The main goal of this thesis was to determine how projects Echo24 and Reporter work with journalistic photography using comparative analysis of their visual content. Both projects were found in 2014 as a reaction to a dramatical change of ownership of the Czech media. These changes also had an impact on journalistic photographers, because the new owners tend to save their costs on photography. This is also one of the reasons why I chose to analyze projects that started in 2014. To explain the broader context, in the first part of this thesis I describe the context of journalistic photography and the Czech media market development from the year 1989. In this work, I also describe other projects similar to Echo24 and Reportér. In the second part of the thesis, I use quantitative content analysis to describe the usage of the photographs in the printed version of Echo24 and Reportér. I also compare the collected data with answers from questionnaires with members of the editorial of the projects and photojournalists. In this paper, I found out that the project Echo24 represents the opposite approach towards photography than Reportér. Echo24, like other media, tends to save their cost on photography. Reportér on the other side can be defined as the protector of journalistic and photojournalistic values....

This thesis examined the contemporary U.S. popular culture, specifically the Netflix series House of Cards, and the analysis was focused on the representation of the media reality portrayed in the first two seasons of the series. The credibility of given model situations or their exaggeration is examined based on thirteen research interviews with Czech and American journalists in March, April, and May 2020. The public trust in media, the influence of popular culture on mass society, specifics and ethics of investigative journalism, and broadly the representation of media in cinematography were presented in the first part. The analysis of the portrayal of journalists and media in the series and research interviews with experts followed. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the credibility of the portrayal of journalists. The secondary research question was focused on the public trust in media and the potential harm that the depiction in culture might cause. The views of Czech and American journalists on the portrayal of media in popular culture and the discussion about their diverse opinions are the primary asset of this thesis. The results prove that the perception of ethics and journalistic behaviour in given specific situations differ individually. Therefore, aspects such as...

Journalism is an ever-changing profession that is right now getting increasingly impacted by advancements in technology. These advancements make it easier, faster, and possibly safer to conduct journalism. At the same time, journalists are subjected to threats, and while some level of safety comes with digital advancements, they might also provide opportunities for reaching and threatening journalists that were not possible just a few years ago. This requires journalists to stay up to date on technological advancements in order to mitigate threats.  This thesis is based on interviews with five journalists whose work put them in or near danger and utilizes an inductive approach to iteratively study the data and analyze it using existing frameworks to categorize tactics used by journalists. This study identifies three larger categories of threats that journalists are subjected to, and the measures taken to defend against these threats with a special focus on the digital technologies at their disposal. It finds that the tactics vary depending on the source of the threats and range from being non-violent, to legitimate threats on journalists’ lives. In response, journalists use tactics to remain under the radar of danger, or to find safety using low-tech tools and to even use digital tools as an opportunity to conduct journalism that would otherwise be out of their reach. The study concludes that rather than categorizing journalists, it is better to categorize their actions in order to see them as changeable and possible to be used as reactions to threats.

The starting point of this essay is an attempt to establish if Marika Stjernstedt was present in the French press at the beginning of the XXIth century. If this is the case, how did the newspaper journalists of this period described her personality? Is that in positive or negative terms? What were the main subjects they wrote about? Which of her books or articles have aroused a lot of interest? How did they introduce her and her culture quite unknown at this epoch in France? Have these journalists conveyed the same stereotyped pictures of the North and the Northerners? Or did they replace them with accurate ones?  The analysis is based on eighty-five articles released in the French press between 1914 and 1954. Our principal aim is to show if a famous female Swedish journalist and writer could become a well-known person in a foreign country, using the French language. Because of the sexism we are tempted to think that women were kept out of the celebrity. We assume that some of them were published but their publications were smaller in numbers if we compare them to men’s publications.

Is it possible to cover an issue as a journalist to the extent that you are practically a human rights activist, and still contribute to its continuation by unconsciously upholding the values causing the issue? This study asks the question if journalists help or hinder the elimination of female genital mutilation (FGM), and puts forth the thesis that journalists as a collective in fact are affecting the development more negatively through their attitudes than positively through their actions. The study consists of a theoretical analysis connecting to patriarchy and post-colonialism, and a field study from Tanzania where journalists are interviewed. The theoretical results show a clear connection between patriarchal values and FGM, and that if a journalist upholds these values she will not be as inclined to see the victim of FGM as a subaltern, she will be more likely to generalize the groups status and characteristics and she will be caught in between traditional and modern values. If a journalist ascribes to more traditional values when it comes to the difference between the genders, her attitudes will to some extent be counterproductive to the work she does when she covers FGM with the intention to prevent it. The field study supports this by showing that awareness about gender inequality and FGM does not necessarily mean awareness of patriarchal structures and how they affect men, women and traditions. One journalist can make a significant difference, but if she is a part of a journalist collective with strong, patriarchal values her efforts might not be sufficient to help in changing the overall development of FGM.

