A informação vem sendo apontada como a base da competitividade. A maior parte das pesquisas, no entanto, têm focado em estudar o impacto dos recursos eminentemente tecnológicos. Com as transformações no fluxo informacional, desenvolver novas capacidades é apontado como um imperativo competitivo para as organizações. Mais do que a análise dos recursos isoladamente, a análise das capacidades enquanto um conjunto de habilidades para ganhar, integrar e gerir recursos vem ganhando um papel importante na área de SI. As capacidades são particularmente úteis para as organizações em ambientes que mudam rapidamente. Considerando essa oportunidade de pesquisa, avaliou-se relevante analisar, nesse trabalho, a influência da Capacidade de Gestão da Informação (CGI) na Vantagem Competitiva da firma. Nesse sentido, estendeu-se o conceito de CGI para o conjunto de habilidades da firma para acessar dados e informações dos ambientes interno e externo, assim como mapear e distribuir essas informações para que possam ser processadas, permitindo o ajuste organizacional para responder às necessidades e direções do mercado. Para que CGI possa se configurar em uma importante fonte de vantagem competitiva para as organizações no atual contexto informacional, a literatura indica que é necessária uma complexa articulação com outras capacidades organizacionais. Valendo-se da perspectiva teórica das Capacidades Dinâmicas (CD), esse trabalho propôs modelo pelo qual a CGI articula-se com outras capacidades (nomeadamente Capacidade de Integração de SI, Flexibilidade, Capacidade de Reconfiguração e Agilidade) que intermediam o impacto da CGI enquanto fonte de VCS. Esse modelo, baseado na literatura existente, foi avaliado em uma perspectiva de Métodos Mistos, preliminarmente - em uma etapa qualitativa exploratória -, por quatro CIOs de companhias identificadas pelo uso extensivo de informação em suas operações e reconhecidas pela excelência na gestão desse uso. Após esse refinamento, a pesquisa foi realizada por meio de dois métodos. A análise das relações entre as variáveis propostas na pesquisa foi realizada, primeiramente, a partir de um estudo de casos múltiplos de natureza explanatória, realizado em três organizações líderes nacionais em seus segmentos de mercado (uma cooperativa de crédito, uma rede de varejo de moda e uma indústria de móveis planejados). A essa etapa, seguiu-se uma Survey com 180 gestores de TI e não-TI, pela qual foi possível quantificar a influência do caminho proposto da CGI até a VCS. A etapa quantitativa foi efetuada utilizando-se da análise de modelagem de equações estruturais baseada em Partial Least Square-Path Modeling (PLS-SEM). Os resultados foram analisados separadamente em cada etapa (Estudos de Casos Múltiplos e levantamento Survey), e a discussão, realizada por abordagem conjunta de métodos mistos com propósito de corroboração e confirmação integrada. Os resultados demonstram que a CGI influencia a VCS principalmente de forma indireta, mediada por outras capacidades organizacionais. Mais especificamente, a análise aponta para dois caminhos partindo da complementaridade da CGI com as capacidades de integração de SI. No mais consistente deles, o caminho que se origina na CGI é mediado pela Capacidade de Integração Interna de SI, Flexibilidade e Agilidade para influenciar positivamente a VCS. O caminho mediado pela integração externa vale-se da Capacidade de Reconfiguração ao invés da Flexibilidade. Dentre as implicações acadêmicas a pesquisa estão a extensão do conceito de CGI a partir das pesquisas estratégicas e a evidenciação da influência dessa capacidade na variável dependente natural das capacidades, a VCS. Como implicação gerencial, apresentou-se dois caminhos pelo qual o desenvolvimento de habilidade para o gerenciamento da informação pode levar a VCS. A indicação desses caminhos atende a uma lacuna do mercado que estima que 85% das organizações ainda não foram capazes de extrair diferenciação estratégica dos novos dados disponíveis. / Information has been indicated as the basis of competitiveness. Most research, however, has focused on studying the impact of eminently technological resources. With transformations in informational flow, developing new capabilities is indicated as a competitive imperative for organizations. More so than the isolated analyses of resources, analysis of capabilities as a set of abilities to gain, integrate, and manage resources has been acquiring an important role in the area of IS. Capabilities are particularly useful for organizations in environments that change rapidly. Considering this research opportunity, it was deemed relevant to analyze, in this work, the influence of Information Management Capability (IMC) on the firm’s Sustained Competitive Advantage (SCA). In this sense, the concept of IMC was extended to the firm’s set of abilities to access data and information from internal and external environments as well as to map and distribute this information for processing, thereby permitting organizational adjustment to respond to market needs and directions. For IMC to configure into an important source of competitive advantage for organizations in the current informational