Background: To keep up with competitors and the ever-changing business environment, organizations constantly adapt and adjust their strategies. Strategic organizational change is the implementation of change to increase corporate performance and find new competitive advantages. Studies are showing how the majority of change processes fail. This high failure rate is dependent on several different factors. However, one factor which seems to be one of the most common is resistance to strategic organizational change. Resistance is often looked through a negative lens by the management, which can negatively affect the whole change process. Purpose: The primary purpose of this study is to increase the knowledge about resistance to strategic organizational change and explore the field of change management to yield valuable insights to managers' quest to implement change successfully. Research Question: How can understanding the source of resistance be used beneficially by management to improve the managerial decision-making and, therefore, increase the success rate of change implementation? Methodology: A qualitative research method with semi-structured interviews has been adopted. Conclusion: If resistance is not only seen as an obstacle but instead analysed thoroughly by the management it could contribute to an organizational discussion which potentially could improve the quality of the management decision-making and, thus, improve the success rate of strategic organizational change implementation.v

Federal government managers were advised to strengthen internal controls; the law dictates attestation of effective management controls, and the internal control program is used to detect risks. However, managers lacked preparatory training, with training being overlooked given the increased responsibilities. Managers are assigned the programmatic role regardless of the lack of program standards in knowledge, skill, and ability. The research questions addressed change management components, concepts, and core qualifications relative to program readiness. The purpose of this single case study was to identify and explore change management components contributing to the effectiveness of internal controls. The conceptual framework was based on Lewin's change concepts of unfreezing, moving or changing, and refreezing phases with the inverse principle in field theory. Thirteen professionals from the pacific military unit in Hawaii participated in semistructured interviews. Inductive coding was used to thematically analyze the data. The key results of the emerged themes illustrated how: organization skillset was used for linking change components to internal controls, assessment was a tool used for transforming a manager's concept, and experience was essential in leading change core qualifications. Significance of the study was the promotion of stronger measures in preventing fraud, waste, and mismanagement of limited resources. The research results could inspire social change by increasing communication and collaboration to benefit senior leaders, and financial and program managers. The value-added training concepts and leadership innovation, and how managing change relates to internal control could lead to program success thus benefiting all primary stakeholders.

The thesis is dedicated to management of projects that focus transitional and transformational changes in organizations. The theoretical part of the thesis covers terminology and definition of change management. Project and change management dependencies are defined. Consequently, Prosci change management methodology, Kotter's 8 Steps for Leading Change and GE Change acceleration process are analyzed. Finally, a methodology for practical part of the thesis is selected. Practical part includes description and usage of most frequent CAP tools as well as a case study. A real change project is described and evaluated from CAP methodology perspective.

The thesis offers results of a research which has been conducted to look for and describe the typical personal characteristics of a change manager using Predictive Index tool and Kotter´s 8 steps process of change management. The thesis also offers set of practical recommendations for change management leaders as well as for the organizations.

Change within organizations is something that happens every day. Lately, more and more continuous digital changes are occurring that all need good management. If an organization implement too many digital changes without the right management during the implementation and following the implementation, it may cause more problems than what is gained. The question is, do you manage a digital change as you manage an “ordinary” change? To find out how managers are leading digital change, a study of how one of the current digital changes, the digital workplace, has been completed to see how the implementation was/is managed and how the completed change is continuously managed. The findings show that some steps in the change process differ from earlier studies and needs to be considered, mostly policies of how digital work should be implemented and completed. And the overall wellness of the workforce is the most important factor of the continuous management. This study will add to the wide area of management, mostly to the digital management and especially to them, yet not studied, the area of the digital workplace. It will serve as an addition, focused on the digital workplace, to great and accepted management studies such as the 8-step model of leading change. The study will also give some valuable tips for the continuous management of a digital workplace.

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Tidigare forskning visar att medarbetarengagemang är viktigt för att nå framgång i kvalitets- och förbättringsarbete. Vikten av ett högre syfte lyfts som en stark drivkraft för att uppnå förändring och resultat. Dessutom skapar tillfredsställelse av behov på högre nivå positiva känslor vilket bidrar till medarbetarengagemang och självbestämmande på arbetsplatsen. Syftet med studien är att bidra med ökad kunskap kring medarbetares engagemang i kvalitetsarbete, genom att undersöka vilken roll ett högre syfte och attraktiv kvalitet spelar. En kvalitativ fallstudie genomfördes vid en kommunal verksamhet som mottagit en kvalitetsutmärkelse för sitt systematiska kvalitetsarbete. En omfattande litteraturstudie genomfördes och därefter skedde datainsamling genom intervjumetoden Appreciative Inquiry samt studie av organisationens dokument och riktlinjer avseende deras kvalitetsarbete. Resultatet visar att det i den studerade organisationen finns ett högre syfte som handlar om värdeskapande åt verksamhetens klienter. Det högre syftet anses vara en av de viktiga egenskaper som gör förbättringsarbetet attraktivt och främjar engagemang och delaktighet hos medarbetare i den studerade verksamheten. Dessutom präglar det ledarskapet och bidrar till en öppen och tillåtande kultur. Studien visar även att fenomenet attraktiv kvalitet spelar en bidragande roll i arbetet med ständiga förbättringar då det förstärker medarbetarengagemang och främjar aktivt deltagande. Följande områden identifieras som skapare av positiva känslor och leder till att förbättringsarbetet blir intressant och extra roligt; ett högre syfte, ett engagerat ledarskap samt en öppen och tillåtande kultur. Analysen visar att fenomenen har både likheter och olikheter samt till viss mån även överlappar varandra. Relationen mellan ett högre syfte och attraktiv kvalitet är ny kunskap och bedöms ge ny inriktning till framtida studier. Dessutom är studiens resultat ett viktigt bidrag till verksamheter som önskar stärka sitt medarbetarengagemang i kvalitetsarbete. / According to previous research, employee commitment is assigned a great importance in achieving successful quality management. The importance of a higher purpose is highlighted as a strong driving force to achieve change and result. Furthermore, satisfaction of needs at a higher level creates positive emotions which contributes to enhancing employee engagement and empowerment in the workplace. The purpose of the study is to contribute with increased knowledge about employees' commitment in quality work by examining the role a higher purpose and attractive quality play to promote and strengthen employees' motivation and commitment. A qualitative case study approach has been executed on a municipal operation that received a quality award for its systematic quality work. An extensive literature study was carried out and then the data collection took place through the Appreciative Inquiry interview method as well as a study of the organization's documents, guidelines and code of conduct for quality management.    The thesis findings reveal that there is a higher purpose in the studied organization that deals with value creation for the organization's customers. The higher purpose is considered to be one of the important factors that makes quality work attractive and promotes commitment and participation among employees. In addition, it is reflected in the leadership and contributes to an open and permissive culture. The study also shows that the phenomenon of attractive quality plays a contributing role in the work of continuous improvement as it strengthens employee commitment and promotes active participation. The following areas have been identified as creators of positive feelings that increase the interest in quality work among employees; a higher purpose, committed leadership and an open and permissive culture. Analysis shows that the phenomena have both similarities and differences and to some extent they also overlap. The relationship between a higher purpose and attractive quality is new knowledge which gives a new orientation to future studies. In addition, the results of the study are an important contribution to organizations that wish to strengthen their employee commitment in quality work.

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