As discussões sobre a formação profissional em Educação Física foram assíduas em dois momentos, a saber: a década de 80 e após o ano 2000, com a consolidação do Conselho de Educação Física e ampliação de oferta de cursos de graduação e pós-graduação na área, além de significativo aumento na produção do conhecimento. Dentre os tópicos questionados, a atuação do docente universitário passou a ser questionada, especialmente no fato do ensino transmissivo pairar sobre o trabalho daquele no ensino superior. Neste cenário, críticas e apontamentos passaram a ser apresentados no intuito de melhor balizar a atuação do docente universitário em prol de uma formação mais abrangente e contextualizada às necessidades da sociedade. Apoiados na base epistemológica da Teoria da Complexidade, na inter e na transdisciplinaridade como fundamentais para balizar a operacionalização de modalidades didáticas (estratégias metodológicas, avaliação, processo ensino-aprendizagem, dentre outros) do docente do ensino superior, o presente estudo investigou no discurso de 14 docentes que ministram disciplinas de ginástica em cursos de licenciatura em Educação Física do estado de São Paulo, se aqueles princípios estavam presentes e, caso positivo, como se apresentavam na prática educativa. Os dados revelaram indícios da preocupação dos docentes com a formação de seus alunos, entretanto, a atuação ainda está enraizada em modelos tradicionalistas, com interesse na apresentação de dados e de conceitos e, não necessariamente, na reflexão e apreensão dos conhecimentos da área. A estratégia que melhor se enquadrou aos princípios educativos da base epistêmica por nós defendida referiu-se aos seminários (sem clara alusão à discussão durante o mesmo) e as apresentações, em formatos de festivais e de coreografias, pautadas nos preceitos da ginástica geral. Observamos também superficialidade nas discussões da atuação sobre a perspectiva da inter e da transdisciplinaridade, importantes para diminuir a verticalidade e fragmentação do conhecimento, que dificulta o entendimento do fenômeno que se estuda, no caso, da ginástica. Afinal, acreditamos que as aulas de ginástica nas Universidades devem permear a valorização da iniciativa e da autonomia, da imaginação e da invenção, a ação em relação ao discurso e a apropriação do saber em relação à sua transmissão / Discussions on training in physical education were assiduous in two stages, namely: the 80\'s and after 2000 with the consolidation of the Council of Physical Education and extension of offer undergraduate and postgraduate area as well as significant increase in knowledge production. Among the topics questioned the performance of the professor at the university had to be questioned, especially focusing in the transmissive teaching over that work in higher education. In this scenario, critical notes began to be presented in order to better delimit in favor of a more comprehensive training and contextualized to the needs of society. Backed by Complexity Theory, inter and transdisciplinarity as fundamental to mark the operationalization of teaching methods (methodological strategies, assessment, teaching-learning process, and others) in higher education, this study investigated the discourse of 14 professor who teach disciplines of gymnastics in undergraduate courses in Physical Education of São Paulo state, if those principles were present and, if so, how it presented in their practice. The results revealed evidence of concern of them with the education of students, however, the performance is still rooted in traditionalist models, with interest in the presentation of concepts and not necessarily reflect the knowledge and understanding of the area. The strategy that best fit the educational principles of epistemic ideas defended by us referred to the seminars (without clear reference to the discussion during the same) and the presentations in formats of festivals and performances, rooted in the precepts of general gymnastics. We also observed superficial discussions about the prospect of action of inter and transdisciplinarity, important to reduce the verticality and fragmentation of knowledge, which complicates the understanding of the phenomenon being studied, in the case of gymnastics. After all, we believe that gymnastics classes in universities should permeate the valuation of autonomy and initiative, imagination and invention, the action with discouse and the appropriation of knowledge in relation to its transmission

Apresentamos idéias geográficas contidas em Geografia é destino? (livro publicado em 2003 pelo Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento) e fontes afins. Focamos em David Landes, Jared Diamond e Jeffrey Sachs, considerados neste livro como líderes da redescoberta da geografia. Eles se diferenciam da nova geografia econômica de Paul Krugman por terem abordagens menos matemáticas e mais focadas na história, na biologia e na política, respectivamente. Diamond nos leva a Darwin, Landes discute certa noção de influência climática sobre desenvolvimento, e Sachs sintetiza essas abordagens para compor a parte geográfica de sua nova sociologia do desenvolvimento econômico. Diamond, Landes e Sachs levam, cada um por caminhos diferentes, a uma dicotomia entre zona tropical e zonas temperadas. Concluímos com algumas observações céticas acerca destas redescobertas da geografia. / We look at geographic ideas contained in Is geography destiny? (a book published in 2003 by the Inter-American Development Bank) and in related sources. We focus on David Landes, Jared Diamond and Jeffrey Sachs, who are considered as champions of the rediscovery of geography in this book. Their approaches differ from the new economic geography of Paul Krugman in being less mathematical and more focused on history, biology and policy, respectively. Diamond brings us to Darwin, Landes discusses a certain notion of climatic influence on \"development\", and Sachs makes a synthesis of the aforementioned approaches in order to compose the geographical part of his new sociology of economic development. Diamond, Landes and Sachs lead, each in different ways, to a dichotomy between the tropics and temperate zones. We conclude with some sceptical observations about these rediscoveries of geography.

