O objetivo geral do estudo proposto é analisar a terminologia presente em manuais de empresas fabricantes de equipamentos médicos utilizados nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva UTIs, cujo tema foi definido em parceria com os especialistas do Grupo de Engenharia Biomédica da UNIFEI. Primeiramente, levantamos a lista dos equipamentos médicos utilizados em UTIs, com o auxílio dos especialistas, e formamos um corpus de estudo. Verificamos a existência de possíveis variantes denominativas no corpus constituído e, posteriormente, analisamos as relações semânticas estabelecidas entre os termos validados. A identificação e a extração dos termos presentes nos manuais foram realizadas por meio da plataforma Terminus, desenvolvida pelo Grupo IULATERM, do Institut Universitari de Lingüística Aplicada da Universitat Pompeu Fabra. A partir dos dados coletados, pudemos verificar a existência de muitas variantes e propusemos uma análise das relações semânticas existentes entre eles. Para esta pesquisa, adotamos a perspectiva teórica veiculada pela Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia TCT, que considera que as unidades terminológicas são parte da língua geral e apresentam as mesmas características desta, comportando variações denominativas e outros fenômenos. / The overall goal of the proposed study is to analyze the terminology used in manuals of manufacturers of medical equipment used in Intensive Care Units ICUs, theme established in partnership with UNIFEI´s Group of Experts on Biomedical Engineering. First, with the support from experts, a list of medical devices used in ICUs was raised and a study corpus generated. We searched possible denominational variants in the constituted corpus and then analyzed the semantic relations between the validated terms. The identification and extraction of these terms from the manuals were made by the Terminus platform developed by IULATERM Group, Institute for Applied Linguistics at Universitat Pompeu Fabra. From the data collected, we could confirm the existence of many variants and, therefore, propose an analysis of the semantic relationships among them. For this research, we adopted the theoretical perspective conveyed by the Communicative Theory of Terminology, which considers that the terminological units are part of the general language and have the same characteristics, comprising denominational variations and other phenomena.

Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo e retrospectivo com o objetivo de identificar a carga de trabalho e as taxas de absenteísmo da equipe de enfermagem de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva-Adulto (UTI) de um hospital de ensino no interior do estado de São Paulo. A população de estudo foi composta por duas partes: a primeira por todos os pacientes que permaneceram internados, no período de 01/01/2014 a 31/01/2014, totalizando 53 pacientes, e a segunda parte por relatórios gerenciais da unidade de saúde do trabalhador e as escalas mensais de folga, do período de 01/01/2012 a 31/01/2014. A amostra estudada foi composta, predominantemente, por pacientes do sexo masculino (54,7%), com idade média de 58,8 anos, submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico (51,0%), procedentes do Centro Cirúrgico (43,4%) e com tempo médio de permanência na unidade de 13 dias. A maioria dos pacientes (75,5%) teve como destino a unidade de internação em sua saída da UTI. Segundo os valores obtidos do escore NAS (Nursing Activities Score) (média de 68,4), a carga de trabalho produzida pelos pacientes necessita de 11 profissionais de enfermagem por turno para supri-la. No que diz respeito ao escore APACHE II, teve um valor médio de 15,8 pontos. As licenças para tratamento de saúde (LTS) compuseram o maior percentual em dias (43,8%) relativos às ausências não previstas. A taxa de absenteísmo foi de 2,02% e 3,99% para enfermeiros e de 6,09% e 7,71% para auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem, respectivamente, nos anos de 2012 e 2013. O dimensionamento de trabalhadores de enfermagem nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, com a utilização de instrumentos que permitem identificar a carga de trabalho, configura-se como uma importante ferramenta aos gestores, possibilitando a tomada de decisões administrativas. / This is a descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study with the aim to identify the workload and absenteeism rates of the nursing staff of the Intensive-Adult Care Unit (ICU) of a teaching hospital in the state of São Paulo. The study population was composed of two parts: the first for all patients who were hospitalized in the period from 01/01/2014 to 01/31/2014, totaling 53 patients, and the second part by management reports of worker health unit and monthly scales off, from 01/01/2012 to 01/31/2014. The studied sample was composed, predominantly, by male patients (54.7%) with a mean age of 58.8 years, underwent surgery (51.0%), coming from the Surgical Center (43.4% ) and mean residence time of 13 days at the unit. Most patients (75.5%) was sent to the inpatient unit after the departure from ICU. According to the NAS score values (Nursing Activities Score) (average 68.4), the workload produced by the patients require nursing staff of 11 people per turn to supply it. Talking about the APACHE II score, it had an average value of 15.8 points. Health treatment Licenses (HTL) represented the highest percentage in days (43.8%) related to unplanned absences. The absenteeism rate was 2.02% and 3,99% for nurses and 6,09% e 7,71% for nursing assistants/technicians respectly in the years 2012 and 2013. The sizing of the nursing staff in intensive care units, with the use of instruments which enable the workload, appears as an important tool for managers, enabling administrative decisions making.

