Mémoire (M.Sc.) - Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2006. / Comprend des réf. bibliogr.: f. 55-57. Également disponible en format microfiche et PDF.

The Football Association of the Czech Republic (FACR) board election triggered speculations about the governance of the association last year. Specifically, principles of transparency and democracy in the association were remarked. The aim of the thesis was to assess the level of transparency and democracy in the governance of the FACR and to compare the evaluation of the FACR governance by different stakeholders. A case study research design was chosen. Multiple sources of data collection were combined such as document analysis, media coverage analysis, interviews and a questionnaire survey. Results reveal low democracy of the FACR governance in spite of democratic governance design. Stakeholders do not feel to be involved in governance of FACR and they do not have the oportunity to take part in this process. Stakeholders' perception of transparency was better than the objective assessment of transparency. In particular, the financial transparency was the lowest. Thus, results provide new evidence to assumption that transparency is not enrooted in the society of CEE countries and the perception of transparency is biased.

Sport, and particularly soccer, is becoming increasingly professionalised and thus commercialised. Soccer has managed to uphold notable economic growth globally. As affirmation of this growth, both the South African and sport industry experienced tremendous attention and interest during the period 2000 to 2012. Thus, the need for soccer to become formalised, coupled with the increased need for professional management and the implementation of business principles has created an appetite for proper planning and coordination. As a result, strategic planning is becoming indispensable to sport organisations. Organisations that use strategic planning are regarded as being relatively productive, profitable and making better use resources. Large amounts of money are often invested in soccer clubs which renders them prone to huge financial risks if due strategic planning processes and governance structures and processes are not in place. Against this background, this study explored the strategic planning processes of South African Football Association soccer clubs which are at the grassroots level, as these processes inform strategic decision making and growth prospects. A qualitative data collection process in the form of semi-structured interviews was used. A total of 13 club managers (from 12 soccer clubs-two were from one club) participated in the study. Atlas.ti software was used to deductively analyse the data. The findings suggest that the soccer clubs struggle to separate strategic issues from other operational and technical matters, and that soccer clubs generally have low levels of knowledge on strategic planning processes and tools. Recommendations are made to SAFA, government and the private sector to assist grassroots soccer clubs with funding, management training programmes and partnership initiatives. Some of the pressing recommendations are that soccer clubs need to receive education and training in the areas of business management, particularly in the area of strategic management and governance. This can be further accompanied by business coaching and mentoring programmes to ensure that the soccer clubs can be run as professional establishments. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)

M. Tech. Marketing

Submitted by Glauber Assunção Moreira (glauber.a.moreira@gmail.com) on 2018-08-20T18:12:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE-ADRIANA SILVA AMORIM.pdf: 1407468 bytes, checksum: e678931da2c0e14c30dc39261391c297 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Setor de Periódicos (per_macedocosta@ufba.br) on 2018-08-21T14:05:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE-ADRIANA SILVA AMORIM.pdf: 1407468 bytes, checksum: e678931da2c0e14c30dc39261391c297 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T14:05:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE-ADRIANA SILVA AMORIM.pdf: 1407468 bytes, checksum: e678931da2c0e14c30dc39261391c297 (MD5) / RESUMO A presente tese apresenta os resultados da pesquisa de caráter predominantemente bibliográfico, cujo principal objetivo foi investigar as características formais e conceituais do futebol que tornassem possível afirmar que, na relação com o esporte em questão, o torcedor brasileiro vivencia uma verdadeira experiência trágica, conforme configurada nos termos poéticos, expressos a partir de elementos relacionados à sua forma, e nos termos teóricos, com base nos elementos relacionados a tal experiência do ponto de vista filosófico. Para tanto, foram investigados os diversos modos de compreensão do conceito de “tragédia” e de “trágico”, a partir da literatura dramática e da literatura filosófica que apresentam investigações sobre o tema, ancoradas, respectivamente, em Aristóteles e Friedrich Nietzsche. Além disso, foram construídos conceitos próprios e originais inspirados por uma lógica dramatúrgica, testados no objeto escolhido, qual seja, a Copa do Mundo de Futebol de 1950, realizada no Brasil, focando mais especificamente na última partida que foi disputada pelas seleções do Brasil e do Uruguai. / ABSTRACT This thesis presents the results of predominantly bibliographical research, which main objective was to investigate the formal and conceptual characteristics of football association (soccer) that would make possible to say that through the relationship with the sport in question, the Brazilian fan lives through a true tragic experience as configured in terms poetic expressed from elements related to its form, and a theoretically based on the information related to the experience from a philosophical point of view. Thereunto, different ways of understanding the concept of “tragedy” and “tragic” were investigated, from the dramatic literature and philosophical literature presenting research on the subject, anchored respectively in Aristotle and Friedrich Nietzsche. In addition, original and own concepts were built inspired by a dramaturgical logic tested in the chosen object, namely, the Football World Cup 1950, held in Brazil, focusing more specifically in the last match that was played between Brazilian’s and Uruguay’s teams.

