Global ETD Search

1	La subjectivité des décisions régulatrices des enseignants stagiaires d’Education Physique et Sportive / Subjectivity regulatory decisions of Physical Education and Sports trainee teachers Candy, Laure 02 December 2016 (has links) Les décisions de régulation représentent une très grande part de l’activité de l’enseignant en classe et un facteur clé dans les apprentissages et les progrès des élèves. Or, de nombreux travaux démontrent les difficultés des enseignants stagiaires à s’adapter à la singularité du contexte de la leçon. Ce travail vise donc à appréhender les logiques décisionnelles régulatrices des enseignants stagiaires et notamment au travers de leur subjectivité. Nous mobilisons à la fois les divers travaux s’intéressant à l’activité de l’enseignant en classe, ceux relatifs aux théories de l’activité humaine et leur transposition au monde de l’enseignement et enfin ceux relatifs à la vision psychophénoménologique pour comprendre et caractériser l’activité décisionnelle régulatrice des enseignants stagiaires. Nous faisons également un tour d’horizon de la formation initiale telle qu’elle s’organise actuellement et dans l’académie de Créteil particulièrement. Nos options méthodologiques sont guidées par le souci de rendre compte de la subjectivité, de la singularité et de la complexité des décisions régulatrices en contexte réel. Dans le cadre d’une triangulation des données nous mobilisons plusieurs outils méthodologiques tels que l’entretien semi-dirigé et l’entretien composite pour lequel l’entretien d’explicitation constitue le cœur du dispositif. Les résultats démontrent que les logiques décisionnelles régulatrices sont largement dominées par des modes de fonctionnement convergents et partagés, largement imprégnés par des attentes institutionnelles liées à leur statut d’enseignant stagiaire et à leur formation initiale. Les logiques subjectives sont révélées dans l’expression de mode de fonctionnement cognitifs propres à chaque enseignant stagiaire. / Decisions of regulation represent a very large part of the physical education and sport’s teacher's activity in their class and a key factor in pupil’s learning and progress. However, many studies demonstrate the difficulties of trainee teachers to adapt to the singularity of the context of the lesson. This work aims to apprehend the physical education and sport’s trainee teacher’s decisions of regulation logic, especially through their subjectivity. We mobilize both the various works focusing on the teacher's activity in class, those relating to theories of human activity and their transposition to the world of education and finally those relating to the psychophenomenological vision to understand and characterize the decision of regulation activity of trainee teachers. We also do an overview of initial training as it is currently organized and particularly in the Academy of Créteil. Our methodological choices are guided by the need to take account of subjectivity, singularity and complexity of decisions of regulation in real context. As part of a triangulation of data we mobilize several methodological tools such as semi-structured interview and mixed interview for which the maintenance of explicitness is the heart of the device. The results demonstrate that the decision of regulation’s logic are largely dominated by converging and shared operating modes, widely impregnated with institutional expectations for their trainee teacher status and initial training. The subjective logic are revealed in the expression of cognitive mode unique to each trainee teacher. Enseignants stagiaires Décisions de régulation Psychophénoménologie Formation initiale Trainee teacher Decisions of regulation Psychophenomenology Initial training 370.1
2	Le sentiment identitaire professionnel / Professional identity feeling Appriou Ledesma, Laurence 05 October 2018 (has links) La recherche porte sur le sentiment identitaire professionnel des débutants infirmiers. Elle interroge le vécu subjectif des débuts professionnels et éclaire les rapports entre les dynamiques identitaires (Kaddouri, 2006) en jeu dans cette transition (Guichard, 2007) et l’émergence de la professionnalité. La méthodologie qualitative dans le cadre d’une approche psychophénoménologique (Vermersch, 2012), permet de questionner la logique personnelle du sujet dans ces moments (Mouchet, 2014), en mobilisant principalement les concepts de sentiment identitaire (Erikson, 1968 ; Allport, 1970 ; Tap, 1988) et de professionnalité émergente (Jorro, 2011). L’étude longitudinale s’appuie sur des entretiens compréhensifs (Kaufmann, 2014), d’explicitation (Vermersch, 1994) avec décryptage de sens (Faingold, 1998, 2011) et d’explicitation biographique (Lesourd, 2009). Les résultats mettent en évidence l’émergence d’un sentiment identitaire professionnel nécessaire à la construction de la professionnalité émergente spécifique des débutants infirmiers, et pourraient être pris en compte pour repenser leur accompagnement. / The doctoral research focuses on nursing beginners’professional identity feeling. It questions subjective experience about starting and enlightens the relations between identity dynamics (Kaddouri, 2006) during this transition (Guichard, 2007) and the emergence of the beginner’s professionalism. The qualitative methodology, in a psychophenomenology approach (Vermersch, 2012), questions personal subject logic in these moments (Mouchet, 2014) ; it mainly relies on concepts of identity feeling (Erikson, 1968; Allport, 1970; Tap, 1988) and emerging professionalism (Jorro, 2011).The longitudinal study is based on comprehensive interviews (Kaufmann, 2014), elicitation interviews (Vermersch, 1994) completed with the decryption of meanings (Faingold, 2011) and biographical interviews combined with elicitation (Lesourd, 2009).The results reveal a professional identity feeling which emerges among the beginners, and which is useful to develop their specific emerging beginning professionalism, and help to reconsider the professional accompaniment. Sentiment identitaire professionnel Professionnalité émergente Débutants infirmiers Psychophénoménologie Entretien d’explicitation Vécu subjectif Professional identity feeling. Emerging professionalism. Nursing beginners Psychophenomenology Elicitation interview Subjective experience 610.730 69
