Denna uppsats undersöker ett filmmaterial med ett okänt ursprung, där det enda som går att klarlägga är att den är ett kompilat av filmer inspelade under åtminstone ett decennium, under 1930-talet. Utgångspunkten är att två av Sveriges ledande psykiatriker under denna tid, Bror Gadelius och Viktor Wigert, medverkade i skapandet av en del av detta kompilat på det tidigare mentalsjukhuset Konradsberg. Genom en undersökning av sjukhusets direktionsprotokoll och årsberättelser visar författaren att det kan ha presenterats i utbildande syfte. Detta material producerades då filmmediet fortfarande var förhållandevis nytt, i en tid då svensk psykiatri stod inför utmaningar att tydligt urskilja psykiska sjukdomars symtom. Det tillsammans med dess okända ursprung gör det således till ett unikt historiskt källmaterial. Författaren har utifrån ”Useful cinema”-perspektivet analyserat filmmaterialet och jämfört det med två verk av svensk psykiatris tidigare ledande gestalter. Författaren argumenterar för att det filmmaterialet vill framställa är patienternas reaktioner, vilket innebar att associationen mellan en patients reaktion och dennes psykiska symtom tydliggjordes. Därigenom uppnåddes en specificering av mentalsjukdom. Det innebär enligt författaren att ett nytt sätt att utnyttja mediet film etablerades under 1930-talet.

My thesis problematizes the simplistically and widely accepted idea of a Victorian ‘crisis of faith’ or religious ‘decline.’ Most historical and critical narratives of nineteenth-century Britain portray the Victorian Age as a period marked by a crisis of faith and a gradual secularization through (Darwinian) scientific developments. My work questions this by examining the late-Victorian novels of colonial India and the British New Woman novels. My first chapter deals with Victorian popular fiction that presents the invasion of Victorian London by colonial idols. The idols, overdetermined as both Hindu and Theosophist in inspiration, force the British legal system to recognize the limits of its own materialist perceptions of reality, so that it finally arrives at a deeper understanding of spirituality. My second chapter deals with Victorian New Woman novels where I study how the British New Woman as a literary figure, despite apparent unbelief and disempowerment, embodies a deep-seated religious power that can be assumed only by a woman and that helps challenge the assumption of declining faith. My final chapter examines the shift of scene to India, where once again the English men and women inadvertently express their fears of British secularization in the context of their encounter with Oriental faiths, but ultimately arrive at a richer appreciation of the religious ‘impossible’ through this encounter with colonial ‘otherness.’

This study was conducted to identify the nature of the content devoted to the 2008 presidential election in the editorial pages of three newspapers. The research sought to discover what percentage of the content was specific to the election, whether this election-centered content focused on the campaign or on specific issues, what issues were covered, and the role in which the author was writing. This study used a comparative quantitative content analysis to examine this content appearing during the final three months of the 2008 campaign in the Philadelphia Inquirer, the Dallas Morning News, and the San Francisco Chronicle, three major U.S. metropolitan newspapers with regional focus. The results provided insight into whether a marketplace of ideas exists in the editorial pages of the selected newspapers. Analysis of the election-related material revealed that each newspaper devoted a substantial portion of their editorial pages to the election. However, of that election-centered material, the majority was focused on the campaign, or "horse race," devoting much less to the discussion of substantive policy issues. The exception was the San Francisco Chronicle, which devoted almost 50% of its election-centered material to substantive issues. Only a handful of issues dominated the issue coverage in each newspaper: money, social issues, and defense/foreign policy. The general format for the editorial pages in each newspaper allowed for only a limited amount of diversity with the role in which an author is writing (i.e. the newspaper's own editorial writers vs. letters to the editor written by citizens). The majority of columns, the portion of the editorial pages where a diversity of authors has the potential to exist, were made up by authors identified by only a handful of roles.

No description available.

創意無所不在，而從創意的發想，透過怎麼樣的一種有效率的過程，成為有具體的結果，從成功的企業創新活動的過程裡，能夠找出一些關鍵的成功因素。而為求創新之企業，常以創造企業內組織之創新文化為目的，舉辦許多創新的活動，影響員工養成創新行為。本研究以IBM公司所舉辦的Innovation Jam創意活動為例，以個案研究的方式，針對創新流程、組織活動、知識管理三大方面，進行關鍵活動的討論。此外，依不同型態的創意活動，以三個企業/組織舉辦的創意平台活動—工研院資通所的創意競賽、Google 10100計畫、以及台灣愛普生的開放式創意市場作為比較，進一步找出以創意平台作為創意活動的成功關鍵因素，以提供未來企業要舉辦類似活動的依據。企業中推動創意活動，從討論的個案來看，以下幾個關鍵的活動是整體創意活動不可或缺的元素。 1. 清楚的目的與主題 2. 合適的參與對象 3. 主辦單位的參與 4. 交換創意的平台 5. 預計達到的成果與執行計畫 而在這些關鍵的活動中，IBM Innovation Jam比起其它的創意活動擁有的特點。而這些特點也就是在一般以企業推動創意平台時，所應該加強之處。 1. 具有資料分析的能力 2. 外部成員的邀請，擴大參與的層面 3. 活動與商業策略連結 / Finding an effective process to create ideas is a subject with highly concerned and receives more attention recently. An innovated enterprise hosts innovation events to create the culture around the organization. It affects all employees to be their behavior in the organization. The research is finding the key processes of IBM Innovation Jam by the flows of innvation, the events in the organization, and the knowledge and ideas management. In addition, other three events, ideas contest programs of Information & Communications Reserch Labortories in ITRI, Google Project 10100 , and Public Innovation Market (PIM) in Epson Taiwan, are compared to Innovation Jam, and finding the key successful factors of the events. The factors can be referred to the enterprises which host the platform of ideas creation. The following conclustions from the four case studies are the key successful factors. 1. A clear objective and subject 2. Appropriate participantors 3. Sponcors’participation 4. A platform for idea exchange 5. An expected result with the excecutive plan The strength of IBM Innovation Jam as below can be applied to other innovation events. 1. Data mining and analysis 2. External invitees to enlarge participation 3. Link with business strategy

Australia faces many challenges in a globalised and rapidly changing world. Schools are increasingly being given responsibility for ensuring the future economic, social and political wellbeing of the nation and its successful transition into the knowledge age. Teachers have the responsibility of educating their students for an as yet unknown future. To meet these complex professional challenges, teachers need to become creators rather than consumers of knowledge. Through engaging in knowledge creation work teachers can re-image their work, reconceptualising the meaning of teacher professionalism. The study explores understandings of knowledge creation that emerge from the experiences of three Queensland schools engaged in IDEAS, a process of whole-school renewal which focuses on the work of teachers. In each case, through collaborative effort, the teachers created new knowledge. How this happened, what was achieved, the dynamics of the relationship between individual and group learning, and the subsequent impact on practice varied from case to case. The nature of the knowledge created was strongly influenced by contextual factors such as the dominant organisational paradigm, socio-emotional climate, cognitive processes, leadership and organisational coherence. In each school extensive data were gathered through in-depth interviews, artefact and document collection, and participant observation, particularly of IDEAS related activities. The story of each school and its engagement with IDEAS – constructed from the accounts of the teachers – is told to provide a basis for understanding knowledge creation in each context. In the final stage of analysis, cross-case comparisons are made to provide a more generalised understanding of knowledge creation processes and the factors which impact on the nature of the knowledge produced. The findings indicate a link between the creation of knowledge in the three schools and a re-imaging of teachers’ work.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Psychology, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

<p>The objective of this essay is to approach a larger comprehension of the drama of George Bernard Shaw. The essay studies the combination of ideas and aesthetics in the play Mrs Warren’s Profession; how theatrical and mainly literary aesthetics interplay with political ideas and what the consequence of this combination is. The study illustrates that the dramatic method consists of using ideas as effective theatrical tools to move the reader/viewer by thought and not by sentiment. The study also illustrates that a key to understanding Shaw’s drama can be found in the construction of operas and symphonies; musical theoretic constructions are an integrated dramatic technique in Mrs Warren’s Profession. The study shows that it is a play with a political and social purpose; to raise awareness of the mechanisms of prostitution. The play does not use simplifications in terms of good and evil. It questions conventionality, unveils social hypocrisy and attempts to disillusion the reader/viewer. The antithesis between realism and idealism is an important source of dynamics and constitutes one of the principal aesthetical constructions.</p>

<p>The general purpose of this dissertation is to define and explore what mathematical problem solving entails. Seven criteria for rich problems will also be formulated. Rich problems are defined as problems which are especially constructed for mathematics education in a school context. The first part of the dissertation presents a sketch of what mathematical problem solving can entail in the teaching and learning process. The second part of the dissertation is a presentation and analysis of two ´rich´ problems. The analysis points out where mathematical ideas - concepts, procedures, conventions, strategies and formulae – appear in a problem solving process. The dissertation concludes with examples of the ways in which pupils and teachers together create occasions to utilize accepted mathematical ideas as well as the new range of ideas they devise in order to solve the problems. The concept of ´rich problems´ enables pupils with different mathematical backgrounds and capabilities to work with the same problem and solve it with various mathematical ideas. Research methods have included video- and audio recordings, stimulated recall with pupils and teachers, interviews and pupils drawings.</p>

<p>This thesis examines the Swedish political response to the challenges posed by gene technology, seen through the prism of governmental commissions. It discerns and analyses continuities and changes in the Swedish political conception of gene technology, over the course of two decades, 1980–2000. This is done by thematically following ideas of “risks” and “ethics” as they are represented in the inner workings and reception of three governmental commissions. The Gene-Ethics Commission (1981–1984), the Gene Technology Commission (1990–1992) and the Biotechnology Commission (1997–2000) form the empirical focal points of this analysis. The first two provided preparatory policy proposals that preceded the implementation of the Swedish gene technology laws of 1991 and 1994. The last one aimed at presenting a comprehensive Swedish biotechnology policy for the new millennium.</p><p> The study takes into account the role of governmental commissions as arenas where science and politics intersect in Swedish political life, and illuminates how this type of “boundary organisation”, placed on the border of science and politics, impinges on the understanding of the gene technology issue. The commissions have looked into the limits, dangers, possibilities and future applications of gene technology. They have been appointed to deal with the problematic task of distinguishing between what is routine and untested practices, realistic prediction and “science fiction”, what are unique problems and what are problems substantially similar to older ones, what constitutes a responsible approach as opposed to misconduct and what it means to let things “get out of hand” in contrast to being “in control”. Throughout a period of twenty years, media reports have continued to frame the challenges posed by gene technology as a task of balancing risks and benefits, walking the fine line between “frankenfoods” and “miracle drugs”. </p><p>One salient problem for the commissions to solve was that science and industry seemed to promote a technology the public opposed and resisted, at least in parts. For both politics and science to gain, or regain, public trust it needed to demonstrate that risks – be it environmental, ethical or health related ones – were under control. Under the surface, it was much more complicated than “science helping politics” to make informed and rational decisions on how to formulate a regulatory policy. Could experts be trusted to participate in policy-making in a neutral way and was it not important, in accordance with democratic norms, to involve the public? </p>