Por um cunho bibliográfico, esta tese se debruça sobre as caçadas de certas etnografias da Amazônia indígena buscando compreender as relações, aí estabelecidas, entre as perspectivas da predação e da familiarização. Trata-se de um ensaio comparativo, inspirado no método lévi-straussiano da análise dos mitos, que justapõe para o cotejo e a análise as etnografias [1] da caça yudjá aos porcos, [2] da caça coletiva dos Arara, [3] dos mitos yaminawa sobre os encontros cinegéticos e [4] da caça awá-guajá aos guaribas. A análise comparativa das etnografias sustentará, nas considerações finais deste texto, uma proposta nova para o entendimento dos conceitos de predação e familiarização. / From a bibliographic imprint, the present dissertation bend on the hunting of certain ethnographies from the indigenous Amazonia, seeking for understanding the relationships, there establish, between the perspectives of predation and familiarization. This is a comparative essay, inspired by Lévi-Straussian method for the analysis, which juxtaposes for collation and review the ethnographies [1] of Yudjá hunting to pigs, [2] the collective hunting of the Arara people, [3] the Yaminawa\'s myths of hunting and [4] the Awá-Guajá hunting to howler monkeys. At the ultimate remarks of this manuscript, the comparative analysis of the ethnografies will sustain a different proposal to comprehend the concepts of predation and familiarization.

A pesquisa tem o objetivo de registrar e analisar períodos importantes e inovadores das artes cênicas - com ênfase em dança - em que foram desenvolvidas propostas interlinguagens, concentrando-se em duas experiências vivenciadas por mim na década de 1970: o Mudra (Centro Europeu de Aperfeiçoamento e Pesquisa dos Intérpretes do Espetáculo), dirigido pelo coreógrafo Maurice Béjart em Bruxelas, na Bélgica, do qual fui integrante da primeira turma em 1970 e que desembocou na fundação do grupo Chandra (Teatro de Pesquisa de Bruxelas); e o Teatro de Dança Galpão, berço da dança contemporânea em São Paulo e do qual fui responsável pela primeira montagem, Caminhada (1974), e pela última, De pernas para o ar (1981), em parceria com o diretor teatral Maurice Vaneau, nos primórdios da fusão de procedimentos singulares próprios à dança e ao teatro. A linguagem investigativa praticada no Galpão desencadeou um movimento que transformou o modo de se conceber e construir a estrutura de peças coreográficas, e os resultados dessa experiência ecoam até a atualidade. O ciclo de sete anos de existência desse grupo ocorreu durante o período da ditadura civil-militar brasileira e também da contracultura, tornando-se refúgio de um público atento e curioso. O período corresponde ao interstício entre as vanguardas modernistas tardias e o pós-modernismo. A hipótese levantada é a de um procedimento específico interlinguagens com foco na dança que aliou investigação estética e participação política. O processo interlinguagens é um derivado coreográfico das visões de Antonin Artaud e tem como protagonista o corpo concebido como um processo em devir. Aliado ao movimento, relaciona tempo e espaço por meio da mutação, instaurando uma dramaturgia poética cinestésica. Pensar a questão do tempo vai remeter às noções de experiência e memória. Elejo o método da descrição associado à análise e problematização, em um procedimento hermenêutico, que inclui explicação e interpretação. Presentificam-se ainda propostas técnicas praticadas, frutos da fusão interlinguagens e de estudos somáticos recentes, resultando na elaboração da Técnica Orgânica, uma opção para o treinamento do performer. O objetivo é o de oferecer uma contribuição pessoal aos estudos e reflexões aos múltiplos praticantes e pensadores da dança no Brasil, cujo número é crescente, bem como fornecer uma referência à constituição de currículos de departamentos de Dança, acadêmicos ou não. / The research aims to record and analyze important and innovative periods of the performing arts ? with an emphasis on dance ? in which inter-languages proposals were developed, focusing on two experiences that I experienced in the 1970s: the Mudra (European Center for the Improvement and Research of Performing Artists), directed by the choreographer Maurice Béjart in Brussels, Belgium, of which I was a member of the first group in 1970 and which led to the founding of the Chandra Group (Brussels Research Theater); and the Teatro de Dança Galpão, the cradle of contemporary dance in