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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Spotřebitelské smlouvy v mezinárodním právu soukromém / Consumer contracts in private international law

Kotyza, Adam January 2020 (has links)
Consumer contracts in private international law Abstract Consumer contracts in private international law are regulated by several pieces of legislation. These can be generally divided into jurisdictional rules, conflict of law rules and substantive law. The aim of my thesis is to answer the following questions: "What is the characteristics of contracts in private international law, which entitle the consumer to consumer jurisdictional protection, and how does that protection manifest itself when the legal proceedings are instituted?" I have therefore confined myself to the jurisdictional rules of EU and EFTA. The thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter introduces the general characteristics of the consumer contract in private international law, i.e. its specific features and the international element. The second chapter is devoted to the historical development of the two main pieces of legislation that make up the Brussels-Lugano regime - the Brussels I bis and the Lugano II Convention, and to the development of the jurisdictional rules on consumer jurisdictional protection in their wordings. In the third, fourth and fifth chapter I present in detail the specific features of the consumer contract in private international law - subjects of consumer contract, individual categories of consumer...
2

Políticas públicas, judiciário e saúde: limites, excessos e remédios / Public policies, judiciary and public health: limits, excesses and remedies

Sabino, Marco Antonio da Costa 22 April 2014 (has links)
Trata-se o presente de estudo analítico e propositivo que circunda em torno do tema do controle jurisdicional de políticas públicas, com destacado vigor no que toca às prestações e ações de saúde a cargo do Poder Público. Analisando o fenômeno da assunção do Judiciário como arena de debate político e atribuição de direitos, ver-se-á que há virtudes e vicissitudes nesse que é caminho irreversível da sociedade moderna. No campo da intervenção judicial na saúde, serão demonstrados os grandes transtornos gerados por uma atividade pouco cautelosa e ainda predominantemente fundada nas premissas processuais do Século XIX, o que gera um desarranjo de contas e estratégias e deflagra uma clara crise entre os Poderes instituídos. Ademais, do modo como sucede hoje, a intervenção judicial em políticas de saúde acaba privilegiando poucos à custa de muitos, quando a saúde é taxativamente direito que deve ser atribuído pelo Estado de maneira isonômica e universal. A partir do diagnóstico das patologias causadas pela desmedida intervenção judicial na saúde, realizada a partir de pesquisa empírica e revisão bibliográfica, esta tese estabelecerá limites que deverão ser observados pelo magistrado, verdadeiras fronteiras que, caso ultrapassadas, agravarão e perpetuarão o problema. Ato contínuo, serão propostas medidas que se prestam a tornar o exercício da judicatura nessa seara mais harmônico com a própria gênese do direito à saúde. A ideia, assim, é auxiliar magistrados e operadores a tornar a tarefa de sindicar ações e prestações estatais de saúde mais racional, equilibrada, justa e universal, mediante propositura de limites e adoção de instrumentos apropriados, processuais e não processuais. / This work derives from a research upon Brazilian judicial intervention in public policies, focusing in how this intervention works regarding the constitutional duty, drove to the State, of providing health to people. Analyzing the political phenomena of Judiciary as one of the most relevant public discussions arena, this thesis will show that virtues and inconveniences arise from this Brazilian modern society reality. Considering judicial intervention upon public health, the work will explore the great problems issued by a less cautious activity founded in relevant part on classic procedural premises of the 19th Century, which causes public accountancy disruption and overwhelms administrative strategies, generating a clear crisis amid instituted Powers. Moreover, as it flows nowadays, judicial intervention upon health public politics privileges few against interests of many, as health is a right of everyone and as indeclinable duty of State under the expression rule of Brazilian Constitution. After diagnose the pathologies caused by immeasurable judicial intervention upon public health, featured both by empirical research and bibliographic revision, this thesis will establish boundaries that might be observed by judges when accomplishing their honorable task, limits that, once overtook, make the problem worst and permanent. Afterwards, some measures will be proposed in order to turn judicial activity in this specific field more harmonic with proper nature of right to health. Hence, the main idea is to help judges and other agents to turn the judicial task of intervention in public health more rational, balanced, fair and universal by proposing limits and adopting appropriated procedural and no procedural instruments.
3

Políticas públicas, judiciário e saúde: limites, excessos e remédios / Public policies, judiciary and public health: limits, excesses and remedies

Marco Antonio da Costa Sabino 22 April 2014 (has links)
Trata-se o presente de estudo analítico e propositivo que circunda em torno do tema do controle jurisdicional de políticas públicas, com destacado vigor no que toca às prestações e ações de saúde a cargo do Poder Público. Analisando o fenômeno da assunção do Judiciário como arena de debate político e atribuição de direitos, ver-se-á que há virtudes e vicissitudes nesse que é caminho irreversível da sociedade moderna. No campo da intervenção judicial na saúde, serão demonstrados os grandes transtornos gerados por uma atividade pouco cautelosa e ainda predominantemente fundada nas premissas processuais do Século XIX, o que gera um desarranjo de contas e estratégias e deflagra uma clara crise entre os Poderes instituídos. Ademais, do modo como sucede hoje, a intervenção judicial em políticas de saúde acaba privilegiando poucos à custa de muitos, quando a saúde é taxativamente direito que deve ser atribuído pelo Estado de maneira isonômica e universal. A partir do diagnóstico das patologias causadas pela desmedida intervenção judicial na saúde, realizada a partir de pesquisa empírica e revisão bibliográfica, esta tese estabelecerá limites que deverão ser observados pelo magistrado, verdadeiras fronteiras que, caso ultrapassadas, agravarão e perpetuarão o problema. Ato contínuo, serão propostas medidas que se prestam a tornar o exercício da judicatura nessa seara mais harmônico com a própria gênese do direito à saúde. A ideia, assim, é auxiliar magistrados e operadores a tornar a tarefa de sindicar ações e prestações estatais de saúde mais racional, equilibrada, justa e universal, mediante propositura de limites e adoção de instrumentos apropriados, processuais e não processuais. / This work derives from a research upon Brazilian judicial intervention in public policies, focusing in how this intervention works regarding the constitutional duty, drove to the State, of providing health to people. Analyzing the political phenomena of Judiciary as one of the most relevant public discussions arena, this thesis will show that virtues and inconveniences arise from this Brazilian modern society reality. Considering judicial intervention upon public health, the work will explore the great problems issued by a less cautious activity founded in relevant part on classic procedural premises of the 19th Century, which causes public accountancy disruption and overwhelms administrative strategies, generating a clear crisis amid instituted Powers. Moreover, as it flows nowadays, judicial intervention upon health public politics privileges few against interests of many, as health is a right of everyone and as indeclinable duty of State under the expression rule of Brazilian Constitution. After diagnose the pathologies caused by immeasurable judicial intervention upon public health, featured both by empirical research and bibliographic revision, this thesis will establish boundaries that might be observed by judges when accomplishing their honorable task, limits that, once overtook, make the problem worst and permanent. Afterwards, some measures will be proposed in order to turn judicial activity in this specific field more harmonic with proper nature of right to health. Hence, the main idea is to help judges and other agents to turn the judicial task of intervention in public health more rational, balanced, fair and universal by proposing limits and adopting appropriated procedural and no procedural instruments.
4

A proteção constitucional das crianças e dos adolescentes: uma análise da (des)juridicização fáctica no município de Maceió. / The constitution goes protecting the fundamental rights of children and teenagers.

Araújo, Ana Luiza Nogueira de 24 April 2009 (has links)
The scope of this paper is to assess how far the Brazilian constitution goes in protecting the fundamental rights of children and teenagers. Such is accomplished through an axiologic, dogmatic, and sociological perspective. This latter aspect mainly concerns the services provided by the public sector in the city of Maceió. By examining the Brazilian juridical framework, the first perspective is aimed at showing the paradigmatic change when approaching the rights of children and teens. A juridical analysis of the topic may effectively be made through the prism of the paradigmatic crisis. After the promulgation of the new Federal Constitution, the so-called old paradigm, representing the entire legislative output pertaining to the doctrine of irregular situation, was superseded by a new system based on popular participation and social mobilization. Emphasis is also given to the constitutional regime and its repercussion upon ordinary legislation concerning the rights of children and teens. It begins with the broad concept of fundamental rights and of resolving the dichotomy between rights of the individual, of defense, and social rights. The paper also analyzes the modern state system in an attempt to ensure the effectiveness of that which is constitutionally accepted, with special attention given to the situation encountered in the city of Maceió, primarily on how to deal with the public and those mechanisms that afford special protection. Its inefficacy is thus made clear in view of incipient jurisprudence to secure absolute priority, in addition to difficulties in the organizational structure of childhood protection as well as the lack of funds and qualified personnel. Statistics about violence against children and teens perpetrated by adults (criminally imputable) in the state capital of Alagoas have also attested to the need for public intervention. / A presente dissertação tem como escopo a análise da proteção constitucional brasileira aos direitos fundamentais de crianças e adolescentes, valendo-se de uma perspectiva axiológica, dogmática e sociológica. Nesse último aspecto, o estudo refere-se, principalmente, ao tratamento estatal ofertado no município de Maceió. O desiderato da primeira perspectiva é a demonstração da mudança paradigmática ínsita na abordagem do direito da criança e do adolescente, num exame do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Efetivamente, a análise jurídica do tema pode ser estudada sob o prisma da crise paradigmática, pois de um lado tem-se o que se convencionou chamar de velho paradigma, representando toda a produção legislativa pertinente à doutrina da situação irregular, e, a partir da Constituição Federal, surge um novo sistema calcado na participação popular e na mobilização social. É dada ênfase, também, ao regime constitucional e sua repercussão na legislação ordinária dos direitos de crianças e adolescentes, a partir do conceito materialmente aberto dos direitos fundamentais e da superação nessa área da dicotomia entre os direitos individuais, ou de defesa, e os direitos sociais, reputados como prestacionais. Ademais, apresenta uma análise do sistema estatal hodierno, com vistas a assegurar a efetividade do consagrado constitucionalmente, sendo dada especial atenção à realidade existente no município de Maceió, mormente nos mecanismos de proteção especial e nas políticas de atendimento. Nessa seara, evidencia sua ineficácia, diante da incipiente jurisprudência garantidora da prioridade absoluta, além das dificuldades encontradas na estrutura organizacional de proteção à infância, com investimento financeiro insuficiente e necessidade de capacitação funcional. Os dados estatísticos acerca da violência contra crianças e adolescentes praticada por adultos (penalmente imputáveis) na capital alagoana também comprovam a necessidade de intervenção estatal.
5

From the Right of Action to the Effective Jurisdictional Protection of the Rights / Del Derecho de Acción a la efectiva Tutela Jurisdiccional de los Derechos

Priori Posada, Giovanni F. 12 April 2018 (has links)
Throughout the history of Procedural Law, a theme which undoubtedly calls for greater importance is the right of action, however, today does not have greater presence. Accordingly, the focus has moved towards the effective jurisdictional protection due to the phenomenon of constitutionalisation which the right of action has crossed. the author, in addition to analyzing the most important landmarks in the development of right of action, also focuses on the study of what is currently happening with effective judicial protection in order to reach a truly effective process thatensures our rights. / A lo largo de la historia del Derecho Procesal, un tema que sin duda reclama mayor importancia es el del Derecho de Acción, sin embargo, hoy en día no tiene mayor presencia. en tal sentido, el enfoque se ha trasladado hacia la tutela Jurisdiccional efectiva a causa del fenómeno de constitucionalización que atravesó el Derecho de Acción. el autor, además de analizar los hitos más importantes en los que se desarrolla el Derecho de Acción, se centra también en el estudio de lo que viene pasando en la actualidad con la Tutela Jurisdiccional Efectiva con la finalidad de llegar aun proceso verdaderamente eficaz que garantice nuestros derechos.
6

Why did I bring you over?!: Looking for a more sheltering regulation of diffuse interests / ¡Para qué te traje!: En busca de una regulación más protectora de los intereses difusos

Campos Ramírez, Raúl, Cruz Castillo, Manuel, Cornejo Arismendi, Jesús Francisco 12 April 2018 (has links)
On this paper, the authors reflect over the article 82 of the Peruvian Procedural Law. that way, they debate over the defense of diffuse interests, specifically who are entitled to and how to reclaim them. then, they compare Peruvian law with other south American countries like uruguay and Brasil. Finally, they consider which would be the most adequate regulation for our society. / En el presente artículo, los autores reflexionan sobre el artículo 82 del Código Procesal Civil Peruano. Así, debaten sobre la defensa de los intereses difusos, su patrocinio y quienes se pueden reclamarlos. Continúan comparando la legislación peruana con la de otros países sudamericanos como Uruguay y Brasil; y finalmente, analizan cuál sería la regulación más idónea en nuestra sociedad.
7

Acesso à justiça: instrumentos do processo de democratização da tutela jurisdicional / acesso à justiça; terceiro setor; instrumentos de cooperação; democratização do acesso à justiça; convênio; garantias de tutela jurisdicional

Torres, Vivian de Almeida Gregori 20 September 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vivian de Almeida Gregori Torres.pdf: 786296 bytes, checksum: fc6dcca18d50fc0c76e823b6580fe14c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-20 / In Brazil, a quite expressive number of people - as a matter of fact all the population between the socioeconomic elite, which is able to pay the charges of competent lawyers with its own resources, and a huge popular bulk which relies on the public judicial assistance does not have access to judicial support. It happens because of their monthly income (around three minimum salaries); due to their income they do not have the right for public assistance and on the other side no money enough for a private service. However, the admittance to justice is a guaranteed right in the Constitution of 1988. First, we emphasize the access to a lawyer as sine qua non condition to make possible that all Brazilians would have a satisfactory customer support (and consequently, to fulfill the constitutional guarantee), we propose the resource socalled third sector under the supervision or regulation of the Public Defender itself. We then understand that the inclusion of all Brazilian people in the range of the judicial support, which is made possible by the association between the State and the third sector, fulfilling the constitutional right, will turn individuals into citizens and will establish a real democratization of justice. / No Brasil, um grande contingente de brasileiros, na verdade toda a população entre uma extremamente minoritária elite sócio-econômica, a qual pode custear com recursos próprios eficientes serviços advocatícios, e uma majoritária e colossal massa popular, que pode recorrer à assistência judiciária pública, está excluído do acesso à justiça, pois se, por um lado, não dispõe do recurso ao amparo judiciário da Defensoria Pública (por ter renda mensal que atinge em torno de três salários mínimos), por outro, mediante a renda com que conta fica impossibilitado de arcar particularmente com o amparo do Judiciário de que venha a necessitar. Entretanto, o acesso à justiça constitui direito assegurado pela Constituição Federal de 1988. Enfatizamos aqui primeiramente o acesso ao advogado como condição sine qua non para o efetivo acesso à justiça e, para viabilizar o satisfatório atendimento desse enorme número de brasileiros que se acha à margem do amparo da justiça (e, conseqüentemente, o cumprimento da garantia constitucional), propomos o recurso ao chamado terceiro setor sob a supervisão ou regulamentação da própria Defensoria Pública. Entendemos, nesse espírito, que a devida inclusão da totalidade dos brasileiros na esfera do amparo judiciário possibilitada pela associação do Estado com o terceiro setor, atendendo de fato a um direito constitucional, converterá indivíduos em cidadãos e concretizará a real democratização da Justiça.
8

La protection non juridictionnelle des droits fondamentaux en droit constitutionnel comparé. L'exemple de l'Ombudsman spécialisé portugais, espagnol et français / The human rights non jurisdictional protection in constitutional comparative law. The human rights ombudsman example in portugal, spain and france

Löhrer, Dimitri 05 June 2013 (has links)
Apparue au sein de la péninsule ibérique à la sortie des dictatures salazariste et franquiste en vue de faciliter la transition vers la démocratie, la figure de l’ombudsman spécialisé, désormais réceptionnée par la France à travers l’institution du Défenseur des droits, trouve sa raison d’être contemporaine à l’aune de l’insuffisance des mécanismes classiques de garantie des droits fondamentaux. Spécialement aménagé pour la défense des droits et libertés, l’human rights ombudsman se présente, en effet, comme une forme de protection non juridictionnelle s’inscrivant dans une perspective de complémentarité des traditionnelles voies, spécialement juridictionnelles, de recours et, à ce titre, favorise l’émergence d’un système institutionnel de protection complet. Contribuant en pratique à une consolidation indiscutable des droits fondamentaux, la protection proposée par l’ombudsman spécialisé, aussi indispensable soit-elle, n’en demeure pas moins relative. Outre qu’il ne permet pas de combler l’ensemble des insuffisances affectant les autres instances de garantie, l’human rights ombudsman souffre lui-même d’imperfections de nature à préjudicier à l’effectivité de sa mission de sauvegarde des droits de la personne humaine. / The figure of the Human rights ombudsman appeared into the Iberian Peninsula at the demise of Franco and Salazar dictatorships in order to facilitate the transition to democracy. In France this figure finds its contemporary justification due to the insufficiency of the classic mechanisms of guarantee of the fundamental rights. The Human rights ombudsman is specially designed for the protection of fundamental rights, and is indeed a form of non jurisdictional protection in a perspective of complementarity of the traditional ways, especially the court of appeal and, as such, favors the emergence of an institutional system of complete protection. The protection proposed by the Human rights ombudsman contributes to an indisputable consolidation of the fundamental rights however it is essential that it remains relative. Yet, it does not fill all the inadequacies affecting the other instances of guarantee as the Human rights ombudsman suffers from imperfections likely to prejudice the effectiveness of its mission of protection of the person’s human rights.

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