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En litteraturöversikt över olika modeller vid vävnadstagning i gommen och parametrar som utvärderar sårläkning av mjukvävnaden / A literature review of different tissue harvesting models in the palate and parameters used to assess wound healing of the soft tissueNezami, Rashida, Rashidi, Nastaran January 2021 (has links)
Syfte: Inom parodontal plastikkirurgi är det av intresse för kliniker att minska postoperativ smärta vid vävnadstagning i gommen. Denna litteraturöversikts syfte var att ge en översikt över olika modeller för vävnadstagning och parametrar som används för att utvärdera sårläkning och postoperativa besvär efter vävnadstagning i gommen. Material och metod: Baserat på en systematisk litteratursökning inkluderades artiklar som utvärderade sårläkning och postoperativa besvär vid vävnadstagning i gommen. Studier utförda på djur, case reports och case series med <5 deltagare exkluderades. Efter granskning av artiklarna presenterades studierna i olika modeller. Artiklarna grupperades baserat på studiedesign och tekniker vid vävnadstagning. Resultat: Sammantaget grupperades 47 artiklar i fem modeller där enstaka artiklar bidrog med data till >1 modell: 1) standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med klinisk studie – sekundärläkning (2 artiklar); 2) standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – primärläkning (4 artiklar); 3) standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – sekundärläkning (11 artiklar); 4) icke-standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – primärläkning (11 artiklar); och 5) icke-standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – sekundärläkning (24 artiklar). Dominerande parametrar som användes var postoperativ smärta, postoperativt obehag, mängd använd analgetika, komplett sårepitelisering och vävnadsfärgmatchning.Slutsats: Den mest använda modellen i litteraturöversikten är icke-standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – sekundärläkning, medan dominerande parametrar är komplett sårepitelisering, vävnadsfärgmatchning, smärtskattningsskalor och mängd använd analgetika. Användning av standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med inducerat trauma är avgörande för en opartisk bedömning av olika behandlingar av sårytor i munhålan. / Aim: Within periodontal plastic surgery it is of interest for clinicians to reduce postoperative pain at the palatal harvesting site. This review aimed to provide an overview on the different models of tissue harvesting and parameters used to assess wound healing and postoperative discomfort after palatal tissue harvesting.Material and methods: Articles evaluating wound healing and postoperative discomfort after palatal tissue harvesting were included herein based on a systematic literature search. Studies performed on animals, case reports and case series with <5 participants were excluded. Articles were grouped based on study design and harvesting technique. Results: Altogether, 47 articles were grouped into the following five models, with some of the articles contributing data to >1 category: 1) standardized tissue harvesting for study purpose only with secondary healing (2 articles); 2) standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with primary healing (4 articles); 3) standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with secondary healing (11 articles); 4) non-standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with primary healing (11 articles); and 5) non-standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with secondary healing (24 articles). Postoperative pain and discomfort, consumption of pain killers, complete wound epithelialization, and tissue color match were the dominant parameters assessed.Conclusion: The most commonly used model in this review was the non-standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with secondary healing, while complete wound epithelialization, tissue color match, pain rating scales, and amount of consumed analgesics were the most commonly used parameters. However, use of standardized tissue harvesting in terms of induced trauma is imperative for unbiased assessment of the various oral wound treatments.
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Automated process of morphing a CAD geometry based on a measured point cloudAugustsson, Rasmus January 2019 (has links)
As part of the quality process and to assure that the product meets all geometric requirements, the produced part is measured and compared to the nominal geometry definition. If the part deviates outside given tolerances, there is a need to understand the effect on aero performance and mechanical function. Hence, a new analysis model must be created that reflects the produced shape and form of the product. The current procedure for measuring the part is to use white light scanning equipment to analyze the deviation with the scanning software GOM™. The analysis model is then created using Space claim™ and is meshed and analyzed using Ansys™ software. The objective with this thesis is to investigate the capabilities within Siemens NX™ to automate the procedure as there is a need to be more efficient and reduce lead-time.The Design Research Method is used to develop the automated procedure. This is a systematic method that identifies the task, presents possible solutions to that task and then evaluates those solutions. That workflow is repeated until a satisfying solution is found.It is found that it is possible to create an automated procedure in Siemens NX. This automated procedure requires no user interaction while running, so the lead-time is drastically reduced. The automated procedure morphs the nominal geometry to create a new surface with better resemblance to the scanned geometry. About 90% of the original surface area is outside a tolerance of 0.1mm, after the automated procedure the new surface has about 90% of the surface area inside a tolerance of 0.1mm.The limiting factor for the procedure is the skill of the developer and not the capability of the software. Therefore it is thought that the procedure could be improved to create a surface completely inside the specified tolerance, given that a more skilled developer refines the procedure.
