Thesis (Ph. D.)--ha-Universiṭah ha-ʻIvrit bi-Yerushalayim, Jerusalem, 1983. / "Ittur sofrim (Sefer ha-ittur) of R. Isaac b. Abba Mari"--Added t.p. Includes bibliographical references (vol. 1, p. 164-167) and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Philosophy, Dec. 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 260-280) Also available on the Internet.

Belén Gopegui (1963) et Isaac Rosa (1974) sont deux romanciers espagnols connus pour leur engagement politique avec la gauche radicale. Après avoir situé les deux auteurs sur l’échiquier culturel espagnol, nous étudierons leur oeuvre romanesque en l’inscrivant dans la lignée du réalisme combatif défendue par Bertold Brecht. Les chapitres centraux de la thèse s’articulent autour de trois questions: quelles histoires racontent Gopegui et Rosa et dans quel but ?; quelles sont les formes narratives qu’ils privilégient ? ; quelle est la nature véritable du pacte qu’ils ont établi avec le lecteur ? La première interrogation permettra de voir que les auteurs remettent en question les récits dominants, en particulier, celui de la transition à la démocratie. La seconde permettra d’étudier l’évolution conceptuelle des deux auteurs et de préciser ce qui différencie leur style. L’analyse du pacte de lecture permettra finalement de mettre en évidence les moyens axiologiques mis en oeuvre par les auteurs afin de guider le lecteur. Chercher à comprendre leur engagement à la lumière des développements socio-historiques et culturels du pays et des avatars de la gauche sera l’objet de la conclusion / Belén Gopegui and Isaac Rosa are two Spanish novelists famous for their radical left-wing engagement. I study their novels to determine how their political ideas are expressed esthetically. After placing them within the Spanish narrative context, I analyse their novels as a continuation of Bertolt Brecht's combative realism. In the two main chapters, I answer three questions: What stories do Gopegui and Rosa tell and with what aim?; What narrative forms do they favour?; and What kind of relationship do they build with the reader? The first will show how both authors question dominant tales, especially those of the transition to democracy. The second one will emphasize stylistic differences and the evolution of their styles. Finally, we will see how Gopegui and Rosa beg for a critical reading while setting up an axiological system to channels it. I end by examining their political engagement in relation to the socio-historical and cultural developments of Spain and the avatars of institutional left-wing movements and parties

A compreensão da Ciência como um empreendimento dinâmico e em constante transformação tem se tornado uma das mais importantes metas da educação científica nos últimos anos. É quase senso comum que discussões sobre a Natureza da Ciência (NdC) sejam incorporadas nos currículos de ciências. De uma forma geral, a NdC pode ser definida como um arcabouço de saberes sobre as bases ou princípios epistemológicos envolvidos na construção do conhecimento científico. Uma das maneiras de se ensinar NdC é a discussão de episódios da História da Ciência. Nesse trabalho, analisamos em detalhes o desenvolvimento, a repercussão e a aceitação da óptica newtoniana; particularmente, estudamos sua popularização na Europa do início do século XVIII, principalmente na Grã-Bretanha. Neste período ocorreram mudanças sociais e culturais significativas, entre elas, a valorização da Filosofia Natural e seus produtos, o estabelecimento da mecânica e óptica newtonianas e da imagem de Isaac Newton como um representante da genuína filosofia natural. Assim, na época, foram selecionados e incorporados aos tratados de física apenas aspectos de sua óptica que evidenciavam o caráter indutivista e que ao mesmo tempo podiam ser conciliados com sua mecânica. A partir deste estudo histórico, aspectos da NdC podem ser explicitamente discutidos, por exemplo, a questão da inexistência de um método científico universal, a influência do contexto e do prestígio do pesquisador em questão na aceitação ou rejeição de suas idéias, o caráter provisório do conhecimento científico, a importância da maneira como as idéias são apresentadas, entre outras coisas. Este tipo de discussão é relevante para diversos âmbitos da formação de professores, favorecendo a construção de uma imagem adequada da Ciência de um modo geral. / Currently, there is a general agreement that Nature of Science (NOS) aspects must be included in science curriculums. The present dissertation analyzes in details the development, the repercussion and the acceptance of Newtonian optics; with particular emphasis on its popularization in early 18th century in Europe, especially in Great Britain. In this period, significant social and cultural changes occurred, among them the valorization of Natural Philosophy and its products, the establishment of Newtonian mechanics, optics and Isaac Newton\'s image as genuine representative of Natural Philosophy. As consequence, only Newtonian optics aspects that evidenced the inductivism and could be conciliated with his mechanics were incorporated in 18th century natural philosophy books. From this historical study, NOS aspects can be explicitly discussed, for instance, the inexistence of an universal scientific method, the influence of social context and how the prestige of a scientist biases the acceptance of her/his ideas, the temporary character of scientific knowledge, the relevance of how ideas are communicated, among other topics. The present work is important for teacher training courses, since it provides adequate view of Science development.