Thesis (PhD )--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated the political role of the City Press. black journalists in post-apartheid South Africa. Taking into consideration its ownership by a white media company, the study investigated the role played by African cultural values in the execution of their tasks with a particular focus on the period 1994 to 2004. The interest in the role played by African cultural values in the execution of the City Press. black journalists. tasks, and in the issue of the newspaper.s white ownership, was driven by an observation that historically, the trajectory of black newspapers was to a great extent influenced by the interests and values of the owners. The issue of ownership was of interest also because the black political elite frequently accused black journalists in South Africa of undermining the ANC government so as to please the white owners of the newspapers they worked for. Also, taking into consideration that the City Press played a conscious role in the struggle against apartheid, the study sought to investigate the role the City Press defined for its journalists in post-apartheid South Africa, specifically in the first decade after 1994. Three theoretical frameworks were deemed applicable in this study, namely Liberal- Pluralism, Political Economy, and Afrocentric theories on the media.s political role in society. The first was chosen on the basis of its theorisation on the political role of the media. The second was chosen on the basis of its analysis of the link between the performance of the media and ownership, although that is not the only issue Political Economy deals with. The third was chosen on the basis of its focus on African historical and cultural issues. The study has employed qualitative research methods, namely content analysis and interviews. It has a quantitative aspect in that it involved the counting of the City Press. editorials, columns and opinion pieces, as an indication of how many journalistic pieces were analysed. The period of this study ends in 2004 in the year that the City Press was re-launched as a ¡°Distinctly African¡± newspaper. The ¡°Distinctly African¡± concept had both cultural and political implications for the City Press. journalists. This study covers some of these aspects in a limited way since the research period ends in the year 2004. The research found that in post-apartheid South Africa, the City Press. black journalists. political role was to make sure that the objectives of the anti-apartheid struggle were achieved. It also established that the City Press. black journalists executed their tasks independently without interference from their newspaper.s white owners. The study also established that some of the newspaper.s black journalists experienced tensions between what they perceived as expectations of journalism and what they perceived as the prescriptions of African culture. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het die volgende ondersoek: die politieke rol van die City Press se swart joernaliste in post-apartheid Suid-Afrika, die rol van Afrika-kulturele waardes in die uitvoering van hul taak met 'n spesifieke fokus op die periode 1994 tot 2004, en die konteks van die koerant as eiendom van 'n tradisionele wit media maatskappy. Die belangstelling in die rol van Afrika-kulturele waardes in die uitvoering van die taak van die City Press se swart joernaliste en die kwessie van die koerant se wit eienaarskap is gedryf deur die waarneming dat, histories, swart koerante grotendeels beïnvloed is deur die belange en waardes van die eienaars. Die kwessie van eienaarskap was ook van belang omdat die politieke elite gereeld swart joernaliste beskuldig het dat hulle die ANC-regering ondermyn om sodoende die wit eienaars van die publikasies vir wie hulle werk, tevrede te stel. In ag geneem die feit dat die City Press 'n bewustelike rol in die struggle teen apartheid gespeel het, het die studie ook die rol ondersoek wat die City Press vir sy joernaliste in post-apartheid Suid-Afrika gedefinieer het, spesifiek in die eerste dekade ná 1994. Drie teoretiese raamwerke is beskou as van belang vir hierdie studie, naamlik die Liberale- Pluralisme, die Politieke Ekonomie en Afrosentriese teorieë oor die media se politieke rol in die samelewing. Die studie het twee kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodologieë gebruik, by name inhoudsanalise en onderhoude. Daar was 'n kwantitatiewe aspek deurdat die City Press se hoofartikels, rubrieke en meningstukke getel is as 'n aanduiding van hoeveel stukke geanaliseer is. Die navorsing het bevind dat die City Press se swart joernaliste hul politieke rol in post-apartheid Suid-Afrika gesien het as om onder meer seker te maak dat die doelwitte van die vryheidstryd bereik word. Die studie het ook vasgestel dat die City Press se swart joernaliste hul taak onafhanklik en sonder inmenging van die koerant se wit eienaars kon doen. Ook is bevind dat sommige van die koerant se swart joernaliste spanning ervaar tussen eise van die joernalistiek en wat hulle beskou as voorskriftelikheid van Afrika-kulturele waardes. Die tydperk van die studie eindig in 2004, die jaar waarin die City Press geloods is as 'n "Distinctly African"-koerant. Die "Distinctly African"-konsep het beide kulturele en politieke implikasies vir die City Press se joernaliste. Hierdie studie dek sommige van hierdie aspekte in 'n beperkte mate aangesien die navorsingstydperk in 2004 eindig. Dit word voorgestel dat meer navorsing gedoen word met spesifieke verwysing na die tydperk tussen 2004 en 2009, die volgende vyf jaar van demokrasie in Suid-Afrika. In die politieke diskoers verwys die swart politieke elite gereeld na Afrika-kultuur. Dit is nog 'n aspek wat toekomstige studies kan ondersoek, naamlik die verhouding tussen joernalistieke waardes en praktyke aan die een kant, en Afrika-kultuur aan die ander. / Stellenbosch University / Awqaf Foundation

