Submitted by Marlene Aparecida de Souza Cardozo (mcardozo@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-25T15:19:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Pires Pereira.pdf: 1646781 bytes, checksum: 60c61310dba93e5b867dd43b308b0192 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-25T15:19:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Pires Pereira.pdf: 1646781 bytes, checksum: 60c61310dba93e5b867dd43b308b0192 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-17 / The main purpose of this essay is to demonstrate that the theory of the abuse of rights can be applied to all of the possessory situations within the obligational legal relations, to the possessory situations itself and in the family and succession law. This theoretical study has as a starting point the origins of the abuse of rights in the Roman Law, as well as the jurisprudence and foreign law, is supported by the evolution of the abuse of rights in the Brazilian law under the Federal Constitution of 1988, especially after the implementation of the Civil Code of 2002. The phenomenon of the constitutional of civil law is the central axis of the dogmatic framing of the abuse of rights in an unitary and open law system, which finds its axiological basis for the assignment of the juridical positions to its holders in the principals of the dignity of the human person, of the material equality and of the solidarity. This assignment undergoes a constitutional analysis to the conformation of the private law within the fundamental and social rights which must guide the conduct of the right holders in a society based on the democratic consent, otherwise there will be abuse of rights for the transgression of the finalistic element of the rights and for violation of the obligation related to the reliability of the legal relations. The acknowledgment of the possession as a social fact, propellant of a possessory right which finds its internal purpose in the protection of the existential, economic and social interests of the people, as well as a limit to human behaviors, allows the construction of the concept of the abuse of rights in the possessory legal relations / O principal objetivo desta tese de doutorado é demonstrar que a teoria do abuso do direito pode ser empregada às situações possessórias no âmbito das relações jurídicas obrigacionais, possessórias propriamente ditas e no direito das famílias e das sucessões. Essa investigação teórica tem como ponto de partida a origem do abuso no direito romano, bem como na jurisprudência e direitos estrangeiros, encontra respaldo e acolhida na evolução do abuso do direito no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro sob a égide da Constituição Federal de 1988, especialmente após a entrada em vigor do Código Civil de 2002. O fenômeno da constitucionalização do direito civil constitui o eixo central da construção dogmática do abuso do direito em sistema jurídico unitário e aberto, que encontra nos princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana, da igualdade material e da solidariedade os fundamentos axiológicos e valorativos para o exercício das posições jurídicas reconhecidas pelo direito objetivo aos respectivos titulares. Esse exercício sofre constante filtragem constitucional para a conformidade do direito privado à luz dos direitos fundamentais e sociais que devem nortear a conduta dos respectivos titulares em uma sociedade ancorada no consenso democrático, sob pena de abuso do direito por ofensa ao elemento finalístico interno dos direitos e por violação dos deveres de relacionados à proteção da confiança nas relações jurídicas. O reconhecimento da posse como um fato social propulsor de um direito possessório que tem na tutela dos interesses existenciais, econômicos e sociais dos cidadãos a sua finalidade interna e o limite aos comportamentos humanos permite a construção justificada da ideia de abuso do direito nas relações jurídicas possessórias

[pt] O objetivo geral desta dissertação é verificar a possibilidade de aplicação de regime jurídico diverso ao proposto pelo Código Civil a situações jurídicas existenciais que envolvem a tomada de decisão das crianças e adolescentes, sobretudo àquelas que envolvem decisão sobre o próprio corpo. Para tanto, há três objetivos específicos a serem desenvolvidos. O primeiro deles é a apresentação da teoria da capacidade jurídica e os direitos fundamentais da personalidade para compreender a perspectiva de disposição jurídica de direitos fundamentais da personalidade. Em continuidade o segundo objetivo é investigar a dignidade da pessoa humana como autonomia para verificar a aplicação de teorias que sustentem a autonomia privada da criança e do adolescente em situações jurídicas existenciais. Por fim, o terceiro