Introdução: A implementação de um protocolo de desmame promove a retirada mais rápida da ventilação mecânica, redução das complicações, redução de falha de extubação e diminuição de custos na unidade de terapia intensiva. Porém, sabe-se que uma nova conduta, comprovada pela literatura, pode levar anos a se tornar um padrão de cuidado na prática diária. Objetivos: Investigar a efetividade de um protocolo em relação ao sucesso do desmame e aderência dos médicos assistentes ao protocolo. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo de coorte. Nós investigamos todos pacientes consecutivos dependentes de ventilação mecânica por mais de 24 hs no período de janeiro de 2004 à dezembro de 2010 admitidos em uma unidade de terapia intensiva médico cirúrgica. Os dados como idade, sexo, causa da insuficiência ventilatória, escore de apache II, resultado do desmame da ventilação mecânica e aderência médica ao protocolo de desmame foram coletados em todos os pacientes. Resultados: Foram incluídos 2.469 pacientes durante 07 anos, sendo 1943 (78%) com sucesso no desmame. A adesão médica ao protocolo de desmame variou durante esses anos, sendo a maior entre 2005 à 2007(38% em 2005 para 86% para 2007 p< 0,01).Quando avaliamos o passo à passo do protocolo de desmame, encontramos uma alta adesão para a ventilação não invasiva (VNI)(95%) e para avaliação dos índices preditores de desmame (91%) e uma baixa adesão para controle do balanço hídrico (54%) e interrupção diária da sedação (24%). O sucesso no desmame foi superior nos pacientes que fizeram protocolo de desmame comparado com aqueles que utilizaram a prática clínica como desmame (85,6% x 67,7%, p< 0,001). Conclusão: A adesão médica ao protocolo de desmame mudou durante os anos do estudo, bem como a implementação das diferentes etapas do protocolo. Isso pode ter ocorrido por diferentes níveis de conhecimento médico e educação oferecidas a equipe do Centro de Terapia Intensiva (CTI) sobre o protocolo de desmame durante os anos do estudo. / Background: The implementation of a weaning protocol is referred to an earlier removal from mechanical ventilation (MV), reduction of complication, extubation failure and intensive care unit (ICU) costs. Moreover, it is know that a new approach, proven by literature, may take several years to become standard of care in daily practice. Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a protocol in relation to the success of weaning and adherence of medical assistants to the protocol. Methods: We investigated all consecutive patients MV-dependent for more than 24h admitted from Jan-2004 to Dec-2010 in a medical-surgical ICU. Data of age, gender, cause of ventilatory failure, APACHE II score, weaning outcome, and physician adherence weaning protocol were collected in all patients. Results: We enrolled 2,469 patients over 7 years, with 1,943 patients (78.7%) of weaning success. The patient´s physician-adherence ranged to the weaning protocol changed during the study, being greater adherence from 2005 to 2007 (38%% in 2005 up to 86% in 2007, p <0.01). When evaluated weaning protocol step-by-step, we found high adherence for noninvasive ventilation use (NIV) (95%), and for weaning predictor measurement (91%); and lower adherence for control of fluid balance (57%), and for daily interruption of sedation (24%). The weaning success was superior patients that undergone weaning protocol compared to patients that undergone weaning based in clinical practice (85.6% vs. 67.7%, p <0.001). Conclusion: The adherence of physicians to a weaning protocol changed during the study years, as well as implementing the different steps of the protocol. This may have occurred by different levels of knowledge of medical and education offered by the ICU staff about the weaning protocol during the period of the study.

Masters of Science - Msc (Physiotherapy) / The Physiotherapist is an important member of the multidisciplinary team managing critically ill patients in the ICU. Physiotherapy practice in the ICU has shown itself to be effective, whereas the lack of physiotherapy management in the care of critically ill patients may prolong recovery. Therefore, the knowledge and attitudes about physiotherapy management by the other Health Care Professionals of the team is essential in order to facilitate efficient and effective medical services. This study aimed to determine other Health Care Professional' knowledge, attitudes regarding physiotherapy management in the ICU. As well as, it determined the current physiotherapy practices applied by physiotherapists in ICUs in Khartoum State - Republic of Sudan. The study was conducted due to limited studies in this field.