context, the literature recommends that a complex articulation with other organizational capabilities is necessary. With the theoretical perspective of Dynamic Capabilities (DC), this work proposes a model in which IMC articulates with other capabilities (namely IS Integration Capability, Flexibility, Reconfiguration Capability, and Agility), which intermediates the impact of IMC as a source of SCA. This model, based on the existing literature, was evaluated by a Mix Methods approach, preliminarily – in an exploratory qualitative stage – by four CIOs from companies identified by their extensive use of information in their operations and recognized for excellence in the management of this use. After this refinement, research was conducted through two methods. Analysis of the relations among the proposed variables in the research was made, firstly, from a multiple-case study of an explanatory nature, at three organizations, national leaders in their market segments (a credit union, a fashion retail chain, and an industry of custom furniture). In this stage, a survey of 180 IT and non-IT managers was conducted, from which it was possible to quantify the influence of the proposed path of IMC to SCA. The quantitative stage was executed by utilizing structural equation modeling analysis based on Partial Least Square-Path Modeling. The results were analyzed separately in each stage (Multiple-Case Study and Survey), and the discussion was made through a joint approach of mixed methods with the purpose of integrated corroboration and confirmation. The results demonstrate that IMC influence SCA mainly in an indirect way, mediated by other organizational capabilities. More specifically, the analysis points to two paths coming from the complementarity of IMC with IS integration capabilities. In the more consistent of the two, the path that originates from IMC is mediated by IS Internal Integration Capability, Flexibility, and Agility to positively influence SCA. The path mediated by external integration makes use of the Reconfiguration Capability instead of Flexibility.

Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa e descritiva, tendo por objetivo mapear os processos de geração e uso de informações clínicas no contexto da Radiologia Médica, utilizando como referência o Ciclo Informacional estudado na Ciência da Informação, visando a identificar metadados que possam ser empregados em arquivos didáticos para uso em práticas de ensino em Radiologia. A metodologia é dividida em quatro etapas: 1) estudo do ciclo informacional, com o intuito de conhecer propostas de autores que sistematizam os processos de geração e uso da informação; 2) descrição do fluxo de trabalho de um departamento de Radiologia Médica - IHE -, para identificar os diferentes atores nesse ambiente; 3) análise dos processos do ciclo informacional no fluxo de trabalho de um departamento de Radiologia Médica, para entender o processo de geração e uso de informações na área; e 4) análise comparativa entre os metadados indicados para o fluxo de trabalho de um departamento de Radiologia Médica - DICOM - e os metadados utilizados nas bases de imagens médicas MyPACs e Auntminnie, a fim de levantar um conjunto de informações da prática clínica para uso em arquivos didáticos. Ao estudar o fluxo de trabalho de um departamento de Radiologia foram mapeadas as informações geradas e utilizadas em cada etapa, resultando na identificação de um conjunto de metadados advindos da prática clínica, que podem ser utilizados na criação de arquivos didáticos. Neste trabalho, conclui-se que estudar os processos de geração e uso de informações clínicas, em conjunto com outros temas, pode ajudar a pensar em metodologias para organização da informação, com a finalidade de viabilizar a recuperação de informação entre aplicações que possam ser utilizadas em contextos diversos no ambiente da Radiologia Médica. / This qualitative and descriptive research aimed to map the processes related to generation and use of clinical information in Medical Radiology. In order to identify metadata for creating Radiology teaching files, the Information Cycle - adopted by Information Science - has been used such as a theoretical reference. The methodological approach was divided into four steps: 1) aiming to know approaches proposed by authors who systematize the processes related to information\'s generation and use, the information cycle was investigated; 2) by systematizing the workflow found in a Radiology Department (by using IHE\'s documents), regular users present in this environment were identified; 3) based on Medical Radiology\'s workflow and aiming to understand the information\'s generation and use processes, the steps part of the information cycle were studied; and 4) comparative analysis using metadata part of Radiology Department\'s workflow (based on DICOM standard documentation) and metadata used in the MyPACs and Auntminnie medical image databases, such analysis was done in order to select a set of information from clinical practice which may be used in teaching files\' creation. When the Radiology\'s workflow was studied, the information generated and used in each step was identified. As a result, groups of metadata from the clinical practice were identified and such metadata may be used aiming to create teaching file. In this work, we have concluded that by investigating processes related to clinical information generation and use, combined with other themes, may help to think about information organization\'s methodologies. This offers means to retrieve information from various clinical systems and the retrieved information can be used in different Radiology contexts.