A neuropatia diabética causa diminuição ou perda da sensibilidade protetora do pé, tornando-o mais vulnerável ao trauma mecânico e térmico. A profilaxia das complicações neuropáticas tem início pela identificação da perda de sensibilidade e, portanto, do comprometimento neurológico. O Pressure Specified Sensory Device(TM) (PSSD) é um equipamento desenvolvido para quantificar o limiar de pressão, aplicada sobre a pele, necessária para que o paciente perceba o estímulo provocado por: um ponto estático, um ponto em movimento, dois pontos estáticos e dois pontos em movimento. Denominamos grupo estudo, aos trinta e quatro pacientes diabéticos do tipo 2, sem história prévia de feridas e/ou amputações nos pés que foram submetidos à avaliação de sensibilidade cutânea utilizando-se o PSSD(TM). Foram realizados testes nos territórios cutâneos dos nervos fibular profundo, plantar medial e ramo calcâneo do nervo tibial posterior. Estímulos foram provocados segundo as modalidades: um ponto estático (1 PE), um ponto em movimento (1 PD), dois pontos estáticos (2 PE) e dois pontos em movimento (2 PD), para as duas últimas modalidades. Previamente às modalidades 2PE e 2PD determinou-se o limiar de discriminação entre dois pontos estáticos (D2PE) e em movimento (D2PD). Foram realizados apenas no grupo estudo, testes com o monofilamento de Semmes-Weisntein nº 5,07 (MSW) e com o diapasão de 128 Hz. Vinte e oito pacientes não-diabéticos, submetidos aos mesmos testes, formaram o grupo controle. Para os limiares de sensibilidade, encontramos valores superiores no grupo estudo (p < 0,05). Ao compararmos os limiares de sensibilidade alcançados pelos pacientes diabéticos sensíveis e não sensíveis ao estímulo promovido pelo MSW nº 5,07 verificamos que o p-valor variou entre 0,018 < p < 0,113 para 1 PE e 0,002 < p < 0,083 para 2 PE, conforme o território cutâneo estudado. Na comparação dos limiares de sensibilidade da modalidade 1 PD entre diabéticos sensíveis e insensíveis à vibração do diapasão de 128 Hz, as diferenças não foram estatisticamente significantes (p = 0,183). Os resultados obtidos nos permitiram sugerir que o dispositivo PSSD(TM) seja utilizado como forma de acompanhamento do comprometimento da fibra nervosa. / Neuropathy is a severe progressive loss of protective sensation on the feet, making the patient more vulnerable to mechanical trauma and consequently more suitable to the development of chronic wounds, major distortion of the foot bone architecture and eventually to limb amputation. Prophylaxis should be enforced to avoid foot ulceration and for that, evaluation of the degree of loss of sensation on the skin is essential. The PSSD (Pressure Specified Sensory Device(TM)) was developed in order to quantify the threshold of pressure applied to the skin that could be recognized as positive by the patient. Pressure of one or two points is tested both statically and with movement, thus assessing the function of fast and slow response nerve fibers. Threshold of two-point discrimination was also measured in mm. Thirty four (n = 34) diabetic patients, type II, with no previous history of wounds on the lower extremity were studied using the tests, one point static (1PE), one point moving (1PD) and two points static (2 PE), and moving (2 PD) on the cutaneous territory of the fibular nerve and posterior tibial nerve (two territories - medial plantar and calcaneous nerves). The control group (28 non diabetic patients) was assessed by the same exams and the results were compared. In the diabetic group the cutaneous territories were also evaluated using the conventional Semmes-Weinstein filament nº 5,07 e vibrometer of the 128 Hz. Altered values were observed for the static and dynamic tests over the three studied nerve territories. The differences were statically significant (p < 0,05). Comparing the threshold of sensibility between sensitive and non sensitive diabetic patients to MSW nº 5,07 test, we observed that p-value range was 0,018 0,113 when 1PE test was applied, and 0,002 0,083 when 2PE test was applied, according to the cutaneous territories evaluated. Numeric quantification of the threshold of pressure allows us to determine the status of the fiber/receptor structures as well as the functional deficit of nerve fibers. Our findings suggest that PSSD(TM) is an adjuvant tool to evaluate the degree of loss of sensation on the skin.

