The 18th of December 2015 the Swedish parliament approved a change in migration policy, allowing for the government to implement ID- controls at the Swedish border. The policy change was put forward in a, for Sweden, unusual way in that, that it happened quickly, deviated from standard procedure and represented a different stance than the one previously held by the government. By applying an evolved version of the multiple streams framework, originally put forth by Kingdon (2003), I seek to find an explanation for why this policy change occured. A description of the different components of the theoretical framework, as they appear in this specific case, is provided through an analysis of different kinds of government publications and documents, along with articles from the press and public opinion polls. The results of the study indicates that a change in the problem stream opened a policy window of oppurtunity for the government, in the form of a policy entrepreneur, to push for their policy solution, in adherence to the change in the national mood. The study further points to a discussion concerning the salience of this kind of theoretical contextualisation in cases like this one.

With a strong and continuous development in medical technology products, the need to connect the right data to the right person is increasing, a form of patient identification. When the identification is not working it could lead to catastrophic accidents like the wrong person being operated. The problem could be solved with a mobile application. After desktop research and interview a prototype was made that would work as a patient identifier. The prototype is made as a mobile application that uses the NFC technique to transfer data. After, among other things, interviews with staff from health care the conclusion was that only bigger errors within patient identification were documented. It was hard to know how many errors were made in total. Therefore, the solution to the problem could be a mobile application that reads ID bands. This could be one step in the patient identification chain to reduce even small errors. / Med en stark och kontinuerlig utveckling av medicintekniska produkter ökar behovet att koppla rätt data till rätt person, en form av patientidentifiering. När det inte blir rätt kan det leda till katastrofala olyckor som exempelvis att fel patient opereras. Detta skulle då kunna lösas med hjälp av en mobilapplikation. Efter skrivbordsundersökning och intervju framställdes en prototyp som ska fungera som patientidentifiering. Prototypen är gjord som en mobilapplikation som använder NFC-teknik för att överföra data. Efter bland annat intervjuer med anställda inom vården har slutsatsen dragits att enbart större felhandlingar kring felidentifiering har dokumenterats och att det har varit svårt att veta hur många felidentifieringar som totalt uppstår i vården. Därför skulle en lösning kunna vara en mobilapplikation som avläser ID-band vara ett steg i identifieringskedjan för att även minska små fel inom patientidentifiering.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate whether learners' computer self-efficacy and prior computer knowledge influence their performance and satisfaction when presented with various instructional strategies of information presentation in computer-based software training. Seventy-eight undergraduate students were randomly assigned into four groups (a) deductive-inquisitory, which present general information first and then require learner to generates examples, (b) deductive-expository, which present general information first then present examples, (c) inductive-inquisitory, which present examples first and then require learners to discover relationship, (d) inductive-expository, which present examples first then present general information. The instructional materials were computer-based Netscape Composer 7.1 tutorials. For the comparison of inductive-inquisitory and inductive-expository groups, results indicated that learners with higher computer self-efficacy not only performed better but also were more satisfied towards inductive-inquisitory strategy for information presentation. Learners with low computer self-efficacy benefited more from the inductive-expository approach of information presentation. Furthermore, for the comparison of deductive-expository and inductive-expository groups, learners with high computer self-efficacy performed better in deductive-expository strategy, while learners with low computer self-efficacy benefited more in inductive-expository strategy. Some of the research recommendations for further research included using a larger sample size for the generality of the finding, measuring how different instructional strategies influence the learners' long term memory, and exploring other possible moderating factors and other strategies for information presentation that has positive impact on learners' performance in and satisfaction towards computer based software training.

I detta arbete har jag undersökt personligt uttryck och musikaliskt ID inom låtskriveri. Syftet var att utveckla mitt personliga uttryck och musikaliska ID som låtskrivare. Inspirationskällor tillika låtskrivare inom americanagenren analyserades för att se om inspirationen utvecklade mitt eget låtskrivande. Låtskrivarnas låtar analyserades utifrån sex olika musikaliska aspekter, textinnehåll, form, melodik, harmonik, sångframförande och vokalarrangemang. Inom aspekterna återfanns utmärkande musikaliska element som användes som utgångspunkt i mitt eget musikskapande. Försök till att identifiera vilka musikaliska element som var utmärkande i mitt eget musikskapande visade sig vara komplicerade att identifiera. Svårigheter att förstå eller finna ett eget personligt musikaliskt uttryck, påverkades av att det inte alltid gick att bibehålla ett objektivt förhållningssätt och på så sätt kunna förstå sitt egna uttryck för att utvecklas. Däremot påvisades att dessa musikaliska element var utvecklande och inspirerande för önskan att skriva egen musik.

Detta forskningsarbete undersöker om och hur olika, tydliga musikaliska begränsningar påverkar min musikaliska identitet. Syftet med detta arbete är att få en djupare förståelse för vem jag är som låtskrivare och musikskapare. För att besvara de frågeställningar mitt syfte skapar, har jag utfört två experiment i form av två låtar som jag skrivit på obegränsat respektive begränsat sätt. De begränsningar jag använde mig av var speedwriting utifrån ett tema, ordassociationer kring temat, samt en kort tidsbegränsning på 24 timmar. Arbetsprocessen dokumenterades med hjälp av förandet av en loggbok, där jag skrivit ner de observationer och reflektioner jag gjort under skaparprocessens gång. Studiens resultat var att begränsningarna gav upphov till betydligt ökad kreativitet och produktivitet i mitt musikskapande, utan att kränka eller på något sätt förminska det som redan utmärkte mig som låtskrivare och topliner. Dessa begränsningar förstärkte snarare de aspekter som tillsammans bildar mitt musikaliska ID. Forskningsarbetet har gett mig flertalet verktyg för att vidareutveckla mitt musikaliska skapande i min framtida praktik. Undersökningen har också gett mig insikter om när jag känner mig som mest uppfylld som kreatör och en nyfikenhet om att ta del av mer forskning kring begränsat skapande har väckts till liv.

Digitization is shaping society, services that were previously handled analogically are now managed digitally. The COVID-19 pandemic has acted as a catalyst for the increasing use of digital services. This has contributed to the digital divide between individuals who can access digital services and those who cannot. Reducing digital inequality is crucial for sustainable development in our digital society. A study on digital exclusion with the aim to investigate the significance of BankID for residents. Through analyzing scientific articles based on assumptions formulated through research in the field. The research question that the study seeks to answer is, "In what way does BankID risk becoming a socially excluding tool?”. Twelve interviews were conducted with respondents aged 65 or older. These interviews provided the basis for three different themes that were analyzed. The study reveals that older individuals strongly associate the use of BankID with their home environment for security reasons. This connection indicates their serious commitment to digital security but may potentially widen the digitalgap between older and younger generations. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the importance of finding a balance between security and inclusion to ensure that respondents do not miss out on digital opportunities. The results underscore the need to improve the userfriendliness and clarity of BankID to enhance digital competence and reduce digital exclusion. / Digitisering präglar samhället där tjänster som innan har skötts analogt nu han-teras digitalt. Pandemin COVID- 19 har agerat som en “katalysator” för ökande digitala tjänster. Detta har bidragit till den digital klyfta mellan individer som kan utnyttja digitala tjänster och de som inte kan. Reduceringen av den digitala ojämlikheten är väsentlig för att utveckla det digitala samhället på ett hållbart sätt. En studie om digitalt utanförskap med syfte att undersöka betydelse av BankID för invånare. Arbetet analyser vetenskapliga artiklar utifrån antagande som formulerades med hjälp av forskning inom området. Forskningsfrågan som studien syftar att besvara är “På vilket sätt riskerar BankID att vara ett socialt exkluderande verktyg”. Tolv intervjuer utfördes med respondenter som är 65 år eller äldre. Dessa intervjuer lägger underlag för tre olika teman som analyseras. Studien visar att äldre starkt relaterar användningen av BankID till deras hemmiljö av säkerhetsskäl. Denna koppling visar att de tar sin digitala säkerhet på allvar men kan potentiellt öka den digitala klyftan mellan äldre och yngre generationer. Sammanfattningsvis dras slutsatsen att balansen mellan säkerhet och inkludering är avgörande för att respondenterna inte ska missa digitala möjligheter. Resultatet understryker vikten av att förbättra användarvänligheten och tydligheten kring BankID för att öka digitala kompetensen och minska digitalt utanför-skap

