Global ETD Search

1	Etude de la coordination interpersonnelle au football : contribution à l'amélioration du jeu de transition offensive / Study of the interpersonal coordination in the soccer : Contribution to the improvement of the game of offensive transition Gesbert, Vincent 03 December 2014 (has links) Le jeu de transition offensive est défini comme le passage pour une équipe d’un statut de défenseur à celui d’attaquant. Selon les entraîneurs de football, ce moment, symbolisé par la récupération du ballon dans la dynamique du jeu, offre des potentialités plus importantes d’inscrire un but. Ce travail de thèse a ainsi cherché à décrire la coordination entre les partenaires durant la réalisation de plusieurs moments de transition offensive extraits de matchs au cours d’une saison. Il s’inscrit dans la ligne de recherche de la cognition collective. Il cherche à décrire le partage de contenus cognitifs permettant aux membres d’une équipe de se coordonner dans un environnement dynamique et incertain. Par coordination, nous entendons l’articulation des contributions interdépendantes de plusieurs joueurs d’une même équipe en vue d’atteindre un objectif commun. Nous avons d’abord caractérisé les connaissances partagées par les joueurs autour du jeu de transition offensive au début du championnat. Nous avons ensuite décrit les relations entre les buts visés par les joueurs durant la réalisation de ces moments ainsi que le partage d’informations contextuelles et de connaissances en acte. Notre étude apporte des éléments relatifs à la compréhension d’un collectif sur un moment particulier du jeu. A partir des résultats, nous contribuons à la réflexion sur les dispositifs d’entraînement au football en nous référant au cadre de l’ergonomie constructive. Nous introduisons notamment les concepts de capabilités et d’environnements capacitants dans l’aide au développement d’un collectif efficace / In team sports, offensive transition situation is defined as the switch from defensive to offensive status as a consequence of a beneficial turn-over in the ball possession. For soccer coaches, this situation is considered to give rise to opportunities to score a goal. The whole aim of this work is to describe and characterize how teammates of a same team are coordinated themselves during various offensive transition situations in situ. For this purpose, we adopt the team cognition’s line of research to describe the way teammates share cognitive contents enabling coordination. First, we have identified knowledge elements shared by players related to offensive transition situation at the beginning of the season. Then, we have characterized (a) the forms of connection between the objectives aimed at by the players, (b) the sharing of contextual information and (c) the sharing of knowledge elements during offensive transition situations. Our results shed the light on new knowledge elements for the comprehension of a team during complex and dynamic situations as such as diversity of shared elements and characterization of the evolution of the forms of sharedness. As a practical perspective, we propose a reflection about soccer training based on the constructive ergonomics approach supporting approach of both capabities and enabling environments for the development of efficacy collective in soccer. Action collective Psycho-phénoménologie Entretien d'explicitation Environnement capacitant Team cognition Psycho-phenomenological approach Elicitation interview Enabling environment 796
2	Vers une théorie philosophique du processus créatif artistique de la Durantaye, Félix 08 1900 (has links) En dépit des efforts de théorisation qui ont été portés sur le sujet de la créativité par le métadiscours philosophique contemporain, peu d’attentions ont été dirigées au côté « descriptif » de la chose. Dans les récents développements en enseignement et pratique des arts ainsi qu’en psychologie, on observe toutefois, et avec raison, un intérêt croissant pour ce genre d’étude qui mérite à nouveau sa place parmi les grands thèmes de la philosophie. Cette thèse prétend qu’il existe, à l’endroit du phénomène de la créativité, certaines dynamiques psycho-phénoménologiques à la fois génériques (tout domaine confondu), mais également plus spécifiques des institutions paradigmatiques qui ont été en l’occurrence observées, soit les arts (et les sciences). Nous croyons également que toute entreprise théorique descriptive et donc soucieuse de connaître et d’expliquer le plus respectueusement et fidèlement possible ces réalités doit tenir un compte avisé de ces lois. / Despite the otherwise noteworthy efforts for honorific theorisation on the part of contemporary philosophers, it is our concern here that nothing much has been done in this field concerning the growing but still misunderstood field of creativity in terms of “descriptive” accounts. Recent discoveries in the arts and psychology have witnessed a growing and justified interest for this very kind of research, which has earned, we believe, its rightful place alongside the most debated philosophical questions. This theory tries to point out some of the most intricate psycho-phenomenological structures of real-life creativity, some of it general (all domains combined) and some more institution-specific. For the sake of this thesis, we have limited the field of our inquiry to the most notorious case, which is now considered to be the arts. It is our belief that every descriptive theoretical enterprise wishing to initiate an understanding of these worlds in a truthful and respectful way should, at least, be mindful of this structure. philosophie créativité art science théorie psycho-phénoménologique processus poïétique philosophy creativity art science theory psycho-phenomenological process poïesis Philosophy / Philosophie (UMI : 0422)
3	Vers une théorie philosophique du processus créatif artistique de la Durantaye, Félix 08 1900 (has links) En dépit des efforts de théorisation qui ont été portés sur le sujet de la créativité par le métadiscours philosophique contemporain, peu d’attentions ont été dirigées au côté « descriptif » de la chose. Dans les récents développements en enseignement et pratique des arts ainsi qu’en psychologie, on observe toutefois, et avec raison, un intérêt croissant pour ce genre d’étude qui mérite à nouveau sa place parmi les grands thèmes de la philosophie. Cette thèse prétend qu’il existe, à l’endroit du phénomène de la créativité, certaines dynamiques psycho-phénoménologiques à la fois génériques (tout domaine confondu), mais également plus spécifiques des institutions paradigmatiques qui ont été en l’occurrence observées, soit les arts (et les sciences). Nous croyons également que toute entreprise théorique descriptive et donc soucieuse de connaître et d’expliquer le plus respectueusement et fidèlement possible ces réalités doit tenir un compte avisé de ces lois. / Despite the otherwise noteworthy efforts for