A avaliação da disfunção renal pelos marcadores usuais não tem determinado impacto na redução da incidência da insuficiência renal aguda (IRA) nos pacientes de terapia intensiva. Este estudo avaliou 100 pacientes admitidos em uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) quanto às características demográficas; a relação entre creatinina plasmática e proteína carreadora do retinol (RBPu) e as variáveis clínico-laboratoriais; e a sensibilidade e a especificidade da RBPu. A amostra caracterizou-se como geriátrica (63,4±15,6 anos), do sexo masculino (68%), 47% dos pacientes tiveram tratamento clínico e 53% cirúrgico. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de 13,9±8,3 horas após a admissão na UTI. A análise dos resultados mostrou associação entre a creatinina plasmática e as variáveis: gênero (p-0,026), idade (p-0,038), uso de droga vasoativa (p-0,003), proteínúria (p-0,025), APACHE II (p-0,000), uréia (p-0,000), potássio (p-0,003) e clearance de creatinina estimado (p-0,000). A RBPu mostrou associação com um número maior de variáveis: peso (IMC), uso de ventilação invasiva (p-0,000), uso de antiinflamatório não-hormonal (p-0,018), uso de droga vasoativa (p-0,021), temperatura > 37,5ºC (p-0,005), proteinúria (p-0,000), bilirrubinúria (p-0,004), fluxo urinário (p-0,019), pressão arterial diastólica mínima (p-0,032), pressão arterial sistólica mínima (p-0,029), APACHE II (p-0,000), creatinina (p-0,001), uréia (p-0,001), clearance de creatinina estimado (p-0,000) e uma tendência a associação com os antecedentes clínicos (doença renal, vasculopatia e neoplasia). A creatinina plasmática e a RBPu apresentaram associação com a fração de excreção de sódio (FENa) quando os dados foram submetidos à análise univariada. O estudo referente à sensibilidade e especificidade da RBPu utilizando a curva ROC (Relative Operating Characteristics) mostrou que pacientes com RBPu maior que 1,47 mg/l têm aproximadamente quatro chances de apresentarem creatinina acima de 1,2 mg/dl (intervalo de confiança - 95%, erro padrão - 0,072). A acurácia global da RBPu, como teste diagnóstico, foi fraca. A RBPu, apesar das fracas sensibilidade e especificidade encontradas no estudo, pode ser considerada na clínica, o marcador de melhor desempenho diagnóstico em pacientes com risco para a ocorrência de IRA quando comparada aos marcadores utilizados rotineiramente. / The early assessment of renal dysfunction using common markers has not determined an impact on lower incidence of acute renal failure (ARF) in intensive care patients, which remains alarming high. This study followed-up 100 patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) and assessed demographic variables as well as plasma creatinine and urinary retinol-binding protein (uRBP) ratio with clinical and laboratory variables within the first hours of admission to the ICU. The sample was characterized as geriatric (63.4±15.6 years), male (68%), 47% clinical and 53% surgical patients. Data were gathered 13.9±8.3 hours after admission to ICU. Statistical analysis showed association between plasma creatinine and the following variables: gender (p-0.026), age (p-0.038), use of vasoactive drugs (p-0.003), proteinuria (p-0.025), APACHE II (p-0.000), urea (p-0.000), potassium (p-0.003) and estimated creatinine clearance (p-0.000). uRBP correlated with more variables: weight (BMI), use of invasive ventilation (p-0.000), use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (p-0.018), use of vasoactive drugs (p-0.021), temperature > 37.5ºC (p-0.005), proteinuria (p-0.000), bilirubinuria (p-0.004), urinary flow (p-0.019), minimal diastolic pressure (p-0.032), minimal systolic pressure (p-0.029), APACHE II (p-0.000), creatinine (p-0.001), urea (p-0.001), estimated creatinine clearance (p-0.000). uRBP also tended to associate with clinical past medical history (renal disease, vasculopathy and neoplasm). FENa correlated with plasma creatinine and uRBP in univariate analysis. The ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve demonstrated that patients with uRBP > 1.47 mg/l are four times more likely to have creatinine > 1.2 mg/dl (95% confidence interval, standard error, 0.072). The global accuracy of uRBP as a diagnostic test was poor. Although uRBP sensibility and specificity were not very high in the study, in clinical practice it might be considered the better marker regarding diagnostic performance in patients at risk of developing ARF, as compared with other markers routinely used. Moreover, uRBP has other features of a good diagnostic test - it is a practical and non-invasive method, and its cost may drop as the test becomes more frequently requested.

