Home care nurses (HCNs) have reported a high rate of exposure to work-related injuries (WRIs). Nurses are challenged by the multidimensional problems associated with home care safety. These contextual risk factors increase the physical and social health problems of health care workers and of community suffering as a whole. This quantitative, cross-sectional study was designed to examine the relationship between the organization-related factors (ORFs) and the environment-related factors (ERFs) and their influences on safety behaviors (SBs) and the WRIs of HCNs. The PRECEDE framework was used to guide the study. Self-reported data were obtained from 74 home health care (HHC) nurses using the Safety Home Care Nursing questionnaire. A linear regression model was applied to determine the nature of the association between the independent variables and dependents variables. Findings showed the ORFs demonstrate a stronger effect on the SBs than the impact of the ERFs. The management commitment and the home-based care significantly affected the SBs. The supervisory support and safety access to a client's home were decreasing the WRIs. Therefore, the integration of efforts: The management and leadership of the health organization, the health care providers, and the clients' family would improve safety of HHC. This study is expected to help develop safety strategies for home care and thus attempt to minimize WRIs among HCNs. Nurses free of injuries are able to provide a quality of care and improve patients' health outcomes that in turn have an effect on reducing community suffering and financial costs.

This study examined the meaning of feeling fearful for nurses entering community/public health (C/PH) nursing. Nurses are entering the C/PH workforce with less experience and education than ever before, and may feel afraid or fearful in their jobs. Additionally, the autonomous nature of C/PH nursing poses significant challenges for this population such as fear of isolation and/ or abandonment. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explicate the meaning of feeling fearful for new C/PH health nurses. Ten nurses with up to 2 years of C/PH experience volunteered for this study. The research questions were guided by the humanbecoming theory and its objectives. The 3 objectives were to describe the significance of feeling fearful; rhythmical patterns of relating connected to feeling fearful; and the concerns, plans, hopes, and dreams related to feeling fearful. Participants provided narratives via face-to-face and telephone interviews. Data were analyzed using manual coding, analysis-synthesis, and were documented in humanbecoming language. The findings revealed a feeling of fear as a disquieting unease arising with the unforeseen, with unpredictable affiliations surfacing amid diverse encounters, and as pondering possibilities arise with potent assuredness. These findings may influence positive social change by providing an opportunity for hospital administrators, nursing faculty, and public health agencies to dialogue about fearful experiences that new C/PH nurses encounter. Moreover, this study could stimulate ideas that foster nonthreatening learning environments in academic nursing programs, C/PH orientations, and nursing residencies.

Detta är en uppsats där normer och värderingar om vårdbiträdet i hemtjänst undersöks genom kritisk diskursanalys. Datamaterial omfattar SOU-rapporten I den äldres tjänst. Äldreassistenten – ett framtidsyrke samt två fokusgruppsintervjuer med omsorgspersonal från en hemtjänstenhet. Diskursanalysen utförs i förhållande till och i samspel med sekundärlitteraturen. Utöver den språkliga analysen tas även kulturella och sociala dimensioner med i studien. För att ringa in rådande diskurser studeras centrala termer och formuleringar genom att undersöka hur ofta och upprepat de förekommer, samt vilken inkludering och exkludering som görs. I spänningsfältet som uppträder mellan den statliga diskursen och den praktiknära diskursen framträder stridigheter om de brister som äldreomsorgen tillskrivs. På politisk statlig nivå framträder en normerande bild av vårdbiträdet som den bristande länken i lagarbetet kring den äldre. På praktiknära nivå framhålls en förklaringsmodell där organisering och ledning är centrala bristkomponenter. Praktiker-diskursens faktorer bemötande och lön konkurrerar med de överordnade faktorerna som återges i SOU-diskursen; utbildning och validering. / This study is a discourse analytical study of norms and values in the Swedish public home health care sector. The discourse is studied at two different levels in Swedish society: the political and the practical. Information is collected through focus-group interviews at the practical level and at the political level from a report in the Swedish Government Official Reports Series (SOU 2008:126), appointed by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs.   