3	Le vécu subjectif des apprentis en situation professionnelle comme ressource en apprentissage / The subjective experience of apprentices in a professional situation as a learning resource Lecefel, Pierre 15 November 2019 (has links) Dans la présente thèse, l’hypothèse selon laquelle un dispositif d’analyse de pratiques professionnelles basé sur l’entretien d’explicitation a un impact sur le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle des formateurs de CFA et de leurs apprentis est émise. Ici, l’idée est que le modelage de maîtrise, définit par Bandura (1986), comme le processus d'acquisition d'un comportement par l'observation d'un modèle, se fait au travers de la verbalisation par un apprenti de moments vécus en entreprise. À cette occasion, ses pairs, qui assistent à l’entretien, peuvent opérer un transfert de compétences des situations de travail grâce à « l’exposition à des modèles réels ou symboliques manifestant des compétences et des stratégies utiles [qui] augmente la croyance des sujets en leurs propres capacités » (Bandura, 1982 ; Schunk, 1987, cités par Bandura, 2007, p. 144). Cette approche s’inscrit dans une volonté de valoriser l’analyse après coups de l’activité (Pastré, 2011) dans la formation des apprentis afin de développer leur intelligence au travail.Ici, l'enjeu scientifique consiste donc à documenter l'impact d'une modalité de formation, qui utilise l'action mise en œuvre puis explicitée a posteriori, sur le développement des acteurs d'un centre de formation d'apprentis (CFA). Durant une année scolaire, un groupe expérimental, composé de 32 apprentis, suit une modalité de formation avec ateliers de professionnalisation (Faingold, 2014), quand un autre groupe contrôle, composé de 37 apprentis, est soumis à une modalité de formation usuelle, soit sans ateliers de professionnalisation. Les scores du SEP des deux groupes sont mesurés en prétest puis en posttest à l’aide de l’échelle du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle de l’apprenti en situation professionnelle de Lecefel, Ramassamy et Troadec (soumis), puis une analyse de variance (ANOVA) est effectuée afin de comparer la variance des moyennes des scores de ces groupes après l’intervention. Ce design quasi-expérimental montre des résultats statistiquement significatifs quant à la modalité de formation proposée. Ainsi, le SEP des deux groupes varie entre le prétest et le posttest. En effet, celui du groupe expérimental progresse alors que celui du groupe contrôle diminue. L’ANOVA mixte appliquée à la variance des moyennes des scores confirme un effet d’interaction significatif, F(1,67)= 7,99 ; p =.006 et une taille d’effet moyen des ateliers de professionnalisation (Faingold, 2014) sur le SEP des apprentis d = .53 (Cohen, 1988). / In this thesis, the hypothesis that a system of professional practice analysis based on the explanation interview has an impact on the self-efficacy of apprenticeship training centre (ATC) trainers and their apprentices is put forward. Here, the idea is that mastery modelling, defined by Bandura (1986) as the process of acquiring behaviour through the observation of a model, is done through the verbalization by an apprentice of moments lived in a company. On this occasion, his peers, who attend the interview, can transfer skills from work situations through "exposure to real or symbolic models that demonstrate useful skills and strategies[that] increase subjects' belief in their own abilities" (Bandura, 1982; Schunk, 1987, cited by Bandura, 2007, p. 144). This approach is part of a desire to enhance the after-the-fact analysis of the activity (Pastré, 2011) in the training of apprentices in order to develop their intelligence at work.Here, the scientific challenge is therefore to document the impact of a training modality, which uses the action implemented and then explained afterwards, on the development of the actors of an ATC. During a school year, an experimental group, composed of 32 apprentices, follows a training modality with professionalization workshops (Faingold, 2014), while another control group, composed of 37 apprentices, is subjected to a usual training modality, i.e. without professionalization workshops. The self-efficacy scores of both groups are measured in pre-test and post-test using the Lecefel, Ramassamy and Troadec (submitted) Apprenticeship Self-Efficacy Scale, and then an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is performed to compare the variance of the mean scores of these groups after the intervention. This quasi-experimental design shows statistically significant results regarding the proposed training modality. Thus, self-efficacy of both groups varies between pre-test and post-test. Indeed, the experimental group's rate of progress is increasing while the control group's rate is decreasing. The mixed ANOVA applied to the variance of the mean scores confirms a significant interaction effect, F(1.67)= 7.99; p =.006 and an average effect size of the professionalization workshops (Faingold, 2014) on the self-efficacy of apprentices d =.53 (Cohen, 1988). Didactique professionnelle Psychophénoménologie Analyse de l’activité Entretien d’explicitation Sentiment d’efficacité personnelle Subjectivité Professional didactics Activity analysis Psychophenomenology Explanation interview Subjectivity Self-efficacy 331.259 22