Queijo, AF. Tradução para o português e validação de um instrumento de medida de carga de trabalho de enfermagem em unidade de terapia intensiva: NURSING ACTIVITIES SCORE (N. A. S.). [Dissertação]. São Paulo (SP): Escola de Enfermagem da USP; 2002. O presente estudo teve como objetivos traduzir para o português e avaliar as propriedades de medida do Nursing Activities Score (NAS). A finalidade deste instrumento é medir carga de trabalho de enfermagem em UTI. O estudo foi subdividido em duas partes. A primeira composta da tradução do NAS para a língua portuguesa e a segunda, da análise da confiabilidade e validade do instrumento. Após o processo de tradução para a língua portuguesa, foi realizada sua aplicação em uma amostra de 200 pacientes adultos internados em UTIs. A avaliação da confiabilidade do instrumento, feita por meio da repetibilidade entre dois observadores, demonstrou alta concordância (99,8%) e índice Kappa médio de 0,99. Já a análise da consistência interna, verificada pelo coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach revelou que o NAS possui 23 medidas independentes que não comportam consolidação ou redução. O NAS também foi aplicado para as validades de critério (concorrente) e de constructo (convergente). A validade concorrente mostrou correlação estatisticamente significativa entre o TISS-28 e o NAS (r=0,67; p<0,0001), o mesmo ocorrendo quando se utilizou a análise de regressão (R2=94,4%; p<0,0001) Quanto a validade convergente, pela técnica da análise de regressão verificou-se associação estatisticamente significativa entre o NAS e o índice de gravidade SAPS II, quando ao modelo foi inserida a variável idade. (R2=99,8%; p<0,0001). Pelos resultados obtidos, o NAS mostrou-se um instrumento confiável e válido para mensurar carga de trabalho de enfermagem em UTI, na realidade brasileira. / Queijo, AF. Translation to portuguese and validation of a instrument to measure work load of nursing in the intensive care unit (ICU): NURSING ACTIVITIES SCORE (N.A.S.). [Dissertação]. São Paulo (SP): Escola de Enfermagem da USP; 2002. The present study aimed to translate into Portuguese and to evaluate the properties of measure of the Nursing Activities Score (NAS). The purpose of this instrument is to measure work load of nursing in the intensive care unit (ICU). The study was subdivided in two parts. The first composed of translation and cross-cultural adaptation; and second, in the analysis of the reliability and the validity of the instrument. After the process of translation into Portuguese language and cross-cultural adaptation, was carried through its application in 200 adult inpatients in ICUs, in order to get the measure of reliability. At once, this was obtained by the repeatable between two observers by the statistical test of Kappa that demonstrated one high concord (99,8%) and average Kappa of 0,99. At once, the analysis of the internal consistency verified for the Cronbach´s alpha coefficient disclosed that it possess 23 independent measures that do not hold consolidation or reduction. The NAS was also applied for the validities of criterion (competing) and constructo (convergent). The competing validity showed statisticaly significant correlatio between the TISS-28 and NAS (r=0,67; p<0,001), the same occurring when the analysis of regression was used (r2=94,4%; p<0,001). About the convergent validity, by the technique of the regression analysis, it was verified signicant association statisticaly between NAS and the index of gravity SAPS II, when was inserted to the model the changeable age (r2=99,8%, p<0,001). For the gotten results, in the Brazilian reality, the NAS revealed a trustworthy and valid instrument to measure work load of nursing in ICU.