honorific theorisation on the part of contemporary philosophers, it is our concern here that nothing much has been done in this field concerning the growing but still misunderstood field of creativity in terms of “descriptive” accounts. Recent discoveries in the arts and psychology have witnessed a growing and justified interest for this very kind of research, which has earned, we believe, its rightful place alongside the most debated philosophical questions. This theory tries to point out some of the most intricate psycho-phenomenological structures of real-life creativity, some of it general (all domains combined) and some more institution-specific. For the sake of this thesis, we have limited the field of our inquiry to the most notorious case, which is now considered to be the arts. It is our belief that every descriptive theoretical enterprise wishing to initiate an understanding of these worlds in a truthful and respectful way should, at least, be mindful of this structure. philosophie créativité art science théorie psycho-phénoménologique processus poïétique philosophy creativity art science theory psycho-phenomenological process poïesis Philosophy / Philosophie (UMI : 0422)
4	Action in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: an Enactive Psycho-phenomenological and Semiotic Analysis of Thirty New Zealand Women's Experiences of Suffering and Recovery Hart, M J Alexandra January 2010 (has links) This research into Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) presents the results of 60 first-person psycho-phenomenological interviews with 30 New Zealand women. The participants were recruited from the Canterbury and Wellington regions, 10 had recovered. Taking a non-dual, non-reductive embodied approach, the phenomenological data was analysed semiotically, using a graph-theoretical cluster analysis to elucidate the large number of resulting categories, and interpreted through the enactive approach to cognitive science. The initial result of the analysis is a comprehensive exploration of the experience of CFS which develops subject-specific categories of experience and explores the relation of the illness to universal categories of experience, including self, ‘energy’, action, and being-able-to-do. Transformations of the self surrounding being-able-to-do and not-being-able-to-do were shown to elucidate the illness process. It is proposed that the concept ‘energy’ in the participants’ discourse is equivalent to the Mahayana Buddhist concept of ‘contact’. This characterises CFS as a breakdown of contact. Narrative content from the recovered interviewees reflects a reestablishment of contact. The hypothesis that CFS is a disorder of action is investigated in detail. A general model for the phenomenology and functional architecture of action is proposed. This model is a recursive loop involving felt meaning, contact, action, and perception and appears to be phenomenologically supported. It is proposed that the CFS illness process is a dynamical decompensation of the subject’s action loop caused by a breakdown in the process of contact. On this basis, a new interpretation of neurological findings in relation to CFS becomes possible. A neurological phenomenon that correlates with the illness and involves a brain region that has a similar structure to the action model’s recursive loop is identified in previous research results and compared with the action model and the results of this research. This correspondence may identify the brain regions involved in the illness process, which may provide an objective diagnostic test for the condition and approaches to treatment. The implications of this model for cognitive science and CFS should be investigated through neurophenomenological research since the model stands to shed considerable light on the nature of consciousness, contact and agency. Phenomenologically based treatments are proposed, along with suggestions for future research on CFS. The research may clarify the diagnostic criteria for CFS and guide management and treatment programmes, particularly multidimensional and interdisciplinary approaches. Category theory is proposed as a foundation for a mathematisation of phenomenology. action Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Chronic Immune Deficiency Syndrome enaction social enaction social enactivism enactive psycho-phenomenological psychophenomenological vipassana groundlessness mind-body korper leib co-generative Focusing co-creative environment Antonio Damasio reciprocal constraints Pierre Vermersch Claire Petitmengin Antione Lutz narrative discourse phenomenal invariants Evan Thompson Merleau-Ponty Algirdis Julien Greimas Husserl first-person Fransisco Varela modelling invariants Natalie Depraz isotope John Boyd OODA loop Jonathan Shear Shaun Gallagher Arthur Kleinman Humberto Maturana second-person Alva Noe Dan Zahavi stages Embodied Mind Canterbury Wellington New Zealand non-dual non-reductive embodied phenomenological third-person graph-theoretical cluster analysis cognitive science experience solution subject-specific categories universal categories universal categories self energy illness process intersubjectivity Mahayana Buddhism contact narrative recovered making sense recursive loop perception dynamical decompensation neurology diagnosis empathy treatment management neurophenomenological neurophenomenology consciousness veracity agency multidimensional interdisciplinary category theory enculturation mathematisation of phenomenology interview nomenclature diagnostic criteria incidence prevalence coping strategy etiology epidemiology psychosomatic medicine meaning women girl female anthropology sociology cognitive behavioral therapy exercise therapy recovery mindful awareness suffering symbolisation Prasangika no-self aggregates wheel of karma cognition basic element analysis mental factors operational closure stereotypes enactive ontologically fragile self grief process-knowledge epoche phenomenal invariants textual invariants compound meaning saturation formalisation cluster analysis inter-session review inter-individual validation explicitation interview intricacy confidence psychophenomenology self-esteem sanction self dis-integration permanence continuity ego-self emotion surrender semiotic square meditation empathy semiotic compassion existential feelings goal obstruction movement transformation change somatic Giovanna Colombetti agoraphobia panic anxiety psychotherapy sleep rest pain weakness strength stamina Diego Cosmelli heaviness food chemicals allergy recovering despair frustration helplessness fear efference valence afference as-if-body-loop consciousness representation attention recovery intention sustainable sustainability neurasthenia existential feelings asthenia hysteria mononucleosis samatha-vispasnya prajna vijnana Eugene Gendlin Abhidharma dukkha shamatha interdependence vipashyana

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