Jordan is a developing country which is taking measures to make the situation in the society more equal between males and females. Former research has showed that it, worldwide, sometimes is great differences between the genders in the health care. This thesis illuminates how it is to work in an intensive care unit and if there are differences between male and female intensive care nurses influencing on the provided care. Twenty intensive care nurses from four intensive care units at Jordan University Hospital were included in the study. Both field notes and an observation schedule were used to gather data. The field notes captured the overall experience of working in the intensive care area and were analyzed by thematic content analyze. The observation schedule concentrated on how long time was spent and which activities were performed bedside. Data from the schedule was compared between the units and between male and female intensive care nurses caring for male and female intensive care patients. The field notes showed that even if the units were busy and crowed the silence and calmness were present. Cooperation was essential and trust and knowledge were spread. Often a warm and comfortable feeling surrounded the personnel and they seemed to like it at work. The observation schedule showed that in the medical and surgical intensive care units the intensive care nurses spent more time and performed a greater number of bedside activities compared to the pediatric and main intensive care units. Female intensive care nurses who cared for male intensive care patients performed less bedside activities and when they cared for a female intensive care patient they spent less time bedside compared to the other groups. In all the units and all the groups the most frequent performed activity was to have a look at the equipment, followed by have a look at the patient. The results can however be questioned since it is a small study accomplished by a single researcher, in some few intensive care units at one hospital. / Program: Specialistsjuksköterskeutbildning med inriktning mot intensivvård

In the care for the critically ill patient the next of kin is of great importance. Their support, love and care for the patient, increases the wellbeing and makes a connection to the patient’s normal lifeworld. For the next of kin to be able to be that support the next of kin needs to be helped to maintain the basic need of for example their sleep, food, hygiene and psychosocial support. The critical care nurse must see to the patient’s whole lifeworld which includes their next of kin.The aim of the study was to identify the resources available for the next of kin in intensive care units in Sweden. The study has its origin in a quantitative approach and a multiple choice questionnaire survey was selected as the data collection method. The respondents were intensive care employees from all over Sweden. At the time of the study, there were 86 intensive care units in Sweden which all were invited to participate in the study. Answers were received from 53 respondents representing ~62 % of ICUs in Sweden.The findings revealed that the resources for next of kin among the responding units were overall good to maintain the basic needs. The units mainly provided 1-2 rooms for the next of kin to use for resting and recovery while staying at the hospital. All the units were available to telephone 24 hours a day but there were some units that had restrictions when it came to visiting the critically ill patient. All ICUs in Sweden were invited to participate in the study but there were 38 % which chose not to participate. The outcome of the study could therefore have been different if the nonparticipant ICUs had different resources and opinions when it came to the care for the next of kin of patients staying at ICU. The conclusion is that intensive care units in Sweden has overall good resources to care for next of kin while visiting and staying at ICUs. / Program: Specialistsjuksköterskeutbildning med inriktning mot intensivvård

Då någon drabbas av allvarlig sjukdom eller skada som hotar livet påverkas inte bara den sjuke utan också alla i den sjukes närhet. Att som närstående vara barn i denna situation kan vara oerhört traumatiskt. För att vi som vårdpersonal ska kunna hjälpa och stötta barnen och familjen behövs kunskap om hur barn upplever denna situation och vilka behov som finns hos dem. Syftet med studien är att beskriva barns upplevelse av att vara närstående till en svårt sjuk person. Med svår sjukdom/skada valdes i denna uppsats någon som vårdas på en intensivvårdsavdelning eller drabbats av cancersjukdom. Metoden som använts är litteraturstudie av vårdvetenskapliga kvalitativa artiklar där barnens upplevelse tydligt framkommer. I resultatet framgår det att barnen upplever oro och osäkerhet över vad som händer, förändrat vardagsliv, otrygghet och utanförskap. Dessa känslor och upplevelser har samlats under tre teman: Berätta för mig, Jag vill att det ska vara som vanligt och Ser ni mig? Med kunskap om barns upplevelser och känslor när någon närstående drabbats av svår sjukdom/skada kan vi som vårdpersonal informera och stötta barn och föräldrar för att möjliggöra en situation där barnen känner delaktighet och trygghet. Studien visar på vikten av att barnen är välinformerade om vad som hänt och hur sjukdomen/skadan utvecklar sig, att vardagen fortsätter i möjligaste mån med trygga rutiner och att barnen får känna delaktighet och blir sedda. Studien visar på hur viktigt det är att vi som vårdpersonal ser och informerar de närstående barnen med tanke på ålder, utveckling och erfarenhet och uppmuntrar och stöttar föräldrarna till att göra barnen delaktiga. / Program: Fristående kurs

Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem quantitativa, de corte transversal, descritivo, realizado com objetivo de identificar a carga de trabalho de enfermagem, segundo o Nursing Activities Score (NAS), em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva adulto de um hospital público, de ensino, de grande porte, destinado ao atendimento de pacientes em situação de Urgência ou Emergência Médica. A amostra foi composta de 70 pacientes maiores de 18 anos, independente do diagnóstico ou tipo de tratamento, com permanência mínima de 24 horas na unidade. A coleta, realizada no período de maio a outubro de 2011, constou dos dados demográficos e clínicos, foram aplicados o instrumento NAS e o índice de gravidade APACHE II das primeiras 24 horas de internação, para medida de carga de trabalho de enfermagem e gravidade dos pacientes, respectivamente. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e inferencial para tratamento dos dados, sendo a relação entre as variáveis selecionadas analisada por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Os testes t de Student e ANOVA foram utilizados para a comparação das médias. A análise conjunta das variáveis foi feita por meio de regressão linear múltipla. A maioria dos pacientes 26 (62,86%) era do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 46,31 anos, tempo médio de internação na UTI de 12,76 (dp=10,30),procedente do pronto socorro (45,71%), com o tipo de internação clínica (54,29%) e em 68,57% dos casos evoluíram para alta da unidade. A média do APACHE II foi de 25,41 (dp=7,43) e do NAS de 73,59 (dp=15,68) pontos. A análise comparativa do escore NAS com as variáveis demográficas e clínicas mostrou que pacientes que foram ao óbito apresentaram as maiores médias de carga de trabalho de enfermagem. A correlação entre a média do escore NAS e as variáveis quantitativas: idade, dias de internação e gravidade (APACHE II) mostrou moderada correlação com a gravidade (r= 0,33; p= 0,00) e baixa correlação e negativa com o tempo de internação (r= -0,27; p=0,02). O único fator associado à carga de trabalho de enfermagem nesse grupo de pacientes estudados foi sua condição de saída. A avaliação da carga de trabalho de enfermagem, bem como os fatores que a influenciam, tem se mostrado indispensável como recurso de gestão das unidades de terapia intensiva / This is a quantitative, cross sectional, descriptive study performed with the aim of identifying the nursing workload according to the Nursing Activities Score (NAS) at a large scale adult Intensive Care unit of a public teaching hospital, aimed at attending patients in Immediate or Urgent medical situations. The sample was composed of 70 patients aged over 18 years of age, independent of the diagnosis of type of treatment, who stayed in the unit for a minimum of 24 hours. The data collection, carried out between May and October 2011, was composed of demopgraphic and clinical data and the NAS values and the APACHE II severity index durring the first 24 hours were applied after admission to measure the nursing workload and the severity of the patients respectively. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to process the data, with the relation between selected variables analysed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The student T test and ANOVA were used for the comparison of means. The combined analysis of the variables was done using multiple linear regression. The majority of the patients 26 (62.86%) were male with a mean age of 46.31, the mean time they were admitted to ICU was 12.76 (sd=10.30). The majority of patients were transferred from the Emergency Room (45.71%), with clinical admission (54.29%) and in 68.57% of cases they were discharged from the unit. The mean score from APACHE II was 25.41 (sd=7.43) and NAS was 73.59 (sd=15.68) points. The comparative analysis of the NAS scores with the demographic and clinical variables showed that patients which died presented the highest mean nursing workloads. The correlation between the mean NAS score and the quantitative variables: age, days in hospital and severity (APACHE II) showed a moderate correlation with the severity (r=0.33; p=0.00) and low and negative correlation with the length of hospitalization (r=-0.27; p=0.02). The only factor associated to the nursing workload in the group of patients studied was their medical condition when discharged. The evaluation of the nursing workload, as well as the factors which influenced it, has been shown to be an essential resource for the managament of intensive care units.

Este trabalho é um estudo de caso, cujos objetivos foram caracterizar os recém-nascidos prematuros de muito baixo peso (RNP/MBP) admitidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica e Neonatal (UTIP/N) do nascimento ao seguimento ambulatorial no primeiro ano de vida, e compreender a experiência dos pais. Sendo assim, optou-se pela realização da pesquisa em dois momentos: o primeiro, na abordagem quantitativa, com uma população de 60 RNP/MBP do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo (HU-USP) no período compreendido entre 1999 - 2000. Os dados foram coletados dos prontuários por meio de um formulário. Os resultados mostraram que as mães eram na sua maioria primíparas (50,9%), com idade média de 27,5 anos e que 80,0% realizaram o pré-natal. Em relação aos neonatos, a média de peso ao nascer foi 1.084g e a idade gestacional de 30 semanas; 23,0% foram a óbito e a média de peso foi de 688g. Quanto ao tempo de permanência na terapia intensiva, dos 46 sobreviventes, a mediana foi 10 dias e a de internação hospitalar 49,5 dias. Foram submetidos à intubação e à ventilação mecânica (69,6%), à cateterização central (78,3%) e à nutrição parenteral (98,7%). Dos egressos do Berçário, 75,0% realizaram seguimento no Ambulatório Neonatal. O segundo momento, na abordagem qualitativa, os dados foram obtidos pela observação participante e entrevista com os pais de bebês egressos da UTIP/N do HU-USP. Adotou-se como referencial teórico-metodológico a Antropologia Cultural e a Etnografia. Da análise das narrativas, emergiram seis categorias culturais e subcategorias que evidenciaram dois temas: \"A capacidade para tornarem-se pais de um RNP/MBP: momentos de luta e crescimento\" e \"O cuidar e conviver com o filho\". Os pais vivenciaram todo o processo permeado pela ambivalência de sentimentos em que o medo e a esperança predominaram. Relataram que essa experiência foi marcante e transformadora, atribuíram à religiosidade, aos profissionais de saúde e à assistência especializada a sobrevida do filho. Sentiram-se capacitados para cuidar da criança após a alta hospitalar, embora tenham reconhecido a existência de obstáculos que emergiram do contexto sociocultural para desempenharem os papéis de pai e mãe. / This paper is a case study, it has the purpose of characterizing the preterm newborn with very low weight admitted in Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Units by birth until the first year of life, as an Out Patient, and to understand the parents experience. I opted to do the research in two moments: the first one as a quantitative approach with sixty preterm newborn with very low weight, which were in the of the University Hospital at Sao Paulo University during the period 1999-2000. The data has been collected using the dossier with a specific instrument. The results showed that (50.9%) of mothers were primiparous, the average age was 27.5 years, 80.0% did prenatal. Reporting newborn, the average of birth weight was 1.084g and the pregnancy age was thirty weeks; 23.0% died, the average of birth weight was 688g. The median of permanence of the 46 survivors in ICU was 10 days and in hospital was 49.5 days. 69.6% were submitted to intubation and mechanical ventilation; 78.3% used a central catheter and 98.7% to parenteral nutrition. 75.0% of the babies from Nursery were accompanied in the Out Patient Neonatal Unit at University Hospital during the first year of life. The second moment, with a qualitative approach, the data were collected using the participant observation and the interview with ICU preterm newborn parents. We adopted Cultural Anthropology and Ethnography as theoretical reference methodologies. From this analysis emerged six cultural categories and subcategories that showed two cultural themes: \"The capacity to be parents of a very low weight preterm newborn: fighting moments and growth\" and \"Caring and living together with a child\". Parents lived all the process with fear and hope. They said this experience was very intense and transforming, attributing child\'s life to religion, health professionals and specialized care. They felt capable to take care of the child after hospital discharge, although recognized new obstacles in the social-cultural context to carry out the responsibility of being parents.

Submitted by Suzana Dias (suzana.dias@famerp.br) on 2018-10-25T17:49:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danieleCristinydaSilva_dissert.pdf: 1056431 bytes, checksum: 6877500017e2679bab83b81b583362f9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-25T17:49:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 danieleCristinydaSilva_dissert.pdf: 1056431 bytes, checksum: 6877500017e2679bab83b81b583362f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-19 / Intensive Care Unit can generate a highly stressful environment where patients experience experiences of physical and psychological discomfort such as pain, which when untreated can contribute to an unfavorable outcome and increased mortality. The identification of pain through validated scales is indispensable for its proper management. The use of sedatives and analgesics in critical patients is necessary, providing analgesia, anxiolysis, amnesia, and comfort, but these drugs are not free of side effects and require vigilance. Objectives: To associate pain, sedoanalgesia and mortality; Describe the clinical profile, self-report and behavioral pain intensities and sedation levels; To verify the efficiency of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment as a prognostic index and to identify the validity of pain and its intensities as predictive of mortality. Methods: A cross-sectional and prospective study in a general / neurological clinical / surgical intensive care unit of a tertiary-level hospital, with a sample of 240 patients. Results: Prevalence of non-elderly, male, neurological, surgical patients with deep sedation. There was higher mortality in patients with deep sedation, intense pain, surgical and elderly, and longer hospitalization time in those with moderate sedation. The sedoanalgesia did not suppress the pain, but it controlled its intensity, being Fentanil the drug more used. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment did not act as a good prognostic index, since the intense pain proved to be a good predictor of mortality. Conclusion: It is concluded that the identification of pain intensities and sedation performed by nurses through validated scales, assists in decision making and bases the appropriate management of sedoanalgesia in intensive care. / A Unidade de terapia intensiva pode gerar um ambiente altamente estressor onde os pacientes vivenciam experiências de desconforto físico e psicológico como, por exemplo, a dor, que quando não tratada pode contribuir para um desfecho desfavorável e aumento da mortalidade. A identificação da dor através de escalas validadas é indispensável para seu adequado manejo. O uso de sedativos e analgésicos em pacientes críticos é necessário, proporcionando analgesia, ansiólise, amnésia, e conforto, porém esses fármacos não são isentos de efeitos colaterais e necessitam de vigilância. Objetivos: Associar dor, sedoanalgesia e mortalidade; descrever o perfil clínico, intensidades de dor por autorrelato e comportamental e níveis de sedação; verificar a eficiência do Sequencial Organ Failure Assessment como índice prognóstico e identificar vigência de dor e suas intensidades como preditivas de mortalidade. Métodos: Estudo transversal e prospectivo em unidade de terapia intensiva clínica/cirúrgica, geral/neurológica de um hospital de nível terciário, com uma amostra de 240 pacientes. Resultados: Prevaleceram pacientes não idosos, masculinos, neurológicos, cirúrgicos, com sedação profunda. Houve maior mortalidade em pacientes com sedação profunda, dor intensa, cirúrgicos e idosos e maior tempo de internação naqueles com sedação moderada. A sedoanalgesia não suprimiu a dor, mas controlou sua intensidade, sendo o Fentanil a droga mais utilizada. O Sequencial Organ Failure Assessment não atuou como bom índice prognóstico, já a dor intensa mostrou-se como boa preditora de mortalidade. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a identificação das intensidades de dor e sedação realizada por enfermeiros através de escalas validadas, auxilia nas tomadas de decisão e baseia o adequado manejo da sedoanalgesia em unidade de terapia intensiva.