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Computation of the scattering properties of nonspherical ice crystalsZhang, Zhibo 15 November 2004 (has links)
This thesis is made up of three parts on the computation of scattering properties of nonspherical
particles in the atmosphere. In the first part, a new crystal type-droxtal-is introduced to make a better
representation of the shape of small ice crystals in the uppermost portions of midlatitude and tropical cirrus
clouds. Scattering properties of droxtal ice crystals are investigated by using the Improved-Geometric Optic
(IGO) method. At the visible wavelength, due to the presence of the hexagonal structure, all elements of the
phase matrix of droxtal ice crystals share some common features with hexagonal ice crystals, such as 220
and 460 halos. In the second part of this thesis, the possibility of enhancing the performance of current
Anomalous Diffraction Theory (ADT) is investigated. In conventional ADT models, integrations are
usually carried out in the domain of the particle projection. By transforming the integration domain to the
domain of scaled projectile length, the algorithm of conventional ADT models is enhanced. Because the
distribution of scaled projectile length is independent of the particle's physical size as long as the shape
remains the same, the new algorithm is especially efficient for the calculation of a large number of particles
with the same shape but different sizes. Finally, in the third part, the backscattering properties of
nonspherical ice crystals at the 94GHz frequency are studied by employing the Finite-Difference Time-
Domain (FDTD) method. The most important factor that controls the backscattering cross section is found
to be the ratio of the volume-equal radius to the maximum dimension of the ice crystal. Substantial
differences in backscattering cross sections are found between horizontal orientated and randomly oriented
ice crystals. An analytical formula is derived for the relationship between the ice water (IWC) content and
the radar reflectivity ( e Z ). It is shown that a change to the concentration of ice crystals without any
changes on the size distribution or particle habits leads only to a linear e Z IWC - relationship. The famous
power law e Z IWC - relationship is the result of the shift of the peak of particle size distribution.
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Caracter?sticas do trabalho e emprego da equipe de sa?de da fam?lia: an?lise de indicadores de precariza??oLopes, Elizabete Silva de Jesus 20 March 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-03-20 / The casualization of labor is one of the main problems associated with globalization and the restructuring of production processes in the capitalist system. Contributes to change the characteristics of the labor and employment in general, and particularly in the health sector. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the labor and employment of the Family Health Program (PSF), focusing on indicators of precarious work in Feira de Santana, Bahia in 2012. This is an epidemiological cohort study cross- exploratory- descriptive, with a random sample stratified by geographic location, occupational category and level of assistance. Applied to 1,041 workers structured municipal public questionnaire. For the types of characteristics of vulnerable employment and working on the indicators of precariousness used the Grade of Membership (GoM) method - degree of belonging. 3 profiles were generated : profile " 1 " , characterized by less vulnerable workers , but with lower incomes; Profile " 2 " marked by workers in poorer working conditions and employment profile " 3 " less vulnerable workers , but with low social support . Findings reveal the existence of different vulnerabilities on indicators of precarious work among groups of workers PSF. Suggested to different actions for each group of workers in order to desprecarizar conditions of employment. / A precariza??o do trabalho constitui um dos principais problemas associados ? globaliza??o e aos processos de reestrutura??o produtiva no sistema capitalista. Contribui para alterar as caracter?sticas do trabalho e emprego de forma geral, e em particular no setor sa?de. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar as caracter?sticas do trabalho e emprego do Programa de Sa?de da Fam?lia (PSF), com enfoque em indicadores de precariza??o do trabalho, no munic?pio de Feira de Santana, Bahia no ano de 2012. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiol?gico de corte transversal do tipo explorat?rio-descritivo, com amostra aleat?ria estratificada por ?rea geogr?fica, categoria profissional e n?vel de assist?ncia. Aplicou-se question?rio estruturado a 1.041 trabalhadores da rede p?blica municipal. Para obter as tipologias das caracter?sticas do emprego e trabalho vulner?veis quanto aos indicadores de precariza??o utilizou-se o m?todo Grade of Membership (GoM) - grau de pertencimento. Foram gerados 3 perfis: perfil "1", caracterizado por trabalhadores menos vulner?veis, por?m com baixos rendimentos; perfil "2? marcado por trabalhadores em piores condi??es de trabalho e emprego e perfil "3" trabalhadores menos vulner?veis, por?m com baixo suporte social. Os achados revelam a exist?ncia de diferentes vulnerabilidades referentes aos indicadores de precariza??o do trabalho entre os grupos de trabalhadores do PSF o que pode estar relacionado as condi??es de trabalho e emprego, a organiza??o dos servi?os e aos aspectos psicossociais do trabalho: demanda psicol?gicas advindas do trabalho, controle sobre o pr?prio trabalho, suporte social do chefe e dos colegas de trabalho. Sugere-se a??es diferenciadas para cada grupo de trabalhadores.