4	Action in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: an Enactive Psycho-phenomenological and Semiotic Analysis of Thirty New Zealand Women's Experiences of Suffering and Recovery Hart, M J Alexandra January 2010 (has links) This research into Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) presents the results of 60 first-person psycho-phenomenological interviews with 30 New Zealand women. The participants were recruited from the Canterbury and Wellington regions, 10 had recovered. Taking a non-dual, non-reductive embodied approach, the phenomenological data was analysed semiotically, using a graph-theoretical cluster analysis to elucidate the large number of resulting categories, and interpreted through the enactive approach to cognitive science. The initial result of the analysis is a comprehensive exploration of the experience of CFS which develops subject-specific categories of experience and explores the relation of the illness to universal categories of experience, including self, ‘energy’, action, and being-able-to-do. Transformations of the self surrounding being-able-to-do and not-being-able-to-do were shown to elucidate the illness process. It is proposed that the concept ‘energy’ in the participants’ discourse is equivalent to the Mahayana Buddhist concept of ‘contact’. This characterises CFS as a breakdown of contact. Narrative content from the recovered interviewees reflects a reestablishment of contact. The hypothesis that CFS is a disorder of action is investigated in detail. A general model for the phenomenology and functional architecture of action is proposed. This model is a recursive loop involving felt meaning, contact, action, and perception and appears to be phenomenologically supported. It is proposed that the CFS illness process is a dynamical decompensation of the subject’s action loop caused by a breakdown in the process of contact. On this basis, a new interpretation of neurological findings in relation to CFS becomes possible. A neurological phenomenon that correlates with the illness and involves a brain region that has a similar structure to the action model’s recursive loop is identified in previous research results and compared with the action model and the results of this research. This correspondence may identify the brain regions involved in the illness process, which may provide an objective diagnostic test for the condition and approaches to treatment. The implications of this model for cognitive science and CFS should be investigated through neurophenomenological research since the model stands to shed considerable light on the nature of consciousness, contact and agency. Phenomenologically based treatments are proposed, along with suggestions for future research on CFS. The research may clarify the diagnostic criteria for CFS and guide management and treatment programmes, particularly multidimensional and interdisciplinary approaches. Category theory is proposed as a foundation for a mathematisation of phenomenology. action Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Chronic Immune Deficiency Syndrome enaction social enaction social enactivism enactive psycho-phenomenological psychophenomenological vipassana groundlessness mind-body korper leib co-generative Focusing co-creative environment Antonio Damasio reciprocal constraints Pierre Vermersch Claire Petitmengin Antione Lutz narrative discourse phenomenal invariants Evan Thompson Merleau-Ponty Algirdis Julien Greimas Husserl first-person Fransisco Varela modelling invariants Natalie Depraz isotope John Boyd OODA loop Jonathan Shear Shaun Gallagher Arthur Kleinman Humberto Maturana second-person Alva Noe Dan Zahavi stages Embodied Mind Canterbury Wellington New Zealand non-dual non-reductive embodied phenomenological third-person graph-theoretical cluster analysis cognitive science experience solution subject-specific categories universal categories universal categories self energy illness process intersubjectivity Mahayana Buddhism contact narrative recovered making sense recursive loop perception dynamical decompensation neurology diagnosis empathy treatment management neurophenomenological neurophenomenology consciousness veracity agency multidimensional interdisciplinary category theory enculturation mathematisation of phenomenology interview nomenclature diagnostic criteria incidence prevalence coping strategy etiology epidemiology psychosomatic medicine meaning women girl female anthropology sociology cognitive behavioral therapy exercise therapy recovery mindful awareness suffering symbolisation Prasangika no-self aggregates wheel of karma cognition basic element analysis mental factors operational closure stereotypes enactive ontologically fragile self grief process-knowledge epoche phenomenal invariants textual invariants compound meaning saturation formalisation cluster analysis inter-session review inter-individual validation explicitation interview intricacy confidence psychophenomenology self-esteem sanction self dis-integration permanence continuity ego-self emotion surrender semiotic square meditation empathy semiotic compassion existential feelings goal obstruction movement transformation change somatic Giovanna Colombetti agoraphobia panic anxiety psychotherapy sleep rest pain weakness strength stamina Diego Cosmelli heaviness food chemicals allergy recovering despair frustration helplessness fear efference valence afference as-if-body-loop consciousness representation attention recovery intention sustainable sustainability neurasthenia existential feelings asthenia hysteria mononucleosis samatha-vispasnya prajna vijnana Eugene Gendlin Abhidharma dukkha shamatha interdependence vipashyana

1

Page generated in 0.4668 seconds