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:36:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WAGNER JOSE DE MELLO.pdf: 791013 bytes, checksum: 1d6e3cd2f31b2c3b780eae68444c5a59 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-12 / The main Marketing concepts were established in the last decades of the 20th century and need to be revised due to the new information technologies and communications. The modern manager and also the management process have been submitted to an evolution within the decision process that is becoming more complex and present in the uncertainness environment. The high education market has grown, becoming more competitive and the perspective is a higher expansion within new regions and public. The profile of the university public has also changed significantly. The perception of how management information, through Information Science, and competitive intelligence is important and the effervescent scenario demand a new paradigm towards the building of strong and reliable brands in the education segment. Recent pool does a critical analysis of the marketing information system model, proposed by Kotler, and proposes a new development using a competitive intelligence tool within the management process, and by this transforming in a new method, in order to facilitate the understanding of the concepts presented. All this to introduce a development model of strategic campaigns from the superior educational institutes, mentioned from the Management Information and Competitive Intelligence. / Os principais conceitos de Marketing foram desenvolvidos nas ?ltimas d?cadas do s?culo XX e necessitam de uma revis?o frente ?s novas tecnologias de informa??o e comunica??o. O gestor moderno e processo gerencial tamb?m evolu?ram para um processo de tomada de decis?es cada vez mais complexo e inserido num ambiente de incertezas. O setor de Educa??o Superior ampliou-se, tornou-se mais competitivo e tende a continuar sua expans?o junto a novos p?blicos e regi?es. O perfil do p?blico universit?rio tamb?m se alterou significativamente. A percep??o, cada vez maior, da import?ncia da Ci?ncia da Informa??o e da Intelig?ncia Competitiva e este cen?rio efervescente exigem novos paradigmas para a cria??o de marcas fortes e confi?veis no setor educacional. A presente pesquisa faz uma an?lise cr?tica do modelo de Sistema de Informa??o de Marketing, proposto por KOTLER, e prop?e o seu desenvolvimento por meio da ado??o de ferramentas de Intelig?ncia Competitiva no processo gerencial, transformando-o em Sistema de Intelig?ncia de Marketing, visando ? obten??o de vantagens estrat?gicas e operacionais no processo de cria??o e desenvolvimento da imagem institucional. Como proposta, para facilitar o entendimento dos conceitos apresentados, prop?e-se um modelo de desenvolvimento de campanhas estrat?gicas de marca para Institui??es de Ensino Superior, orientado pela Gest?o da Informa??o e pela Intelig?ncia Competitiva.

Cloud computing provides an answer to the increasing costs of managing information technology (IT), and has become a model that aligns IT services with an organization's business strategies. However, concerns and uncertainties associated with cloud computing are deterring IT decision makers from making sound decisions regarding the adoption of the technology. The purpose of this online survey study was to examine the relationship between relative advantage, compatibility, organizational size, top management support, organizational readiness, mimetic pressure, normative pressures, coercive pressure, and the IT decision makers' intent to adopt cloud computing. The theoretical framework incorporated the diffusion of innovations theory, a technology-organization-environment framework, and institutional theory. The survey participants were 136 IT decision makers from different U.S. industries. The Pearson's coefficient analysis indicated a significant correlation between the dependent variable (intent to adopt) and all independent variables except organizational size. The regression model was a statistically significant predictor of the dependent variable and accounted for approximately 74% of the variance in the dependent variable, primarily predicted by top management support, normative pressure, relative advantage, and organization readiness. The implications for positive social change include the potential of implementing innovations that would augment technology efficiency, decrease workplace personnel issues, and create a more desirable and flexible workplace. Flexibility at work enables employees to be able to participate in other nonwork roles such as family, child, and elder care, or education.