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基因轉殖食品之相關法律問題研究洪羽柔, Hung,Yu-Jo Joanne Unknown Date (has links)
本論文所研究之課題係「基因轉殖食品之相關法律問題研究」,與基因轉殖科技有關之產品包括有基因治療藥劑、基因治療儀器、基因轉殖食品、基因轉殖作物等等,本文僅以基因轉殖食品作為討論對象,由於道德倫理等因素在此議題上較未如基因治療等其他議題重要,故在討論基因轉殖食品之產品責任時,問題亦較為稍微簡化。惟值得注意者,基因轉殖食品之研究及發展,多認因人類對於基因工程的認知有限,故無法預期基因轉殖作物的釋出於環境中,更無法確知基因轉殖食品供與人類或其他生物所食用消費時,是否具有不可避免之風險。在探討基因轉殖食品之相關法律問題前,應先對基因轉殖技術的特性有一初步了解,否則,無法判定能否將基因轉殖食品視同目前其他一般食品予以規範,故本論文先簡單介紹基因轉殖技術,再就目前我國就基因轉殖食品的法律管制作說明,包括基因轉殖食品的安全性檢驗及標示規定,並藉由其他先進國家相關規範的介紹,進一步檢討我國法規的妥適性。其次,再就基因轉殖食品對於既有的產品責任所造成之衝擊為分析,以檢討目前的產品責任規範能否解決基因轉殖食品所可能產生的問題。最後,試圖以本文檢討之結論,就我國目前基因轉殖食品之相關規範提出立法建議。
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A method for measuring human foot shape during running stanceBlenkinsopp, Robert January 2015 (has links)
Knowledge of the three dimensional shape of the human foot is important in the design of shoes to facilitate correct fit. Currently only the static shape of the foot is considered despite the fact that the foot undergoes changes in its shape, particularly in athletic pursuits, due to associated movements and loadings. Attempts, presented in research, have been made to measure dynamic foot shape. However, to date, measurements have been limited in detail as well as restricted to walking gait, as a result of the method. The work of this thesis aimed to develop a methodology that would be capable of measuring the three dimensional shape of the human foot during the stance phase of gait, in locomotion speeds associated with running.
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Teoretická a skutečná přesnost měření fotogrammetrického systému Tritop / The theoretical and actual measurement accuracy of TRITOP photogrammetry systemKlus, Patrik January 2018 (has links)
This diploma thesis examines the impact of selected factors on the measurement accuracy of Tritop photogrammetry system and verifies the validity of theoretical predictive formulas. Primary attention is given to factors that are easily influenced by the inspector - namely number of captured images, shooting distance, number of scale bars and number of coded targets. In addition, experiments dealing with the measurement automation and the use of external color filter are also described in this thesis. Seven scale bars placed on a jig of cube shape were subject of the measurements (according to VDI/VDE 2634 standard). Two approaches were used in order to obtain measurement deviations – reference values, from which the measured data were subtracted to obtain deviations, were known due to the use of scale bars. Second approach consisted in evaluation of deviations from software Tritop Professional. The results showed that the number of photographs and shooting distance have the greatest impact on measurement accuracy of Tritop system. The accuracy was also influenced by number of coded targets in the scene or by use of the external green filter. Measured data were compared to the values obtained from predictive formulas. The results showed that the formula defined by the GOM company has a prediction accuracy of more than 96 %. However the formula is dependent on the input parameter called “Image accuracy” for which the value recommendations are made in this work. The results of this work can help predict measurement uncertainties more precisely and optimize the measurement methodology of Tritop photogrammetry system.
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Mortalidade segundo sua causa de morte e seus determinantes: uma an?lise para as capitais brasileiras e munic?pios do nordeste do Brasil, 2000 e 2010Dantas, Thiago de Medeiros 31 July 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-07-31 / Esta disserta??o foi desenvolvida considerando a elabora??o de dois artigos cient?ficos, ambos
relacionados ? mortalidade no Brasil. No primeiro artigo, objetivou-se analisar a mortalidade
segundo os tr?s grandes grupos de causa de morte nas capitais brasileiras. No segundo artigo,
construiu-se uma tipologia para os munic?pios nordestinos levando em conta informa??es
sobre mortalidade por causas externas e um conjunto de indicadores relacionados aos aspectos
socioecon?micos, demogr?ficos e de infraestrutura de tais munic?pios, ambos artigos para os
anos de 2000 e 2010. Desta forma, utilizaram-se os dados do Sistema de Informa??es sobre
Mortalidade do Minist?rio da Sa?de. Ademais, fez-se uso das informa??es dos Censos
Demogr?ficos para aqueles anos. As vari?veis referentes ?s condi??es socioecon?micas e
demogr?ficas usadas neste trabalho foram aquelas dispon?veis na home-page do Programa das
Na??es Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. Utilizou-se no Artigo 1 o m?todo de distribui??o
pro-rata para realizar a redistribui??o dos ?bitos por causas mal definidas. Ademais, fez-se
uso da t?cnica de analise de cluster com o objetivo de agrupar as capitais que apresentavam
propor??es de ?bitos por causas mal definidas similares entre si.. J? no Artigo 2, utilizaram-se
a t?cnica de estima??o Bayesiana Emp?rica; as t?cnicas de estat?stica espacial e; por fim, o
m?todo Grade of Membership para encontrar tipologias dos munic?pios a partir de
informa??es sobre mortalidade por causas externas associadas ?s vari?veis socioecon?micas,
demogr?ficas e de infraestrutura. Quanto aos principais resultados, destaca-se no Artigo 1
que, em rela??o a qualidade dos dados, observou-se a forma??o de quatro grupos de capitais
similares entre si, quanto a propor??o de causas mal definidas. Com rela??o ao
comportamento da mortalidade, segundo os tr?s grandes grupos de causa de morte, notou-se
tanto para o ano de 2000 como para 2010 a preval?ncia dos ?bitos por doen?as n?o
transmiss?veis para ambos os sexos, apesar de ter sido identificado a redu??o das taxas em
algumas das capitais. As doen?as transmiss?veis se destacaram como a segunda causa de
morte entre as mulheres. Tamb?m, foi poss?vel verificar que os ?bitos por causas externas s?o
respons?veis pela segunda causa de morte entre os homens, al?m de apresentar um aumento
entre as mulheres. J? quanto ao Artigo 2, destaca-se, em linhas gerais, n?o s? uma amplia??o
das taxas de mortalidade por causas externas nos munic?pios, como tamb?m, uma amplia??o
da mancha configuradora de exist?ncia de mortes por causas externas para toda a ?rea da
regi?o Nordeste. Em rela??o ? tipologia dos munic?pios, constru?ram-se tr?s perfis extremos:
o Perfil 1, que congrega munic?pios com altas taxas de mortalidade por causas externas e os
melhores indicadores sociais; o Perfil 2, composto por munic?pios que se caracterizam por
iv
apresentar reduzidas taxas de mortalidade por causas externas e os mais baixos indicadores
sociais; e o Perfil 3, que agrupa munic?pios com intermedi?rias taxas de mortalidade e valores
considerados medianos em rela??o aos indicadores sociais. Embora n?o se tenha verificado
mudan?as nas caracter?sticas dos perfis, observou-se o aumento da propor??o dos munic?pios
que pertencem ao Perfil extremo 3, levando em considera??o os perfis mistos. / This dissertation considered the development of two papers, both related to mortality in
Brazil. In the first article, "The context of mortality according to the three broad groups of
causes of death in Brazilian capitals, 2000 and 2010", the objective was to analyze the
mortality rate according to the three major groups of causes of death in Brazilian capitals. In
the second article, "Typology and characteristics of mortality from external causes in the
municipalities in the Northeast of Brazil, 2000 and 2010", it was built up a typology for the
Northeastern municipalities taking into account information on mortality from external causes
and a set of indicators related to socioeconomic, demographic, and infrastructure aspects of
such municipalities, both articles for the years 2000 and 2010. Thus, we used data from the
Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health. Furthermore, it was used information
from the Demographic Census for those years. The variables relating to socioeconomic and
demographic conditions used in this study were those available on the home page of the
United Nations Program for Development. The variables relating to socioeconomic and
demographic conditions used in this study were those available on the home page of the
United Nations Program for Development. Was used in Article 1 the pro-rata distribution
method to accomplish the redistribution of ill-defined causes. Moreover, made use of the
technique of cluster analysis with the aim of grouping the capital that had proportions of
deaths from ill-defined causes similar to each other. Already in Section 2, we used the
technique of Empirical Bayesian estimation; spatial statistics technique; and finally, the Grade
of Membership method to find types of municipalities from information on mortality from
external causes associated with socioeconomic, demographic and infrastructure variables. As
the main results, it stands out in Article 1, in relation to data quality, we observed the
formation of four groups of similar capital between themselves, as the proportion of illdefined
causes. Regarding the behavior of mortality, according to the three major groups of
causes of death, it was noted both for 2000 and for 2010 the prevalence of deaths from noncommunicable
diseases for both sexes, although the reduction was identified rates in some of
the capitals. Communicable diseases stood out as the second cause of death among women.
Also, we found that deaths due to external causes are responsible for the second cause of
death among men, as well as presenting an increase among women. As for the Article 2,
stands out, in general, not just an extension of mortality from external causes in the
municipalities, as well as an enlargement of the configurator stain existence of external cause
deaths for the whole area of Northeast. Regarding the typology of municipalities, three
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extreme profiles were buit: the profile 1, which comprises municipalities with high rates of
mortality from external causes and the best social indicators; the profile 2, that was composed
of municipalities that are characterized by having low mortality rates from external causes and
the lowest social indicators; and the profile 3, that brings together municipalities with
intermediate mortality rates and median values considered in relation to social indicators.
Although we have not seen changes in the characteristics of the profiles, we observed an
increase in the proportion of municipalities that belong to the extreme profile 3, taking into
account the mixed profiles.
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Sediment Flux Through the Rio Grande River: A Monsoonal EffectHiatt, Troy C. 16 June 2010 (has links)
Climate has historically been recognized as an influence on sediment flux and deposition. The North American Monsoon is suggested as the forcing mechanism of deltaic progradational events of the Rio Grande River delta. Interpretations of reflection seismic profiles reveal that eustatic rise in sea-level from the Last Glacial Maximum to present is accompanied by several regressional events of the Rio Grande delta 5.5, 9.5, and 11.5 ka BP. Much of the migration of depositional facies within a delta system is forced by hinterland tectonics and base-level rise and fall. However, we suggest that the movement of facies within the Rio Grande delta system represent climate forcing as the most dominant influence on sediment deposition during this short time period. While dominance of climate influence is possible, the sensitivity of an increase in monsoon precipitation and its effect on sediment flux has not yet been tested. We test monsoonal effects using relationships between sediment flux, river discharge, and precipitation. Heavy water management and withdrawal and complexity of precipitation timing and events within the region make the relationship between precipitation and sediment flux difficult to quantify using modern data sources. Therefore, it is necessary to numerically simulate stream discharge to test potential sensitivities of the system to monsoonal precipitation using a stream discharge model. Precipitation input into the stream discharge model is gathered from a suite of climate model simulation outputs. Suspended sediment flux is derived from the outputs of the flow models using empirically derived sediment rating curves. Results of sediment modeling show that increased precipitation during the monsoon months of July-September, 6 ka BP increased monthly suspended sediment flux by 79 percent. The suite of climate models does not include 9 or 11 ka BP, but we suggest the monsoon may have been stronger during this time based on greater received insolation at these times. This study also shows that duration and intensity of monsoonal precipitation events can more greatly affect stream discharge and sediment flux than increased precipitation with constant storm intensity.
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