Government-sponsored publications and reports are used as a basis for executive and legislative decision-making in the parliament and the government. The governmental study is an important template for the formation and maintenance of norms and valuations. Elder care workers constitute Sweden's largest labor force and a majority of them are employed by municipalities. The SOU report motivates competence-reform in light of pending waves of retirements within the elder care work force, increased demand for elder care, and decreasing high-school enrollment in care and service programs. The discourse analysis is executed in relation to and in concert with the secondary literature.   The theoretical and methodological perspective in this study takes its starting point in Fairclough's critical discourse analytical theory and method. This provides dialectic of structures and practices, where discourse has an influence on and is influenced by social structures. In Fairclough's view, discourse practices are an important form of social practice that contributes to the forming of identities and relationships. The study investigates discursive practices in the report in order to uncover their role in the perpetuation of an unequal balance of power, so called ideological effects.  The study reveals contradictions within the SOU report and discordance between the report and home health care workers. Despite a societal eagerness to professionalize the home health aide, the political discourse relegates the aide to the bottom of the care hierarchy, by excluding issues such as compensation and subordinating questions concerning the organization and management. Discourses and action-space for workers in the home health care environment can be investigated in light of current deficiencies in top-down guidance and limited opportunities for peer-group meetings, especially since an increasing number of home health care workers have Swedish as a second language. Interactive research with both workers and management could be investigated and developed with pedagogical tools as a part of process of reform. Because Swedish society places such a high value on government reports, it is of continuing importance to scrutinize through critical-discourse analysis the entity of governmental research.

Den elektroniska journalen är en del av distrikts- och sjuksköterskors dagliga arbete och ökar förutsättningen för ett patientsäkert arbete. Distrikts- och sjuksköterskor arbetar efter kärnkompetenserna informatik och säker vård, men brister i den elektroniska journalen kan påverka dessa negativt. Syftet var att undersöka sjuksköterskors och distriktssköterskors kunskap om och förståelse av att använda elektronisk journal i kommunal hemsjukvård. Metod: kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie. Urvalet bestod av sjuksköterskor och distriktssköterskor från fem kommuner i Kronobergs län (n 67). Datainsamlingen skedde med frågeformulär som analyserades med beskrivande statistik. Resultat: elektroniska journalen ansågs i hög grad vara ett bra stöd i det dagliga arbetet, och bidrog till en god och säker vård. Navigeringen i journalen och informationsöverföring mellan olika vårdgivare innebar oftast inte några större problem. Dubbeldokumentation mellan olika system förekom ofta och kunskap om journalens funktioner saknades. Det var i de flesta fall inte möjligt att använda journalen mobilt i hemsjukvården, trots att behov fanns. Över 80 % uppgav att läkemedelslistan ibland eller sällan var uppdaterad. Dessa brister kan påverka patientsäkerheten negativt eftersom förutsättningen för att bedriva en säker vård är att informationen i journalen är tydlig och korrekt. Studiens resultat kan ligga till grund för fortsatt forskning inom patientsäkerhet och utveckling av journalens användarvänlighet. / The electronic patient record is a part of nurses´ daily work, and increases the premise of patient safety. Nurses work by the core competencies informatics and safety, but flaws in the electronic patient record can affect these adversely. The aim of the study was to investigate the nurses' knowledge and understanding of using electronic patient records in municipal home care. Method: quantitative cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of nurses and district nurses from five municipalities in the county of Kronoberg (n 67). The data collection was done using questionnaires, which were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results: the electronic patient record was to a high degree considered to be a good support in the daily work, and to contribute to a good and safe care. Navigation in the patient record and transfer of information between different health care providers, was usually not regarded as a major problem. Double documentation between various systems were common. There was a lack of knowledge of the patient record´s functions. It was in most cases not possible to use wireless connections for the patient record in the patient´s home, although the need existed. Over 80 % stated that the medication list was updated sometimes or rarely. These shortcomings can affect patient safety in a negative way, because the prerequisite for providing a safe care is that the information in the patient record is clear and accurate. The results of the study could be the basis for further research in safety, and for the development of the electronic patient record´s usability.