Relatives of a critically ill patient being cared for at an intensive care unit are in great need of support from the intensive care nurse. To be able to handle the stressful situation they need information, the opportunity to be involved and to be greeted in a positive manner. The purpose of this study was to describe relatives' psychiatric health at an intensive care unit. A cross-sectional study using a survey and qualitative content analysis was chosen as the design for this study. The result reveals that relatives feel great concern and have a hard time relaxing. A lot of them feel anxiety and depression as a result of the strains from the time at the intensive care unit. To oscillate between hope and despair meant that they lived with great uncertainty and made it difficult to keep their motivation up. They describe that their psychiatric health is affected by the promotion of relationships, as they're living with uncertainty, as they're being able to handle the situation and as they're experiencing a loss of control. The result of this study showed that relatives of a critically ill patient being cared for at an intensive care unit have a high occurrence of anxiety and depression. Resources need to be allocated to caring for relatives to prevent illness.

Este estudo teve como objetivos: analisar as propriedades psicométricas dos instrumentos de avaliação de qualidade de vida WHOQOL-bref e SF-36 aplicados a pacientes adultos após a internação em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva e a seus familiares e, avaliar a concordância entre pacientes e familiares como seus substitutos. A amostra foi composta por 71 pares paciente-famíliar. A confiabilidade foi avaliada pela consistência interna através do Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. A validade convergente foi avaliada através das correlações interdomínios dos instrumentos e a validade divergente pelas correlações entre os domínios e o número de comorbidades através da Correlação de Spearman. A concordância entre os pares foi verificada pelo Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse e pela estatística kappa ponderado. Os resultados mostraram que o SF-36 quanto à confiabilidade apresenta valores aceitáveis (0,70) para a maioria dos domínios tanto para pacientes como para os familiares. Quanto ao WHOQOL-bref o coeficiente foi inferior a 0,70 para todos os domínios, em ambos os casos. A maioria das correlações interdomínios do SF-36 foram positivas e significativas para pacientes e familiares. O WHOQOL-bref quando aplicado aos pacientes apresentou correlações interdomínios positivas e significativas, mas o mesmo não ocorreu com os familiares. As correlações entre os domínios e número de comorbidades, tanto para o SF-36 e o WHOQOL–bref não foram significativas. A concordância entre os pares foi melhor quando o familiar foi o pai ou a mãe, filho e cônjuge, nessa ordem. Domínios e itens que avaliam condições objetivas são os que apresentam valores de concordância mais elevados entre os pares. O SF-36 apresentou maior número de concordâncias moderadas. O domínio Aspectos Físicos do SF-36 foi o que apresentou concordância substancial para todos os familiares. O domínio Físico do WHOQOL-bref apresentou concordância moderada para a maioria dos familiares. Para o SF-36, a concordância foi melhor quando os pacientes tinham duas ou mais comorbidades, Para o WHOQOL-bref foi melhor quando o paciente tinha uma ou duas comorbidades, mas apresentou maior número de concordâncias inconsistentes. De forma geral, os domínios previstos como aqueles que avaliam construtos similares não se correlacionaram. Esses resultados confirmam que no contexto do tratamento intensivo o SF-36 é mais adequado como instrumento de avaliação de qualidade de vida relacionado à saúde. Esses achados são similares aos da literatura internacional. / This aims this study were: to analyze the psychometric properties of the instruments for the evaluation of Quality of Life WHOQOL-bref and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) applied to adult patients after discharged from Intensive Care Units and their families and to evaluate the agreement between patients and their families as proxies. The sample consisted of 71 patient-family pairs. The internal consistency reliability was evaluated by the Cronbach’s Alfa Coefficient. The convergent validity was evaluated by the inter-domain correlations of the instruments and a divergent validity was evaluated by Spearman correlation between domains and number of comorbidities. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and weighted kappa were used to analise the agreement between the pairs. Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient was acceptable (0.70) for the majority of SF-36 domains for patients and their families. For the WHOQOL-bref, the coefficients were below 0, 70 for all domains in both cases. The majority of inter-domains correlation of SF-36 for patients and proxies were positive and significant. WHOQOL-bref inter-domain correlations were positive and significant when applied to the patients but not for the families. For the correlations between domains and number of comorbidities, the majority of SF-36 and WHOQOL-bref domains did not correlate for either the patients or their families. The divergent validity was not supported in both instruments. Agreement between the pairs was better when the relatives were the parents or sons. Domains and items that evaluated objective conditions presented much higher values of agreement between the pairs. The SF-36, showed a larger number of domains with moderate agreement. The Physical Role domains of SF-36 were what showed a substantial agreement for all of the families. The Physical domain of WHOQOL-bref, showed moderate agreement between each of the family members. The agreement SF-36, was better when the patients had 2 or more comorbidities, regarding the WHOQOL-bref, it was better when a patiente had 1 or 2 comorbities, however it showed a greater number of inconsistent agreements. In general, domains hypothesized to measure similar constructs do not correlated. These results confirm that the SF-36 is more suitable for the evaluation of quality of life in the intensive care context. These findings are similar to from international literature.

Sjuksköterskor på allmän vårdavdelning tar regelbundet emot patienter som har varit inlagda på en intensivvårdsavdelning. För att sjuksköterskor ska kunna bedriva en trygg vård är det betydelsefullt att ha kunskap om patientens upplevelse av att vårdas på allmän vårdavdelning efter förflyttning från intensivvårdsavdelning. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur patientens upplevelse av trygghet påverkas på en allmän vårdavdelning efter förflyttning från en intensivvårdsavdelning. För att uppnå syftet genomfördes en allmän litteraturstudie med vetenskapliga artiklar. I resultatet framkom fyra teman: miljöns betydelse, trygghetens påverkan på tillfrisknandet, omvårdnadens betydelse och ett tillgodosett informationsbehov. Resultatet visade att patientens känsla av trygghet var subjektiv och påverkades i olika situationer. Sjuksköterskan har en värdefull roll i att tillgodose patientens behov av trygghet. Detta kan åstadkommas genom att skapa en lugn miljö, upprätthålla en god relation till patienten, ge en trygg omvårdnad och tillfredsställa patientens behov av information. Ytterligare forskning ur patientens perspektiv är väsentlig för att skapa en fördjupad förståelse kring patientens upplevelse av trygghet. / Nurses in the general ward regularly receive patients who have been admitted to an intensive care unit. In order to provide safe care, it is important for nurses to have knowledge of the patient’s experience of being cared for in the general ward after being transferred from an intensive care unit. The purpose of the study was to explore how the patient’s experience of feeling safe is influenced in general ward after being transferred from an intensive care unit. To achieve the aim, a general literature study was conducted with scientific articles. The result emerged in four themes: the importance of the environment, the impact of feeling safe on the recovery, the importance of nursing and a satisfied need of information. The findings showed that the patient’s feeling of safety was subjective and influenced by different situations. The nurse has a valuable role in meeting the patient’s need of feeling safe. This can be achieved by creating a calm environment, maintaining a good relationship with the patient, providing safe care and satisfying the patient’s need of information. Further studies from the patient’s perspective is essential to gain in-depth understanding of the patient’s experience of feeling safe.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leticia Kancelkis Porta.pdf: 972339 bytes, checksum: fedeb37919db4dcae6487754c6da3bae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-23 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / This paper first presents a review of the literature, which includes considerations about the structure and dynamics of the bond, the issue of psychoanalysis in the Group and the Institution, some studies related to the main topic of this work and resilience. After that it approaches the purposes that led to the study of the structure and of the dynamics of mother-child bond in the context that involves the need of an ICU admission for the child, trying to analyze and to understand reports of the mother, and describes some emotional structures produced by the mother-child bond. It also evaluates the mother's emotional condition and proposes possible psychological interventions for this situation. To finalize the thesis we show the methodology used in the research including the topics: participants (mothers