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La presente investigación está basada en la metodología científica, en la cual se buscó determinar las principales limitaciones internas de los productores que explican el incremento de las importaciones de papa precocida congelada. Para ello, se plantea un objetivo general, el cual consiste en analizar cómo las importaciones de papa precocida congelada de Países Bajos durante 2010-2019 se incrementaron por las limitaciones internas de los productores peruanos. La investigación se desarrollará a través de un enfoque mixto con un diseño no experimental de tipo transversal descriptivo. En primer lugar, se obtuvo información de fuentes secundarias, las cuales fueron artículos de investigación en revistas indexadas, tesis de grados y bases de datos obtenidos de Trade Map, UN Comtrade, Veritrade, FAOSTAT, MIDAGRI e INIA. En las fuentes secundarias se encontraron bases teóricas que avalan la investigación. Asimismo, con estas fuentes se logró plantear una realidad problemática que permite evidenciar que existe el problema general y los específicos. De esta manera, se pudo obtener argumentos que validen el tema tanto de forma cuantitativa como cualitativa a traves del análisis de documentos teóricos y resultados de bases de datos. Para adquirir la información primaria, se determinó una población de estudio conformada por 12 expertos del sector y el tema. Entre los miembros tenemos a 4 ingenieros del CIP, 4 especialistas de instituciones como SUNAT y consultoras, 4 investigadores agrícolas del INIA, MIDAGRI, Asociación de Productores Agropecuarios de Oyón (APAO) y por parte de la Municipalidad provincial de Oyón, a quienes se les realizaron entrevistas semi estructuradas. Se utilizó el software Atlas. Ti para procesar la información brindada por los especialistas, y así poder analizar los objetivos de forma detallada. Por último, las principales variables que influyeron en el incremento de la importación de papa precocida congelada durante el periodo de 2010-2019 fueron: la tecnología, la organización y el rendimiento. Según los resultados obtenidos en el estudio, se explicará las limitantes internas de los productores peruanos que impactaron en el comportamiento de las importaciones de papa congelada precocida con el fin de poder contribuir a futuras investigaciones que se realicen respecto al tema de investigación escogido. / This research is based on scientific methodology, in which we sought to determine the main internal limitations of producers that explain the increase in imports of frozen prefried potatoes. For this purpose, the general objective is to analyze how imports of frozen prefried potato from the Netherlands during 2010-2019 increased due to the internal limitations of Peruvian producers. The research will be developed through a mixed approach with a descriptive cross-sectional non-experimental design. First, information was obtained from secondary sources, which were research articles in indexed journals, graduate theses and databases obtained from Trade Map, UN Comtrade, Veritrade, FAOSTAT, MIDAGRI and INIA. In the secondary sources, theoretical bases were found to support the research. Likewise, with these sources, a problematic reality was established to demonstrate the existence of the main problem and the specific ones. In this way, it was possible to obtain arguments that validate the topic both quantitatively and qualitatively through the analysis of theoretical documents and database results. In order to acquire the primary information, a study population of 12 experts of the sector and the subject was determined. Among the members were 4 engineers from CIP, 4 specialists in the sector and from institutions such as SUNAT and consulting firms, 4 agricultural researchers from INIA, MIDAGRI, the Oyón Agricultural Producers' Association (APAO) and the Oyón Provincial Municipality, who were interviewed in semi-structured interviews. Atlas.ti software was used to process the information provided by the specialists in order to analyze the objectives in a detailed and thorough manner. Finally, the main variables that influenced the increase in the import of precooked frozen potato during the period 2010-2019 were: technology, organization and yield. According to the results obtained in the study, the internal limitations of Peruvian producers that impacted the behavior of precooked frozen potato imports will be explained in order to be able to contribute to future research to be carried out regarding the chosen research topic. / Tesis

