This thesis is guided primarily by concepts associated with Pierre Bourdieu's habitus perspectives by comparing them with disruptive innovative products dynamically developing broader context related to market offerings and services, and their positive outcomes once the habitus is disrupted. Understanding how disruptive innovation can change the habitus traits among customers. At the same time, by discovering the habitus traits of managers in corporations have failed to pay close attention to the new tendencies either by ignoring the signs from customers' demands or missing significant opportunities in the market that could help them to improve the business approaches. Disruptive Innovation describes a process through which new products that underperform in comparison to existing products' key attributes intrude upon a market by introducing an alternative package of benefits centered around being cheaper, simple, smaller, and or/ more suitable for consumers demands. Thus, companies should be aware of these disruptive leanings as a form to stay competitive in the given industry.

Medical Cosmoceutical service is a new rising medical service in recent 5 years. It combines medical profession and cosmetic service, offering customers integrated aesthetic therapy services that are safe, reliable, delicate and effective. Due to medical cosmoceutical is a popular and self-payed medical service not limited to any specific medical field by law, it is undouhtedly an effective way of business transformation for the medical institutes with difficult running under poor National Health Insurance policy. Therefore, many plastic surgery and dermatological clinics, and other medical field even beauty salons, quite to establish their medical cosmoceutical service for competing this big market. Surviving the strong competition in this hot market of medical cosmoceutical is an important issue for every member of the plastic surgery field that seeks to succeed in this medical cosmoceutical business. The key successful factor for plastic surgery field in medical cosmoceutical shall be an innovative strategy and innovative business model that leads to attracting and retaining customers. Through literature review and the practice data of T Union Clinic of Plastic Surgery based on its mamagement philosophy and business model, this study proposes the following three innovative strategies for medical cosmoceutical service: (1) Pioneer into the offering of medical cosmoceutical service that providing dedicated post-cosmetic surgery massage therapy ; (2) Pioneer into the research and development of skin care product therapeutic compound formula; and (3) Pioneer into the training and certification center for medical aesthetician. Followed by the dimensions of four innovative business model listed below, successful business performance will be obtained through the offering of comprehensive service attachment that enhances customers¡¦ willingness to accept such services. The four innovative business models comprise: (1) Knowledge transfer to customers, by delivering medical cosmetic knowledge for promoting trustworthiness from customers; (2) Customer relationship management (CRM) ,with higher customer value through maintaining close relationship with customers by offering multiple two-way communication channels; (3) Experience marketing, by creating word-of-month effects, and (4) Strategic alliance, through the referrals from related clinics, beauty salons, and affiliated medical cosmetic workshops to acquire more customers. In the verification of innovative strategies and business models for medical cosmoceutical business, this study adopts both qualitative and quantitative research methodology to provide deep insights and findings. In qualitative research, a small scale qualitative ¡§customer in-depth interview¡¨ is conducted on the medical cosmoceutical customers (5 people) of the T Union Clinic of Plastic Surgery, to verify accuracy of the innovative strategies and business model, followed by a large scale quantitative questionnaire survey (100 people) on the customers that are randomly drawn from the customers of T Union Clinic of Plastic Surgery. With quantitative data derived from the survey, the viability of the innovative strategies and innovative models are further verified. In conclusion, the research finding is that after quantitative and qualitative verification from the customer perspective, the three innovative strategies and four innovative business models proposed for medical cosmoceutical business has been indeed proved as the successful model for medical cosmoceutical business in the plastic surgery field, and is also commonly accepted by the medical cosmoceutical customers. Furthermore, an additional insight extracted from the verification in customer perspective is the need for designing of system for employee training and encouragement. By this, the effectiveness of transfering knowledge to customers and service quality delivery will be expected to enhance. So, this study adds the fifth dimension ¡§Employee training and encouragement¡¨ to the innovative business model. In the point of view of management implicatin, when performing the innovative strategy and innovative business model for medical cosmoceutical business in plastic surgery field, one should pay more attension to two management aspects, including internal management and external customer service. In the peer suggestion, the three innovative strategies and the four innovative business model proposed by this study are practically viable and may serve as the practical suggestions for the plastic surgery peer when providing medical cosmoceutical service.

Inovatyvaus verslo vertinimas - itin svarbus modernaus verslo, augančio į ateitį, valdymo uždavinys. Šio darbo pagrindinis tikslas - suformuoti galimus inovatyvaus verslo matavimo bei vertinimo metodus. Sekant nusibrėžta kryptimi, išnagrinėti inovacinio turto matavimo rodikliai, panaudojant inovatyvumo valdymo rodiklių generavimo instrumentą IMPROVE. Toliau nuosekliai išvestas ir ištirtas bazinis N-kartinio generavimo-diskontavimo modelis DFV, kaip inovatyvaus verslo vertės nustatymo metodo matematinis pagrindas. Parodyta, kad plačiai naudojamas DCF metodas, sekantis iš DFV modelio kaip ribinis atvejas, principialiai netinka inovatyvaus verslo vertinimui. Pasiūlyta vertinimo uždaviniuose įvesti diskonto normos tikimybinę funkciją p(j). Galiausiai pateikta fizinio bei intelektualinio turto ir atitinkamų srautų dinamikos schema parametrizuotų bazinių DFV modelių forma, kaip galimas inovatyvaus verslo vertinimo metodas DFV. / Assessment of innovative businesses is one of the most important tasks of modern businesses management. The goal of present article is the research of possible methods for measurement and evaluation of innovative business. On the way to this goal there were analyzed the measurement indicators of innovation asset using the indicator generation tool IMPROVE. Then there was made consecutive derivation of the N-generating-discounting model DFV as the mathematical base of the businesses assessment method. It was shown, that the well-known DCF method could be derived from DFV as the marginal case and is inadequate in innovative businesses assessment. Finally it was proposed dynamic layout of the physical and intellectual asset flows in the form of basic parameterized DFV models as the possible method of innovation businesses assessment.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to explore suitable end-of-life strategies for fashion retailers of custom-made products after they have been returned by the customer, by analysing and evaluating these strategies, and how to implement and conclude the viability of these. Method: The study follows an abductive explorative case study method. The exploratory design is structured as follows; a literature review is carried out, followed by interviews for collecting empirical data, which is analysed with the help of a conceptual framework. Thereafter, secondary data is collected to create an overview of the real-world context in the form of end-of-life strategies implemented by fashion retailers. Finally, the case was tested within a new proposed framework. Findings: The findings demonstrate the importance of the core values of the companies and inherent to that, the product characteristics and design in the decision-making of a suitable end-of-life strategy. For that reason, a second phase of data collection based on secondary data was implemented and juxtaposed the first finding from the interviews. The main insight this paper shows is that resell “as it is”, which is a common end-of-life strategy for regular fashion retailers, is a conflicting strategy for retailers of custom-made clothing. Introducing an adapted version of the Sustainable Value Analysis Tool as a conceptual framework gave a better insight in how to approach and analyse suitable end-of-life strategies and shows the relation between these parameters. Originality: It is difficult according to the findings of this study to conclude a generalisable, one-size-fits-all end-of-life strategy for returned custom-made products. However, the introduction of an adapted version of the Sustainable Value Analysis Tool can serve a purpose for all fashion retailers in this transformation process and which is not limited to fashion retailers of mass customised clothing.

This thesis is focused on the topic of collaborative strategies, their design and application in the field of business. Collaborative strategy is represented as a series of recommendations for companies (and other organizations) that are considering participation in a shared economy. Collaborative strategy can be also used in company which is already involved in shared economy. This document is based on the analysis of the business models and associated IT platforms which are used by organizations operating in the shared economy. In the thesis are identified key mechanisms and technical resources that enable the businesses to implement a sharing of resources between suppliers and users of these resources. Based on the obtained data were compiled individual strategies, each containing recommendations for the area of ICT, business models, law and summary of business fields in which they can be implemented. The conclusion of thesis contains a procedure for the identification of enterprise resources suitable for use in the shared economy. The final results together with collaborative strategies can be used by companies (and other organizations) to find new business potential, to participate in a shared economy and for innovation of business processes and business models. The benefit of this approach is a new perspective on the collaborative use of corporate resources. Combined with modern technology it helps to increase competitiveness and helps save the resources required for primary processes and also creates new ways to reach customers.

Диссертация состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения, списка использованной литературы из 93 наименований и приложений. Основное содержание работы изложено на 120 страницах основного текста, включающего 16 таблиц и 34 рисунка. В настоящей работе систематизированы теоретические и практические основы организации инновационной деятельности строительного предприятия. Основное внимание уделено рассмотрению вопросов сущности инноваций, эффективной организации инновационных бизнес–процессов в целях выведения на рынок «энергоэффективных инноваций» в строительной индустрии. Разработана модель организации инновационных бизнес-процессов в целях выведения на рынок «энергоэффективных инноваций» в строительной индустрии, основанная на существующих подходах и процессах бенчмаркинга, учитывающих специфику существующих и новых процессов предприятия, что позволяет оперативно воздействовать на изменения всех бизнес-процессов, с сокращением временных и финансовых издержек при строительстве энергоэффективных «умных» жилых комплексов. Разработанный инструментарий управления может быть использован в практической инновационной деятельности предприятий строительного комплекса по созданию энергоэффективных «умных» жилых домов. Во введении обоснована актуальность темы, сформулирована цель, задачи, определены предмет и объект исследования, обозначена научная и практическая ценность исследования. В первой главе «Обзор теоретических взглядов организации инновационных процессов в деятельности строительного предприятия» проведен анализ научных источников зарубежных и отечественных авторов, связанных с используемой терминологией по предложенному направлению исследования; исследованы основные проблемы организации инновационных бизнес-процессов на строительном предприятии; проведен сравнительный анализ существующих подходов к организации инновационных бизнес-процессов. Во второй главе «Анализ подходов к организации инновационных бизнес-процессов на строительном предприятии» проведен сравнительный анализ временных этапов формирования отечественного строительного комплекса в рамках «эволюции моделей инновационного процесса»; обобщены существующие подходы к исследованию и разработанным мероприятиям по аккумуляции мирового опыта и внедрению инноваций в строительной области, а также, развитию российских технологий на сегодняшний день; разработан рабочий поток процесса бенчмаркинга по внедрению инноваций на строительном предприятии. В третьей главе «Разработка модели организации инновационных бизнес-процессов в деятельности строительного предприятия «СМУ-3» разработана модель организации инновационных бизнес-процессов в целях выведения на рынок «энергоэффективных инноваций» в строительной индустрии; представлены предполагаемые практические данные о результатах апробации предложенного инструментария на примере строительного предприятия «СМУ-3». / The thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, a list of used literature from 93 titles and applications. The main content of the work is outlined on 120 pages of the main text, which includes 16 tables and 34 figures. In this paper, the theoretical and practical foundations of the organization of the innovative activity of a construction enterprise are systematized. The main attention is paid to the issues of the essence of innovations, the effective organization of innovative business processes in order to bring "energy-efficient innovations" to the market in the construction industry. A model of organization of innovative business processes for the purpose of launching "energy-efficient innovations" in the construction industry based on existing approaches and benchmarking processes that take into account the specifics of existing and new enterprise processes that allows to operatively influence changes in all business processes, with a reduction in temporary And financial costs in the construction of energy-efficient "smart" residential complexes. The developed management toolkit can be used in practical innovative activity of the enterprises of a building complex on creation of energy-efficient "smart" dwelling houses. In the introduction, the relevance of the topic is substantiated, the goal, objectives are formulated, the subject and object of research are determined, the scientific and practical value of the research is indicated. In the first chapter "Review of the theoretical views of the organization of innovative processes in the activities of a construction enterprise," an analysis was made of the scientific sources of foreign and domestic authors related to the terminology used in the proposed research direction; The main problems of organization of innovative business processes at a construction company are investigated; A comparative analysis of existing approaches to the organization of innovative business processes. In the second chapter, "Analysis of approaches to the organization of innovative business processes at a construction enterprise," a comparative analysis of the time stages of the formation of the domestic construction complex was carried out within the framework of the "evolution of models of the innovation process"; The existing approaches to research and developed measures on accumulation of world experience and introduction of innovations in the construction field, as well as the development of Russian technologies to date, are summarized; The working flow of the benchmarking process for introducing innovations in a construction enterprise was developed. In the third chapter "Development of the model of organization of innovative business processes in the activity of the construction enterprise "SMU-3", a model of organization of innovative business processes was developed to bring" energy-efficient innovations "to the market in the construction industry; Presented prospective practical data on the results of approbation of the proposed toolkit on the example of the construction enterprise "SMU-3".