Orientador: Marlene Castro Waideman / Banca: Maria Luisa Louro de Castro Valente / Banca: Manoel Antonio dos Santos / Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em estudar aspectos da psicodinâmica familiar de mães acompanhantes de bebês prematuros, a partir de seu ponto de vista. Para tanto, foram realizados encontros com quatro mães que estavam acompanhando seus bebês num hospital público de Assis (SP), aplicando entrevista semi-estruturada e aberta, a partir de alguns itens norteadores previamente definidos. Constitui-se uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, desenvolvida através do Método Psicanalítico, tomando-se como referencial teórico os conceitos psicanalíticos e as contribuições da Teoria de Família para análise dos dados. Os resultados sugeriram a prevalência de sentimentos ambíguos quanto à prematuridade, tanto para as mães como para o grupo familiar em geral. Da mesma forma, a vivência do papel materno diante da prematuridade sugeriu ligações com a história familiar de cada uma das mães na relação com suas próprias mães. O prematuro pareceu assumir um papel regulador dentro da família. Tanto o nascimento prematuro como a vivência do processo de hospitalização, representaram fatores que podem contribuir para a continuidade do sentimento de coesão e grupalidade e para o resgate da identidade familiar. O presente estudo aponta para a importância dos processos de humanização no ambiente hospitalar, bem como para a necessidade de ampliação da atuação do psicólogo hospitalar junto à equipe multiprofissional, ao paciente e à família também na prevenção dos sofrimentos decorrentes dos processos de hospitalização. / Abstract: The objective of this research consisted in study the aspects of familiar psychodynamic of mothers accompanying premature infants, as of they point of view. Thereunto, it was performed appointments with four mothers accompanying their children in a state hospital in Assis (SP, Brazil), having an open and semi-structured interview, starting from some directional items defined previously. It was a qualitative research, developed through Psychoanalytic Method, having as theoretical reference the psychoanalytical concepts and the contributions of Family Theory in order to analyze the data. Results suggested that ambiguous feelings prevail as related to prematurity, as for mothers and for the familiar group in general. Thus, the experience of mother role before prematurity suggested bounds with familiar history of each mother in the relationship with their own mothers. The premature infant seemed to take a regulated role inside the family. The premature birth, as well as the experience of hospitalization process, represents factors which can contribute to continue the group and cohesion feeling and to rescue the familiar identity. This study indicates the importance of humanization processes in the hospital environment, as well as the need of increase hospital psychologist acting upon multi-professional team, upon the patient and the family, also as related to avoid the suffering arising from hospitalization processes. / Mestre

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A pele do bebà quando internado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN), apresenta predisposiÃÃo a ser lesionada, diante da necessidade de muitos procedimentos especÃficos, acabando por expÃ-lo a manipulaÃÃes necessÃrias, mas um tanto desgastantes para o mesmo. Objetivou-se avaliar as lesÃes de pele que acometem recÃm-nascidos internados em uma UTIN. Estudo prospectivo, quantitativo, exploratÃrio descritivo, realizado no perÃodo de marÃo a maio/2007, numa instituiÃÃo pÃblica em Fortaleza-CE. ConstituÃram o universo e a amostra 137 recÃm-nascidos, que estiveram internados nas UTIN, os quais todos foram autorizados à participaÃÃo nesta pesquisa pelos pais. Destes, 36 apresentaram lesÃes de pele. Na coleta de dados, utilizou-se um instrumento que permitiu o registro das lesÃes atravÃs da observaÃÃo direta dos recÃm-nascidos durante a higiene corporal, trocas: de fralda, de sonda, de venda ocular; retiradas: de membrana semipermeÃvel, bandagem adesiva elÃstica e/ou micropore, eletrodos, hidrocolÃide que estavam fixados diretamente na pele destes, durante as punÃÃes, dentre outros procedimentos. Investigou-se 137 recÃm-nascidos, a maioria prematuro (80%), sexo masculino (63%), nascido de parto abdominal (61%), apgar de 7 a 10 no 1 minuto (40%), diagnosticados com prematuridade moderada (49%), baixo peso ao nascer (39%), adequado para a idade gestacional (74%), medindo entre 41 e 47cm (44%). Destes, 36 recÃm-nascidos (26%) apresentaram lesÃes de pele, totalizando 51 lesÃes. Foram identificadas: hematomas (46%), eritemas (18%), escoriaÃÃes (12%), equimoses (10%), pÃstulas (6%), descamaÃÃes (4%), mielomeningocele (2%) e gastrosquise (2%). Quando ocorreram as lesÃes, os recÃm-nascidos estavam em uso de hidrataÃÃo venosa (84%), antibiÃtico (78%), ventilaÃÃo mecÃnica (53%), fototerapia (33%), nutriÃÃo parenteral (27%), hemotransfusÃo (8%), oxihood (8%), cpap nasal (6%) e O2 circulante (4%); acomodados em incubadora aquecida (86%), incubadora de transporte (10%) e em berÃo de calor radiante (4%). Predominaram lesÃes nos membros (52%), no tronco (24%), na cabeÃa (16%) e em outros (8%). As associaÃÃes realizadas foram: punÃÃo arterial (32%), extravasamento (14%), assadura (14%), punÃÃo venosa (8%), impetigo (4%), indeterminada (4%), mà formaÃÃo congÃnita (4%), retirada da membrana transparente (4%), retirada da bandagem adesiva (4%), ressecamento da pele (4%), infecÃÃo (2%), retirada da fita hipoalergÃnica (2%) e tocotraumatismo (2%). Quanto a Ãrea da lesÃo (40%) eram < 1cm2, no tamanho 68% eram lesÃes entre 1 e 2cm. A maioria tinha a forma geogrÃfica (38%) e distribuiÃÃo localizada (92%). Os recÃm-nascidos que desenvolveram lesÃes tinham diagnÃsticos de âprematuridadeâ (92%), âsÃndrome do desconforto respiratÃrioâ (43%), âasfixiaâ (24%), ârecÃm-nascido a termoâ (8%); ârisco de infecÃÃoâ (6%), ârisco de hipoglicemiaâ (6%), âgastrosquiseâ (2%) e âmielomeningoceleâ (2%). A maioria nasceu com peso entre 550 - 999g, (47%), sendo o peso destes no dia em que ocorreu a lesÃo entre 455 - 999g, (47%). A maioria eram neonatos (84%) e as lesÃes (47%) surgidas antes do 7 dia de vida. Ao associar: tipos de lesÃes, diagnÃsticos, PN e IG dos RNâs, somente o diagnÃstico âprematuridadeâ apresentou associaÃÃo estatÃstica significante: âp de Fisher-Freeman-Halton = 0,496â. Consagra-se na trajetÃria deste estudo o cuidado de enfermagem ao RN que, indiscutivelmente, deve ser holÃstico e diferenciado, considerando suas peculiaridades. / Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) often get skin lesions on account of the many stressful procedures they are exposed to. This prospective, quantitative and descriptive study was carried out at a public health facility in Fortaleza (Northeastern Brazil) from March to May 2007, in order to investigate skin lesion patterns in infants in the NICU setting. The study population consisted of 137 hospitalized infants. Informed written consent was obtained from the infantsâ caretakers. The data collection instrument registered skin lesions through direct observation during bathing, change of diapers, catheters and eye patches and during removal of semi-permeable membranes, elastic adhesive bandages and/or micropores, electrodes and hydrocolloid dressings applied to the skin during punction, among other procedures. Eighty percent of the infants were premature, 63% were male, 61% were caesarean births, 40% presented first-minute apgar scores of 7-10, 49% were diagnosed with moderate prematurity, 74% were full-term, 39% had low birth weight and 44% measured 41â47cm. Thirty-six infants had skin lesions (total 51 lesions) in the form of bruises (46%), erythema (18%), excoriation (12%), ecchymosis (10), pustulas (6%), scaling (4%), myelomeningocele (2%) or gastroschisis (2%). The lesions were inflicted while the infants were being treated with intravenous hydration (84%), antibiotics (78%), mechanical ventilation (53%), phototherapy (33%), parenteral nutrition (27%), blood transfusion (8%), oxygen hood (8%), nasal cpap (6%) or circulating oxygen (4%), or were in a heated incubator (86%), transport incubator (10%) or heated crib (4%). Lesions were observed most often on limbs (52%), torso (24%), head (16%) and other sites (8%). The causes identified were arterial puncture (32%), leaking (14%), contact dermatitis (14%), vein puncture (8%), impetigo (4%), undetermined (4%), congenital malformation (4%), removal of the caul (4%), removal of adhesive bandage (4%), skin dryness (4%), infection (2%), removal of hypoallergenic tape (2%) and birth traumatism (2%). Forty percent of lesions measured < 1cm2 and 68% measured 1-2cm. Most were well defined (38%) and/or localized (92%). Infants with lesions presented prematurity (92%), syndrome of respiratory distress (43%), asphyxia (24%), full-term delivery (8%); risk of infection (6%), risk of hypoglycemia (6%), gastroschisis (2%) or myelomeningocele (2%). Most (47%) weighed 550-999g at birth, with lesions occurring at 455-999g in 47%. Most were newborn (84%) and lesions appeared before the seventh day of life in 47% of cases. Among the parameters lesion type, diagnosis, PN, IG and prematurity, only the latter presented a statistically significant association (p=0.496, by the Fisher-Freeman-Halton test). The study shows the importance of providing the newborn with good-quality holistic nursing care with a view to the special needs of this patient population.