Diss. Luleå : Luleå tekniska univ., 2003.

Sammanfattning Titel:                                  Distriktsköterskors erfarenheter av delegering för kompressionslindning i hemsjukvården Fakultet:                             Hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap Kurs:                                  OMA 312. Examensarbete i omvårdnad 15hp Författare:                           Malin Ahnstedt och Lina Nilsson Handledare:                        Anna Nordin Examinerande lärare:          Maria Harder Examinator:                        Birgitta Bisholt Sidor:                                  31 Datum för examination:     oktober 2018 Svenska nyckelord:             Hemsjukvård, distriktssköterska, delegering, säker vård, kompressionslindning   Bakgrund: Hemsjukvården idag innebär alltmer avancerade hälso- och sjukvårdsinsatser vilket ställer höga krav på distriktssköterskans kunskap och ledarskap. Distriktssköterskan överlämnar olika medicinska uppgifter till omvårdnadspersonalen och utgår då från olika författningar och riktlinjer. Det handlar även om att distriktssköterskan har en central ledarroll och ska arbeta för en säker vård. I Sverige ses en ökning av kroniska bensår vilket påverkar både det dagliga livet och livskvaliteten hos de drabbade. En viktig del i behandlingen av bensår är kompressionslindning. Distriktssköterskan i hemsjukvården delegerar kompressionslindning till omvårdnadspersonalen. Syfte: Beskriva distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av delegering för kompressionslindning i hemsjukvården. Metod: Kvalitativ intervjustudie med induktiv ansats genomfördes och analyserades utifrån kvalitativ innehållsanalys. 12 distriktssköterskor som arbetade i kommunal hemsjukvård intervjuades från sex olika kommuner. Resultat: Det framkom två generiska kategorier, Distriktssköterskors tillvägagångssätt vid delegering och Distriktssköterskors erfarenhet av vilka konsekvenser delegering kan leda till. Dessa beskrivs med tre subkategorier vardera. Konklusion: Studien visade att distriktssköterskorna utförde delegering av kompressionslindning till omvårdnadspersonalen på olika sätt, personlig eller generell delegering. Vid generell delegering innebär det att verksamheterna inte följer lagar, författningar och riktlinjer fullt ut och att patientens säkerhet kan påverkas negativt. Deras erfarenhet var att kunskap samt arbeta evidensbaserat ligger till grund för att delegera säkert. Patientens säkerhet och livskvalitet påverkades av omvårdnadspersonalens kunskap och intresse för att utföra den delegerade uppgiften. / Abstract Title:                                   District nurses experience of delegation for compression therapy in home healthcare Faculty:                               Health, Science and Technology Course:                               OMA 312 Degree project - nursing,15 ECTS Authors:                              Malin Ahnstedt och Lina Nilsson Supervisor:                          Anna Nordin Examiner:                           Maria Harder Examiner:                           Birgitta Bisholt Pages:                                 31 Date for the examination:   October 2018 Key words:                         Home Health Care, District Nurse, Delegation, Safe care, Compression Therapy   Background: Home healthcare today means increasingly advanced healthcare efforts which place high demands on district nurses' knowledge and leadership. The district nurse handles various medical information to nursing staff based on different regulations and guidelines. The district nurse's also have a central leadership role and will work for a safe care. In Sweden, an increase in chronic leg ulcer is seen which affects both the daily life and the quality of life for the victims. An important part of the treatment of leg ulcers is compression therapy. The district nurse's delegates compression therapy to nursing staff in home care. Purpose: Describe district nurses experience of delegating compression therapy in the home health care. Method: Qualitative interview study with inductive approach that was conducted and analyzed based on qualitative content analysis. 12 district nurses from six different municipalities working in municipal home healthcare were interviewed. Result: Results are presented within two generic categories which were, District nurse's approach to delegation and District nurse's experiences the consequences delegation can lead to. These are described with six subcategories each. Conclusion: The study showed that district nurses performed delegation of compression wound care to nursing staff in different ways, personal or general delegation. In general delegation, the activities do not fully comply with laws, regulations and guidelines and the patient's safety can be adversely affected. Their experience is that knowledge, as well as evidence-based work, is the basis for a safe delegation. The patient's safety and quality of life are influenced by the nursing staff's knowledge and interest in performing the delegated task.