M.Com. (Financial Management) / This study was an investigation into the impact of hosting the FIFA World Cup soccer tournament on the stock market of the host country. The investigation looked at whether stock markets react efficiently or show a positive reaction to the hosting of the FIFA World Cup. Hosting the FIFA World Cup was assessed at two event dates: the announcement date where the host country’s winning bid is announced and the when the tournament starts. An event study research methodology was used to investigate the impact of hosting the FIFA World Cup on the stock exchange of the host country, by examining the movement of CARs across the two event windows. It was found that stock markets react differently to the announcement of the tournament and event start dates. The results of this study show that the stock market does not always regard the hosting of the FIFA World Cup as positive news, therefore resulting in either a positive or negative stock market reaction. Markets do however appear to be efficient and incorporated all information in stock prices. The test statistics showed a number of statistically insignificant results; hence the presented results do not support the hypotheses that the FIFA World Cup has a significant impact on the host country stock market during the announcement and hosting stages.

Syfte och frågeställningar Den här studiens syfte är att undersöka eventuell domarbrist i Sverige samt svensk fotbolls domarverksamhet på distriktsnivå kopplat till makt och ledarskap, representation och organisation, allt med grund i frågeställningen om domarbrist finns eller inte. Frågeställningarna som studiens resultat baseras på lyder som följer: -       Är det domarbrist i Sverige, och vad innebär det i så fall för verksamheten? -       Vilka bakgrunder finns representerade bland studiens respondenter? -       Vilka eventuella utmaningar står distrikten inför kopplat till representation? -       Vem bär ansvaret för hur distriktsverksamheten bedrivs ur distriktens perspektiv? -       Hur vill distrikten utveckla sina domarverksamheter framöver? Metod För att kunna besvara studiens frågeställningar har semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med åtta domarkommittéordförande från olika distrikt inom svensk fotboll, rekryterade genom ett handplockat urval. Efter intervjuernas genomförande transkriberades och analyserades resultaten utifrån maktteori (Christensen, Daugaard Jensen & Lindkvist, 2011), organisationsteori (Slack & Parent, 2006) och representationsteori (Wahl, Holgersson, Höök & Linghag, 2011). Resultat Resultaten visade att domarbrist förekommer inom svensk fotboll enligt distrikten själva. Bakgrunderna respondenterna har är mer eller mindre den samma oavsett vilket distrikt de representerar. Representationen inom svensk fotbolls domarorganisation är skev. Det finns en överrepresentation av killar med annan etnisk bakgrund än svensk, samtidigt som tjejer rent generellt är underrepresenterade. Det finns organisatoriska utmaningar med hur svensk fotboll bedriver sin domarverksamhet idag, och det är inte klarlagt om det är förbundet eller distrikten som ska driva verksamheten framåt. De utvecklingsområden som lyfts är en bättre organisation för att kunna möta verksamhetens krav, samt att locka fler tjejer till att döma fotboll. Slutsats Utifrån resultaten dras slutsatsen att organisationsformen som används idag inte fungerar tillfredsställande utifrån idrottsrörelsens målbild. Det som är viktigast för hur organisationen bedrivs är formaliseringsnivån samt vilka relationer som finns inom organisationen. / Aim The aim of this study is to examine the Swedish Football Association’s (SvFF) referee organization at a district level, in relation to power and leadership, representation and organization. The analysis is based on whether there is a lack of referees in Sweden or not. The questions are as follows: -       Is there a lack of referees in Sweden and how does that effect the organization? -       What backgrounds are represented among the respondents of this study? -       What challenges do the districts face related to representation? -       Who do the districts believe should be responsible for how the district are organised? -       How do the districts want to develop their referee organizations in the future? Method To answer the questions of this study, semi-structured interviews have been used. The respondents were eight presidents of the districts’ referee committees, recruited through a hand-picked selection. After the interviews were made, the results were transcribed and analysed through power theory (Christensen, Daugaard Jensen & Lindkvist, 2011), organization theory (Slack & Parent, 2006) and representation theory (Wahl, Holgersson, Höök & Linghag, 2011). Results The results showed that there is a lack of referees in Swedish football according to the districts. The backgrounds of the respondents are very alike, independent of which district they represent. The representation within the organization is skew. Boys with other ethnic backgrounds than Swedish are over-represented, while girls are under-represented in general. There are challenges connected to how SvFF is organized, today there are uncertainties whether the SvFF or the districts should run the organizational development for referees. The areas of development mentioned are organizational in order to meet the set requirements, and representational to attract more girls to become referees. Conclusion With the results in mind, the conclusion drawn is that the organizational form of today is unsatisfactory according to the set goals of the overall sports movement. The factors most dependent was shown to be formalization and the relationships within the organization.

