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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

O Ministério Público e a defesa dos direitos sociais / The Public Procecutor s Office and the defense of social rights

Vieira, Evelise Pedroso Teixeira Prado 19 February 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Evelise Pedroso Teixeira Prado Vieira.pdf: 1528063 bytes, checksum: 778f56c1132416d32d13adb5c07044e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-19 / This dissertation has the objective to analyse the possibility to bring a action for a judgment about social rights and the mission of Public Prosecutor s Office in this defense. The subject has great importance in a unfair country as Brazil that, gradually, realizes that the concentration of income and assets generate, throughout the time, in reason of the extreme poverty of significant parcels of the population, social problems that prevent the country surpasses the underdevelopment. Fulfills the development of constitutional law as regards social rights forecast and conclude that the current Constitution has advanced on this area. Indispensable to establish enough theoretical bases so that the social rights in de Federal Constitution are not, only, words without meaning. In the current stage of brazilian laws and brazilian institutions, it is examined the possibility that these rights are enforced by the Government. This is the purpose of this work, with special focus in the Public Prosecutor s Office, an institution that has been dedicating to fulfill its constitutional role. Social rights are considered fundamental rights, like rights of freedom. It is examined, too, the costs of these rights and the limits that are usually placed against judicial protection: the principle of separation of powers, the administrative discretion and the theory of the reserve of possible. It is examined, also, the instruments provided by the legal system so that Prosecutor s Office may seek judicial protection. Finally, this dissertation has the objective to demonstrate the possibility of judicial protection of these rights, even if they are in the Constitution as institutional guarantees or program standards / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a justiciabilidade dos direitos sociais e o papel do Ministério Público nesta defesa. O tema reveste-se de grande importância em um país desigual como o Brasil que, aos poucos, percebe que a concentração de renda e de bens gera, ao longo do tempo, em razão da extrema pobreza de parcelas significativas da população, problemas sociais que impedem que o país supere o subdesenvolvimento. Cumpre constatar o desenvolvimento do Direito Constitucional no que diz respeito à previsão dos direitos sociais e concluir que a atual Constituição Federal avançou consideravelmente nesta área. Indispensável estabelecer bases teóricas suficientes para que os direitos sociais previstos na Constituição Federal não sejam, apenas, palavras despidas de qualquer significado. Direitos sociais como promessas vazias já constaram das anteriores Constituições brasileiras. No atual estágio do Direito e das Instituições brasileiras, urge analisar a possibilidade de que estes direitos sejam efetivados pelo Poder Público. É este o propósito deste trabalho, com enfoque especial no Ministério Público, Instituição que vem se dedicando a cumprir o seu papel constitucional. Os direitos sociais são considerados direitos fundamentais, da mesma estatura que os direitos de liberdade. Examina-se a questão de seus custos e dos limites que, em geral, são colocados para a tutela jurisdicional: o princípio da separação de poderes, a discricionariedade administrativa e a teoria da reserva do possível. São examinados, também, os inúmeros instrumentos previstos pelo ordenamento jurídico para que o Ministério Público busque esta tutela Por fim, buscou-se afirmar a justiciabilidade dos direitos sociais como direitos subjetivos, como garantias institucionais e como direitos previstos em normas programáticas
12

Restrições à antecipação da tutela / Preliminary injunctive relief restrictions

Peres, Renan Frediani Torres 17 March 2015 (has links)
O tema proposto para o presente estudo refere-se à análise, dentro do contexto das tutelas antecipadas, dos seus pressupostos positivos e negativos, de algumas das restrições impostas pela legislação vigente a hipóteses de concessão, bem como à viabilidade da sua aplicação na situação atual da sua interpretação pela doutrina e pela jurisprudência. Procurou-se demonstrar a aplicação dessas normas restritivas, bem como a justificativa para a sua aceitação dentro do conceito da segurança jurídica e do contexto fático em que cada um dos casos analisados está inserido. Ademais, foi desenvolvido estudo crítico sobre as hipóteses em que se admite a relativização dessas restrições, as razões que levam a tal resultado e as consequências daí advindas para o cenário jurídico brasileiro. Todos os pontos mencionados foram baseados principalmente na análise do direito das partes a uma tutela jurisdicional efetiva e tempestiva, sempre com enfoque no direito processual constitucional, destacando-se a importância do respeito ao devido processo legal nesses casos e a importância de se garantir à parte um processo célere e de duração razoável. / The theme of this study is the analysis, within the context of preliminary injunctive relief mechanisms and their positive and negative prerequisites, some of the restrictions imposed by current legislation on the cases where such relief can be granted, as well as the feasibility of their application in the current situation of their interpretation by the doctrine developed by legal scholars and the jurisprudence from the courts. An effort is made to demonstrate the application of these rules and the justification for their acceptance within the concept of legal security and the factual context of each of the cases analyzed. Additionally, there is critical analysis of the situations where these restrictions can be relativized, the reasons for that result and the consequences for the Brazilian legal scenario. All these points are based mainly on analysis of the right of parties to obtain effective and timely protection from the courts, always with focus on constitutional procedural law, highlighting the importance of respect for due legal process as well as the importance of assuring speedy administration of justice.
13

Effective judicial protection and damages in EU law : the case for the deterrent effect

Weingerl, Petra January 2017 (has links)
The aim of the thesis is to examine whether the prohibition of overcompensation in the Antitrust Damages Directive is compatible with the EU legal and normative framework. To this end, the analysis is carried out on two levels. First, the rationale for damages in the selected jurisdictions (England, France and Germany) and in the EU is examined to test the main underpinning justification for the prohibition of overcompensation in the Antitrust Damages Directive, i.e. the 'European legal tradition argument'. Second, the thesis addresses broader constitutional implications that underpin the debate on the desirability of the pursuit to prohibit overcompensation in the EU. These entail questions pertaining to the adoption of such measures and, thus, exploring whether the EU has the legitimacy to legislate and the related question of competence and the choice of the appropriate legal basis. The argument to be advanced in this thesis is that the aim of achieving a sufficient level of deterrence with awarding damages for EU competition law infringements stems from the very conceptual basis in which the right to damages is grounded - the principle of effective judicial protection and the principle of effectiveness. Thus, as the analysis reveals, the prohibition of overcompensation is inconsistent with the EU legal framework, since it has potential to jeopardise the deterrent or dissuasive function of antitrust damages actions. The prohibition of overcompensation has significantly contributed to the business-biased gist of the Directive, and thus to breaking the link between the rationale for the right to damages for EU competition law infringements, the legal basis and the content of the Directive. The thesis ultimately argues that the Directive's prohibition is incompatible with the principles of conferral, subsidiarity and proportionality, and to a considerable extent inconsistent with the EU's legal and normative framework.
14

La Subsanación de los defectos procesales

Gorigoitía Abbott, Felipe 05 October 2012 (has links)
El presente trabajo trata acerca de la subsanación de los defectos procesales en el procedimiento civil español. Se funda en la tesis de la subsanación como el mecanismo prioritario de eliminación de imperfecciones, por sobre la nulidad o la inadmisión, lo que se explica por la clara inspiración antiformalista del sistema procesal vigente y, al menos en lo que respecta a las actuaciones de parte, por el influjo de la tutela judicial efectiva, como garantía procesal de rango constitucional. La investigación comienza situando histórica y conceptualmente la subsanación, para luego analizarla dentro del contexto de la teoría de la invalidez procesal y concluir estudiando sus aspectos procedimentales más relevantes. Todo lo anterior, con el objetivo de elaborar un estudio sistemático de una institución que ha adquirido gran trascendencia práctica, pero ha gozado de poca atención por parte de la doctrina. / This work is about the correction of the procedural defects in the Spanish civil procedure. It is based on the assumption that the correction is a priority mechanism to eliminate imperfections, over the invalidity or rejection, which is explained by the anti-formalist inspiration of the current procedural system and, at least with respect to the actions of part by the influence of effective judicial protection as a constitutional right. The research begins by situating historically and conceptually the correction. Then, it analyzes the correction within the context of the theory of procedural invalidity and concludes by studying its most important procedural aspects. The objective is to develop a systematic study of an institution that has acquired great practical importance, but has enjoyed little attention by the doctrine.
15

Justificação da decisão judicial : a motivação e o precedente

Motta, Otávio Luiz Verdi January 2014 (has links)
O presente estudo propõe que a atual compreensão sobre interpretação judicial influencia no modo de ver a tutela dos direitos. Para isso, parte-se do entendimento de que trabalhar com o direito não é trabalhar com um objeto pronto antes da interpretação, mas com indeterminação. Isso conduz à conclusão de que a interpretação jurídica é um caminho que se percorre por meio de escolhas. Com o reconhecimento de que interpretar envolve escolher, realça-se o papel da justificação das decisões judiciais como ponto fundamental da atividade jurisdicional. Dado que a finalidade do processo civil é a tutela dos direitos, a justificação da decisão abre espaço para a tutela dos direitos em duas perspectivas. De um lado, considerando-se que no processo a interpretação tem o fim de decidir um caso, estrutura-se o discurso da motivação voltado à obtenção de uma decisão justa para as partes, o que corresponde a um meio de colaborar para a tutela dos direitos numa perspectiva particular. De outro, considerando-se que por meio da resolução do caso reduz-se a sua indeterminabilidade, estrutura-se o discurso do precedente voltado à tutela dos direitos numa perspectiva geral por duas frentes: promove-se um tratamento isonômico das pessoas e cria-se um ambiente mais seguro para o desenvolvimento da vida social. / This study proposes that the current understanding of judicial interpretation influences the way we understant the protection of rights. In order to achieve this conclusion, we start from the understanding that dealing with the law does not means to deal with a given object finished before the interpretation process, but with indeterminacy. This leads to the conclusion that legal interpretation is a path that runs by making choices. With the recognition that interpretation involves choosing, it is emphasized the role of the justification of judicial decisions as a key point of judicial activity. Given that the purpose of civil proceedings is the protection of rights, the justification of the decision opens the way for the protection of rights in two perspectives. On the one hand, considering that in the judicial process the interpretation happens for the function of dispute resolutions, it is possible to oganize a discourse of the judicial reason giving aiming to achieve a fair decision for the parties, which corresponds to a means to colaborate for the protection of rights in a particular perspective. On the other hand, considering that through the resolution of the case the indeterminacy of the law is reduced, it is possible to organize a discourse of the judicial precedent aiming to achieve the protection of rights in a broad perspective by two fronts: promoting a isonomic treatment of people and creating a safer enviroment for the development of social life.
16

A tutela da posse dos imóveis públicos

Rodrigo Ferreira Santos 18 December 2013 (has links)
A posse dos bens públicos é tema que, embora de grande relevância, não tem sido analisado com o necessário cuidado pela doutrina e pelos tribunais do país. No presente estudo, parte-se de uma distinção essencial entre as diversas espécies de bens públicos, o que norteia a análise da posse e de suas consequências. A posse existirá sempre que houver poder fático sobre o bem e desde que não exista cláusula de pré-exclusão de jurisdicidade. Configurada a posse, avalia-se a eficácia da posse sobre aquele bem público, tendo em conta as características da posse e os sujeitos envolvidos. Existindo posse, suas consequências (efeitos jurídicos) variarão conforme a classe a que aquele bem público se enquadre, e essa circunstância afetará a tutela jurisdicional da posse. Não se pode conceber uma tutela possessória desgarrada do direito material que rege a situação a ser tutelada. No caso dos bens dominicas, é possível uma tutela completa da posse do particular, o que inexistirá no caso dos bens de uso especial.
17

Restrições à antecipação da tutela / Preliminary injunctive relief restrictions

Renan Frediani Torres Peres 17 March 2015 (has links)
O tema proposto para o presente estudo refere-se à análise, dentro do contexto das tutelas antecipadas, dos seus pressupostos positivos e negativos, de algumas das restrições impostas pela legislação vigente a hipóteses de concessão, bem como à viabilidade da sua aplicação na situação atual da sua interpretação pela doutrina e pela jurisprudência. Procurou-se demonstrar a aplicação dessas normas restritivas, bem como a justificativa para a sua aceitação dentro do conceito da segurança jurídica e do contexto fático em que cada um dos casos analisados está inserido. Ademais, foi desenvolvido estudo crítico sobre as hipóteses em que se admite a relativização dessas restrições, as razões que levam a tal resultado e as consequências daí advindas para o cenário jurídico brasileiro. Todos os pontos mencionados foram baseados principalmente na análise do direito das partes a uma tutela jurisdicional efetiva e tempestiva, sempre com enfoque no direito processual constitucional, destacando-se a importância do respeito ao devido processo legal nesses casos e a importância de se garantir à parte um processo célere e de duração razoável. / The theme of this study is the analysis, within the context of preliminary injunctive relief mechanisms and their positive and negative prerequisites, some of the restrictions imposed by current legislation on the cases where such relief can be granted, as well as the feasibility of their application in the current situation of their interpretation by the doctrine developed by legal scholars and the jurisprudence from the courts. An effort is made to demonstrate the application of these rules and the justification for their acceptance within the concept of legal security and the factual context of each of the cases analyzed. Additionally, there is critical analysis of the situations where these restrictions can be relativized, the reasons for that result and the consequences for the Brazilian legal scenario. All these points are based mainly on analysis of the right of parties to obtain effective and timely protection from the courts, always with focus on constitutional procedural law, highlighting the importance of respect for due legal process as well as the importance of assuring speedy administration of justice.
18

Alternativní metody řešení sporů a právo na soudní ochranu v ČR / Alternative Dispute Resolution and the Rights to Judicial Protection in the Czech Republic

Peroutka, Jan January 2017 (has links)
The aim of this master's thesis was to describe alternative dispute resolutions in the overall context of the right to judicial protection guaranteed by the judicial system. In the Czech Republic, there are several alternatives to legal proceedings; these are in particular: (1) arbitration, (2) mediation, and (3) conciliation by the Consumer Protection Act. The thesis then aimed to answer the question whether the existence of these different techniques of settling disputes extends the right to judicial protection of the parties - in a broader sense, whether there is an increase in application of their procedural rights - or vice versa. Arbitration represents an important part of this thesis. I first focus on procedural rights participants in arbitration are guaranteed. I conclude that participants can waive the right to judicial protection guaranteed by Art. 36 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms only under strict conditions, i.e. the expression of will must be unequivocal, informed (conscious) consent, free (voluntary, i.e. without coercion), unconditional; and only to a limited extend. However, this waiver is not absolute and unlimited; certain minimum guarantees of procedural rights defined by practice of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg are applied to ensure a...
19

A adequação do procedimento judicial ao caso concreto: reaproximação entre o direito material e o processo

Andrade, José Undário 25 September 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Undario Andrade.pdf: 504544 bytes, checksum: 0364ba42ca3f8f04e8cb9f24b406ada1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-25 / The present study has as its object the study of the power of the civil court and judges to tailor the procedure provided by law to the case. If one side of the legislator 's duty to create the necessary procedures for protection of the right materials provided abstractly, it seems necessary to understand that it is also given to the magistrate, and some uniquely contoured on a theoretical level, a related power so that it can perform precisely the same activity. We believe that this possibility is due to the Brazilian legal and constitutional system, which besides allowing the general control of the constitutionality of laws, including under the rules of procedure; expressed the need to reach the constitutional dictates of a timely judicial review and above all effective, it also has to be better suited to resolve the factual issues that are brought to the Judiciary. Was this attempted rapprochement between the substantive and procedural law, through the study of differentiated guardianships, as well as the principles of instrumentality and fungibility, which moved us to try to establish criteria for this adequacy is reached by the judge in his activity, preserved since the constitutional principles and parameters. That's what we intend to identify and propose / Este trabalho tem como objeto o estudo do poder do juiz cível de adequar o procedimento previsto em lei ao caso concreto. Se de um lado o legislador tem o dever de criar os procedimentos necessários à tutela do direito material abstratamente previsto, entendemos parecer necessário que seja também conferido ao magistrado, excepcionalmente e com alguns contornos definidos no plano teórico, um poder correlato para que ele possa realizar concretamente essa mesma atividade. Entendemos que essa possibilidade é decorrência do próprio sistema jurídico-constitucional brasileiro, que além de permitir o controle difuso da constitucionalidade das leis, inclusive, sob as regras de procedimento; expressa a necessidade de que para o alcance dos ditames constitucionais de uma tutela jurisdicional tempestiva e, sobretudo efetiva, tenha também ela de ser adequada para melhor resolver as questões fáticas que são postas ao Poder Judiciário. Foi essa tentativa de reaproximação entre o direito material o processo, passando pelo estudo das tutelas diferenciadas, bem como de princípios como o da instrumentalidade e da fungibilidade, que nos moveu a tentar estabelecer critérios para que essa adequação seja alcançada pelo juiz em sua atividade, desde que preservados os princípios e parâmetros constitucionais. É o que pretendemos identificar e propor
20

Des éducateurs placés sous main de justice : les éducateurs de la protection judiciaire de la jeunesse entre droit pénal et savoirs sur l’homme / Educators under judicial protection : educators working for the Judicial Protection of Youth between criminal law and human sciences

Sallée, Nicolas 29 October 2012 (has links)
Suivant un double regard, socio-historique et monographique, cette thèse propose une sociologie de la profession d’éducateur de la Protection judiciaire de la jeunesse (PJJ), administration du ministère de la Justice chargée de l’exécution des décisions de justice prises à l’endroit des mineurs dits « placés sous main de justice », notamment des mineurs délinquants. Membres de la fonction publique d’État, les éducateurs de la PJJ constituent une « bureaucratie professionnelle » (Mintzberg, 1982), dont le mandat et les finalités de l’activité sont principalement liés au projet politique fondateur de son institution d’appartenance : participer à la construction et à l’épanouissement d’un modèle de justice au sein duquel la connaissance de la personnalité des justiciables est une condition même de leur éducation. À partir d’une réflexion sur les savoirs, principalement les savoirs issus des sciences du psychisme, qui ont permis de délimiter ce projet politique et d’en légitimer les reconfigurations, nous proposons un regard sur la genèse et l’actualité de cette profession, de fait « placée sous main de justice ». Dans une première partie d’ordre socio-historique, nous mettons en lumière les principales tensions – indissociablement savantes, administratives et juridiques – qui émanent de l’histoire du secteur public de la PJJ, autant qu’elles en structurent le fonctionnement. Dans une seconde partie d’ordre monographique, à partir de plusieurs terrains d’observation (centre de milieu ouvert, centre éducatif fermé, prisons pour mineurs), nous analysons ce que les éducateurs font de ces tensions, et comment ils leur donnent forme, en situation de travail. Cette double méthodologie nous permet, in fine, d’interroger les reconfigurations de la profession d’éducateur de la PJJ, tout en nous frayant un chemin, par le terrain, au cœur des principales transformations qui, en France, agitent la justice des mineurs. / Following a double socio-historical and monographicpoint of view, this thesis tackles a sociological study of the profession as educator working for the Judicial Protection of Youth (Protection judiciaire de la jeunesse, PJJ). PJJ is an administration of the French Ministry of Justice applying the decisions taken by the juvenile courts. Educators working for PJJ are members of the State Civil Service. The profession therefore forms a “professional bureaucracy” (Mintzberg, 1982), whose professional mandate and aims are related to the founding political project of PJJ: participating in the development of a model of justice, in which the knowledge on the personality of individuals is a condition of their education. Here, we present a study on the genesis and the evolution of this professional bureaucracy from an analysis of the knowledge, in particular psychological knowledge, which helped to define the founding political project of PJJ and to legitimize the changes of this political project. As a first step, we enlighten from a socio-historical perspective the main intellectual, administrative and legal tensions, that arise from the history of PJJ, and provide its operational framework. Secondly, we analyze from a monographic perspective how educators deal with these tensions in practice. We use for this analysis a suite of observational fields: one open and one close educational institutions, and two juvenile detention centers. Our double point of view allows us to question the reconfiguration of the profession of PJJ’s educator, and to provide a bottom-up framework (i.e. from the field) to analyze the main transformations of juvenile justice in France.

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