本研究以問卷調查法，研究台灣報社地方記者的組織溝通滿意、專業性、工作滿意之關聯性，希望由此三大面向切入，來瞭解現今台灣之報社地方記者對於新聞工作的整體看法。 本研究發現，台灣報社地方記者的典型為已婚男性、年紀約為40歲、大學畢業並主修新聞傳播、主跑鄉鎮區域的新聞、從事新聞工作大約15年、派駐在該縣市約為12年、每月平均收入在5萬元以上。 在組織溝通滿意方面，報社地方記者對於「平行溝通」、「與直接主管的溝通」感到最為滿意，其次為「溝通氣候」、「與高階主管的溝通」、「非正式溝通」，而對「組織運作訊息」則感到最不滿意。 在專業性方面，報社地方記者最重視「專業責任」與「專業知識」，其次為「專業自主」，而最不重視「專業承諾」。 在工作滿意方面，報社地方記者最滿意的面向為「同事」、「工作本質」與「上司」，其次為「獎勵」、「薪資」與「福利」，而對「升遷」與「操作條件」感到最不滿意。 本研究亦發現，報社地方記者的人口變項在組織溝通滿意上並無顯著差異，然而部分人口變項對於專業性與工作滿意方面，卻有顯著差異。此外，組織溝通滿意與工作滿意各面向之間具有關聯性，專業性與工作滿意各面向之間亦具有關聯性。 最後以迴歸分析發現，新聞年資、專業承諾、內在自主、溝通氣候與高階主管的溝通、平行溝通、與直接主管的溝通、組織運作訊息等七個變項，共可預測整體工作滿意度73.7%的變異量。

Le présent mémoire cherche à comprendre et à cerner le lien entre la stratégie de recherche d’information par le journaliste sur le web et les exigences de sa profession. Il vise à appréhender les précautions que prend le journaliste lors de sa recherche d’information sur le web en rapport avec les contraintes que lui imposent les règles de sa profession pour assurer la qualité des sources d’informations qu’il exploite. Nous avons examiné cette problématique en choisissant comme cadre d’étude Radio-Canada où nous avons rencontré quelques journalistes. Ceux-ci ont été suivis en situation de recherche d’information puis questionnés sur leurs expériences de recherche. L’arrivée d’internet et la révolution technologique qui en a découlé ont profondément bouleversé les pratiques journalistiques. La recherche d’information représente ainsi une zone importante de cette mutation des pratiques. Cette transformation amène surtout à s’interroger sur la façon dont la nouvelle façon de rechercher les sources d’information influence le travail du journaliste, et surtout les balises que se donne celui-ci pour résister aux pièges découlant de sa nouvelle méthode de travail. / This submission seeks to understand and identify the link between the strategies used to search information by the journalist on the web and the demands of his profession. It aims to understand the precautions taken by the journalist in his search for information on the web to respect the constraints imposed by the rules of his profession to insure the quality of information sources. We examined this issue through an investigation of the experience of Journalists at Radio-Canada’s. So we met some of the journalists of this media. These were observed in situations of information retrieval and questioned about their experience on search for information sources.. Internet and the technological revolution have deeply upset the journalistic practices. The search for information is an important area of this change in practices. This transformation leads mainly to questions on how the new way to search information sources affect the journalist's work, especially the factors that way the journalist resists to traps consubstantial to the new working methods he has to develop.

The thesis A Portrait of a Journalist throughout the Comic Book Production deals with comics as a medium with a potential to create certain ideas about society. The aim of this thesis is to define typology of fictional journalists in comic books and to answer the question whether these comic images form stereotypes about journalistic profession. The thesis is divided into three parts: theoretical, historical and analytical. In the first part the author deals with the theoretical definition of terms used in the field of comics and media studies, which is closely related to the concept of the thesis (comics, journalist, stereotypes, interpretation). The second chapter summarizes the historical development of a comic's production on each continent. Special attention is devoted to a distinctive formation of the comic series in the Czech environment. Based on the previous research the author analyzes the comic book characters of journalists in the main part of the thesis. These are divided into categories according to the nature of the characters, gender differences and genres. The outcome of the performed analysis is a summary of the findings and the resulting conclusions. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The diploma thesis titled Transformation of Journalistic Practices Relating to Advent of Data Journalism concerns the current situation in Czech data journalism and its devel- opment. It examines how the newsroom, the journalists and the readers cope with new technology, big data and the related advent of data journalism. The theoretical part of the text explains the relationship between classical journalism and data-driven journal- ism and compares the so-called "narrative" and "interactive" approaches as forms of data-driven journalism. Further it gives a deeper understanding of the relation between data journalism and the new concept of objectivity and it deals with the cultural, social and technical preconditions of data journalism. The thesis also describes the historical aspects of the topic comparing computer-assisted reporting to current practice. Sub- sequent chapters deal with the visualizations, infographics, amateur data journalism and open data which all play a key role in data-driven journalism. The practical part intro- duces the Czech data team. It was originally established within the publishing house Economia and then moved to the office of Czech Radio (Český rozhlas). The final parts discuss the cooperation model of the Czech data team, the use of visualization in their projects,...