Nous nous sommes intéressés à la problématique d’organisation des tournées de soins à domicile dans le cadre de structures de maintien à domicile comme par exemple les service d’Hospitalisation À Domicile ou les Services de Soins Infirmiers À Domicile. Les soins sont prodigués au domicile des patients par un ou deux soignants d’un type défini, comme médecin ou infirmier par exemple pendant une période de disponibilité du patient. Le patient est caractérisé par un niveau de dépendance et peut exprimer une préférence pour être soigné par un soignant plutôt qu’un autre. L’objectif est de construire les tournées des soignants en rendant visite à tous les patients tout en minimisant la longueur (ou durée) des tournées, en équilibrant les tournées suivant le niveau de dépendance des patients et en favorisant la préférence des patients. Après avoir réalisé un état de l’art des problèmes d’organisation de tournées de soins à domicile, nous proposons deux modélisations mathématiques de notre problème sous la forme d’un multiple Traveling Salesman Problem avec fenêtres de temps (m-TSPTW) auquel s’ajoute des contraintes spécifiques comme la synchronisation d’activités ou la prise en compte de types de ressource et des critères de performance propres au problème (équilibrage et préférence). Nous avons ensuite proposé des méthodes approchées basées sur des couplages métaheuristique - modèle de simulation testées sur des instances de la littérature d’un problème proche du nôtre et des instances adaptées à notre problème. Pour terminer, nous abordons trois perspectives de recherche :- la réorganisation des tournées suite à l’absence d’un soignant,- la prise en compte de temps de transport stochastique,- la localisation de structures de maintien à domicile et l’impact sur la construction des tournées. / We are interested in a routing problem within the context of home health care. The cares are provided by one or two caregivers with the required type at the patient’s home during the patients’ availability. A type is doctor or nurse for instance. Each patient is characterized by a dependency level and may give a preference for a caregiver. The goal is to construct the tour for each caregiver visiting all patients, minimizing the length of the tours, balancing the workload of the caregivers and maximizing the satisfaction of the patients. We present a state of the art of the home health care problem. Then we propose two mathematical models of our problem based on the multiple Traveling Salesman Problem with Time Windows (m-TSPTW) with specific constraints like the activities’s synchronization or ressources’ type. The performance criteria are specific of our problem : workload balancing and patients’ satisfaction. We then propose approached methods based on combination between Metaheuristics and simulation model. This méthods have been tested on dataset from the literature and dataset adapted to our problem. We conclude with three research perspectives :- the reorganization of the tours when a caregiver is not available,- the integration of stochastic transport time,- the location of home support structure and its impact on the routes’ construction.