Rising health care costs place increased burden on patients, health care personnel, administrators and policymakers. Decisions in health care are influenced by data which can be transferred into valuable information and knowledge. Data sets that facilitate data collection, information management and knowledge building are needed by nurse managers to support administrative decision- making. The Nursing Management Minimum Data Set (NMMDS,,¦) offers a standardized method to capture core data that can be collected in information systems, shared and reused for multiple purposes to support safe and cost-effective care. The purpose of this descriptive study was to adapt to Iceland and clinically test the NMMDS-ICE in all adult inpatient care units in the country of Iceland (excluding psychiatry). The aims of the study were to 1) translate the NMMDS from source language (English) to target language (Icelandic); 2) to validate the translated instrument; and 3) to describe the environment, nursing care resources, and financial resources across acute adult inpatient care units in Iceland. Instrument development consisted of translation, expert validation, and psychometric testing. The target population was all adult acute care units in hospitals in Iceland, and the nurse managers (n=38) representing these units. Data collection included a mailed survey. The sample equaled the population. Furthermore, 134 staff nurses on these units (excluding staff nurses at Landspitali) completed a job satisfaction survey. Return rate was 74% for nurse managers and 71% for staff nurses. Semantic and content equivalence of the NMMDS-ICE was established. Five of seven subscales of the instrument received Cronbach¡¦s alpha score of 0.70 or higher. Results indicated that it was feasible to collect the NMMDS-ICE in hospitals in Iceland, albeit, there was an issue with time commitment to do so. The specialty services that best described the patient population were medical-, surgical services, birthing, and geriatrics. Furthermore, nurse managers seem to perceive good control on their units, and both nurse managers and staff nurses are satisfied with their job. A positive correlation was found between autonomy and satisfaction with nursing management, nursing administration, and own level of autonomy. Statistical differences were identified in environmental and staffing resources between hospitals.

There is a growing body of literature which discusses the importance of systems of innovation (SOI) to modern economies. Systems which are innovative are characterised by organisations and institutions which identify weaknesses in current technologies, pursue new ideas through research and development, develop and produce technological innovations, and apply or distribute these for the collective benefit of the system. The literature suggests a number of structures which contribute to fostering systems of innovation. Efficiency in the production and exchange of knowledge is one of these.Tourism has been described as an economic system and recent public policy has recognised the importance of the production and exchange of knowledge for innovation in tourism. The distribution (or presentation) of secondary information resources (also referred to as “commodities”) has received particular attention from policy makers. The totality of information resources which is presented to information marketplaces at a point in time can be described as the information stock. Past commentary on the stock of tourism information in Australia indicates that inefficiencies may exist in the presentation and exchange of these resources in the marketplace.This research proposes a model of the marketplace for the exchange of tourism information commodities, the Tourism Information Commodity Marketplace (TICM). The model is applied to testing and identifying weakness in current production and exchange processes in Australia. In the research, the stock which is presented to the market is located, identified, catalogued and tested against the model to identify whether there are marketplace inefficiencies in the form of leakages. Leakages are the costs which tourism firms and organisations face as they try to address information needs by procuring and applying secondary information commodities.The research shows that a proportion of the presented stock can be moved efficiently from suppliers to consumers and is capable of meeting information needs of consumers at a point in time. However, a range of presentation and demand-side issues are identified which reduce the potential for knowledge-based innovation in tourism systems. These relate to language, access, availability, reliability, validity and coverage aspects which are associated with the stock and demand-side characteristics.The implications of this research for policy makers and suppliers of tourism information commodities are that dissemination weaknesses, in particular, must be addressed for the contribution of secondary information resources to innovation in tourism to be fully realised. For informatics researchers, the TICM is a valuable and adaptable tool for depicting and assessing marketplace dynamics where information is the commodity for exchange. It augments the understanding of the innovative potential of tourism stocks for systems of innovation as well as identifying potential barriers.

