This dissertation argues that during the nineteenth century, the journey to London revealed a world undergoing systemic change as industrialisation steadily eroded the traditional rhythms of the countryside in favour of urban modernity; indeed, London is regarded as a synecdoche for the forces shaping the wider world. This work uses tourist narratives to London as investigative tools to examine the ways in which individuals comprehend the modern changes occurring around them, as represented by the British capital, and does so in a comparative fashion, investigating the British Empire, the United States, Britain itself, and continental Europe. In so doing, it addresses two questions: first, whether one’s acceptance or rejection of modernity was predicated upon specific social and national preconditions; and second, whether the idea of nineteenth-century modernity was itself a non-universal construction dependent upon a variety of socio-cultural outlooks. The evidence for this study is drawn from the published and unpublished narratives of tourists from the four different contexts mentioned above, and divided into four chapters to focus upon each group. This study is grounded in a theoretical context which establishes a correlation between the methods used to interpret the city’s spaces, and the methods used to interpret modernity more generally. I conclude that the changes occurring from the interaction between global modernity and local culture were regarded with ambivalence and uncertainty, judgments influenced by London’s impact on the visitors mentioned above. The city gives a physical dimension to the travellers’ imagined fears, benefits, or concerns over future progress. Victorian London is thus one focus for a transformation affecting large segments of the nineteenth-century world, illustrating that modern industrial changes were ultimately perceived as being ambiguous and ambivalent forces.

By the mid-1950s leisure travel became both a new arena in the civil rights movement as well as a tactic in that struggle. Middle class African Americans felt their travel (both domestic and international) constituted both a critique of race relations at home and a realization of their rights as citizens. Alongside this development, I argue, was the proliferation of black travel columns and travel ads that simultaneously upheld the Caribbean as a model of racial progressivism while reinforcing its status as an exotic location dedicated to the pleasure of American tourists. By 1960 this ostensibly apolitical movement became politicized when ex-boxer Joe Louis met resistance from the mainstream press after promoting Fidel Castro's Cuba as a black American playground. In this second section I argue that the scandal surrounding Louis' PR campaign was revelatory of white unease regarding the transnational racial/political connections being forged between a selection of African Americans and Castro, thus constituting the story as yet another episode in the entangled development of the Cold War and the civil rights movement. / History

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2016-08-30T20:44:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Roberta Vieira de Oliveira Ramos - 2015.pdf: 6041505 bytes, checksum: 1312b8723c039bebd468790d3ff56589 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-08-31T13:16:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Roberta Vieira de Oliveira Ramos - 2015.pdf: 6041505 bytes, checksum: 1312b8723c039bebd468790d3ff56589 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-31T13:16:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Roberta Vieira de Oliveira Ramos - 2015.pdf: 6041505 bytes, checksum: 1312b8723c039bebd468790d3ff56589 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Humanity's constant search to know and understand the nature and its transformations leads us to questions and in-depth studies, especially listing the actions of Homo sapiens itself as a major modifier of the medium. In this context, we propose to investigate the tourism, with its social and environmental issues, limited and restricted to Rio Quente municipality (GO) through a comparison between the years 1990 and 2014. In addition to the permissive factor for economic development, tourism aroused the interest of scientists and geographers due to environmental impacts, forcing public and private managers to take responsibility and different postures. Thus, this work presents reflections considering the important concepts of Geography in the tourism approach and analysis of the environmental impacts of this activity. To this end, different stages were developed: literature searches, field and / or laboratory. Thus, it appears, at first, one of Tourism Geography literature; in a second time a review of the history of tourism; In a third step in a dialogue with the various authors dealing with the social and environmental impacts; and on the fourth time, we present an