with children in need of care in the ICU), location (residences of the participants), instrument (unstructured interview), and procedure. Finally, we approach the analysis of the material, which was based on the model of qualitative research, seeking harmony with the work of Freud (1901) in the interpretation of dreams and Mathieu (1967) that suggests that the structure of the topics that constitute a narrative, as well as the constructions that the unconscious uses to seek satisfaction of the repressed desires, can validate a work of interpretation such as this one. / Este trabalho apresenta, primeiramente, uma revis?o da literatura, a qual abarca considera??es acerca da estrutura e din?mica do v?nculo, a quest?o da Psican?lise no Grupo e na Institui??o, alguns estudos correspondentes ao tema deste trabalho e resili?ncia. Em seguida, aborda os objetivos que corresponderam a estudar a estrutura e a din?mica do v?nculo m?e-filho em contexto que envolve a necessidade do atendimento de uma UTI ao segundo, procurando: analisar e compreender relatos da primeira; descrever algumas estruturas emocionais produzidas no v?nculo m?e-filho; avaliar a condi??o afetiva da m?e e propor poss?veis interven??es psicol?gicas em rela??o a tal condi??o. Finalizando a tese, est? a metodologia empregada na pesquisa propriamente dita, englobando os t?picos: participantes (m?es com filhos necessitados de atendimento de UTI); local (resid?ncia das participantes); instrumento (entrevista aberta); procedimento; finalmente, abordamos a an?lise do material, que teve como base o modelo qualitativo de pesquisa, procurando conson?ncia com o trabalho de Freud (1901) na interpreta??o dos sonhos e de Mathieu (1967), que preconiza que a estrutura dos temas que constituem uma narrativa, bem como as constru??es das quais o inconsciente se utiliza para buscar a satisfa??o de seus desejos reprimidos, pode trazer a valida??o de um trabalho de interpreta??o, como o que realizamos.

Este estudo foi motivado pelas inquietações surgidas durante a experiência profissional da pesquisadora, no trabalho com recém-nascidos prematuros e seus familiares. Trata-se de pesquisa do tipo descritivo, com obtenção e tratamento de dados qualitativos, que teve como objetivo identificar a vivência da mãe de recém-nascido prematuro, egresso de Unidade Neonatal, e sobre o cuidado do bebê, no domicílio. O projeto foi aprovado pela Comissão de Ensino e Pesquisa do Hospital Estadual de Sumaré, campo de estudo, e pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Foram entrevistadas 12 mães, no retorno ambulatorial do bebê prematuro, após aproximadamente 10 dias da alta da Unidade Neonatal. Os dados foram coletados, no período de julho a outubro de 2008, por meio de entrevistas e tratados pela técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) proposto por Fernando Lefèvre. Dos relatos obtidos, emergiram oito DSCs assim distribuídos: 1-Vivenciando o cuidado do prematuro; 2-Reproduzindo o que aprendeu na unidade neonatal; 3-Tentando atender às necessidades do prematuro; 4-Falando de aleitamento; 5-Recebendo ajuda dos familiares; 6-Expressando sentimentos de satisfação; 7-Citando a Cartilha da Unidade Neonatal e 8-Expressando dificuldade para cuidar do prematuro. Os resultados revelam a importância da Unidade Canguru que possibilita à mãe receber orientações contínuas sobre o cuidado do bebê prematuro, em Unidade Neonatal, de modo a habilitá-la para atender com segurança às demandas do filho, no domicílio. Outro dado de relevância é que as mães consultam a Cartilha de orientação oferecida pelo serviço, apenas diante de alguma dúvida sobre o cuidado a ser oferecido ao bebê prematuro, dispensando sua completa leitura. Os relatos revelam que as estratégias para a capacitação materna para o cuidado do prematuro devem ser adotadas pelas unidades neonatais desde a admissão do recém-nascido, de modo a proporcionar maior segurança no desenvolvimento de habilidades no cuidado do filho e para favorecer a criação do vínculo entre ambos / This study is the result of anxieties brought about the authors professional experience working with premature newborns and their families. This is a descriptive research, with gathering and treatment of qualitative data, aimed at identifying the experience of premature newborns mothers released from Neonatal Units with regards to the babys care at home. The project had approved of the Teaching and Research Commission of the Sumaré State Hospital, field of study, and the State University of Campinas Committee of Ethics in Research. Twelve mothers were interviewed in the follow-up visits of premature babies approximately 10 days after release from the Neonatal Unit. Data were collected between July and October of 2008 through interviews and treated with the technique of the Discourse of the Collective Subject (DCS) proposed by Fernando Lefèvre. From the descriptions emerged 8 DCSs, grouped