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Denna studie behandlar tolkning av texter som läses högt i kyrkan under gudstjänst. Studien undersöker vilka utmaningar tolkar upplever och har erfarenhet av vid tolkning av texter i kyrkan, och vilka strategier tolkarna använder sig av för att hantera dem. Undersökningen genomfördes med hjälp av fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med tolkar som har god erfarenhet att tolka i kyrkan. Utmaningarna som identifierades kan delas in i fyra kategorier; yttre faktorer, läsning (utmaningar att ta in källtexten), språkligt (utmaningar att analysera källtexten) och semantiskt (utmaningar i den egna produktionen). Inom dessa kategorier finns det specifika utmaningar, totalt 11 stycken. Till utmaningarna finns 10 korresponderande copingstrategier. Den främsta strategin som identifierades var förberedelser, som fungerar som en övergripande strategi för att förebygga att utmaningar uppstår. Förberedelser lyftes fram som något särskiljande för tolkning i kyrkan, eftersom det finns möjlighet att få mycket av materialet i förväg. Det kunde även noteras att de olika utmaningarna och strategierna inte alltid går att särskilja, utan överlappar och påverkar varandra. / This study concerns the interpreting of texts read aloud in church service. It examines the challenges faced by interpreters when interpreting in these settings and which strategies they use to overcome them. For this purpose, four semi-structured interviews were held with interpreters who are accustomed to interpreting in church. Various challenges were identified and split into four categories: external factors, reading (challenges concerning the production of the source language), linguistic (challenges in analysing the source text) and semantic (challenges in own production of target language). Each category contains multiple challenges, 11 in total. The study also outlines 10 coping strategies used by the interpreters. The main strategy identified was preparation, which can be used as a preventative measure against all challenges. Preparation was said to be particularly useful in church interpreting as much of the material is available in advance. It could also be ascertained that the challenges and strategies do not always occur separately, but rather overlap and affect each other.

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Background: In Sweden and Europe adults fail to reach the recommendations for fruit and vegetable intake. Additionally in Sweden, young adults have the worst overall diets. Frozen vegetables have shown to take less time to cook, are less expensive and might be healthier than fresh vegetables.  Aim: The aim of this study was to explore by interviews how 18-30-year-old individuals experience eating microwaved frozen vegetables. Method: This study was a focus group interview with an intervention. The study recruited 13 individuals who microwaved frozen vegetables for a week. Three virtual focus group interviews were conducted.  Results: Five categories were found which described how the participants perceived eating frozen vegetables. 1) The idea of eating frozen vegetables, 2) The attributes of frozen vegetables, 3) Prefer other/different, 4) The microwave oven routine as a whole, and 5) Vegetables in relation to meals. Many enjoyed eating microwaved frozen vegetables although other vegetables and cooking methods were preferred. The advantages and disadvantages discussed by the participants resulted in four categories. 1) The cooking, 2) At the dinner table, 3) Experiences of frozen vegetables as a product, and 4) The importance of cost.  Many advantages were found in category one and three, but an overall downside was the lack of variation. Conclusion: It is important when designing methods to increase individuals vegetable intake that the method is simple, not time-consuming, flexible and have variation. The microwave oven fulfils most of these criteria, however it might not be for everyday use and individuals who enjoy cooking. / Bakgrund: Vuxna i Sverige och Europa når inte upp till rekommendationerna för frukt och grönsaksintag. Dessutom har unga vuxna den sämsta övergripande kosten i Sverige. Frysta grönsaker har visat sig ta mindre tid att tillaga, är inte lika dyra och kan vara hälsosammare än färska grönsaker.  Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka via intervjuer hur 18-30 åriga individer upplever att äta mikrovågsuppvärmda frysta grönsaker.  Metod: Den här studien är fokusgruppstudie med en intervention. Studien rekryterade 13 individer som mikrovågsugns värmde frysta grönsaker i en vecka. Sedan utfördes tre virtuella fokusgrupper.  Resultat: Fem kategorier hittades som beskriver hur deltagarna upplevde att äta frysta grönsaker. 1) Föreställningen av att äta frysta grönsaker, 2) Frysta grönsakers egenskaper, 3) Föredrar annat, 4) Mikrovågsugnrutinen som helhet, och 5) Grönsaker i relation till måltider. Många av deltagarna tyckte det var trevligt att äta mikrovågsugnsuppvärmda frysta grönsaker även om dem föredrog andra grönsaker och tillagningsmetoder. Fördelarna och nackdelarna deltagarna diskuterade resulterade i fyra kategorier. 1) Matlagningen, 2) Vid matbordet, 3) Erfarenheter av frysta grönsaker som produkt, och 4) Vikten av kostnad. Många fördelar hittades i kategori ett och tre men en gemensam nackdel som deltagarna upplevde var en avsaknad av variation.  Slutsats: Det är viktigt vid design av metoder som ska öka individers grönsaksintag att metoden är lätt, icke tids konsumerade, flexibel och har variation. Mikrovågsugns rutinen uppfyller de flesta av kriterierna, men den kanske inte är till för daglig användning och för individer som gillar att laga mat.

Durch computergestützte Methoden zur Formfindung und Strukturoptimierung können heute Betonstrukturen entwickelt werden, die optimal an ihre jeweilige statische Aufgabe angepasst sind. Mit dem reduzierten Material- und Energieverbrauch der optimierten Struktur geht jedoch zumeist eine Geometrie einher, deren Herstellung material- und arbeitsintensiver Schalungstechniken bedarf. Auch vor dem Hintergrund einer absehbaren Knappheit von für die Bauindustrie wichtigen Materialien hat Werner Sobek schon 1999 mit der Triple-Zero®-Maxime – zero fossil based energy, zero waste, zero emission – gefordert, in Bauprozessen idealerweise nur recycelbare Materialien zu verwenden [1]. Dem steht die Forderung gegenüber, dass eine Schalungstechnik die Formgebung, Konstruktion oder Herstellung von optimierten, insbesondere geometrisch komplexen Bauteilen in keiner Weise einschränken sollte. [Aus: Einführung] / Today, computer-aided methods for form-finding and structural optimization can be used to develop concrete structures that are optimally adapted to their structural requirements. However, the reduced material and energy consumption of the optimized concrete structure usually goes hand in hand with complex geometry whose production usually requires material- and labour-intensive formwork techniques. With a foreseeable scarcity of essential construction materials in mind, Werner Sobek back in 1999 coined the Triple-Zero® concept – zero fossil-based energy, zero emission, zero waste – which demands that only recyclable materials should be used in construction processes [1]. Thus, there is a demand for waste-free formwork technology that simultaneously should in no way restrict the shaping, design or manufacture of optimised, and therefore, geometrically complex components. [Off: Introduction]

Die Potentiale der gefrorenen Sandschalung für den Entwurf und die Herstellung funktional gradierter Betonbauteile (siehe Projekte Sobek et al. und Garrecht et al. des SPP 1542, S. 642 ff . und S. 250 ff .) wurden im Rahmen des Teilprojekts B04: Herstellung biomimetischer und biologisch inspirierter (modularer) Strukturen für die Bauindustrie des Sonderforschungsbereichs/Transregio 141 Biologischer Entwurf und integrative Strukturen – Analyse, Simulation und Umsetzung in der Architektur weiter untersucht. / Potentials of frozen sand formwork technology were further investigated in design and production of functionally graded concrete components (see also the projects Sobek et al. and Garrecht et al. of SPP 1542, pages 642 resp. 250 et seq.) in the subproject B04: Fabrication of biomimetic and biologically inspired (modular) structures for use in the construction industry in the framework of the Collaborative Research Centre/Transregio 141 Biological Design and Integrative Structures – Analysis, Simulation and Implementation in Architecture.

aus dem Inhalt: „Die im Teilprojekt Sobek (siehe S. 626 ff .) entwickelte gefrorene Sandschalung zur abfallfreien Herstellung von Betonbauteilen wurde im Rahmen des BMBF-geförderten Konsortiums Carbon Concrete Composite – C3 für die Herstellung dünnwandiger und gekrümmter Sandwichelemente weiterentwickelt. Der vorliegende Kurzbericht fasst die Forschungsergebnisse des Projekts C3Sandwich zusammen. Eine ausführliche Beschreibung der Arbeiten wurde in [1] veröffentlicht....” / from teh content: „Within the framework of the BMBF-funded consortium Carbon Concrete Composite – C3, the research on sand formwork for the waste-free production of concrete components (TP Sobek, p. 626 seq.) was further advanced towards the production of thin-walled and curved sandwich elements. This report summarizes the research results of the project C3Sandwich. A detailed description of the work was published in [1]....”