Orientador: Maria da Graça Garcia Andrade / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T10:51:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Verri_BeatrizHelenadeMattosAraujo_D.pdf: 2941736 bytes, checksum: 2a31728c546fd9c05099b8fd358ef2c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF) é considerado como uma estratégia de reorganização do modelo assistencial da rede básica, cujo foco são as famílias de determinado território, em que se utiliza a adscrição de clientela, a definição de micro-áreas de risco, o trabalho em equipe e a presença de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS), de forma a integrar ações de promoção, prevenção, assistência e reabilitação. Uma atividade regular do programa é a Visita Domiciliar (VD) realizada pelos ACS e que, por sua expressão numérica e potencial de intervenção na relação do programa com as famílias, constitui-se em objeto privilegiado de reflexão no interior do modelo assistencial. O presente estudo objetivou conhecer o significado, para famílias, equipes de PSF e gestores, da VD e do papel que nela desempenham os ACS, assim como a potência desse instrumento para captar as necessidades de saúde das famílias, de forma a subsidiar a construção de intervenções que favoreçam a autonomia dos usuários. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, cujo material empírico foi obtido através de entrevistas e observação participante. A pesquisa foi realizada no PSF do município de Amparo/SP, envolvendo três unidades de saúde da família, cinco equipes de saúde e 16 ACS. Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com usuários, médicos, enfermeiros e gestores, e entrevistas em grupo com os ACS, assim como observação participante das visitas realizadas rotineiramente pelos agentes nos domicílios, em especial a pacientes portadores de doenças crônicas. Os resultados encontrados revelaram que, para as famílias, a VD tem significado a construção de vínculos afetivos com o programa e a equipe, a despeito de questionamentos quanto à resolutividade das visitas; expressaram, por outro lado, um intenso processo de medicalização no que concerne às expectativas quanto à forma de resolução dos seus problemas de saúde. OS ACS demonstraram grande responsabilização pelas famílias adscritas, mas, do ponto de vista institucional, mostraram dificuldades para captar as necessidades de saúde e, sobretudo, para articular junto à equipe, intervenções dirigidas a elas, assim como para lidar com a frustração decorrente da impossibilidade de enfrentá-las. A autonomia dos usuários não se apresentou como elemento constituinte dos objetivos da VD e da atuação do agente, não representando uma ferramenta utilizada pela equipe nos casos em que havia dificuldades para o controle da doença crônica. O estudo aponta a necessidade de rever a norma que orienta a periodicidade da VD e de reformular os seus objetivos e conteúdos, com o propósito de potencializar sua utilização no interior de projetos de cuidado integral elaborados pela equipe do PSF com a participação da família, bem como o desafio necessário de trabalhar na lógica da construção da autonomia dos usuários no cuidado à saúde / Abstract: The Family Health Program (FHP) is considered as a strategy of reorganization of the basic net model of assistance, focus of which is the families of a given territory, where it is used the clientele adscription, the definition of risk micro-areas, the team work and the presence of health community agents, in a way to integrate actions of promotion, prevention, assistance and rehabilitation. A regular activity of the program is the Home Visit (HV), accomplished by the Health Community Agents (HCA), and that, on account of its numerical expression and intervention potential in the family-program relation, constitutes privileged object of reflection within the model of assistance. The present study aimed at knowing the meaning, for families, FHP and managers teams, of the HV and the role the HCA play in there, as well as the power of that instrument to capture the families¿ health needs, in a way to subsidize the construction of interventions to favor the users¿ autonomy. It is a qualitative study, which made use of empirical material obtained through interviews and participant observation. The research was carried out in the Family Health Program of the municipal district of Amparo/SP, involving three units of family health, five health teams and 16 community agents. Individual interviews were performed with users, doctors, nurses and managers, and group interviews with HCA, as well as participant observation of the visits routinely accomplished by the HCA in the homes, especially to patients who carry chronic diseases. The results found revealed that for the families, the HV have meant the construction of a link of more affectionate character with the program and the health team, despite of queries over its effectiveness; on the other had, they have expressed an intense prescription-related process concerning expectations as for the way to solve their health problems. The HCA have demonstrated great responsibility for the adscripted families, but, on the institutional point of view, they showed some difficulties to capture the health needs, mainly aiming at articulating interventions along with the teams, as well as on how to deal with frustration originated from the impossibility of facing them. The users' autonomy did not come as constituent of the objectives of the visits and of the agents' performance, not representing a tool used by the team in the cases when there were difficulties for the control of the chronic disease. The study points to the need of reviewing the norm that guides the HV periodicity and of reformulating its objectives and contents, with the goal of potentializing its use within the total care projects elaborated by the FHP team with the family participation, as well as the necessary challenge of working in the logics of constructing the users¿ autonomy as for the health care / Doutorado / Saude Coletiva / Doutor em Saude Coletiva