as follows: 1-Experiencing the care for the premature baby; 2-Reproducing what was learned in the Neonatal Unit; 3-Trying to fulfill the premature babys needs; 4 Speaking about breast feedind; 5-Being helped by family members; 6-Expressing feelings of satisfaction; 7-Quoting the Neonatal Units guide book; and 8-Expressing difficulty to care for the premature baby. The results reveal the importance of the Kangaroo Unit, which makes possible for mothers to receive continuous guidance regarding the care for premature babies in Neonatal Units so as to enable them to securely respond to their childs demands at home. Another relevant piece of information is that mothers check the guide book that the service gives them only if theres a doubt regarding the kind of care that should be given to the premature baby, rather than fully reading it. The narratives show that the strategies to build the capacity of mothers to care for premature babies should be adopted by neonatal units since the newborn is taken in, so as to provide more security in the development of abilities in the care for the child and to encourage the creation of ties between them

Palliative care (PC) is a specialty that improves the quality of care often for terminally ill patients and their family members by providing physical, psychosocial, and spiritual pain and symptom management. PC assists patients in decision making about their goals of care. These goals of care discussions help the treating physicians to better plan more appropriate treatment options specifically tailored for each patient based on their preferences. Due to the illness severity of the patients, approximately 20% of all hospital deaths occur in the intensive care unit (ICU). Recognition of and advocacy for integrating PC in the ICU have increased in the last decade following many studies which have shown the positive effects of PC for critically ill patients and their family members. This was a single-center retrospective study conducted at an academic hospital that examined the effects of a proactive PC intervention and the clinical outcomes on patients who died in the medical and neurological ICUs (MICU and NICU), since the majority of ICU deaths occurred in these two units. This study was a quality improvement project that examined only patients who died, in order to make a similar comparison between patients who ultimately had the same clinical outcome. This pre-intervention (phase 1) and post-intervention three phase analysis measured the effectiveness of a screening tool (phase 2), and a daily ICU huddle (phase 3) compared to the pre-intervention phase. The study analyzed the impact the interventions had on clinical measurable outcomes such as 1) day of PC consultation after ICU admission and after meeting criteria, 2) day of meeting criteria for PC based on a screening tool, 3) hospital and ICU lengths of stay, 4) direct cost per discharge, and 5) the average number of PC consultations per month. Electronic database review of all MICU and NICU patients who died from July 2010 to December 2011 and April 2013 to October 2014 were performed. Comparisons were made between patients who received a PC consultation and those who received usual care, from both pre-intervention and post-intervention phases. A total of 888 patients were included and analyzed in this study. The intervention reduced the average day of PC consultation after ICU admission from 9.55 in phase 1 to 4.95 in phase 2 and to 4.75 in phase 3 after the addition of the daily huddle. The average day of PC consultation after meeting criteria in the ICU was also reduced from 8.0 to 3.08 then to 2.18, respectively. The average number of PC consultations per month increased from 10.6 to 12.8 to 17.7 in the three respective phases. The cost per discharge was not significantly different from patients who received a PC consultation and for patients who received usual care. PC service did not reduce the length of stay for patients when compared to patients who received usual care. The sensitivity and specificity of the screening tool in phase 2 were 66.2% and 70.8%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the screening tool with daily huddle in phase 3 were 65.7% and 62.5%, respectively. Proactive screening for PC eligibility and discussion of that eligibility with the critical care team improves access to PC in the ICU. The screening tool and daily ICU huddle helped critical care physicians identify the group of patients most appropriate for PC consultation. The analysis suggests that the critical care physicians were able to accurately discriminate which end-of-life patients they could manage on their own. However, the low sensitivity and specificity of the screening tool suggests that there is still significant room for refinement in order for the screening tool to be more discriminatory and effective. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.