I studien utforskas hur man kan använda andra musikers tolkningar som inspiration i sin inter- pretationsprocess. Tre tolkningar av ett gitarrstycke, Sevilla ur Suite Española Op. 47 av Isaac Albéniz, analyseras och imiteras av interpreten varefter en ny tolkning av stycket skapas. Ge- nom ljud- och videoanalys ges en inblick i hur arbetet fortgår. Resultaten visar att författaren till denna studie upplevde sig haft en felaktig förutfattad mening angående de valda tolkning- arna i avseende på tempo och klangfärg. Efter studien hade författaren utvecklat verktyg för att analysera olika interpretationer samt blivit mer medveten om frågor som kan uppstå vid konstnärliga val kring tolkning av ett musikstycke. / The study explores how one can use other musicians' interpretations as inspiration in one's own interpretation process. Three interpretations of a guitar piece, Seville from Suite Española Op. 47 by Isaac Albéniz, is analyzed and imitated by the performer after which a new interpretation of the piece is created. Audio and video analysis gives an insight into how the work is progress- ing. The results show that the author of this study felt he had a wrong preconceived notion regarding the chosen interpretations in terms of tempo and timbre. After the study, the author had developed tools to analyze different interpretations and became more aware of questions that may arise in artistic choices regarding the interpretation of a piece of music.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:47:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosemary de Paula Leite Carter.pdf: 2396365 bytes, checksum: 02308ac50a48da6354e5fa042873c800 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-10 / This thesis has the purpose to investigate Monteiro Lobato's expectations and interests in relation to the publishing of his literary works in North-America with a broader number of readers and a larger book circulation. We will specially focus on Brazilian Short Stories, Series Little Blue Books, nº 733, published by Haldeman-Julius Company in 1925. The pioneer role of the North-American literary critic Isaac Goldberg (1887-1938) as a go-between and organizer of some Brazilian literary works of Art as well as of some Lobato's earliest published material in The United States of America will also be pursued. We also aim to examine the accomplishments of two transpositions of the short story O Engraçado Arrependido into English. The literary works are: "The Penitent Wag" in Brazilian Short Stories, Little Blue Book nº 733, by Haldeman Julius Company (1925) and The Funny Man Who Repented published in A World Of Great Stories by Crown Publisher(1947). In order to attain this target we intend to compare the text in Portuguese (9th edition, Urupês, 1923), with the mentioned transpositions into English in 1925 and 1947. / Este trabalho discutirá, num primeiro momento, expectativas e interesses do escritor Monteiro Lobato (1882-1948) em relação à publicação, no idioma inglês, de seus contos no mercado livreiro norte-americano que dispunha, na ocasião, de um contingente maior de leitores. Destacaremos, primeiramente, a obra Brazilian Short Stories, Série Little Blue Books nº. 733, lançada pela editora Haldeman Julius em 1925. A pesquisa pretende, também, investigar o papel do crítico literário norte-americano Isaac Goldberg (1887-1938) estacando o pioneirismo de seu papel como intermediário e divulgador de obras da literatura brasileira nos Estados Unidos, nas primeiras décadas do século XX. Num segundo momento, será objeto de análise duas transposições do conto "O Engraçado Arrependido", nona edição de Urupês, 1923, que neste trabalho será a obra cotejada como texto de partida, com os dois textos de chegada em língua inglesa: "The Penitent Wag", publicado em Brazilian Short Stories (1925), pela Haldeman-Julius Company e "The Funny-Man Who Repented", título dado ao conto na coletânea A World Of Great Stories (1947), publicada pela Crown Publishers Inc.