Personal document management is the activity of managing a collection of digital documents performed by the owner of the documents, and consists of creation/acquisition, organisation, finding and maintenance. Document management is a pervasive aspect of digital work, but has received relatively little attention from researchers. The hierarchical file system used by most people to manage their documents has not conceptually changed in decades. Although revolutionary prototypes have been developed, these have not been grounded in a thorough understanding of document management behaviour and therefore have not resulted in significant changes to document management interfaces. Improvements in understanding document management can result in productivity gains for knowledge workers, and since document management is such a common activity, small improvements can deliver large gains. The aim of this research was to understand how people manage their personal document collections and to develop guidelines for the development of tools to support personal document management. A field study was conducted that included interviews, a survey and file system snapshot. The interviews were conducted with ten participants to investigate their document management strategies, structures and struggles. In addition to qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews, a novel investigation technique was developed in the form of a file system snapshot which collects information about document structures and derives a number of metrics which describe the document structure. A survey was also conducted, consisting of a questionnaire and a file system snapshot, which enabled the findings of the field study to be validated, and to collect information from a greater number of participants. The results of this research culminated in (1) development of a conceptual framework highlighting the key personal document management attitudes, behaviours and concerns; (2) model of basic operations that any document management system needs to provide; (3) identification of piling, filing and structuring as three key document management strategies; (4) guidelines for the development of user interfaces to support document management, including specific guidelines for each document management strategy. These contributions both improve knowledge of personal document management on which future research can build, and provide practical advice to document management system designers which should result in the development of more usable system.

<p>När en kassaflödesvärdering genomförs prognostiseras företagets värde genom att summera framtida kassaflöden och diskontera dem med företagets kapitalkostnad. På grund av att prognostiserade kassaflöden är uppskattningar inför framtiden karaktäriseras en värdering alltid av hög osäkerhet. Till underlag för prognoserna används en omfattande mängd information. För att ett tillförlitligt värde ska kunna beräknas är det viktigt att relevant och pålitlig information samlas in och hanteras på ett effektivt sätt. I dagsläget är det problematiskt att hantera omfattande mängder information och ett tillräckligt datorstöd saknas. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att konstruera ett förslag till en databas till stöd för informationshantering vid kassaflödesvärdering.</p><p>Uppsatsen är skriven utifrån en kvalitativ metod. En omfattande referensram presenteras till syfte att ge läsaren möjlighat att bekanta sig med både kassaflödesvärderingar och databaser. Vidare används ett fallföretag för att exemplifiera hur en kassaflödesvärdering går till, vad den kännetecknar och vilka informationshanteringsbehov som föreligger.</p><p>Uppsatsens resultat består av en konceptuell samt en logisk och fysisk databasmodell utvecklad i Microsoft Access. Den logiska och fysiska databasmodellen består av 20 tabeller där relationerna sammankopplar olika faktorer som påverkar företagets kassaflöde. Möjligheter som databasen ger upphov till är bland annat en förenklad härledning av företagets prognostiserade värde. Vidare kan en större mängd information lagras och hanteras i samband med värderingen. En databas kan också skapa en högre grad av flexibilitet och möjlighat att anpassa värderingen till företagets specifika dynamik. Det finns också möjlighet att lättare identifiera företagets risker och hur riskerna påverkar kassaflödena. Tänkbara problem med databasen är risk för lagring av irrelevant information och att det kan vara problematiskt att påvisa en tillräcklig validitet för databasen.</p><p>I uppsatsen argumenteras också för att det finns möjlighet att även använda den föreslagna databasen vid kassaflödesvärdering av andra företag. Det är dock viktigt att påpeka att flera attribut i den föreslagna databasen är specifika för fallföretaget och kan bli irrelevanta för andra företag.