Magistro darbe yra suformuluotos Lietuvos žiniomis grįstos ekonomikos plėtros tendencijos ir perspektyvos, tiriant Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių bei institucijų teorinius, teisinius ir praktinius aspektus, sietinus su ekonomikos transformacijos procesais, apimančiais: globalizacijos ir regionalizacijos poveikį visuotinei raidai ir pažangai; žiniomis grįstos ekonomikos svarbą Europos Sąjungos šalių konkurencingumui; žiniomis grįstos ekonomikos teisinius ir strateginius aspektus; sąveikos tarp darnaus vystymosi principo ir žiniomis grįstos ekonomikos svarbą, siekiant ilgalaikio šalių konkurencingumo; žiniomis grįstos ekonomikos sampratos raida, raiškos ir skvarbos vertinimu bei vertinimo modeliais. Nustatytas Lietuvos žinių raiškos vertinimas Europos Sąjungos šalių kontekste, analizuojant statistinius duomenis, sietinus su Ekonominio ir socialinio palankumo, inovacijų politikos vystymo, novatoriško verslo plėtros ir informacinių komunikacinių technologijų įtraukimu. / This master‘s final paper formulates tendencies and perspectives of knowledge based economy in science works and researches of Lithuania’s and foreign scientists. There were made the definition, analyzing the statistical data of Lithuanian knowledge in the context of European Union, associated with economic and social acceptability, innovation policy and innovative business development and involvement of information and communication technologies. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, there were made SWOT analysis of Lithuanian knowledge-based economy system and conceptualized the set of incentives of knowledge-based economy in Lithuania.

能源的議題牽繫人類文明的發展，在開發與運用的同時，也伴隨相當的代價。當代所因應發展的新能源經濟，在全球範圍內希冀提供人類前進的方案。 在新能源經濟的浪潮中，三個主要支柱分別是可再生能源，智慧電網與智慧家庭，以及電動車。我們解構產業的組成與價值鏈，分析產業的發展現況，並探究可行的技術運用與商業模式。 最終希望結合我們所擅長的資訊科技，在經濟層面為這片土地作出貢獻。

This paper dives into the world of business models where more precisely the business model called Freemium is inspected. The paper has multiple purposes where one is to examine why businesses decide to use a business model that is as volatile as Freemium. The other purpose of the paper is to examine what kind of management accounting is used within the business model. Reasoning behind that is to see if there are any specific traits that originates from the usage of the business model Freemium.   To fulfill this purpose the writers have decided to take a qualitative approach with the usage of interviews as the main instrument to gather data. The companies represented in the study are within different industries and are all considered to be SMEs. The chosen theoretical framework is built on previous research on business models and management accounting in SMEs and Start-ups.   The results of the study indicate that the business model originates from the changes in the market due to digitalization which allowed new ways for companies to present value to customers. Thanks to this, giving away part of the product for free became an acceptable way of conducting business as costs for distributing products were severely reduced. Once companies chose to adapt to this business model its competition were left with no choice but to adapt or get left behind. Nowadays most businesses choose the model thanks to its great benefits in advertising and the possibility to expand their business further beyond the business model. The role of management accounting within these companies has somewhat shifted to a greater emphasis on what the customer desires. Customers are the foundation for almost all decisions made within the companies. To leverage the customer for utmost efficiency companies collect user data and then use the information as foundation for its