São Paulo, where I was responsible for the first installation, Walk (1974), and the last one, Legs to the Air (1981), in partnership with theatrical director Maurice Vaneau, in the beginnings of the fusion of singular procedures proper to the dance and the theater. The investigative language practiced in the Galpão unleashed a movement that transformed the way of conceiving and constructing the structure of choreographic pieces, and the results of this experience echo until the present time. The cycle of seven years of existence of this group occurred during the period of the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship and lso of the counterculture, becoming a refuge for an attentive and curious public. The period corresponds to the intersection between late modernist vanguards and postmodernism. The hypothesis raised is that of a specific inter-languages procedure focusing on dance that allied aesthetic research and political participation. The inter-languages process is a choreographic derivative of the visions of Antonin Artaud and has as protagonist the body conceived as a process in becoming. Allied to the movement, it relates time and space through mutation, establishing a kinesthetic poetic dramaturgy. Thinking about the question of time will refer to the notions of experience and memory. I choose the description method associated with analysis and questioning, in an hermeneutic procedure, which includes explanation and interpretation. Presented techniques are also practiced, fruits of inter-languages fusion and recent somatic studies, resulting in the elaboration of the Organic Technique, an option for the training of the performer. The objective is to offer a personal contribution to the studies and reflections of the many dance practitioners and thinkers in Brazil, whose number is increasing, as well as provide a reference to the formation of curricula of Dance departments, academic or otherwise.

A problemática fundamental desta pesquisa está alicerçada na falta de um modelo conceitual de análise da aplicação da Gestão de Custos Interorganizacionais, visto que os autores pesquisados não propõem um modelo conceitual definido. Assim, o que se fez nesse trabalho foi, através de uma análise crítica e argumentativa, sistematizar o conhecimento sobre Gestão de Custos Interorganizacionais e comparar a aderência dos fatores condicionantes, reportados na literatura, com observações realizadas em duas cadeias de organizações distintas. Desse modo, o estudo desenvolveu um exercício cientifico formal, organizando e sistematizando uma estrutura teórica. Tendo como elemento metodológico predominante o estudo de caso, realizou-se uma análise em duas cadeias de organizações que estão no setor de prestação de serviços corporativos. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, utilizou-se de diversas fontes de dados e informações: levantamento bibliográfico, roteiro de entrevistas, observação direta e análise de relatórios. Como resultado verificou-se que os fatores condicionantes são cinco: produtos, componentes, níveis de relacionamento, tipos de cadeia e mecanismos. A pesquisa também relacionou esses fatores teóricos com as práticas das duas empresas alvo deste estudo. / The fundamental approach of this research lies on the lack of a conceptual model designed to analyze the application of the Interorganizational Cost Management as the authors researched fail to propose a defined conceptual model. As a consequence, this research, through argumentative and critical reviews, systematizes the knowledge of the Interorganizational Cost Management and checks the adherence to the conditioning factors, as reported in the literature, against the findings from two chains of distinct organizations. Accordingly, the study developed a formal scientific exercise by arranging and systemizing a theoretical framework. Based on case studies as the prevailing methodological element, a study was conducted on two chains of organizations operating in the segment of corporate service provision. So as to meet the proposed goal, several sources of data and information were used: bibliography survey, interview plan, direct observation and report review. As a result, five conditioning factors have been found out: products, components, relation levels, types of chains and mechanisms. The research has also related such theoretical factors to the procedures adopted by the two companies addressed herein.

Esta tese tem como objetivo a análise de fontes escritas nos contextos das missões jesuítas estabelecidas na corte mogol e no Tibete. Abordamos também a presença da Ordem em Bengala, tecendo relações entre esse espaço e as missões supracitadas. Nosso recorte cronológico cobre o período de 1570 até 1721, isto é, iniciamos nossas investigações na década que antecede o estabelecimento dos religiosos na corte de Akbar, e encerramos nossas análises no ano em que Ippolito Desideri deixa Lhasa. Concentramo-nos principalmente na questão da necessária relação entre as estratégias de conversão adotadas nessas missões e a (re) elaboração de categorias que indicassem e respaldassem o diálogo, a persuasão e o convencimento como os mais prudentes métodos catequéticos / In this thesis, we aim to analyze written sources produced by jesuits stablished at the Mughal court and in Tibet. We shall also approach the presence of the Order in Bengal, weaving relations between this space and the aforementioned missions. Our chronological limits concerns the period from 1570 to 1721, i.e., we began our investigations in the decade preceding the establishment of the jesuits in Akbars court, and resume our survey in Ippolito Desideris last year in Lhasa. We focus mainly on the necessary relationship between the conversion strategies adopted in these missions and the (re) elaboration of categories that indicate dialogue and persuasion as the most prudent catechetical method

This dissertation is about the in/stability over time of a contract-based inter-organizational relationship (IOR) which existed mostly under conditions of government monopsony (MG). The MG consisted of the institutional arrangements between the NHS and Higher Education sectors in England for the provision of education for the NHS non-medical professional workforce. The IOR was between the NHS education buyer (the ‘GM’) and Middlesex University (MU). An agent-centred historical institutionalism was used as the overall approach in the inquiry. The main components of the approach were resource dependence theory, concepts of historical dependence, and events in the IOR and its institutional and organizational environments. A multi-dimensional concept of IOR in/stability from the standpoints of the GM and MU which was grounded in the practices of the IOR was constructed. The inquiry traced the origins and subsequent development of the MG and the in/stability of the IOR over an 18 year period, 1995 - 2013. The main findings of the inquiry were: (1) The IOR originated in, and continued to exist mostly under conditions of MG (2) The IOR became less stable over time from the standpoint of MU; reductions in IOR stability occurred in dimensions of risk relating to the future performance of the IOR (3) Instability and threatened instability in the IOR were brought about mostly by the exercise of power by the GM and by the power dependence responses of MU. The thesis developed in the dissertation is that instability and threatened instability in the IOR were due mostly to a power imbalance in the IOR, in favour of the GM, between the GM and MU. The source of that power imbalance was a combination of: • The resource dependency of MU on the IOR • The conditions of MG and bilateral monopoly under which the IOR existed. The dissertation is concluded with a critique of MG as a technique for public sector management. Recommendations are made for new NHS-HE inter-sector and IOR arrangements to be established which take account of power imbalances and relations of mutual dependence between stakeholders. Recommendations for further research are also made.

Historically, many higher education institutions have been structurally and culturally compartmentalised and subunits such as continuing education have been marginalised, merged or divested. In response to a variety of external phenomena, some higher education institutions are re-examining their internal and external relationships, including the relationship between their academic and continuing education units. This research examines the efforts of a higher education institution in the United Arab Emirates to improve its overall effectiveness by changing the nature of the relationship between its academic and continuing education units. A review of theory- and practice-based higher education, organisational culture and inter-/intra-organisational relationship literature revealed significant support for each partner's goals for the new relationship and was used to provide the parties with a series of recommendations for successful formulation, actualisation and governance. These results add to the literature and practice of higher education and continuing higher education, particularly in the area of relationship-building among organisational subunits and subcultures.

This research investigates the relationship between guanxi and Corporate Community Involvement (CCI) in the Chinese business environment. The thesis provides valuable insights into the motivation and management of CCI in China where the institutional and cultural context is radically different from the Western contexts. This thesis also places CCI in the context of guanxi and thus bridges the literatures on CCI and guanxi. Strategic motivation and management of CCI has been studied extensively in the context of Western countries. However, the extant literature offers limited insights into the motivation and management of CCI in the Chinese business environment. The Chinese business environment is characterised by a comparatively poor legal system and weak property rights. In such an environment guanxi – a system of personal connections that carry long-term social obligations – are held to play a significant role in business relationships in China. Earlier studies have found that guanxi is able to influence a variety of corporate behaviours. Nevertheless, no attempt has been made to investigate how CCI may have been influenced by guanxi in China. This research develops a conceptual model and six propositions, which explain how CCI is strategically tailored to initiate guanxi, and furthermore, facilitate inter-organisational relationship development through such guanxi in China. Based on an empirical case analysis of 148 CCI projects from three types of company; foreign, state-owned, and private, this research explores the relationship between CCI and guanxi and tests the conceptual model and propositions. The empirical data was collected deploying face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with 65 companies (30 foreign companies, 9 state-owned companies, and 26 private companies) in China. The findings indicate that foreign companies’ and private companies’ CCI are motivated by guanxi development. Their CCI behaviours are strategically tailored to initiate guanxi with key stakeholders, and in particular with stakeholders who possess strong governmental backgrounds; and Chinese state-owned companies’ CCI behaviours are subject to little influence of guanxi development. While foreign companies used guanxi to facilitate their inter-organisational relationship development, private companies used guanxi to obtain formal institutional supports. From the findings, the conclusion is drawn that guanxi plays a significant role in motivating CCI engagement and shaping CCI behaviours in China, and, through such guanxi, CCI can be employed to facilitate inter-organisational relationship building and obtain formal institutional support.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T22:00:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 12 / Nenhuma / O cooperativismo de crédito vem demonstrando um expressivo crescimento na última década no Rio Grande do Sul e neste sentido, o Sistema de Crédito Cooperativo – SICREDI RS tem contribuído significativamente para esse desenvolvimento. Constituído, atualmente, por 55 cooperativas e 447 Unidades de Atendimento, o SICREDI RS está presente atualmente em mais de 400 municípios e conta com mais de 700.000 associados. O vigoroso crescimento apresentado pelo SICREDI RS a partir de 1995 despertou o interesse pelo estudo das principais causas que estão contribuindo para tal. Desta forma, buscou-se verificar como os princípios cooperativos, em especial o da democracia e da intercooperação, estão sendo respeitados e qual a influência do Banco Central do Brasil na profissionalização da gestão das suas cooperativas. A pesquisa é considerada do tipo exploratório-descritiva, elaborada através de um estudo de caso. Para tanto, fez uso da análise de documentos e relatórios do SICREDI RS desde a sua fundação e, posteriormente, f / The credit cooperative has demonstrated an expressive growth in last decade in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, and, in this matter, the Sistema de Crédito Cooperativo – SICREDI RS has contributed for this development considerably. SICREDI RS, which is constituted by 55 cooperatives and 447 branches, is present in more than 400 cities and has more than 700.000 members. Since 1995, SICREDI RS strong growth has interested people in studying the main causes that have contributed for its development. In this context, this paper has the objective of verifying how the cooperative principles, specially the democracy and the inter-cooperation, are being respected and what is the influence of Banco Central do Brasil (Brazilian Central Bank) in the professionalism of cooperatives management. It is an exploratory descriptive research, elaborated through a case study. For that, it was analyzed documents and reports of SICREDI RS since its constitution e, after, the members, the managers, the board of directors and the sta