The purpose of this study was to determine if participation in a supermarket tour improves nutrition knowledge and eating behavior in adult participants. Participants were recruited in communities surrounding Food City stores, a local supermarket. Prior to completing a standardized tour, participants completed a survey to assess nutrition knowledge and eating behavior. This survey was given to participants again three months later. A program evaluation was given one time at the end of the tour. Data analysis revealed no significant findings, other than the behavior-based question: “How many meals or snacks on most days included vegetables”. Vegetable consumption appeared to decrease. All participants who completed the program evaluation reported they learned something new as a result of the tour and were satisfied with the experience. These findings suggest that nutrition education provided in supermarkets is well-received by participants, but additional research with objective measures is needed.

In earth observation and climatological sciences, data and their data services grow on a daily basis in a large spatial extent due to the high coverage rate of satellite sensors, model calculations, but also by continuous meteorological in situ observations. In order to reuse such data, especially data fragments as well as their data services in a collaborative and reproducible manner by citing the origin source, data analysts, e.g., researchers or impact modelers, need a possibility to identify the exact version, precise time information, parameter, and names of the dataset used. A manual process would make the citation of data fragments as a subset of an entire dataset rather complex and imprecise to obtain. Data in climate research are in most cases multidimensional, structured grid data that can change partially over time. The citation of such evolving content requires the approach of "dynamic data citation". The applied approach is based on associating queries with persistent identifiers. These queries contain the subsetting parameters, e.g., the spatial coordinates of the desired study area or the time frame with a start and end date, which are automatically included in the metadata of the newly generated subset and thus represent the information about the data history, the data provenance, which has to be established in data repository ecosystems. The Research Data Alliance Data Citation Working Group (RDA Data Citation WG) summarized the scientific status quo as well as the state of the art from existing citation and data management concepts and developed the scalable dynamic data citation methodology of evolving data. The Data Centre at the Climate Change Centre Austria (CCCA) has implemented the given recommendations and offers since 2017 an operational service on dynamic data citation on climate scenario data. With the consciousness that the objective of this topic brings a lot of dependencies on bibliographic citation research which is still under discussion, the CCCA service on Dynamic Data Citation focused on the climate domain specific issues, like characteristics of data, formats, software environment, and usage behavior. The current effort beyond spreading made experiences will be the scalability of the implementation, e.g., towards the potential of an Open Data Cube solution.

The evolving concept of Ephemeral State Processing (ESP) is overviewed. ESP allows development of new scalable end-to-end network user services. An evolving macro-level language is being developed to support ESP at the network node level. Three approaches for implementing ESP services at network routers can be considered. One approach is to use the existing processing capability within commercially available network routers. Another approach is to add a small scale existing ASIC based general-purpose processor to an existing network router. This thesis research concentrates on a third approach of developing a special-purpose programmable Ephemeral State Processor (ESPR) Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) and implementing microarchitecture for deployment within each ESP-capable node to implement ESP service within that node. A unique architectural characteristic of the ESPR is its scalable and temporal Ephemeral State Store (ESS) associative memory, required by the ESP service for storage/retrieval of bounded (short) lifetime ephemeral (tag, value) pairs of application data. The ESPR will be implemented to Programmable Logic Device (PLD) technology within a network node. This offers advantages of reconfigurability, in-field upgrade capability and supports the evolving growth of ESP services. Correct functional and performance operation of the presented ESPR microarchitecture is validated via Hardware Description Language (HDL) post-implementation (virtual prototype) simulation testing. Suggestions of future research related to improving the performance of the ESPR rnicroarchitecture and experimental deployment of ESP are discussed.

由於百貨業競爭激烈，若要避免價格競爭，唯有選擇合適的目標市場及定位、提供滿足消費者需求之服務，才能有效地發展其經營特色。隨著目前賣場朝專門化及大型化兩種趨勢的發展，使得經營技術複雜性及風險皆增加。為了要達到經營技術方面的進步，國內業者由民國七十四年後相繼自國外引進經營技術來提昇公司內部的技術水準的方式，對整體百貨業的生態帶來衝擊，亦使得各百貨公司對經營技術的重視與日俱增。 　　基於以上的背景，本研究的主要動機，即在就「百貨公司經營技術移轉」之課題，在國內進行觀察與分析，以增進在該產業技術移轉過程與行為的瞭解，並在業者移轉技術之後，評估技術移轉後的績效，以提供相關經驗予其它服務業或零售業技術移轉的參考。 　　本研究希望能就百貨公司在經營技術引進的課題上加以探討，並期能達到下列目的： 　　1. 探討百貨公司引進國外經營技術之前，所考慮的策略因素。 　　2. 探討百貨公司至國外引進經營技術時，所引進的內容、採行的過程、方法及相關的步驟等。 　　3. 探討技術移轉在實際運作上所遭遇的衝突與困難，並觀察百貨公司在移轉過程中及移轉後的調整與適應。 　　4. 探討技術移轉的技術績效之評估。 　　另外，並期望能由所蒐集之資料加以分析，以嘗試歸納百貨公司所合適之技術移轉模式的選擇方式。 　　本研究將對個案公司技術移轉之過程所做的整體性探討，及命題之推論，歸納為以下之結論： 　　1. 技術接受者在引進國外經營技術之前主要考量的策略因素為加強業種及商品規劃能力、提高服務品質、提高坪效及營業額、改進管理制度、建築設計及賣場規劃技術。而新進入者較重視快速進入以達到多角化目的之策略考量。 　　2. 技術提供者所引進之技術內容主要為經營理念、管理制度、目標市場選擇與定位、動線及賣場規劃設計、業種及商品規劃、服務品質管理、存貨與採購作業等等。 　　3. 在經營技術知識之傳遞方面，主要傳遞模式為以直接參與管理為主者，多輔以國外之實地參觀或實習來傳遞。而傳遞模式非以直接參與管理之個案，主要以顧問之諮詢或給意見及國外實地參觀或實習來達成。 　　4. 技術移轉在實際運作所遭遇之衝突與困難包含市場面及組織面。市場面指本土市場之經營特性及消費者特性，其調整適應方式為加強服務品質及市場定位，並順應消費者偏好及特性。組織面為語言文化及組織文化之衝突，調整適應方式為加強溝通、尊重並聘請翻譯或鼓勵學習對方語言及文化。 　　5. 技術移轉之績效表現與合作模式之選擇有關；而合作模式則主要由技術差距及技術提供者經營涉入程度來決定。 　　6. 技術移轉方式及進行過程中，技術移轉績效與派駐人員及直接參與協助程度（包括駐派人數、人員條件及時間長短）呈正相關。 　　7. 技術移轉績效與技術移轉內容之完整性（即是否包括一般管理、行銷定位、前後場管理及資源系統等等）呈正相關。 　　8. 技術移轉後組織內之技術品質的維持與技術移轉之長期績效有關；對技術移轉後技術品質之維持，可由技術提供者人員的長期派駐、文件的保留及公司內部制度化等方式來達成。

現今的零售市場日趨多樣化與細密分割、消費者資訊超載的情況嚴重，傳統行銷溝通工具的效果已不復以往。體驗經濟的倡導者Gilmore and Pine(2008)認為，相對於廣告所創造的虛假體驗，營造引人入勝的消費場所，是當今企業展現真實體驗、促發消費慾望的重要手段。而旗艦店，儼然成為當今企業創造獨特品牌體驗的重要策略，形成一種跨國界、跨產業的趨勢。 過去旗艦店研究多以企業經營的立場，就成本、獲利等傳統管理觀點，探討旗艦店的設立對企業端的影響。較少從消費者體驗的觀點，瞭解旗艦店的品牌性功能，也少有研究試圖從體驗行銷的面向來分析旗艦店。因此，本研究則試圖從消費者的觀點出發，藉由探討旗艦店與其他商店型態間的差異之所在。本研究選擇以Apple與SONY兩大3C品牌做為研究對象，檢視台灣現有3C品牌旗艦店在消費體驗上的優勢與影響，並進一步探究旗艦店體驗行銷優勢對品牌關係品質的影響效果。 本研究的主要目的有三：(1) 釐清旗艦店的本質；(2) 探討旗艦店與非旗艦店在體驗行銷構面上的差異；以及(3) 探討旗艦店與非旗艦店的體驗行銷差異，是否對品牌關係品質造成影響。 研究結果發現，雖然學術界企圖對旗艦店概念提出完整明確的界定，但是實務層面，旗艦店仍舊是以企業主觀認定為準，無論在形貌或規模上皆存在差異，因此難以在消費者心中形成具體的想像，與學術研究中的定義也有若干程度的落差。而針對兩個案品牌旗艦店(Studio A生活體驗旗艦店、SONY 101旗艦店)體驗行銷的檢證，則顯示兩個案旗艦店無論在體驗媒介或體驗形式構面，都未達到過去研究所指陳的絕對性優勢，尤其與同等級門市的差異性過小，無法呈現所謂的旗艦特性。然而，本研究亦發現，商店體驗行銷確實會對品牌關係品質造成正向影響，因此本研究認為，無論是否掛上旗艦店的招牌，優化商店元素(空間、商品、服務)、強化體驗感受，絕對是企業提升品牌關係時的重要策略。

The broad objective of this study is to examine how assortment factors and category performance are related within the context of specialty retailing. This study formulates two clusters of research questions. The first cluster of research questions focuses on product assortment in general, for example assortment variety and composition. The second cluster of research questions concentrates on a specific area of product assortment, that is, private label products. An organic retailer in Australia collaborates by providing its assortment records and sales reports. The Australian organic retailing industry is an ideal candidate for this study for 1) it is specialty retailing, and 2) the supply situation allows organic retailers considerable flexibility to experiment with different assortment compositions. This study analyses store level cross sub category data and, to supplement this, it conducts a qualitative study and collects field data. Included in the cross sub category analyses are approximately 140 to 180 organic sub categories. The results show that assortment variety has a positive influence on sub category sales. The strength of this positive relationship varies across different sub category types, for example food or non-food. For the private label analyses, the results show that, within the focal store, private label SKUs are more likely to be present in sub categories with larger sales and with supermarket competition present. This study also finds that a deeper manufacturer brand assortment hurts private label performance. This study contributes to a body of cross category empirical generalisations about the complex decisions retailers face by examining the effects of assortment decisions within the context of specialty retailing. It provides some clear empirical evidence for how assortment factors and sub category performance are related through an empirical investigation in a bricks and mortar retail environment. In addition, it tests the generalisability of extant private label research beyond the much discussed conventional supermarket industry and convenience consumer goods contexts. Keywords: assortment, private label, store brand, specialty retailing, cross category, sub category, empirical investigation, organic retailing, Australia

Le but de cette these est d'etudier les schemas de communications les plus utilises, et plus particulierement la diffusion, pour en proposer des implementations efficaces sur des machines paralleles. Dans une premiere partie nous presentons les principales machines paralleles et les differents modes de communication mis en oeuvre dans ces machines. Cette partie illustre le probleme du choix du reseau d'interconnexion pour assembler les processeurs des ordinateurs massivement paralleles. La deuxieme partie est consacree a l'etude des schemas de communications globales dans les grilles toriques en mode store and forward. Dans un premier temps, on presente une nouvelle famille d'arbres de recouvrement disjoints de profondeur minimale, permettant de realiser la diffusion pipeline en temps optimal. Dans un deuxieme temps, on presente l'utilisation d'autres outils tels que les chemins hamiltoniens pour realiser l'echange total. Sur ce dernier type de communication, une etude en mode wormhole est presentee. L'algorithme est inspire du decoupage recursif de la grille torique. Il permet d'obtenir un nombre d'etapes plus faible qu'avec les algorithmes traditionnels en store and forward. Des resultats experimentaux sur machine MegaNode a 128 Transputers, permettent de valider notre etude theorique en mode store and forward. La troisieme partie est consacree a l'etude du recouvrement des communications par des calculs. L'idee consiste a anticiper les communications, en pipelinant l'envoi de petits messages. Mais la taille des messages a envoyer n'est pas facile a calculer. Nous illustrons ce probleme sur l'exemple du produit matrice-vecteur.

<p>The aim of this paper is to define the perceived consumer values that physical record stores create in order to compete with other distribution technologies. A qualitative method has been used, based on interviews with managers of three records stores in Stockholm. Interviews with their customers have been conducted also. The content has been analyzed with passable theories and the two sources have been compared when adequate.The conclusion of the study is that the physical record stores create many different consumer values, and that many of these are hard to transfer to other distribution technologies. One of the most important values for the consumer is that the personnel have a broad knowledge about music. Other notable values are the emotional feelings of searching for something and the atmosphere the record store creates. A pattern that is visible is that the niche record stores create more consumer values then the commercial record store. The conclusions indicate that there are opportunities for niche physical record stores and that the future for the record stores is not as bleak as may be perceived.</p>

<p>Denna uppsats syfte är att ta reda på om euron är en internationell valuta och om</p><p>euron kan konkurrera med dollarn om titeln som världens ledande valuta. Teori om</p><p>valutamarknaden, en valutas uppgifter och vad som avgör vilken valuta som används</p><p>internationellt behandlas och för att kunna svara på uppsatsens frågeställningar (syfte)</p><p>redogörs siffror på eurons internationella användning. Sådana siffror visar att euron är</p><p>en internationell valuta då den används i valutans funktioner internationellt, men att</p><p>dollarn fortfarande är den världsledande valutan utan att vara särsklit hotad i sin</p><p>ställning av euron.</p>

The aim of this paper is to define the perceived consumer values that physical record stores create in order to compete with other distribution technologies. A qualitative method has been used, based on interviews with managers of three records stores in Stockholm. Interviews with their customers have been conducted also. The content has been analyzed with passable theories and the two sources have been compared when adequate.The conclusion of the study is that the physical record stores create many different consumer values, and that many of these are hard to transfer to other distribution technologies. One of the most important values for the consumer is that the personnel have a broad knowledge about music. Other notable values are the emotional feelings of searching for something and the atmosphere the record store creates. A pattern that is visible is that the niche record stores create more consumer values then the commercial record store. The conclusions indicate that there are opportunities for niche physical record stores and that the future for the record stores is not as bleak as may be perceived.