decisions. Due to this the business needs to adapt to quick changes and most of the tools used for management accounting have a controlling function along with the purpose of learning more about the user within the product. / Den här uppsatsen tar sitt avstamp i området affärsmodeller och mer specifikt den affärsmodell som kallas för Freemium. Uppsatsen har flera syften och ett av dem är att undersöka varför företag väljer att använda en affärsmodell som är så volatil som Freemium. Det andra syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vilken typ av ekonomistyrning som används inom affärsmodellen. Resonemanget bakom det är att se om det finns några specifika drag som kan kopplas till användningen av Freemium.   För att uppfylla detta syfte har författarna haft ett kvalitativt förhållningssätt med användning av intervjuer som huvudinstrument för insamlingen av data. De företag som representeras i studien finns inom olika branscher och anses alla vara små och medelstora företag. Det valda teoretiska ramverket bygger på tidigare forskning om affärsmodeller och ekonomistyrning i små och medelstora företag och nystartade företag.   Resultaten av studien indikerar att affärsmodellen uppstod efter förändringar som skett på marknaden till följd av digitaliseringen som möjliggjorde nya sätt för företag att presentera värde för kunderna. Tack vare detta blev att ge bort en del av produkten gratis ett acceptabelt sätt att bedriva verksamheter eftersom kostnaderna för distribution av produkter minskade kraftigt. När företagen väl valde att anpassa sig till denna affärsmodell fick konkurrenterna inget annat val än att anpassa sig eller bli kvarlämnade i det förflutna. Numera väljer de flesta företag affärsmodellen tack vare dess stora fördelar med reklam och möjligheten att expandera. Ekonomistyrningens roll hos företag som använder Freemium har ett större behov av att tillfredsställa kunden efter vad de önskar. Kunderna är grunden för nästan alla beslut som fattas inom företagen. För att utnyttja kunden för största möjliga effektivitet samlar företag in användardata och använder sedan informationen som grund för sina beslut. På grund av detta måste företaget anpassa sig till snabba förändringar och de flesta verktyg som används för ekonomistyrning har en kontrollfunktion tillsammans med syftet att lära sig mer om användaren i produkten.

HR-avdelningars roll är att tillgodose medarbetarnas, chefers och organisationens behov och utveckla de mänskliga- och organisatoriska resurserna. Det verkar vara vanligt att tro att de ekonomiska resurserna är viktigast för en organisations överlevnad, men medarbetares prestationer kan direkt påverka organisationers konkurrenskraft. Syftet var att utifrån ett HR-perspektiv öka förståelsen för organisationskultur och motivation och beskriva vad som utgjorde en innovativföretagskultur samt vilken roll arbetsmotivation hade för ett innovativt arbetsbeteende. Genom ett bekvämlighetsurval intervjuades åtta respondenter inom innovativa företag. En tematisk analys användes för att analysera intervjuerna och resulterade i två huvudteman som var innovativ företagskultur och motivation. Förutsättningarna för innovativa kulturer och beteenden samt motivation visade sig bero på graden av autonomi, socialt stöd och upplevelsen av kompetens samt återkoppling i arbetet. Autonomi och återkoppling var sätt för medarbetare att få tillåtelse att våga testa samt utvärdera sina innovativa idéer, vilket kunde leda till en mer autonom motivation och främja innovationskraften. Arbete med organisationskultur och motivation skulle kunna vara användbara sätt för HR-avdelningar och organisationer att arbeta för att behålla och förstärka sin position på marknaden.