Introdution: The ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) protocol has shown heterogeneous results regarding asthma prevalence around the world in the last twenty years. These figures including the risk factors analysis, are very important for the understanding of asthma epidemiology. Methods: Asthma prevalence and risk factors associated were determinate using ISAAC protocol in public and private schools of Aracaju, Northeast of Brazil. Three thousand and nine students between 13 and 14 years old participated in the study within a random sample of 70 schools using the question about wheezing in the last 12 months. From the initial number of students, 430 adolescents from 35 selected schools were submitted to skin prick test and a questionnaire assessing risk factors. A correlation analysis using chi-square to define p-value and subsequently the multivariated analysis using Poisson regression. The study was approved by local ethical committee and full informed consent for participation was obtained from parents or guardians. Results: Asthma prevalence in Aracaju was 12,8% (data from 2005 showed 18,7%). Indoor allergens sensitization was not associated with current wheezing, but was significant when associated with cumulative asthma and physician diagnosed asthma. The allergens more frequently positively associated were dust mites. Having a dog outside home Prevalence Ratio (PR)=0,93 (CI95% 0,88-0,98); p=0,018 and having an older sibling PR=0,94 (CI95% 0,91-0,98); p=0,005 were defined as a likely protective factor for current wheezing and exposure to second-hand cigarette smoke PR=1,04 (CI95%= 1,00-1,09);p=0,039 was defined as a possible positive risk factor. Conclusion: Current prevalence data is significantly lower than 2005 in Aracaju and reached one of the lowest rates in Brazil s Northeast. The associated factors strengthen smoking association with asthma, besides support the Hygiene Hypothesis. / Intodução: Os instrumentos do estudo ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) têm revelado, nos últimos 20 anos, dados heterogêneos nos índices de prevalência de asma ao redor do mundo e a repetição dessas medidas associada à análise de fatores associados têm fornecido material fundamental para se conhecer melhor a epidemiologia desta doença. Os objetivos foram estimar prevalência da asma e sua evolução temporal, além de conhecer o perfil local de sensibilização atópica e identificar fatores associados à asma. Métodos: Através dos questionários validados e testes alérgicos, o protocolo ISAAC foi o método usado para detecção de prevalência de asma e análise de risco nas escolas de Aracaju, Sergipe, Brasil. Participaram 3009 alunos de 13 a 14 anos das 70 escolas sorteadas utilizando a questão sobre presença de sibilos nos últimos 12 meses para definição de prevalência de asma. Posteriormente, a partir do contingente inicial, foram sorteados 430 adolescentes de 35 escolas para teste com aeroalérgenos e análise de risco. Trata-se de estudo observacional transversal analítico e para correlação e associação entre variáveis nominais utilizou-se o teste χ2 (qui-quadrado) de Pearson e entre nominais e ordinais utilizou-se o Teste ρ de Spearman. A partir das variáveis selecionadas, para as análises univariada e multivariada entre os possíveis fatores e a asma, utilizou-se da regressão de Poisson modificada com definição de razão de prevalência (RP). Resultados: A prevalência de asma em Aracaju foi de 12,8% (era 18,7% em 2005). A sensibilização a ácaros da poeira foi a de maior prevalência e a atopia não foi um fator significativo associado à asma ativa, mas obteve significância com asma cumulativa e com diagnóstico médico de asma. Definiu-se como fatores de proteção a asma ativa a presença de cão fora do domicílio RP= 0,93 (IC95% 0,88 0,98); p= 0,018 e presença de irmão mais velho RP= 0,94 (IC95% 0,91 0,98); p= 0,005 e como fator de risco a presença de fumantes no domicílio RP= 1,04 (IC95%= 1,00 1,09); p= 0,039. Conclusões: Os dados de prevalência atual são significativamente menores que os de 2005 nesta cidade e atingiu um dos índices mais baixos do nordeste brasileiro. E os fatores associados reforçam o malefício do tabagismo em relação à asma, além de inferirem alguma concordância com a Hipótese da Higiene.