La Première Guerre mondiale est une période de développement sportif intense qui marque une rupture dans l’histoire culturelle et sportive de la France. La rencontre sur le front Ouest des soldats alliés, porteurs d’une culture sportive moderne, avec la population civile et militaire française, majoritairement éduquée par les méthodes de gymnastique conscriptive, provoque en effet une acculturation sportive qui participe à la modernisation du modèle culturel et sportif français. A travers l’étude du football et à l’aide d’un cadre d’analyse anthropo-historique, l’objet de notre travail doctoral est d’étudier l’impact de l’interpénétration de groupes de cultures différentes dans la transformation du « sport en guerre ». A la suite d’un état des lieux du mouvement sportif français avant-contact, sept études rendent compte du résultats des contacts primaires, symboliques et de l’en-groupe sur l’acculturation sportive des français, à savoir : a) l’analyse de la construction d’un creuset interculturel et sportif dans la France en guerre, b) de la diffusion du football chez les Poilus, c) du développement du football dans les villes de garnisons britanniques, d) de la légitimation et de la médiatisation du football en guerre, e) du renforcement de la dimension internationale du football, f) de la construction de la masculinité sportive en guerre et g) de la ruralisation du football dans la zone des armées. Les résultats ont été obtenus par la consultation de sources très diverses. Les archives militaires britanniques et françaises, complétées par plusieurs carnets personnels de soldats et des historiques régimentaires, constituent le socle de notre étude. Toutefois, suivant le cadre théorique emprunté et pour obtenir des informations plus précises sur le football en guerre, nous avons aussi procédé à la consultation de la presse sportive nationale, de la presse locale de la zone des armées et de la presse de tranchées. Enfin, les fonds d’archives audio-visuels des armées britanniques et françaises ont été consultés afin de donner de la chair à nos propos et vérifier, à travers les photos, les vidéos et les archives sonores, l’engouement sportif de la France en guerre. Pour conclure, notre travail doctoral consacre le football comme un construit de la culture de la Grande Guerre mais également comme le grand vainqueur sportif de la guerre 1914-1918 / During the First World War, France knew an intense development of sport who marked a turning point in French sport and cultural history. Indeed, on the Western front, the interpenetration between Allied soldiers, who had a modern sporting culture, and the French civilians and soldiers, educated by patriotic gymnastic, elicited a sporting acculturation and a modernization of the French cultural and sporting model. Through the study of football and using an anthropo-historic analysis framework, this doctoral work focused on the effects of the interpenetration of different cultural groups in the transformation of “sport in war”. After describing the French sporting trend before contact, seven studies showed the results of primary, symbolic and in-group contacts on the French sporting acculturation. We analysed a) the construction of an intercultural and sporting melting pot during war in France, b) the dissemination of football within the Poilus, c) the development of football in British garrison towns, d) the legitimatization and mediatization of football during the war, e) the reinforcement of international dimensions of French football, f) the construction of sporting masculinity during the war, and g) the ruralisation of football in army zones. A wide-range of sources were consulted to obtain the current results. The British and French military archives, several personal notebooks of soldiers, and regimental registers were the basis of our study. Moreover, the national sporting press, the local press of army zones and the press of the trenches were consulted to follow the theoretical framework and to obtain additional information about football during the war. Finally, audio, photo and video recordings of British and French armies were analysed to support our comments and attest the French passion for sport during the war. To conclude, this doctoral thesis defined football as a feature of the culture of the Great War, and the sporting winner of the First World War

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / O trabalho do âPasseio PÃblico à Ferroviaâ explicita a formaÃÃo do lazer desportivo em torno da bola pelos trabalhadores da cidade de Fortaleza. Podemos observar como as classes subalternas se apropriaram do esporte junto com as elites. Os lugares onde o esporte floresceu e suas espacialidades nÃo possuÃam dicotomias tÃo acentuadas que outrora os memorialistas observaram. à clara a absorÃÃo de jogadores oriundos das classes subalternas nos times elitistas. O futebol como lazer social se espalhou entre as diversas camadas sociais. A dissertaÃÃo revela os embates sociais vivenciados pelos trabalhadores, durante as mudanÃas trabalhistas implicadas pelo Estado Novo. Como as elites se relacionavam antes de 1930 com os trabalhadores que jogavam futebol, e como eles percebiam esse esporte praticado por outro grupo social. Percebi posterior a ârevoluÃÃo de 30â as alteraÃÃes no relacionamento do lazer operÃrio, principalmente pela interferÃncia do Estado. O texto centraliza o olhar do historiador na trajetÃria de construÃÃo do time do FerroviÃrio AtlÃtico Clube. Como outros clubes oriundos de trabalhadores, os ferroviÃrios promoveram partidas no intuito de construir um lazer independente. A beneficÃncia dos ferroviÃrios seria uma das primeiras promotoras do futebol associativo. Essa prÃtica instigada pelo presidente da beneficÃncia favoreceu o surgimento do FerroviÃrio 14 anos depois. O trabalho culmina com a vitÃria do FerroviÃrio AtlÃtico Clube, em 1945, no campeonato cearense. O campeonato era promovido pela liga formada pelos times da elite. Eu chamei esse fato de uma vitÃria simbÃlica da classe operÃria contra a exploraÃÃo do patronato. / The work of the âPublic Stroll to the explicit Railroadâ the formation of the porting leisure around the ball for the workers of the Fortaleza city. We can observe as the subordinate classrooms if they had together with appropriated of the sport the elites. The places where the sport blossomed and yours specialty didnât have so accented dichotomies that no long ago the memorialists had observed. The absorption of deriving players of the subordinate classrooms in the elitist teams is clear. The soccer as social leisure if spread between the diverse social classes. The thesis discloses strikes them social lived deeply for the workers, during the working changes implied by the New State. As the elites if related before 1930 with the workers who played soccer, and as they perceived this sport practiced for another social group. I could realize that after the ârevolution of the 30â alterations in the relationship of the laboring leisure, mainly for the interference of the State. The text centralizes the look of the historian in the trajectory of construction of the teams of the Athletically Railroad worker Club. As others deriving clubs of workers, the railroad workers had promoted left in intention to construct an independent leisure. The beneficence of the railroad workers would be one of the first promoters of the associative soccer. This practical instigated by the president of the beneficence favored the sprouting of the Railroad worker 14 years later. The work culminates with the victory of the Athletically Railroad worker Club, in 1945, in the pertaining to Cearà state championship. The championship was promoted for the league formed by the teams from the elite. I called this fact a symbolic victory of the laboring classroom against the patronage exploration.

The purpose of this bachelor essay was to analyze two Swedish district football associations and how the responsible coaches of the elite youth development teams identify and select talent. Key questions in the thesis were how the coaches described their leadership and their own part in the team, how the coaches identify talent, how they work with the selection process and their opinions about the elite youth development team structure. The study was based on 7 semi-structured interviews. The interviews showed differences between the district football associations but also many similarities in how they selected the team during the talent identification process. All coaches were involved in the selection process but the way they talked about developing elite players varied. One interesting result in the study was that the coaches’ way of describing talent revolved a lot around non-football related attributes such as character and attitude. Nyckelord: