The thesis focuses on how literary texts of the so called "great tradition" can become parts of contemporary pop culture based on intertextual connections (a wide variety of them from explicit quotation to loose inspiration by the original) with the historical canonical texts, and especially on the changes occurring during such actualization in the narrative categories (storyline, space, time, characters, narrator). The theoretical part defines the concept of adaptation and related terms of intertextuality and intermediality and specifies relevant narrative categories. The analytic part focuses on two literary "giants", William Shakespeare to represent male literary oeuvre and Jane Austen as a representative of female writers' tradition, to show particular narrative modifications by comparing the original versions with their modernized adaptations that function as their pop cultural counterparts.

Wim Vandekeybus est l'un des chorégraphes majeurs de la nouvelle danse belge. Nous proposons à travers cette étude d'analyser son Œuvre sous l'angle de la démesure. Nous nous sommes attachés à un corpus limité d'œuvres appartenant à son travail chorégraphique et cinématographique. La fougue chorégraphique de ses débuts transparaît-elle toujours dans ses pièces les plus récentes comme Blush ou Sonic Boom, où la place de la narration est réévaluée ? Tout d’abord, nous nous sommes focalisés sur la violence du propos chorégraphique. Une temporalité de l’urgence ordonne les actions des interprètes. Les rapports humains sont eux-aussi emprunts d’une certaine tension, notamment les rapports hommes/femmes. Puis, nous nous sommes penchés sur les obsessions du chorégraphe, à la recherche d’un corps au comportement instinctif. La mise en scène d’un corps exacerbé, poussé jusque dans ses retranchements prédomine. Outre une recherche chorégraphique, Wim Vandekeybus s’intéresse à la création d’une image scénique, obtenue par les éclairages ou l’intrusion d’un écran de projection cinématographique. Au contact du médium audiovisuel le corps se déchaine et atteint un état dionysiaque. Le corps filmé dans Blush détient la même force, la même énergie excessive, qui caractérise sa scène. Enfin, la réintroduction du verbe, par les diverses collaborations avec des auteurs contemporains, comme Peter Verhelst, P. F. Thomèse ou Jan Decorte exacerbe les passions et ne conduit point à un assagissement du corps, ni même du propos chorégraphique. / Wim Vandekeybus is one of the most important choreographers to the new belgian wave. The purpose of our study it’s to analyze its work in terms of the excess. We study a restraint corpus of works belonging to his choreography and film work. The choreographer ardor of his debut reflected still in its most recent performances such as Blush or Sonic Boom, where the place of the narration is re-evaluated? First of all, we make a focus on the choreographic language’s violence. An emergency’s temporality ordered the performer’s actions. The human relationships are too concerned by this tension, like the relationships between male and female. Then, we take attention to choreographic’s obsession, who research an instinctive behavior. The staging of an exacerbated body pushed into his boundary predominates. Apart from a choreographic research, Wim Vandekeybus is interested in the creation of a stage image, obtained by light creation or introduction of a screen. Confronted to the cinematographic image the body blows up and reaches a Dionysian state. The image of the body in Blush, the movie has the same strength, the same excessive energy, which distinguish his stage. Finally the re-introduction of the narration, by collaborations with contemporary authors, such as Peter Verhelst, P. F. Thomèse or Jan Decorte exacerbates the passions and not achieves to a quiet body.

Lorsque la création d'une image se fait grâce à l'utilisation, la manipulation d'un appareil, il arrive un moment où celui-ci devient central et le sujet de tous les questionnements. La pratique de la photographie m'a amenée à ce type d'interrogation. Comment photographier devient soudain une question aussi récurrente qu'essentielle. Une réflexion critique sur ce que l’on croit être une simple technique et que l'on emploie pour faire une image photographique, libérée alors de toutes fascinations, devient possible. Mais comment procéder à l'analyse de l'appareillage photographique? C'est en considérant l'appareil comme un ensemble global, un paradigme, participant pleinement à la création et la conditionnant en même temps, qu’il paraît possible de mener une réflexion sur cette place particulière qu'occupe l'appareillage photographique dans la réalisation d'image ou (/ et) d'installation de celle-ci. Cette interrogation peut dès lors être étudiée à travers une mise à plat de l'appareil photographique dans une définition plus élargie de ce dernier que la simple considération de l’appareil de prise de vue afin de savoir ce qu’il est par nature mais aussi dans ses usages, et alors de découvrir sa poïétique propre ainsi qu’un rapport singulier au réel. Cette méthodologie s'apparente à une déconstruction, puis une monstration, voire une mise en excès pour eux-mêmes des éléments premiers et fondamentaux de l'appareil producteur d'image photographique (grain, brûlure, planéité, obscurité...) ; ce qui le constitue et en fait sa particularité. D'une autre manière, le conditionnement qu'opère l'appareillage photographique dans la réalisation d'images peut se penser par une mise en évidence du procès : une mise en valeur, une exhibition du processus du faire, de la démarche, de la méthode qui permet à l'image d'être. Cette démarche et cette recherche recontextualisent le faire, l'expérimentation, la poïétique à l'oeuvre dans chaque réalisation plastique d'image photographique. / When creating a picture is done by using and operating a camera there comes a time when this device becomes essential and a subject for all kinds of questioning. Photography brings this type of questioning to my mind. How to take a picture all of a sudden happens to be an essential as well as recurring question. Then a critical appreciation free from fascination may be undertaken on what we consider as a mere technique that is used to take a picture. But how to proceed to the analysis of the photographic medium ? Considering the medium as a global set a paradigm taking full part in the creation and conditioning it at the same time allows the carrying out of an appreciation on this particular part taken by the photographic medium in the realization (or installation) of a picture. From that moment this appreciation can be studied by examining all the elements of the camera in a wider definition of the latter than a mere consideration of the camera itself in order to know not only what it is but also how to use it and thus to find out its own “poïétique” as well as its unique connection to reality. This method relates to a deconstruction then a bringing forward of the primary and fundamental elements of a photographic medium (grain, burn, flatness, darkness…) ; what it is made of and makes it unique . In a different way, the conditioning that the photographic equipment operates in the realization of pictures can be considered as a disclosure of the process : an emphasis on the process, the approach, the method that allows the picture. This approach and this research make it possible to recontextualize the process the « poïétique » at work in each artistic creation of photographic pictures.

Cette thèse a pour objectif de lire à travers les médias hôtes que sont la littérature, la bande dessinée et le cinéma, la présence d’éléments picturaux au sein de fictions biographiques. Il s’agit d’une étude comparative qui considère l’art comme lieu de reconstruction mais aussi de conservation de l’histoire en général et de l’histoire artistique en particulier. De manière générale, les interactions entre le pictural et les autres arts prennent deux orientations. La première est la reconstitution du champ pictural et de son fonctionnement. Et la seconde orientation passe par la réappropriation des techniques et des moyens de création produisant des effets picturaux au sein des autres formes artistiques. L’insertion du pictural laisse donc entrevoir une tension entre le média qui recoit et la forme insérée et le résultat se partage entre opacité et transparence; homogénéité et hétérogénéité du média hôte. / The aim of this thesis is to read through the media hosts that are the literature, comics and cinema, the presence of pictorial elements in biographical fiction. Here is about a comparative study that considers art as a construction’s place but also the conservation of the history in general and artistic history in particular. In general, the interactions between the pictorial and other arts take two ways. The first way or orientation is the reconstitution of the pictorial field and it's functioning. And the second way or orientation goes through the reappropriation of techniques and means of creation producing pictorial effects with other artistic forms. The insertion of the pictorial may suggests a clear tension between the host media and the inserted form and the result is divided between opacity and transparency; homogeneity and heterogeneity of the host media.

La fiction de Steven Millhauser est caractérisée par le mouvement perpétuel : un mouvement générique du réalisme au fantastique, avec des intrigues qui résistent aux dénouements et des personnages, des lieux et des objets en transformation constante. Son œuvre nous présente exploration de la métamorphose littéraire, qui se manifeste à la fois comme style d'écriture et comme motif. Enracinée dans une conception typiquement américaine de la métamorphose, née de la philosophie Ralph Waldo Emerson, la métamorphose millhauserienne attire l'attention du lecteur sur le pouvoir transformateur de l'art et plus spécifiquement de la littérature. Utilisant la relation entre l'art et l'identité culturelle comme point de départ, notre thèse montre que la fiction de Millhauser développe la nature métamorphique de l'expérience esthétique. Au cœur de la dynamique de la métamorphose littéraire se trouve la relation entre lecteur, texte et auteur, relation transformatrice que Millhauser met en scène à plusieurs reprises, afin d'explorer les possibilités et les limites du language. Si sa fiction illustre le potentiel destructeur de la métamorphose linguistique, et manifeste aussi une certaine angoisse concernant les limites du langage, son œuvre est néanmoins dominée par un sentiment d'émerveillement et d'espoir dans la valeur régénératrice de la fiction, et son pouvoir de faire resurgir la beauté d'un monde devenu ordinaire. / Steven Millhauser's fiction is characterized by perpetual movement: a transition from realism to the fantastic, with plots which resist denouement and characters, places and objects in constant transformation. Millhauser's work offers the reader a literary metamorphosis which is both stylistic and thematic. The millhauserien metamorphosis is typically American, the offspring of Emersonian philosophy, and it highlights the transformative power of art and, specifically, of literature. Using the mutually transformative relationship between art and cultural identity as a starting point, this thesis demonstrates the ways in which Millhauser's fiction develops the metamorphic nature of the esthetic experience. The relationship between the reader, the text and the author is at the heart of literary metamorphosis, and this transformative relationship, which often appears in Millhauser's work, sets the stage for an exploration of the possibilities and limits of language. If Millhauser's fiction illustrates the destructive potential of linguistic metamorphosis, and articulates a certain anxiety concerning the limits of language, his work is nonetheless dominated by the sentiment of wonder and hope in the regenerative value of fiction and its power to reveal the unusual beauty of a world which has become ordinary.

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-05T12:08:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSE.pdf: 5735177 bytes, checksum: 402ed66b1ad084da0464cec7b3aa81db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T16:14:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSE.pdf: 5735177 bytes, checksum: 402ed66b1ad084da0464cec7b3aa81db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T16:14:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSE.pdf: 5735177 bytes, checksum: 402ed66b1ad084da0464cec7b3aa81db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T16:14:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSE.pdf: 5735177 bytes, checksum: 402ed66b1ad084da0464cec7b3aa81db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The research aims to think over about the overlaps between fiction and documentary in the film The Motorcycle Diaries (2004) by Walter Salles, using intermediality as method. We will use the intermedial phenomena proposed by Rajewsky (2012) as methodologi cal tools, thinking about intermedial transposition, combination of media and intermedial references. So, it's possible think over what kind of reading instruction is been triggered by the film, from the perspective proposed by Odin (2012): fictivizante or documentarizante. Our interest here is to think how literature transposed into film triggers such statements, relating the use of an open script to the reality of filming and also considering the influences between fiction and documentary related to road movie. We also seek to understand instructions that the film gives to emulate the photo and refer to documentary photography in three black and white sequences and using archival footage in the end credits. / A pesquisa se propõe a refletir sobre as imbricações entre ficção e documentário no filme Diários de motocicleta (2004) do diretor Walter Salles, por meio da intermidialidade. Usaremos os fenômenos intermidiáticos propostos por Rajewsky (2012) como instrumentos metodológicos, pensando a transposição intermidiática, a combinação de mídias e as referências intermidiáticas. Dessa forma, será possível refletir quais instruções de leitura o filme estará acionando, dentro da perspectiva proposta por Odin (2012): fictivizante ou documentarizante. Interessa-nos aqui pensar como a transposição da literatura para o cinema aciona tais instruções, relacionando o uso de um roteiro aberto à realidade das filmagens e pensando também as influências entre ficção e documentário relacionadas ao road movie. Buscamos entender também que instruções o filme dá ao emular a fotografia e referenciar a fotografia documental em três sequências em preto e branco e ao utilizar imagens de arquivo nos créditos finais.

Dans le domaine des littératures francophones, on peut dénombrer actuellement une vingtaine d’auteurs chinois francophones : Tcheng Ki-Tong, Sheng Tcheng, Chow Ching Lie, François Cheng, Gao Xingjian, Shen Dali, Ya Ding, Dai Sijie, Ying Chen, Wei Wei, Shan Sa, et Ling Xi… Ces écrivains circulent dans différentes cultures, se servent de deux langues, et, par conséquent, leurs écritures mélangent une couleur chinoise avec une couleur occidentale. À travers leurs expériences, nous remarquons que certains d’entre eux ont développé une double pratique artistique, en accord avec leur identité culturelle désormais duelle. Ils construisent ainsi non seulement un pont entre deux langues et deux cultures, mais aussi un pont entre différents médias ou supports artistiques (romanesque et cinématographique ou pictural). Comment s’est développée la littérature francophone chinoise ? Et comment appréhender l’écriture romanesque et la pratique artistique des auteurs francophones chinois ? Centré sur des auteurs francophones chinois et leurs œuvres, notre travail formule une hypothèse sur l’articulation entre interculturalité et intermédialité au sein de la francophonie chinoise. / In the field of francophone literature, there are currently about twenty French-speaking Chinese authors : Cheng Ki-Tong, Sheng Cheng, Cheng Ching, Francois Cheng, Gao Xingjian, Shen Dali, Ya Ding, Dai Sijie, Ying Chen, Wei Wei, Shan Sa, and Ling Xi... These writers circulate in different cultures, use two languages, and consequently their writing mixes a Chinese color with a Western one. Through their experiences, we note that some of them have developed a double artistic practice, in accordance with their cultural identity, which is now dual. They thus build not only a bridge between two languages and two cultures, but also a bridge between different media or artistic supports (novelistic and film or pictorial). How has Chinese francophone literature developped itself ? And how can we understand the novelistic writing and the artistic practice of the French-speaking Chinese authors ? Focused on French-speaking Chinese authors and their works, our research formulates a hypothesis about the articulation between interculturality and intermediality within the Chinese Francophonie.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:34:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Geovana da Silva Martelo.pdf: 1277116 bytes, checksum: 8cd2da693099af7d9cd5ff48bb751456 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-26 / Este estudo pretende focar-se na capacidade comum da literatura e do cinema em produzir narrativas, pois na dinâmica das formas de narrar dessas duas artes parece haver um intercâmbio que produz renovadas estratégias de narração. Para empreender este estudo, será utilizada uma perspectiva que leva em consideração os meios materiais da narrativa implicados nessas duas artes, dentro da visão teórica das materialidades de comunicação e da intermidialidade, a partir de um diálogo com McLuhan, Gumbrecht, Schmidt e Paesch. Nessa ótica, o sistema literário é pensado em sua inter-relacão histórica com outros sistemas culturais e midiáticos, apropriando-se sempre de novos contornos. A partir desse ponto de vista, é possível afirmar que desde o século XIX a literatura tem sido envolvida pelo contexto das tecnologias audiovisuais, que alcançaram, na contemporaneidade, uma representatividade significativa. Em consequência disso, as fronteiras entre literatura e cinema se diluíram ainda mais, resultando em renovadas formas e tessituras da narrativa literária. Assim, este estudo pretende fazer uma aproximação entre os meios expressivos da literatura e do cinema com o objetivo de investigar os reflexos da intersecção dessas mídias no romance Confissões de Ralfo: uma autobiografia imaginária, do escritor Sérgio Sant Anna / This study is intended to focus on the common capability of literature and cinema in producing narratives, for in the dynamics of storytelling on these two arts there seems to be an interchange that creates renewed forms of narration strategies. In order to set forth this study, a perspective that takes narrative s material supports involved in these two arts will be utilized. Such an approach considers literature as a system that embodies the phenomenon of narration. Within this perspective, the literary system is interrelated to other systems, assuming new outlines. As from these points of view, it is possible to defend that since the 19th century literature has been surrounded by the context of the new oncoming medias which have reached, in modern age, remarkable importance. For that reason, the frontiers between literature and cinema have dissolved even more, resulting in renewed forms of textual tessitures of theirs narrations. Thus this study intends to draw an approximation between expressive means of literature and of cinema so as to investigate the reflexes of the intersection of these two medias in the novel Confissões de Ralfo: Uma autobiografia imaginária by the author Sérgio Sant Anna

Dans la lignée des « romans de l’actrice » de la fin du XIXe siècle, plusieurs romanciers français et américains prolongent la fortune littéraire de cette figure au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, dans un siècle marqué par l’essor du cinéma et plus largement de la culture populaire. Il s’agit d’analyser comment la littérature perçoit et raconte ces changements à travers la figure de l’actrice, que celle-ci soit inventée ou inspirée de personnes réelles. Les romans de l’actrice du second XXe siècle se caractérisent par une forte homogénéité des enjeux narratifs et empruntent à d’autres genres, tels que le roman de l’artiste et le conte de fées. La sémiologie du personnage central est marquée par un métier qui sème le trouble dans son identité, entre le moi, les rôles et la persona et par l’importance d’un corps portant les marques hyperboliques du genre et de la beauté. Les actrices romanesques illustrent la domination masculine et bien rares sont celles qui trouvent une capacité d’agir et se font « actrices » de leur devenir. L’écriture romanesque opère ainsi une « défiguration » de la figure qui expose la déchéance derrière les images splendides, ou exacerbe ces images pour faire de la merveille un monstre. L’enjeu de ces textes est également intermédial : il s’agit, pour le roman, de se mesurer au cinéma qui l’a remplacé dans son statut de récit populaire, en imitant ses procédés mais aussi en racontant ses modes de réception dans une vision parfois iconoclaste. S’opère ainsi une réflexion sur la littérature et la culture à travers la figure de l’actrice, artiste sans œuvre propre, parfois double de l’auteur dans des jeux entre référence et fiction. / Following in the footsteps of late-19th-century “actress novels”, a number of French and American novelists prolonged the literary fortunes of the actress-protagonist in the years immediately following the Second World War, in the broader context of a century heavily influenced by the rise of the cinema and, more largely, of popular culture. This dissertation analyzes how literature perceives and recounts these changes through the character of the actress, be she fictional or based on a real-life person. Actress novels of the second half of the 20th century are characterized by their predominantly homogenous narrative aims and borrow from other genres, such as the artist novel and the fairytale. The semiology of the main character is marked by a profession that confuses her identity between her own ego, her characters and her persona, and by the importance placed on her body that bears the hyperbolic markers of gender and beauty. Novelistic actresses illustrate male domination and few of them are capable of autonomous action, of becoming independent “actors” of their own destinies. Novelistic writing thereby causes a “disfiguration” of the very figure that exposes the degradation behind the splendid images, or exacerbates those images in order to transform the marvel into a monster. The goal of these texts is also intermedial: the novel is intended to be compared to cinema, which recently supplanted it in its status of popular tale, by imitating its techniques but also by recounting its modes of reception through a sometimes-iconoclastic lens. This leads to a reflection on literature and on culture via the figure of the actress, an artist without her own work, sometimes a clone of the author in a game between referentiality and fiction.

In this study the theoretical notion of ekphrasis is analyzed in three novels by Nathalie Sarraute (1900-1999). Tropismes from 1939 is studied in the light of Ruth Webb’s analysis of ekphrasis as a rhetorical device used to persuade an audience in Antiquity. The study reveals several equivalents with the ancient notions of the rhetorical ekphrasis. In Entre la vie et la mort from 1968, we have found an expression of the tension described by Murray Krieger as fundamental to ekphrasis and consisting of the two opposing incentives of exhilaration and exasperation. Sarraute creates a constant textual oscillation between the two oppositional beliefs, and she leaves the question open were Krieger claims the incapacity of language. A tension continues to underlie the text in Ici from 1995. Audet and Marcotte (2012) define a tension between the one and the multiple expressed through the combination of narrative and poetic discourse. We have found an equivalent to this perspective in the theoretical framework elaborated by Tamar Yacobi, adding the concepts of narrative ekphrasis, the pictorial model and the generalized reference. The motivations and mechanisms of the generalized reference are compared to the discussion in Sarraute’s text. We find that Sarraute’s text adds several observations to the theory of Yacobi. Our conclusion is that the theoretical field of ekphrasis seems to be able to add a new dimension of observations when studying the work of Sarraute, but that more studies need to be done in order to find intersubjective affirmation considering the interpretative foundations of our method.