</p> / <p>When a discounted cash flow valuation is performed, the value of the asset is determined by summarising the predicted cash flows and discounting them with the cost of capital. Due to the fact that the future cash flows are predictions, a valuation is always affected by uncertainty. In order to improve the accuracy of the predictions, an extensive amount of information is used. To be successful, it is important to collect reliable and relevant information and manage the information in an efficient way. At present it is difficult to gather and manage information and sufficient computer aid is missing. The purpose of this master thesis is to construct a proposal for a database to support information management for discounted cash flow valuation of corporations. The thesis is conducted with a qualitative research method. An extensive frame of reference is presented in order to give the reader the possibility to get to know both databases and cash flow valuations.</p><p>The result of the study is a conceptual model as well as a logical and physical database model. The proposed database consists of 20 tables where the database relationships connect the value creating factors of the corporation. Possible positive effects of the database are simplified deriving of the corporate value and capacity to store and manage greater amounts of information in a logical manner. The database can also improve the flexibility and adjust the valuation to the dynamic nature of the corporation. Furthermore, the identification of risks and risk factors can be improved. A potential problem with the database is the risk of storing irrelevant information. It can also be difficult to prove a sufficient validity for the database since no user valuation has been carried out.</p><p>In the thesis, the author also argues that the database can be utilised for discounted cash flow valuation of any corporation. However, some tables, attributes and relationships need to be changed and adjusted to the specific nature of the corporation.</p>

<p>Idag har de flesta företag och organisationer någon form för intranät-lösning. Dessa lösningar kan vara både mer och mindre sofistikerade, men har oftast det samma syfte; att distribuera organisationens information till dess medlemmar.</p><p>Denna uppsats ägnar sig åt intranät och fördjupar sig i ett begrepp som vuxit starkt de senaste åren, nämligen Content Management System (CMS). Jag fokuserar särskilt på val av Open Source CMS, för implementation i mindre organisationers intranät.</p><p>Uppsatsen är ett resultat av omfattande litteraturstudier inom sitt område och bygger främst på vetenskapliga artiklar av ledande experter. Ytterligare en källa är resultatet av en enkätundersökning, som också redovisas i uppsatsen. Denna enkät hade som ändamål, att kartlägga användares attityder till deras CMS-intranät.</p><p>Uppsatsens kanske viktigaste resultat är en redogörelse för hur ett moduliserad CMS-intranät skulle kunna utformas, baserad på bl.a. Knowledge Management-teori, där tyngdpunkten ligger på de personliga referensernas betydelse för en människas tolkning av sin omgivning, och logisk kategorisering av information.</p> / <p>Today, most companies and organizations have some kind of intranet solution. These system solutions vary and tend to be either more or less sophisticated, but the overall purpose remains the same; distributing the organizations information to its members.</p><p>This essay is about intranet-development, and mainly devoted to explore a concept which has grown rapidly in recent years; Content Management System (CMS). I’m particular focusing on how to choose a suitable Open Source CMS, for implementation in a small organizations intranet.</p><p>The essay is the result of vast literature studies, mainly based on scientific articles from leading experts within their field. In addition I have also carried out a survey in a company intranet, in order to investigate the users’ attitude towards their CMS-intranet.</p><p>One of the most important results of the essay is my model of a modularized CMS-intranet, partially based on Knowledge Management-theory and the importance of appropriate references in order to interpret our surroundings, and logical categorization of information.</p>

Bakgrunden till studien, som inleddes 1991, var en bild av en alltför lång ledtid för ekonomisk information till ledningspersoner i svenska storföretag. Detta gällde speciellt med hänsyn till vad som var tekniskt möjligt att åstadkomma. Resultaten bekräftar i princip denna bild, men de identifierade orsakerna är långt ifrån bara tekniska. Studien kartlägger faktorer som påverkar ledtiden för månatliga ekonomiska rapporter och diskuterar betydelsen av ekonomiska rapporter i svenska storföretag. Dessutom beskrivs storföretagens rutiner vid framställningen av rapporterna, t ex vad som rapporteras och när det sker. Till detta kommer ledningens åsikter om ledtiderna. Studien baseras på intervjuer med representanter för styrelse, ledningspersoner, koncernstab, fristående och en enkätundersökning till Sveriges 200 största företag. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan