Sverige ligger i framkant när det gäller medlemsantalet i idrotts-och motionsföreningar samt jämställdhetsarbetet i förhållande till andra europeiska länder. Svenska tjejer i åldern 16–18 år ägnar sig åt fysisk aktivitet i mindre omfattning till skillnad från killarna. Syftet med studien var att få djupare förståelse och kunskap för vad som motiverar tjejer i åldrarna 16–18 år som idrottar regelbundet till att utöva idrott. Studien utgick ifrån självbestämmandeteori av Deci och Ryan. Det genomfördes åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med en tillhörande intervjuguide och urvalet var idrottande tjejer i den nämnda åldern. Dataanalysen genomfördes genom en tematisk analys. Resultatet delades in i tre huvudteman som beskrev vad som motiverar tjejer till att utöva idrott: Jämförelse och positionering, den sociala interaktionens inverkan och medvetna inre positiva affektiva reaktioner. Resultatet diskuteras utifrån inre- och yttre motivation och de psykologiska behoven. Studien kan tillföra kunskap och förståelse för vad tjejer motiveras av inom idrottsutövandet. / Sweden is at the forefront when it comes to the number of members in sports- and exercise associations and the gender equality work in relation to other European countries. Swedish girls at the age of 16–18 engage in physical activity to a lesser extent, unlike boys. The purpose of the study’s was to gain a deeper understanding and knowledge of what motivates girls at the ages of 16–18 to practice sports regularly. The study was based on the theory of self-determination by Deci and Ryan. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with an interview guide and the sample was sports girls at the said age. The data analysis was carried out through a thematic analysis. The results were divided into three main themes that described what motivates girls to play sports: Comparison and positioning, the impact of social interaction and conscious inner positive affective reactions. The results are based on discussions around internal and external motivation and the psychological needs. The study can add knowledge and understanding of the motivated factors for girls to do sports.

This study explored the K-12 urban schooling experiences of four Blackgirls attending an alternative high school in New Jersey from their perspectives and in their own words. Through the use of focus group interviews, semi-structured individual follow-up interviews, participants’ compositions of life note entries, participatory data analysis, and the co-construction of a participatory ethnodrama, this qualitative study was grounded in Endarkened Feminist Epistemology. The research explored the participants’ rich, meaningful, and culturally indigenous ways knowing and conveying their lived experiences to provide educators insight into the ways in which Blackgirls encounter and navigate urban schools and the intersections of those experiences with their personal lives. Themes that immerged included identity development, invisibility, school trauma and failure, connectedness, and personal transformation, which expand understandings of culturally responsive, trauma-informed approaches to urban schooling, anti-racism and racial literacy, educator sustainability, and prioritizing student voice in school improvement reform.

Orientador: Suraya Cristina Darido / Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o Basquetebol como conteúdo das aulas de Educação Física e a sua prática por meninas, valendo-se das TICs como contributo constante para as práticas pedagógicas. O estudo consistiu numa análise quanti-qualitativa que se desenvolveu como uma pesquisa de caráter colaborativo na qual foram utilizadas categorias para se verificar como uma opinião se manifesta em relação ao objeto investigado. O procedimento ocorreu a partir de uma coleta de dados realizada por meio de um inquérito por questionário e uma entrevista semiestruturada onde foi traçada a percepção dos professores acerca da prática do Basquetebol por meninas em ambiente escolar. Para a pesquisa, foram selecionados 60 professores de escolas localizadas em Volta Redonda (n=60). Em um segundo momento, as informações resultantes dessa investigação foram disponibilizadas em rede social virtual, no sentido de que fossem oportunizados aos professores subsídios para debates e troca de experiências no que tange ao objeto de estudo. Por fim, o material disponibilizado foi aplicado por 6 professores para uma avaliação quanto à sua aplicabilidade. Após a apresentação e discussão dos resultados, identificou-se que a maioria dos professores entrevistados utiliza o Basquetebol como conteúdo das aulas de Educação Física em uma dimensão procedimental, sendo notória a distinção da participação das aulas entre meninas e meninos. O discurso dos professores apontou para uma falta de clareza quant... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate or Basketball, as content of Physical Education classes and their practice for girls, making use of Information and Communication Technologies as a constant attribute for pedagogical practices. The study consists on a quantitative-qualitative which developed as a collaborative research and analysis in which categories where verified as a belief that manifests itself in relation to the investigated objects. The procedure was based on a data collection which were a questionnaire survey and a semi-structured interview where the behaviors of the subjects of the survey and their perception about the practice of Basketball by girls in the environment were traced school. To proceed the research 60 teachers were selected from schools in Volta Redonda (n = 60). In a second moment, the information resulting from this investigation was made available in a virtual social network, in the sense that the teachers should be given subsidies for debates and exchange of experiences regarding the object of study. Finally, the material provided was applied by 6 teachers for an evaluation as to its applicability. After the presentation and discussion of the results, it was identified that most of the interviewed teachers use Basketball as content of the Physical Education classes in a procedural dimension, being well-known the distinction of the participation of the classes between girls and boys. The teachers' speech pointed to a lack of clarity as to the ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Over the years, a net increase in enrolment rates in primary schools has been observed worldwide. Nevertheless, in West Africa, girls still lag behind in terms of basic education. Although many other African societies face educational challenges in terms of realising girls’ right to education, educational challenges are far greater for women and girls in West Africa. This region is considered to have the highest illiteracy level in the world, and the level of illiteracy is even higher for females. As a result, a gap persists between the number of boys and girls in primary schools. The reasons why this gap persist is because cultural limitations and poverty still undermine the realisation of girls’ right to basic education in this part of the world. Girls’ right to primary education is undermined through patriarchy; negative cultural perceptions associated with girls’ education, child labour or child marriages, to mention but a few. Not only are educational disparities visible in terms of gender, but educational disparities are also visible between urban and rural areas. By taking into account such differences, and in order to best achieve universal basic education in West Africa, the use of multiple strategies is advised. It requires primarily the enforcement of legal measures in order to improve girls’ enrolment and retention rates. Simultaneously, it requires economic solutions which can help the poor to send girls to school, with in addition strategies which focus on the role that institutions can play; whether these institutions are governments, traditional or religious institutions. Evidently, with these strategies, the role played by other actors such as citizens and non-governmental organisations, in ensuring girls’ right to basic education cannot be underestimated. / Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / gm2014 / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

One of the main challenges experienced during adolescence is that of developing a coherent sense of self, or self-identity (Becht, 2016; Bester & Quinn, 2010; Erickson, 1977). This study used a parallel (or convergent) interactive multi-method design, embedded in an intervention, to explore the possible effects of group based life design counselling on the sense of self of female adolescent peer supporters. The possibility of assisting more individuals by using intervention techniques in groups was also explored. The research study is embedded in a constructivist paradigm and, working from an interpretive stance, the researcher collected, analysed and reported on quantitative and qualitative data to gained insight into the participants’ experiences surrounding narrative group life design techniques and their possible impact on enhancing the sense of self. The overall findings indicate that the intervention programme enhanced the sense of self of the participating peer supporters. The mixed-method research results from this study provide a clearer view of how groups of adolescents can be supported to become better equipped to negotiate transitions in their lives, by enhancing their sense of self. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Educational Psychology / PhD / Unrestricted

Sammanfattning Bakgrund  Långvarig smärta hos barn och ungdomar är vanligt förekommande och flickor är mer drabbade än pojkar. Smärtan påverkar den drabbade i stor utsträckning vilket ofta visar sig i det sociala livet, vid dagliga aktiviteter och under skolgången. Syfte  Syftet med denna studie var att utforska flickor med långvarig smärtas upplevelser och erfarenheter av fysioterapeutisk behandling.  Metod En kvalitativ studie genomfördes med data baserat på semistrukturerade intervjuer. Bekvämlighetsurval användes för att rekrytera informanter. Data analyserades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys med abduktiv ansats.   Resultat Under intervjuerna framgick det att den långvariga smärtan bidrog till både fysiska och psykologiska begränsningar. Det som framförallt upplevdes som positivt med den fysioterapeutiska behandlingen var att känna sig delaktig och att kunna påverka utfallet, samtidigt som restriktioner från fysioterapeuten upplevdes begränsande. Behandlingen bidrog bland annat till en positivare inställning, en ökad aktivitetsnivå och ett förbättrat psykiskt välmående. Alla informanter var positivt inställda till att ha träffat en fysioterapeut även om vissa fått begränsade resultat av behandlingen. Det framkom att det var viktigt att fysioterapeuten visade intresse och kommunicerade med ungdomen i första hand.  Slutsats  Flickor som lever med långvarig smärta hade erfarenheter av både fysiska och psykologiska begränsningar. De positiva effekterna av den fysioterapeutiska behandlingen beskrevs som en ökad aktivitetsnivå och delaktighet i det sociala livet. Trots att behandlingen inte alltid givit den effekt som informanten eller dess anhöriga förväntat sig, hade fysioterapeutens bemötande och engagemang gjort ett stort avtryck hos informanten. / Abstract  Background  Chronic pain in children and adolescents is common and girls are more affected than boys. The pain effects the affected person widely which is often showed in the social life, in daily activities and in school. Aim  The aim of this study was to explore experiences of physiotherapeutic treatment among girls with chronic pain. Methods A qualitative study was made, and data were collected through semi structured interviews. Convenience sample was used to recruit informants. Data were analysed using a qualitative content analysis with an abductive approach.   Results Chronic pain in young girls caused both physical and psychological limitations. Positive experiences of the physiotherapeutic treatment included to feel involved in one’s own treatment and to be able to influence the outcome, while getting restrictions from the physiotherapist seemed limiting. The treatment contributed to a more positive attitude, an increased level of physical activity and an improved mental well-being. The informants had a positive attitude towards meeting a physiotherapist, even though some of them had seen limited results of the treatment. It was important that the physiotherapist showed an interest and communicated with the adolescent in the first place.  Conclusion Girls who live with chronic pain had experiences of both physical and psychological limitations. The positive effects of the physiotherapeutic treatment were described as an increased activity level and participation in social life. Even though some of the girls had seen limited results of the treatment, the physiotherapist’s commitment made a great impression on the informants.

I svenskämnet i skolan ska eleverna möta olika typer av texter från olika tider. För en del elever kommer deras fria bokval att befinna sig inom skräckgenren. Den här studien syftar till att öka kunskapen om hur flickor väljer ut böcker inom genren skräcklitteratur samt vad det är de vill uppleva med läsningen utifrån frågeställningarna: Utifrån vilka faktorer väljer flickor ut skräcklitteratur? Hur uppfattar flickor genus i skräcklitteratur? Vilka känslor upplever flickor när de läser skräcklitteratur? Studien har en fenomenografisk ansats som utgångspunkt eftersom det ska undersökas vilka faktorer som påverkar flickors fria bokval, deras uppfattningar om skräckgenrens genus samt hur flickor uppfattar de känslor som skapas av skräcklitteratur. Kvalitativ metod används av studien och data insamlades med hjälp av enkäter och intervjuer. Resultatet i studien visar att flickor väljer ut sin skräckbok utifrån faktorerna: Genre, layouten på boken samt baksidestexten. Flickorna baserade inte sitt bokval utifrån karaktärernas genus och kunde finna en identifikation med karaktärer oavsett genus. Spänning, rädsla, glädje och i viss mån maktlöshet var känslor som flickorna beskrev att de upplevde när de läste skräcklitteratur. / When learning the subject Swedish in school, students will meet different types of texts from different times. For some students, their free book choices will be in the horror genre. This study aims to increase the knowledge of how girls choose books in the horror literature genre, what they want to experience from reading, based on the questions: Based on what factors do girls choose horror literature? How do girls perceive gender in horror literature? What feelings do girls experience when reading horror literature? The study has a phenomenographic approach since it investigates which factors influence girls' free book choices, their perceptions of gender in the horror genre and how girls perceive the emotions created in themselves when reading horror literature. A qualitative method is used and data was collected using surveys and interviews. The results of the study show that girls choose their horror book based on the factors: Genre, the layout of the book and the back text. The girls did not base their book selection on the characters' gender and could find an identification with characters regardless of gender. Excitement, fear, joy and to some extent powerlessness were feelings that the girls described when they were reading horror literature.