The present study aimed to identify social representations of home health care in the context of terminality on the perspective of the family caregiver. It is a qualitative research, and its participants were the family caregivers of the terminal oncologic patients who participated on the Home Health Care Service of University Hospital of Santa Maria (SIDHUSM) . The number of participants was determined by saturation criteria, totalizing 11 interviewed caregivers. Data collection was carried out through narrative interviews and simple observation. Data analysis was carried out through content analysis, considering the perspective of social representations theory. Ethical principles were respected, so that the participants rights were protected, as their participation was formalized through signing Informed Consent. Among the results, the family caregiver seemed to represent home health care as a way to easily access human and material resources, which are necessary concerning health care to be attained at home. Such way of health care also represents a health care team as reference, which, in a certain way, favors assistance throughout the urgent moments of terminality. It was evident that the caregivers understand home health care as beneficial for the patient, since it allows freedom and autonomy as regards meal times, hygiene, sleep, entertainment and visits. However, on the perspective of the family caregiver, home health care represents an overload, deprivation, greater responsibility, among other feelings, such as anguish and anxiety. Hospital, on the other hand, represents isolation for the patient, since it means restricted visiting hours, as well as lack of autonomy due to caregiving routines. Concerning the caregiver, hospital care represents freedom, since he can maintain his personal activities, concomitant with the feeling of being less responsible. It was possible to identify the importance of the nursing team, as regards the verification of the experience and readiness of the family caregiver to take this role, since many of them reported to feel anguish, not only caused by the diagnostic information of the patient, but also concerning the lack of preparation to take care of another person. Lack of autonomy is observed in some situations. The occultation of the diagnosis of terminality to the patient is something which happens quite often. Facing home health care of the terminal patient implies in seeing the human being degradation, enabling the emergence of several feelings as regards the family caregiver. In conclusion, it is relevant for the nursing team and the health care team, to understand and to know the social representations of home health care produced by family caregivers, since it may help on the approach and receptiveness towards them, who are suffering when receiving the diagnosis of terminality of their family member. Moreover, considering this study has demonstrated that home health care is represented by the family caregiver in its limitations, deprivation and challenges, it is urgent and emergent to come up with new ways to assist the family caregiver. Thus, the health care team may become a social support entity. Through listening, communication and enabling autonomy of the patient and his family it will be possible to accomplish a more holistic health care. / O presente estudo objetivou identificar as representações sociais da internação domiciliar na terminalidade sob o olhar do cuidador familiar. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, sendo considerado participante da pesquisa o cuidador familiar do paciente terminal oncológico vinculado ao Serviço de Internação Domiciliar do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (SIDHUSM). Foi utilizado o critério de saturação dos dados, para delimitação do número de participantes, totalizando em 11 cuidadores entrevistados. A coleta de dados foi por meio de entrevista narrativa e observação simples. A análise dos dados foi por meio da análise de conteúdo, com o olhar da teoria das representações sociais. Os princípios éticos foram respeitados, de forma a proteger todos os direitos dos participantes, com formalização da participação por meio de Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Dentre os resultados encontrados, percebeu-se que, no olhar do cuidador familiar, a internação domiciliar representa acesso fácil a recursos materiais e humanos, os quais são necessários no cuidado a ser realizado no domicílio. Essa modalidade de cuidado, representa também uma equipe de saúde como referência, a qual de certo modo, favorece o atendimento nas urgências da terminalidade. Ficou bem evidente, que os cuidadores, entendem a internação domiciliar, como benéfica para o paciente, pela liberdade e autonomia nos horários de refeições, higiene, sono, lazer e recebimento de visitas. Todavia, para o cuidador, o cuidado no domicílio, propicia sobrecarga, privação, maior responsabilização, dentre outros sentimentos como angústias e ansiedades. O hospital, pelo contrário, representa para o paciente, um isolamento, pelos horários de visitas restritos, e também pela falta de autonomia devido a rotinização das ações de cuidado. Já para o cuidador, a internação do paciente no hospital, representa liberdade, pois este consegue manter, de certa forma suas atividades pessoais, ao mesmo tempo que se sente menos responsável. Identificou-se também, a importância da enfermagem verificar a experiência e o preparo do cuidador para assumir este papel, pois muitos se sentiram angustiados, não somente com a informação do diagnóstico do paciente, mas também, pela falta de preparo para cuidar de outra pessoa. A falta de autonomia em algumas situações são observadas. A ocultação do diagnóstico de terminalidade ao paciente é algo bem freqüente. Enfrentar o cuidado do paciente terminal no domiciliar implica em ver a degradação do ser humano, o que faz emergir inúmeros sentimentos no cuidado familiar. Conclui-se, que, faz-se relevante para a enfermagem, e equipe de saúde, entender e conhecer as representações sociais da internação domiciliar, produzidas pelos cuidadores familiares, pois isso pode facilitar na abordagem e no acolhimento, a estes, que estão em certo sofrimento pelo fato de estarem recebendo o diagnóstico de terminalidade do familiar doente. Ainda, pelo estudo ter demonstrado que para o cuidador familiar, a internação domiciliar, apresenta-se com muitas limitações, privações, e desafios, pensar em como atender as demandas desse cuidador familiar torna-se urgente e emergente. Assim, a equipe, tornar-se-á uma forma de apoio social, e que, por meio da escuta, da comunicação, pela efetivação da autonomia do paciente e família, será possível a realização de uma atenção mais integral.

Bakgrund: Primärvård och hemsjukvård skiljer sig åt organisatoriskt och ledningsmässigt vilket kan påverka verksamhet och arbetsuppgifter, detta kan i sin tur påverka den psykologiska och sociala arbetsmiljön för distriktsköterskor/sjuksköterskor. Syftet med studien var att jämföra eventuella skillnader i den psykologiska och sociala arbetsmiljön hos distriktsköterskor/sjuksköterskor inom primärvården respektive hemsjukvården. Metoden var en kvantitativ jämförande tvärsnittsstudie med datainsamling via enkäten QPSNordic 34+. Enkäten administrerades till 159 utvalda deltagare inom primärvården och 148 utvalda deltagare inom hemsjukvården. Enkäten besvarades 39 distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor inom primärvården och 39 distriktsköterskor/sjuksköterskor inom hemsjukvården. Resultatet visade signifikanta skillnader i fyra av elva kategorier av den skattade psykologiska och sociala arbetsmiljön mellan primärvårdens distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor och hemsjukvårdens distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor. Skillnaderna fanns i ”arbetskrav”, ”kontroll i arbetet”, ”skicklighet i arbetet” och ”stress”. I samtliga av dessa fyra kategorier skattade primärvårdens deltagare sin psykologiska och sociala arbetsmiljö lägre jämfört med skattningen från hemsjukvårdens deltagare. Slutsatsen är att distriktsköterskor/sjuksköterskor inom primärvården skattar sin psykologiska och sociala arbetsmiljö lägre jämfört med distriktssköterskor/sjuksköterskor inom hemsjukvård. / Background: There is a different in management and organization in primary health care and in municipal home health nursing. This different may effect activities and tasks at work, which in turn can affect the psychological and social work environment of district nurses / nurses. The purpose of this study was to compare any differences in the psychological and social work environment of district nurses/nurses in primary health care and home health nursing. Method: A quantitative, comparative cross-sectional study was conducted and the data was collected with the survey QPSNordic 34+. The survey was administred to 159 participants in primary care and to 148 participants in home health nursing. The survey was answered by (n = 39) district nurses /nurses in primary health care and (n = 39) district nurses/nurses in home health nursing. The result showed significant differences in four out of eleven categories in the psychological and social work environment between the district nurses/nurses in primary care and the district nurses/nurses in home care. Differences were found in "work requirements", "control at work", "work skills" and "stress". In all of these four categories, district nurses/nurses in primary health care estimated their psychological and social work environment lower than the estimation from district nurses/nurses in home health nursing. The conclusion of this study was that district nurses/nurses in primary health care estimate their psychological and social work environment lower in comparison to the district nurses/nurses in home care nursing.