analysis of the perception of the human population on the Rio Quente municipality in this regard. Considering the peculiarity of the region, the tourist concentration on his unique place in Sector Esplanada and its great distance from the center and other districts of the city, it was decided to define the sector Esplanada as the main focus of the study. Tourism in Rio Quente municipality (GO), as analyzed, showed an exponential growth after the 1990 The increase in the number of tourists caused, hence the increase in public revenue from tourist activities in Sector Esplanada. This growth showed, however, various environmental issues and the transformation of the local landscape, especially in the sector in question who were the pillars of this study. The results obtained allow us to understand how the tourism phenomenon has influenced the new forms of appropriation and use of space, its commercialization, the willingness of the local culture and landscape. Further, the work allowed the identification of positive and negative impacts generated by tourism activity and turn to issues such as jobs, recreation for the local population, quality of life, income, among others. Therefore, the dissertation discuss the issue of tourism in this municipality goiano through the various concepts and the reality experienced by the native local population, serving as a reference, including, for improved management or actions to balance the identified environmental impacts. To extract relevant information when searching and studying the environmental and tourism issues, this dissertation added information regarding the concepts of geography, specifically, the positive and negative impacts that permeate tourism in Rio Quente (GO). This reflection involves, above all, the local human population, enabling the participation of citizens in the construction of the study, which contributed to the consistent thread of scientific reasoning, aligning it with the theoretical framework presented. The research presented here can only be considered an initiative, a tool and even a warning to the public and private agencies in Rio Quente municipality (GO) and surrounding with regard to the perception that local people have the their environmental projects in Sector Esplanada, to show their satisfaction or dissatisfaction, when comparing the application of economic resources in the 1990-2014 period. / A busca constante da humanidade em conhecer e compreender a natureza e suas transformações leva-nos a questionamentos e estudos profundos, mormente elencando as ações do próprio Homo sapiens como principal modificador do meio. Nesse contexto, propomo-nos a investigar o turismo, com suas questões socioambientais, delimitado e restrito ao município de Rio Quente (GO), através de um comparativo entre os anos de 1990 e 2014. Além do fator permissivo para o desenvolvimento econômico, o turismo despertou o interesse de cientistas e geógrafos devido aos impactos socioambientais gerados, obrigando gestores públicos e privados a assumirem responsabilidades e posturas diferenciadas. Assim, o presente trabalho apresenta reflexões considerando os importantes conceitos da Geografia na abordagem do Turismo e na análise dos impactos socioambientais dessa atividade. Para tanto, distintas etapas foram desenvolvidas: pesquisas bibliográficas, de campo e/ou de laboratório. Dessa maneira, apresenta-se, em um primeiro momento, uma da literatura da Geografia do Turismo; em um segundo momento uma revisão da história do turismo; em um terceiro momento um diálogo com os diversos autores que tratam dos impactos socioambientais; e, no quarto momento, apresenta-se uma análise da percepção da população humana no município de Rio Quente em relação ao tema. Considerando a peculiaridade da região, a concentração turística em seu único local no Setor Esplanada e sua grande distância do Centro e demais bairros da Cidade, optou-se por delimitar o Setor Esplanada como foco principal do estudo. O turismo no município de Rio Quente (GO), conforme analisado, apresentou um crescimento exponencial após a década de 1990. O aumento no número de turistas ocasionou, consequentemente, o incremento das receitas públicas provenientes das atividades turísticas no Setor Esplanada. Esse crescimento evidenciou, em contrapartida, várias questões socioambientais e a transformação da paisagem local, mormente, no Setor em análise que foram os sustentáculos do presente estudo. Os resultados alcançados permitiram compreender como o fenômeno do turismo vem influenciando as novas formas de apropriação e consumo do espaço, sua mercantilização, a disposição da cultura e da paisagem local. Ademais, o trabalho permitiu a identificação de impactos positivos e negativos gerados pela atividade turística e que se voltam para questões como oferta de emprego, lazer para a população local, qualidade de vida, renda, entre outras. Portanto, a dissertação discutiu a problemática do turismo nesse Município Goiano através dos diversos conceitos e da realidade vivenciada pela população nativa do local, servindo como referência, inclusive, para a melhoria da gestão ou ações para equilibrar os impactos socioambientais identificados. Ao extrair informações relevantes durante a pesquisa e por meio do estudo das questões socioambientais e turísticas, a presente dissertação agregou informações referentes aos conceitos da Geografia, especificamente, dos impactos positivos e negativos que permeiam o turismo em Rio Quente (GO). Essa reflexão envolveu, sobretudo, a população humana local, possibilitando a participação dos munícipes na construção do estudo, o que contribuiu para o encadeamento coerente do raciocínio científico, alinhando-o aos referenciais teóricos apresentados. O trabalho de pesquisa aqui apresentado pode ser considerado apenas uma iniciativa, uma ferramenta e, até mesmo, uma advertência para os órgãos públicos e privados no município de Rio Quente (GO) e circunvizinhos no que se refere à percepção que a população local tem dos seus projetos socioambientais no Setor Esplanada, ao mostrar sua satisfação ou insatisfação, quando se compara a aplicação dos recursos econômicos no período de 1990 a 2014.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2018-08-15T11:52:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 andrebarcelosdamascenodaibert.pdf: 14818660 bytes, checksum: 3b17c5b8d12f401d614d8da837953525 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-08-15T11:54:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 andrebarcelosdamascenodaibert.pdf: 14818660 bytes, checksum: 3b17c5b8d12f401d614d8da837953525 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T11:54:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 andrebarcelosdamascenodaibert.pdf: 14818660 bytes, checksum: 3b17c5b8d12f401d614d8da837953525 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-19 / PROQUALI (UFJF) / O objetivo central deste trabalho foi entender e discutir criticamente a gênese e evolução do turismo como tema de planejamento territorial no âmbito das políticas públicas brasileiras através de uma perspectiva histórica. Foram estudados os diferentes instrumentos de planejamento que tiveram o Estado como agente protagonista ou interlocutor e que configurou a interseção entre as categorias planejamento urbano / desenvolvimento turístico. Como recorte temporal foi selecionado o período do Estado Novo (1937-1945), a partir de uma determinada realidade empírica. No caso, a cidade de Petrópolis. O estudo foi realizado em duas etapas distintas, a saber: Pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. A partir da análise percebeu-se que a gênese das políticas públicas de turismo no Brasil advém do Estado Novo. Tais ações do Estado se concretizaram através de políticas territoriais decisivas para a transformação de diversas cidades brasileiras. Nesse período a cidade de Petrópolis passou por uma expressiva reconfiguração urbana visando o seu desenvolvimento turístico onde os grupos dominantes vigentes à época contaram com o significativo aporte do Estado que, em suas três esferas, protagonizou um conjunto de instrumentos e ações que foram decisivas na consolidação dessa reconfiguração nos anos seguintes. Identificou-se ainda que a organização burocrática estatal proposta para o turismo assim como uma série de ações desenvolvidas para este setor possuiu uma profunda influência dos regimes de tendência nacionalista totalitária da época. / The main aim of this work was to understand and to critically discuss the genesis and evolution of tourism as anissue of territorial planning within the Brazilian public policies through a historical perspective. It was studied the different tools of planning which had the State as the main agent or the interlocutor and which set up the intersection between the categories of urban planning \ touristic development. As a time frame it was selected the period of the New State (1937-1945), from a certain empirical reality. In this case the city of Petrópolis. The study was conducted in two distinct stages, namely: literature search and desk research. From the analysis it was realized that the genesis of tourism public policies in Brazil comes from the New State. Such State actions were materialized through decisive territorial policies for the transformation of several Brazilian cities. During this period the city of Petropolis underwent significant urban reconfiguration aimed at tourism development where the dominant groups in power at the time relied on the significant State contribution, in its three spheres, played a set of tools and actions which were decisive in the consolidation of this reconfiguration in the following years. It was still identified that the State bureaucratic organization proposed for tourism as well as a series of actions developed for this sector possessed a deep influence of trends of totalitarian nationalist regimes of that time.

Le tourisme représente depuis une quarantaine d’années un enjeu pour l’avenir de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, entité territoriale océanienne relevant de l’outre-mer français. Cependant, il reste une activité secondaire face à la prédominance économique et historique de l’activité minière et de la métallurgie. Le tourisme se développe et s’étend pourtant de façon rapide sur toute la planète, devenant la principale ressource de nombreux pays ou régions, notamment en zone tropicale et dans les îles. Pourquoi n’en est-il pas de même en Nouvelle-Calédonie ? Quels facteurs locaux, régionaux ou internationaux concourent au faible développement et à la stagnation de l’activité touristique dans l’archipel ? À travers trois parties et neuf chapitres, cette thèse permet d’appréhender l’évolution du tourisme en Nouvelle-Calédonie depuis les années 1970 jusqu’à 2010 et de comprendre l’état actuel de stagnation et de volonté de nouvelle étape dans la dynamique globale de son développement. Elle présente les différentes tendances marquant le décollage du tourisme dans l’archipel calédonien, la difficulté à atteindre et conserver une dynamique ascendante et l’intérêt limité des Calédoniens pour cette activité relativement récente. Enfin, elle revient sur la recherche d’une identité calédonienne qui pourrait servir de base à une nouvelle image touristique et expose quatre scénarios prospectifs sur le devenir du tourisme en Nouvelle-Calédonie. / Over the last 40 years, tourism represents a major stake for the future of New-Caledonia, this Oceanian territoryentity who’s under French authorities. However, a secondary activity remains due to the economic predominanceand historical activities of the mining and metallurgical industries. The tourism industry is rapidly developing andspreading on earth, becoming the main resource of numerous countries or regions, notably in the tropical zonesand in the islands. Why isn’t it the same for New-Caledonia? Which local, regional or international factorscontribute to a week development and stagnation of the island’s tourist activities? Through tree parts and nine chapters, this thesis permits the forecast New-Caledonia’s tourism evolution sincethe 1970’s trough 2010 and to understand the actual state of stagnation and willingness for new steps in thedevelopment of global dynamics. It presents different tendencies marking the tourism take-off in the Caledonianislands, the difficulties to achieve and keep an up going dynamic; and the limited interest of Caledonians for thisrecent activity. Finally, it comes back to the pursuit of the Caledonian identity that could serve as base to a newtouristic image and it exposes four long-term scenarios on the tourism future of New-Caledonia.

This thesis examines the relationship between regionality and societal integration at the turn of the 20th century from an historical and pedagogical perspective. The national identity project of the time that made national unity its overarching goal and that imagined the nation as a homogenous entity, also institutionalised regional distinctiveness. How did the agents of the time handle the conflict between the regionally particular and the nationally general? What is analysed here is the publicly constructed and mediated “regionality”, which is to say the production of meanings about a region and the projection onto it of expectations and ideas. A discourse on Jämtland has been demarcated, which is analysed alongside other contemporary discourses, including class and gender. All of these discourses were rooted in the concept of “societal”. The conception showed that the development of the societal whole was primary in relation to other interests. Defined as “societal”, formerly excluded identities could be made participants in the building of the nation. Empirical examination is given to how “Jämtland” and “the Jämtlandic” were defined in the regional press, in the framework of general education, and by the Swedish Tourist Association, regional societies, institutions and so forth. The study shows that at the turn of the 20th century, regionality very much functioned as a means to territorially anchor more general ideas and notions that inheredin the modernisation and democratisation of society. With the objective of attaining a higher degree of national integration, a regional distinctiveness was constructed that was nationally complementary and that served as a metaphorfor subordinated participation in society. From grand, majestic panoramas, historical myths, traditional local handicrafts and provincial flowers a symbolic distinctiveness was created, but with the aim of establishing genuine national unity. Society was to be described and understood from particular and individual viewpoints, so that the individual could develop a sense of the general and so that society’s fundamental values were not undermined by his liberation. Jämtlandic regionality that has been identified in the study can thus be regarded as a supra-ideological institution. What came to be regionalised was something more fundamental than the artefacts of cultural heritage that people and institutions believed themselves to be rescuing from modernisation: it was the nation’s territoriality. The concept of hembygd represented a “spatialisation” of the societally coded concept of citizenship, and helped to tie this concept to the individual’s own lifeworld. More than anything else, regionality indicateda perspective on reality. If it was possible to obtain an overview of a regional context from a local vantage point or an individual locally crafted artefact, it was also possible to conceive of the larger national framework of which this region formed a part. The regional denoted the link between the private and the public, between the individual and his abstract national affiliation.