The present four field studies explored the effectiveness of multiple prevention techniques designed to increase the frequency of cashiers' identification (ID)-checking behaviors from a customer-focused and cashier-focused approach. Studies 1 and 2 examined customer-focused approaches, whereas Study 3 examined a cashier-focused approach. Study 4 examined a combination of the cashier-focused and customer-focused approaches. From a customer approach, Study 1 investigated the use of four prompts (a no-prompt control, an antecedent only, an antecedent with a positive consequence, and an antecedent with a negative consequence) at encouraging cashiers to ask customers for their ID during a credit purchase. Research assistants (RAs) visited various stores and made credit purchases, while displaying one of the four prompts covering their card's signature line to the cashier during check-out. The results showed RAs were checked for ID the most when using the prompts containing the antecedent and consequence, which was checked for ID significantly more than the no-prompt control. Study 2 (also a customer approach) attempted to replicate Study 1 in a non-college community. Using a similar methodology as Study 1, the results showed RAs were checked for ID the most when using the prompt with the antecedent and positive consequence, which was checked for ID significantly more than the no-prompt control. From a cashier approach, Study 3 investigated the use of a goal-setting and prompt intervention led by the restaurant manager to increase the frequency of cashiers' ID-checking behavior. Using an A-B-A (Baseline-Intervention-Withdrawal) reversal design at one of two restaurants, the results showed the intervention restaurant's percentage of ID-checked purchases increased from Baseline to the Intervention phase. But, it decreased slightly during the Withdrawal phase, showing functional control but also some maintenance over the target behavior. The percentage of ID-checked purchases at the control restaurant was almost nonexistent throughout the study. Study 4 investigated the impact of using two intervention approaches (i.e., the customer and cashier approach) as opposed to one (i.e., the customer approach) to increase the frequency of cashiers' ID-checking behavior. While the A-B-A phases were occurring in the restaurants used in Study 3, RAs entered the restaurants and displayed an antecedent and positive consequence prompt to the cashiers during a credit purchase. The results of Study 4 partially supported the hypothesis. The cashiers in the intervention restaurant significantly checked more RAs for ID when two intervention approaches were combined than when only one intervention approach was used during Baseline, but not during the Withdrawal phase. / Ph. D.

In order for a piezoelectric transducer to be used as a sensor and actuator simultaneously, a direct charge due to the applied voltage must be removed from the total response in order to allow observation of the mechanical response alone. Earlier researchers proposed electronic compensators to remove this term by creating a reference signal which destructively interferes with the direct piezoelectric charge output, leaving only the charge related to the mechanical response signal. This research presents alternative analog LMS adaptive filtering methods which accomplish the same result. The main advantage of the proposed analog compensation scheme is its ability to more closely match the order of the adaptive filter to the assumed dynamics of the piezostructure using an adaptive first-order high-pass filter. Theoretical and experimental results are provided along with a discussion of the difficulties encountered in trying to achieve perfect compensation of the feedthrough capacitive charge on a piezoelectric wafer. / Master of Science

by Ng Tou-Kun. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64). / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES --- p.vi / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.vii / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / What is Calling Number Display Service --- p.1 / Benefits of CND --- p.2 / Disadvantages of CND --- p.4 / Launch of CND Service in Hong Kong --- p.5 / Research Objectives --- p.8 / Scope of Study --- p.8 / Structure of Report --- p.9 / Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.10 / Launch of CND Service in Foreign Countries --- p.10 / The Adoption Process --- p.12 / The Diffusion Process --- p.13 / Implications to Marketers --- p.14 / Strategy for Introductory Stage --- p.15 / Market Segmentation --- p.17 / Chapter III. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.19 / Survey Method --- p.19 / Sample Design --- p.20 / Questionnaire Design --- p.20 / Pilot Test --- p.22 / Data Collection --- p.22 / Data Analysis --- p.22 / Chapter IV. --- RESULTS OF SURVEY --- p.23 / Demographic Information --- p.23 / Subscriber Line Information --- p.25 / Classification of Respondents --- p.26 / Awareness of CND Service --- p.27 / People Interested in CND Service --- p.29 / People Intended to Subscribe CND Service --- p.29 / CND Subscribers --- p.30 / Attitude towards CND Service --- p.30 / Attitude towards Hongkong Telecom as Service Provider --- p.32 / Association between Consumer Attitude with Service Adoption --- p.34 / Association between Demographics and Subscriber Usage Information with Service Application --- p.37 / Chapter V. --- CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION --- p.39 / Market Situation --- p.39 / Market Planning --- p.40 / Market Segmentation Strategy --- p.40 / Product Development Strategy --- p.41 / Promotional Strategy --- p.43 / Pricing Strategy --- p.44 / Limitations --- p.44 / Epilogue --- p.47 / APPENDICES --- p.48 / Chapter I. --- Network Service License of Hong Kong Telephone Company : Extracted Clause on Confidentially of Customer Information --- p.48 / Chapter II. --- Questionnaire of Survey --- p.49 / Chapter III. --- Association of CND Benefit Malicious Call Reduction with Service Adoption --- p.57 / Chapter IV --- Association of CND Benefit Warmer Greeting to Friends with Service Adoption --- p.58 / Chapter V. --- Association of Importance of Selective Call Answering with Service Adoption --- p.59 / Chapter VI. --- Association of Importance of Back Calling with Service Adoption --- p.60 / Chapter VII. --- Association of Importance of Warmer Greeting to Friends with Service Adoption --- p.61 / Chapter VIII. --- Association of Importance of Ease of Service Operation with Service Adoption --- p.62 / Chapter IX. --- Association of Education Level with Service Adoption --- p.63 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.64