This study aims to examine the potential of reading dramatic scripts in the Swedish EFL classroom, using the play Top Girls by Carol Churchill as an example. In particular, it focuses on how literary theory and different aspects of feminism can be taught through the use of the play. The study is conducted through a textual analysis of the play’s main characters and the Swedish National Syllabus. The results show that there is a great potential in working with dramatic literature in the EFL classrooms. Using drama is effective in the way it covers several aspects of the core content of English in upper secondary school, and may be used to develop language skills, cultural understanding and critical thinking. The play contains complex ideas about different types of feminism, and the two main characters Joyce and Marlene represent two ways of striving for equality between men and women. These ideas are, in other words, represented by and embodied in the two main characters, which could make the ideas easier for students to understand.

Set in New Orleans, Louisiana, this qualitative dissertation study integrated case study, participatory, and ethnographic methods to examine how young Black girls curate joy, resist everyday violences, and promote well-being in their daily lives through the use of photography, Black girl literacies, and collective art making. Given that this country sits on a national inheritance of anti-Blackness and misogyny—both amplified during a global pandemic, Black girls have been implicated in these oppressive structures during precarious times. Contemporary and historical events have demonstrated the precarity of the lives of Black people, especially Black girls. As Kimberlé Crenshaw (2020) shared, “If we are ever truly to protect young Black women like Toying Salau or Breonna Taylor, we must first tell their stories.” This 6-month study inquired how young Black girls (ages 7-9 years old) become/are researchers of their own lives within the exacerbated social conditions of the pandemics of racism, sexism, COVID-19, and natural disasters. The participating Black girls generated content, art, and conversations from their lived experiences, much as Black people have been doing for their counter-narrative and truth telling. Scholars (Fontaine & Luttrell, 2015; Ghiso, 2016; Templeton, 2020) have documented the need for young children to find their voice to share their perspectives within the classroom space as well as examined the generative role of photography to foster inquiry among young children. This participatory study documented how three Black girls in early childhood education engaged with their artistic research through the use of disposable cameras and community art spaces during a time of multilayered and intersectional pandemics in their racial and gendered identities. The intent was for this study to be about and for the girls and their families and their city, with a potential consequence of adding/initiating conversations about the creative journeys needed/possible of remaking (early childhood) spaces for Black girls with Black girls and their families who are living and thriving in complex and unique ways in a society that makes it hard for them to live fully (or with ease) and thrive effortlessly. There were so many hard questions about identity posed to the girls during this study, and their articulations of themselves through words and art show how they are living the answers willfully and courageously.

This study explores how an afterschool science program for girls that uses a curriculum written by female scientists/science educators and highlights the contributions of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields affects girls’ perception of scientists, confidence in their science skills, belief in their ability to do science, and helps them construct a positive science identity. Using self-efficacy, identity, feminist, gender, and learning theories as theoretical frameworks, this study investigates how strengthening girls’ belief in their ability to do science and confidence in their science skills and content knowledge can increase girls’ curiosity and generate a sustained interest in science that may eventually lead to STEM degrees and careers later in life. By providing girls with hands-on science experiences that emphasize leadership, cooperative learning, critical thinking, and creativity, as well as female role models and stories of successful women in STEM fields, the study provides evidence of a successful intervention format that leads to a sustained interest in science both in and outside of school. Data were collected in this qualitative case study via a survey (with Likert scale and open-ended questions), an interview, and artifacts (student work), and analyzed using open and axial coding to look for themes in the data around participants’ changing perceptions of science and scientists, increasing confidence in their science skills and content knowledge, enhanced belief in their ability to do science, and positive identity construction. The results of this study provide information about how to format a successful after-school program with a curriculum and methodology that nurtures learning, and by proxy, generates greater achievement and participation in STEM among girls that could extend through secondary school and possibly into post-secondary education and career choices. HYPOTHESISters was an afterschool STEAM program for upper elementary-aged girls (4th and 5th grades) based in West Harlem. The program was conducted on twelve consecutive Saturdays, for two hours per session, in the fall of 2019 (September 21st through December 7th) at The Forum at Columbia University. The curriculum, developed by the primary researcher in conjunction with another educator, consisted of one 12-lesson outer space-themed unit. The program participants consisted of twenty girls - ten 4th grade girls and ten 5th grade girls, between the ages of eight and ten. Most of the participants reside in West Harlem or the surrounding area. Except for four girls who identify as Caucasian, most identify themselves as members of communities of color, with seven participants being Latina, eight being Black or African American, and one being Asian (from India).