On prétend éprouver dans cette étude l'hypothèse suivante : le retour, dans le roman espagnol récent, d'un courant défendant ouvertement la puissance critique et politique de l'écriture littéraire. Saisie à la fois comme discours social et comme forme du savoir, la littérature serait dès lors porteuse de dissensus et potentiellement transformatrice. Cette tendance à contre-Courant, si elle reste minoritaire, n'en est pas moins profondément significative. Au plan esthétique, la revendication des notions de responsabilité, d'intentionnalité et de politicité de l'écriture n'implique pas de recourir à la transparence et au monologisme du roman à thèse. Elle induit plutôt un réinvestissement paradoxal des formes brisées du postmodernisme littéraire, situant la fiction politique du côté de la problématisation des canons et des normes, de la dénaturalisation, de la désidentification et du décentrement, de la critique des partages établis ou de la perturbation des places, plutôt que dans la certitude monolithe et l'imposition autoritaire du message. Sur cette inscription générique paradoxale s'articule un nouveau réalisme critique, qui problématise à l'envie l'injonction mimétique tout en revendiquant l'héritage du grand roman social. Au plan théorique et rhétorique, l'adoption d'une posture maximaliste où se donnent à lire les fondements conceptuels de l'engagement classique – interventionnisme, historicisme, injonction au positionnement, projet de dévoilement – s'accompagne d'un rejet de la catégorie d'écriture engagée, à laquelle les auteurs préfèrent d'autres vocables – écriture résistante, révolutionnaire ou responsable. À la croisée du roman mémoriel et de la fiction politique – deux tendances dont on analysera les jeux de recouvrement –, notre corpus d'étude se compose de treize romans de trois écrivains représentatifs de ce courant : Alfons Cervera, Belén Gopegui et Isaac Rosa, trois romanciers dont l'œuvre semble indiquer l'émergence d'un nouveau paradigme esthétique dont on se propose d'analyser les enjeux formels, théoriques et institutionnels. / I intend to verify in this study the following hypothesis : the resurgence, in the recent Spanish novel, of a trend openly defending the critical and political power of literary writing. Seen both as a social discourse and as a form of knowledge, literature would therefore be the bearer of dissent and would be potentially transformative. This tendency against the current, while remaining minor, is nevertheless profoundly significant. As far as aesthetics is concerned, the claim of notions such as responsibility, intentionality and politicality of writing does not imply a resort to the transparency and monologism of the thesis novel. This new trend rather implies a paradoxical reinvestment of the shattered forms of literary postmodernism; it sets political fiction along with problematizing canons and norms, denaturalizing, de-Identifying, decentralizing, and criticizing the established categories or reregulating all representations of places. This trend does not allude to a monolithic conviction or an authoritative imposition of a message. From this paradoxical and generic inscription emerges a new critical realism, which problematizes over and over again the mimetic injunction while claiming the heritage of the great social novel. From a theoretical and rhetorical point of view, the adoption of a maximalist position in which one can read the conceptual foundations of classical engagement – interventionism, historicism, the injunction to take a stand, the project of unveiling – goes along with the rejection of the category of engaged literature, to which the authors prefer other terms – resistance, revolutionary or responsible writing. At the crossroads of the memorial novel and political fiction – two tendencies which I shall analyze for movements of coincidence – the corpus of my study is composed of thirteen novels by three writers representative of this new current : Alfons Cervera, Belén Gopegui and Isaac Rosa, three novelists whose works seem to indicate the emergence of a new aesthetic paradigm of political and literary engagement in today's Spanish novel which I shall analyze the formal, theoretical and institutional stakes.

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This dissertation adds to the discussion of historical memory in Spain regarding the Spanish Civil War and the Franco dictatorship by examining three texts published between 2000 and 2004: Las esquinas del aire: En busca de Ana María Martínez Sagi (2000) by Juan Manuel de Prada; Soldados de Salamina (2001) by Javier Cercas; and El vano ayer (2004) by Isaac Rosa. I argue that these texts exemplify a unique tendency in the literature of historical memory that articulates the act of remembering through new narrative and ethical postures born of what I term journalistic affect. This dissertation identifies the tendency beginning in the early 2000s for fiction to articulate the act of remembering through the compilation and examination of truth objects. Not only do the truth objects shape the narrative of these novels, endowing the act of remembering with real-world consequences, but also the truths are embodied in objects thereby locating them outside the framework of contestable speech acts. Moreover, the search for and collection of these objects operate within a journalistic epistemological framework in that the authors or protagonists use the truth(s) embodied in one object to locate another, resulting in the act of assembling a constellation of embodied truths and the shaping of a more holistic understanding of the individual that is the aim of the search. The protagonists in these novels have to search for the modernizing discourses that never took root in a Francoist Spain that never entirely faded away, never had an overt counter-revolution, and never proved itself completely criminal on the public stage the way other nationalist dictatorships in Europe and Latin America had. They show us a Spain that has to catch up with discourses about ethnicity, gender (homosexuality), rural/urban spaces in modernization, and an historical iconography for nationhood that had not essentially been renovated since the mid 1960s. As such, the individuals in these works see an inherent lack in the Europeanized Spain that has been culturally colonized by the continent, a situation that engenders a need to reevaluate a national subject position largely frozen since 1939. / text