Nowadays there is no unified method of prevention and correction of flat feet both in children in general, as well as in young athletes. The study was focused on development and justification of rehabilitation program of flat feet in young athletes of various specializations. Based on analyzed data, we formulated actuality of the above mentioned problem, studied anatomy of foot and described pathogenesis of foot deformation. 22 young athletes aged 5-6 years were recruited for the study. Questionnaire, planthography and analysis for vertical jumps with the use of force plate were applied. We developed rehabilitation program for young athletes with flat feet with the use of rough surfaces. Effectiveness of the proposed rehabilitation was confirmed during the experimental study. Guidelines and recommendations for trainers and physical therapists were developed for inclusion of this program into training process. / На сегодняшний день одной из важных проблем является отсутствие единой методики по профилактике и коррекции плоскостопия как среди детей, так и юных спортсменов. Цель исследования – разработать и обосновать программу реабилитации плоскостопия у юных спортсменов различной спортивной специализации. На основе проанализированных данных научной литературы была сформулирована актуальность проблемы, изучена анатомия стопы, описаны причины и механизм возникновения деформации. Исследование проводилось среди 22 спортсменов различной специализации в возрасте 5-6 лет с помощью опроса, плантографии и тензоплатформы. В результате исследования была разработана программа реабилитации при плоскостопии у юных спортсменов с использованием неровных поверхностей, проведен эксперимент. По результатам работы была выявлена эффективность программы реабилитации при плоскостопии. Были разработаны методические рекомендации для тренеров и специалистов в данной области по включению предлагаемой программы реабилитации в учебно-тренировочный процесс.

<p>This study researches fictional representations of dead bodies in two television series in which representations of dead bodies are prominent features. The study introduces a brief history of the  human body as a societal metaphor. The narrower theme of the study, the dead body as a cultural surface and carrier of meaning and ritual potential, is discussed through specific popular cultural television productions.</p><p>The two television series discussed in this study, <em>CSI: Miami </em>and <em>Six Feet Under</em>, are researched both through film analyses and focus group discussions. The film analyses have aimed<em> </em>to show to what use dead bodies are put in the narratives of the programs. The focus group discussions have sought to shed light on the audiences understanding of the meaning of the dead body, and also how this feature of the programs influence the audience and their experience of the programs.</p><p>The study shows that both series introduce and underline dead bodies as floating in-between subject and object status. A dead person is often introduced as a subject and then stripped of his or her cultural identity and reintroduced as an object or as having an uncertain cultural status which lies somewhere between object and subject. This borderline status of the body serves as a threat in the series, and the subject status of the body is reinstated in every case possible. Order is a central concept for the study and both series strive to reassert and maintain order, either in relationships or on a societal level. The reinstatement of order is reflected on the physical body as a metaphor and narrative device in both series. The reestablishment of the subject status of a dead body is part of this strive for order. The audience research concludes that all focus group members agree that the representations of dead bodies in the programs are important for their experience of the programs. Some find them unpleasant while others think they are interesting. The audience also listed several other themes of the programs which they found important. The representations of dead bodies strike the audience members both as “real” and material, and as metaphors.</p>

This study researches fictional representations of dead bodies in two television series in which representations of dead bodies are prominent features. The study introduces a brief history of the  human body as a societal metaphor. The narrower theme of the study, the dead body as a cultural surface and carrier of meaning and ritual potential, is discussed through specific popular cultural television productions. The two television series discussed in this study, CSI: Miami and Six Feet Under, are researched both through film analyses and focus group discussions. The film analyses have aimed to show to what use dead bodies are put in the narratives of the programs. The focus group discussions have sought to shed light on the audiences understanding of the meaning of the dead body, and also how this feature of the programs influence the audience and their experience of the programs. The study shows that both series introduce and underline dead bodies as floating in-between subject and object status. A dead person is often introduced as a subject and then stripped of his or her cultural identity and reintroduced as an object or as having an uncertain cultural status which lies somewhere between object and subject. This borderline status of the body serves as a threat in the series, and the subject status of the body is reinstated in every case possible. Order is a central concept for the study and both series strive to reassert and maintain order, either in relationships or on a societal level. The reinstatement of order is reflected on the physical body as a metaphor and narrative device in both series. The reestablishment of the subject status of a dead body is part of this strive for order. The audience research concludes that all focus group members agree that the representations of dead bodies in the programs are important for their experience of the programs. Some find them unpleasant while others think they are interesting. The audience also listed several other themes of the programs which they found important. The representations of dead bodies strike the audience members both as “real” and material, and as metaphors.

Chronological Bible storying generally assumes a universality of the story teller's theological perspective in selecting and shaping Bible stories interculturally. This paper argues against this approach and proposes a method of crafting contextualized Bible stories which resonate with the worldview of a receptor culture. The influence of the theological and cultural presuppositions of the story teller is reduced through the utilization of the receptor culture's worldview assumptions - those values and beliefs through which the impact of scripture is experienced. The empirical research consisted of observing the responses of Sindhi Muslim men to a reading of John 13:1-10 and then interviewing them to generate cultural expressions which revealed a relationship between their culture and the scripture passage. Analysis of the data disclosed themes which have scriptural referents and can be used as the basis for selecting and crafting Bible stories that resonate with worldview assumptions. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Missiology)

Title: Specific changes on feet of rhythmic gymnasts and possibilities of physiotherapeutic influence of the feet with the help of a movement program Objectives: An objective of the thesis is to assess a function and specific changes on feet of rhythmic gymnasts and to demonstrate a positive influence of a movement program on these changes and the deteriorated function of the foot. To summarize the results of existing studies focused on influencing of proper function of the foot and to gain useful information from this experiment not only for physiotherapists, trainers and modern gymnasts but also for laical, actively sporting public which exhibit the same issues with the foot area Methods: The main essence of this scientific-research quantitative study is an influencing of deteriorated function and specific changes on feet of rhythmic gymnasts with the help of a movement program. The program was performed after each practice (i.e. 4 times a week) through the course of 3 months. 10 probands in the age from 14 to 17 years participated in the program. The experiment was based on the method of a comparison of 2 questionnaires and an entrance and exit kinesiological analysis, the part of which was also a test according to Véle (with visual control/without visual control) and a plantogram. For their...

This thesis analyses image of Czechoslovakian pilots in local film production. It focuses on films about pilots from Second World War and pilots from Czechoslovak people's army. The aim of thesis is to define main characteristics of military pilots in selected films and compare their transformation through time. Analytic part will use visual, semiotic, discursive and narrative analysis concept as theoretical framework. Thesis works on the presumption that image transformation was highly influenced by historical and political development of country. It assumes that pilots from Second World War were portrayed positively in late 1960s and after year 1989 and pilots from Czechoslovak people's army were favored in era of normalization, particularly in 1970s and 1980s.

Chronological Bible storying generally assumes a universality of the story teller's theological perspective in selecting and shaping Bible stories interculturally. This paper argues against this approach and proposes a method of crafting contextualized Bible stories which resonate with the worldview of a receptor culture. The influence of the theological and cultural presuppositions of the story teller is reduced through the utilization of the receptor culture's worldview assumptions - those values and beliefs through which the impact of scripture is experienced. The empirical research consisted of observing the responses of Sindhi Muslim men to a reading of John 13:1-10 and then interviewing them to generate cultural expressions which revealed a relationship between their culture and the scripture passage. Analysis of the data disclosed themes which have scriptural referents and can be used as the basis for selecting and crafting Bible stories that resonate with worldview assumptions. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Missiology)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:24:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCA15MA183.pdf: 887467 bytes, checksum: 2bc063cd18c41cbd3e4991109a6be33b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The crossbreeding with Jersey cattle has been used as an alternative in Holstein Cattle breeds aiming to raise solid contents of milk and poor performance in functional traits. Although there are recent research about productive and reproductive traits, there are few information about conformation of crossbred animals, despite the importance of this topic to determinate selection strategies. Thus, this work compared body measurements and body condition between Holstein X Jersey crossbred and Holstein cows. It was performed in four dairy herds with both Holstein and Holstein X Jersey cows, which was measured for 21 official body traits and an unofficial body trait called udder clearance, as well for body condition score. There was measured lactating cows, with metric measurements for the measurable traits, a 1-5 scale for body condition score and with a subjective score of 1-9, based on Canadian evaluation method to the not- measurable traits. The evaluations was done with a interval of 6-12 weeks, with three visits for each dairy farm, being collected information about milk production, birth date and lactation stage too. The data were submitted to analisys of variance with repeated measures, being the statistic model compound by genetic grouping, number of calvings, lactation stage, herd and the interaction of genetic grouping with number of calvings and lactation stage. For udder and dairy strength measurements was included the milk yield covariate. Factorial analisis was done to analyze the relationship between the body measurements and body condition score data in each genetic grouping. Difference was detected (P<0,0001) between genetic grouping for milk production, with advantage to Holstein cows (23,6 X 26,5 kg). In the udder traits, crossbred cows showed better scores for udder cleavage (P<0,01) and rear teat placement (P<0,01), but with worse results for udder depth and udder clearance (P<0,0001). Holstein cattle demonstrated better score for foot angle (P<0,001), but with worse bone quality (P<0,01). Holstein cows was taller (P<0,0001), had shallower body depth and worse body condition score (P<0,01) in comparison to crossbred cows. In rump traits was observed difference between the groups for loin strength, rump angle and rump width. The Holstein cows showed wider (P<0,0001) and less sloped rumps(P<0,0001), but worse loin strength (p<0,05) than crossbred cows. Factorial analisis showed negative relationship of milk yield with body measurements related with udder depth and udder clearance and positive with body depth, angulosity, bone quality and udder width and texture. There was a positive association between stature and rump width also, as well a positive relationship between younger cows with taller and shallower udders, better udder clivage and texture / O cruzamento com a raça Jersey vem sendo empregado como alternativa de recurso genético em rebanhos da raça Holandesa, visando amenizar baixos teores de sólidos no leite e mau desempenho em características funcionais. Embora haja pesquisas recentes sobre aspectos produtivos e reprodutivos deste cruzamento, há pouca informação sobre a conformação destes animais, apesar do tema ser importante para determinar estratégias de seleção. Assim, o trabalho objetivou comparar vacas mestiças Holandês X Jersey em relação a vacas da raça Holandês quanto à conformação e condição corporal. O trabalho foi realizado em quatro rebanhos leiteiros que possuem animais da raça Holandês e cruzadas Holandês X Jersey, as quais foram avaliadas para 21 caracetrísticas lineares de tipo e para a característica de conformação não-oficial udder clearance, bem como condição corporal. Foram mensuradas vacas lactantes, com medidas métricas para as características mensuráveis, com escala de 1 a 5 para escore de condição corporal e com pontuação subjetiva de 1 a 9, baseada na metodologia canadense de avaliação linear, para as demais características. As avaliações foram realizadas em três visitas para cada propriedade, com intervalo entre 6 e 12 semanas, sendo coletadas também informações referentes à produção leiteira, idade e estágio de lactação das vacas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, com medidas repetidas, sendo o modelo estatístico composto pelo grupamento genético, paridade, estágio de lactação, rebanho e interação do grupamento genético com a paridade e o estágio de lactação. Para as características de tipo das categorias sistema mamário e força leiteira foi incluída a covariável produção de leite. A relação entre as medidas de classificação linear e escore de condição corporal foi analisada utilizando-se análise multivariada (análise fatorial). Observou-se diferença (P<0,0001) entre grupamentos genéticos para produção de leite, sendo que vacas mestiças apresentaram produção de leite inferior às Holandês (23,6 X 26,5 kg). Nas características lineares relacionadas ao sistema mamário, observou-se melhor pontuação para clivagem de úbere (P<0,01) e colocação de tetos posteriors em mestiças (P<0,01), com piores resultados para profundidade de úbere e udder clearance (P<0,0001). Na categoria aprumos vacas Holandês apresentaram melhor conformação de ângulo de casco (P<0,001), com pior qualidade óssea (P<0,01). As vacas puras apresentaram, maior estatura (P<0,0001) e menor profundidade corporal e escore de condição corporal frente as cruzadas (P<0,01). Nas características de garupa, houve diferença significativa entre os grupos para força de lombo, ângulo e largura de garupa. As vacas Holandês demonstraram garupas mais largas (P<0,0001), menos inclinadas (P<0,0001) e com força de lombo inferior (P<0,05) que as vacas cruzadas. A análise fatorial demonstrou relação negativa de produção de leite com caraterísticas lineares relacionadas à queda de úbere e positiva com profundidade corporal, angulosidade, qualidade óssea, largura e textura de úbere. Demonstrou também associação positiva de estatura com largura de garupa, bem como uma relação entre vacas com menor ordem de parto e úberes mais altos, rasos e com melhores clivagem e textura de úberes

La dysbiose est une cause importante dans la survenue de maladies, favorisant la prolifération de pathogènes ou induisant l’inflammation. L’étude de ce phénomène est devenue possible grâce aux approches d’analyse génomique (AG) associé avec d’autres techniques. L’entérocolite nécrosante (ECN) et l’infection du pied diabétique (IPD) demeurent deux maladies associées à la dysbiose dans lesquels différents bactéries ont été décrites, notamment C. butyricum dans l’ECN, E. coli et S. aureus dans l’IPD. Dans le cadre de l’ECN, C. butyricum demeure l’espèce la plus fréquente chez les ECN. L’identification clusters liés géographiquement et en fonction du temps. Le portage asymptomatique est suggéré par une similarité génomique des souches patients et contrôles. La prédiction d’un gène de β-hémolysine ainsi leur effet cytotoxique sur les cellules Jurkat avait été observé. De même, sur les cellules Caco-2 malgré le KO du gène de β-hémolysine. En se basant sur l’analyse physico-chimique du surnageant bactérien, nous avons suggéré que la fraction cytotoxique est protéique. La purification de la fraction cytotoxique a permis de trouver une protéine codant pour PspC family possédant un domain conservé commun avec celui de la toxine A/B. L’inactivation du gène codant pour cette protéine n’a pas supprimé l’effet cytotoxique, suggérant la présence d’une combinaison gènes. En parallèle, nous avons ciblé l’impact de C. neonatale par qRPC spécifique rpoB. Cette espèce était plus fréquente chez les patients, ainsi de clones géographiques ont été identifiées. Enfin, des SNPs ont été observés dans des gènes de virulence dans le cas des E. coli et S. aureus isolés de l’IPD. / Dysbiosis remains a main cause during the establishment of several diseases, by promoting bacterial translocation, leading to inflammation process. Specific microorganisms were involved in the pathogenesis of dysbiosis-associated diseases, notably necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and diabetic foot (DF). This was possible by the implication of whole-genome analysis (WGA) in association with other techniques. In case of NEC, C. butyricum was significantly associated with in NEC; tested on a South-East French cohort. Geographical and/or temporal clusters were identified, thus genomic relationship between NEC-associated isolates and controls, suggesting the presence of asymptomatic carriage. Genes encoding for β-hemolysin was detected and C. butyricum supernatant exhibited cytotoxic effect on Jurkat cells. Cytotoxic effect was also presented on Caco-2 cells. Supernatant of β-hemolysin-mutant C. butyricum showed enterotoxic effect. Basing on physico-chemical data, we assumed that the evaluated fraction was a protein. Proteomics analysis revealed that PspC family was the cytotoxic protein. This protein owned a glucan-binding domain, shared by C. difficile toxin A/B. The KO of PspC gene was enterotoxic, suggesting by this the existence of a combination of genes. In parallel, a specific rpoB-based qPCR was developed to identify C. neonatale. We found that, C. neonatale was more prevalent in NEC than in controls. Although co-identified in association with C. butyricum. C. neonatale clones were distinguished especially in strains isolated from the same hospital. Regarding to DF infection, SNPs were identified within S. aureus and E. coli genomes, especially in virulent genes.