands to shed considerable light on the nature of consciousness, contact and agency. Phenomenologically based treatments are proposed, along with suggestions for future research on CFS. The research may clarify the diagnostic criteria for CFS and guide management and treatment programmes, particularly multidimensional and interdisciplinary approaches. Category theory is proposed as a foundation for a mathematisation of phenomenology. action Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Chronic Immune Deficiency Syndrome enaction social enaction social enactivism enactive psycho-phenomenological psychophenomenological vipassana groundlessness mind-body korper leib co-generative Focusing co-creative environment Antonio Damasio reciprocal constraints Pierre Vermersch Claire Petitmengin Antione Lutz narrative discourse phenomenal invariants Evan Thompson Merleau-Ponty Algirdis Julien Greimas Husserl first-person Fransisco Varela modelling invariants Natalie Depraz isotope John Boyd OODA loop Jonathan Shear Shaun Gallagher Arthur Kleinman Humberto Maturana second-person Alva Noe Dan Zahavi stages Embodied Mind Canterbury Wellington New Zealand non-dual non-reductive embodied phenomenological third-person graph-theoretical cluster analysis cognitive science experience solution subject-specific categories universal categories universal categories self energy illness process intersubjectivity Mahayana Buddhism contact narrative recovered making sense recursive loop perception dynamical decompensation neurology diagnosis empathy treatment management neurophenomenological neurophenomenology consciousness veracity agency multidimensional interdisciplinary category theory enculturation mathematisation of phenomenology interview nomenclature diagnostic criteria incidence prevalence coping strategy etiology epidemiology psychosomatic medicine meaning women girl female anthropology sociology cognitive behavioral therapy exercise therapy recovery mindful awareness suffering symbolisation Prasangika no-self aggregates wheel of karma cognition basic element analysis mental factors operational closure stereotypes enactive ontologically fragile self grief process-knowledge epoche phenomenal invariants textual invariants compound meaning saturation formalisation cluster analysis inter-session review inter-individual validation explicitation interview intricacy confidence psychophenomenology self-esteem sanction self dis-integration permanence continuity ego-self emotion surrender semiotic square meditation empathy semiotic compassion existential feelings goal obstruction movement transformation change somatic Giovanna Colombetti agoraphobia panic anxiety psychotherapy sleep rest pain weakness strength stamina Diego Cosmelli heaviness food chemicals allergy recovering despair frustration helplessness fear efference valence afference as-if-body-loop consciousness representation attention recovery intention sustainable sustainability neurasthenia existential feelings asthenia hysteria mononucleosis samatha-vispasnya prajna vijnana Eugene Gendlin Abhidharma dukkha shamatha interdependence vipashyana

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