objetivo é discutir a capacidade de agir da criança e do adolescente em situações jurídicas existenciais a partir de três casos concretos. Como conclusão geral sustenta-se a aplicação da teoria realista da capacidade de agir, aproximando os conceitos de titularidade e legitimidade sempre que a criança e o adolescente reunirem os requisitos para serem sujeitos do consentimento, devendo ser observados os critérios de validade do consentimento. Concluiu-se ainda que a teoria realista da capacidade de agir deva ser aplicada para dar voz e dignidade aos menores quando envolverem situações jurídicas existenciais de efeitos reversíveis de sorte que esta última conclusão criou três zonas de aplicação da teoria de modo a graduá-la para respeitar o processo de desenvolvimento maturacional do menor e assegurar, assim, sua dignidade. / [en] The general objective of this dissertation is to verify the possibility of applying a different legal regime than the proposed by the Civil Code to existential legal situations involving decision making of children and adolescents, especially those that involve decision about their own body. To this end, there are three specific objectives to be developed. The first is the presentation of the theory of legal capacity and the fundamental rights of personality in order to understand the perspective of legal provision of fundamental rights of personality. The second objective is to investigate the human dignity as autonomy to verify the application of theories to support the private autonomy of the child and adolescent in existential legal situations. Finally, the third objective is to discuss the ability to act of children and adolescents in existential legal situations from three specific cases. As a general conclusion it is sustained the application of realist theory s ability to act, bringing together concepts of ownership and legitimacy when children and adolescents meet the requirements to be subject of consent, and that the criteria of validity of the consent must be observed. It was also concluded that the realist theory of capacity to act should be applied to give voice and dignity to children and adolescents when they involve existential legal situations of reversible effects. So that the latter conclusion has created three areas of application of the theory in order to upgrade it to respect the process of maturational development of children and adolescents and thus ensure their dignity.

Au début des années 1880, la théorie du ministre-juge entretient encore la fragmentation des actes unilatéraux de l’administration. La méthode d’exposition du droit administratif alimente également la dispersion de ces actes et nourrit le morcellement de leurs règles. Près d’une cinquantaine d’années sera nécessaire pour ordonner cette diversité, pour forger une conception générale de l’acte administratif unilatéral obéissant à un régime unifié. Afin de se représenter le processus d’élaboration de l’acte administratif unilatéral, la doctrine et le juge puisent conjointement dans le fonds conceptuel subjectif. Instruments traditionnels de la science juridique, à l’efficacité éprouvée, la volonté et la personnalité juridique révèlent, à partir de la fin du XIXe siècle, l’essence logique de l’acte administratif unilatéral. L’émergence d’une conception unifiée de l’acte n’est cependant pas le fruit de l’utilisation servile des matériaux hérités de la science juridique classique. Alors que cet outillage a été pensé pour un sujet libre et agissant ordinairement pour son propre compte, les administrativistes doivent systématiser l’activité juridique d’hommes agissant pour le compte d’êtres collectifs, privés de volonté propre. Les spécificités de l’acte administratif unilatéral requièrent donc un imposant travail d’adaptation. A la tradition, succède l’innovation lors de la conceptualisation du résultat de l’opération décisionnelle. A l’inverse du juge administratif, la doctrine repousse le legs des civilistes pour penser l’effet de droit et imagine un concept, la situation juridique, reflétant l’épanouissement de l’objectivisme. Son ambition de contenir le subjectivisme l’incite également à rompre avec ses premiers inspirateurs, les théoriciens allemands du droit public. La théorie de l’hétérolimitation de l’Etat, qui remplace celle de l’autolimitation, influe alors sur la conception de l’autorité des actes administratifs unilatéraux. / At the begining of the 1880’s, the theory of the « Minister-Judge » continues to maintain the partition of the unilateral administrative acts. The methodology of the Doctrine then in use, contributes to scatter the Administration’s decisions and feeds the fragmentation of the rules. It will take about fifty years to overcome this divesity and to forge a general conception of the unilateral administrative act governed by a unified legal system. In order to picture the elaborating process of the unilateral adminstrative act, the Doctrine and the Judge jointly draw in the subjective conceptual collection. Starting from the end of the 19th century onwards, the logical essence of the unilateral administrative act has been revealed by the traditionnal and proven tools of legal science, ie the Will and the Legal Body. However, the emergence of a unified conception of the Act is not the outcome of a servile use of the materials supplied by the classical legal science. While this tool set has been elaborated for a free subject, acting - in most cases - for its own behalf, the administrativists think over the legal activities of men, acting on behalf of collective bodies, without personal will. The specifics of the unilateral administrative act, then require a significant adaptation work. Innovation succeeds tradition in the conceptualisation of the result of the decision process. Contrary to the Judge, the Doctrine, through objectivism development, pushes back the heritage of the civilists and imagines the effect of the unilateral administrative act through an innovative concept : the legal situation. The Doctrine’s ambition to contain subjectivism also leads to the break up with the german theorists of public law who were the first inspiring masters. The theory of heterolimitation of the State, which replaces the doctrine of self limitation, influences over the conception of the authority of unilateral administrative acts.

La présente thèse part d’une tendance de la jurisprudence européenne, destinée à influencer la jurisprudence nationale de droit international privé, et se trouve dans le prolongement d’un grand débat doctrinal d’actualité. Il s’agit de la méthode de reconnaissance des situations juridiques, qui suppose l’abandon de la règle de conflit de lois. L’objectif est de conceptualiser cette nouvelle méthode et d’en définir le domaine et les conditions de mise en œuvre. Vu les particularités du sujet, la recherche passe nécessairement par plusieurs thèmes fondamentaux du droit international privé mais aussi du droit européen, du droit privé général et de la théorie du droit. / Inspired by a trend in the European case law, which is meant to affect the national ones, the dissertation takes part to a topical debate among European academics on the putting aside the choice-of-law rules. It is about application of so-called recognition method to the foreign legal situations that haven’t been enacted in court. The purpose is to conceptualise this new method and to determine its scope and its modalities. Given the particularity of the task, the study necessarily bears on several pivotal topics of private international law but also of European law, general private law and jurisprudence.

En appréhendant les éléments du droit international privé, en sa notion la plus large, pour les appliquer aux situations associées à l’activité sportive en général et au droit du sport en particulier, cette étude se propose de forger les piliers d’un droit international privé du sport. En effet, seront abordées premièrement des thématiques ayant trait à la nationalité, étatique comme sportive, des athlètes composant le le mouvement sportif. Dans un deuxième temps, ce travail se penchera sur l’identification et la détermination tant des autorités compétentes pour les situations juridico-sportives de dimension internationale, que sur le droit applicable à ces dernières. / Through the examination of the elements of the private international law and their contrast to situations associated with sports practice in general, and to Sports Law in particular, this thesis intends to establish the pillars of the private international law on sport. In this regard, the topics related to the nationality of the athletes, either granted by the State Law or Sports Law, are initially addressed. Subsequently, this thesis aims to identify and to determine the competent authorities and the applicable law to rule over international legal issues related to sport. / A partir do exame dos elementos do direito internacional privado e da contraposição dos mesmos a situações associadas à prática esportiva, de modo geral, e ao direito desportivo, em particular, este estudo pretende erigir os pilares do direito internacional privado do esporte. Com efeito, são abordadas, em um primeiro momento, temáticas relacionadas à nacionalidade, estatal e esportiva, dos atletas que integram o movimento esportivo. Na sequência, o objeto da tese repousa sobre a identificação e a determinação tanto das autoridades competentes para a apreciação das situações jurídico-desportivas de dimensão internacional, quanto do direito aplicável a estas últimas.