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Juan Luis Segundo (1925-1996) was a Uruguayan Jesuit priest who, I argue, based his liberation theology on his understanding of existentialism. The major contribution of this thesis is the exploration of unknown and unexplored sources in Segundo's work. These sources support my thesis of his basis in existentialism and are corroborated by his mature theology. This thesis is significant because the connection between existentialism and liberation theology has been widely overlooked. My starting point is Segundo's 1948 book, in which he combines existentialism with personalism and develops a transcendental method grounded in love and inter-subjectivity. The following three chapters develop my argument through his engagement with four existentialist thinkers: Berdyaev, Sartre and Camus, and Heidegger. Chapter 3 demonstrates how Segundo follows Berdyaev's primacy of freedom, which allows for human creativity, but Segundo takes it as a "quality of the will" and relates freedom to love. Berdyaev influences Segundo's preference for a methodology yielding consistent growth rather than a systematic approach to theology. Chapter 4 shows how Sartre's and Camus' understanding of freedom and limits influenced Segundo's sense that a person's lived reality must be the starting point for theological reflection (e.g. the hermeneutic circle). In chapter 5, I use an unpublished manuscript to show how Segundo uses the place of tradition in the Christian church and the role of tradition in Heidegger's phenomenological analysis of Dasein in order to build his theology of "liberative human seeking and divine revelation". In the final two chapters, I draw the new sources together with two of Segundo's widely read books: Faith and Ideologies (1982) in chapter 6 and The Liberation of Theology (1975) in chapter 7. In chapter 6, the transcendental method he first wrote about in 1948 returns and he addresses materialism and personalism. Chapter 7 serves as my conclusion and uses Segundo's hermeneutic circle as the fullest manifestation of my argument.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PSO - Fernando C Paulino Pereira.pdf: 476398 bytes, checksum: 374765d27422bd1e59d28ea02d60f60d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research had as its main focus the religious experience of activists who define themselves as Methodist protestants and that became involved in social movements oriented by Liberation Theology, with the objective of understanding the formation and transformation process of human identity as a metamorphosis that searches for emancipation. In the analysis of these formative processes there was also the concern to understand the integration processes of these activists in society, being identified as incarnated personages as possible idiosyncratic forms of assumed roles in social groups, movements and/or organizations. In the measure that such roles are affected by identity policies that define role expectations, the struggle for emancipation was not done without the necessity of articulating overcoming possibilities with mechanisms of the change of presuppositions that search to establish the reproduction of conventional collective identities. With this, the pretension was to contribute with subsidies that permit the elaboration of a scientific-psychological basis for the práxis of the social psychologist, aiming at overcoming preconceptions and reductionist approaches of the religious experience, and verify if and how it can have an emancipation sense in the story of the activists. In a qualitative approach we study the narratives of the life stories of four activists, as potential expressions of the construction of new sense of life that transforms their identities in a movement that involves the overcoming of contradictions by the replacement of conventional presuppositions, in the quest of emancipation - according to understanding of identity as the metamorphosis of Ciampa (1987/2005) and the post-Metaphysical thought of Habermas (1988/2002). We conclude that in the process of militancy and in the change of identity, as metamorphosis in search of emancipation, the activists individualize in their attempt to establish their political identities with autonomy as they confront the bureaucratic power of the religious organization. In the effort to appropriate and, at the same time, to surpass the identity policy, to which they had been exposed the socialization process, we saw that in the process of individualization that the activists had developed their political identities and had become more fully political activists / Esta pesquisa teve como foco principal a experiência religiosa de sujeitos que se autodefinem como protestantes metodistas e que se envolveram em movimentos sociais orientados pela Teologia da Libertação, com o objetivo de compreender o processo de formação e transformação da identidade humana como metamorfose que busca a emancipação. Na análise desses processos formativos também houve a preocupação de compreender os processos de integração desses sujeitos na sociedade, verificando as personagens encarnadas por eles como possíveis formas idiossincráticas de assumir papéis sociais em grupos, movimentos sociais e/ou organizações. Na medida em que tais papéis são afetados por políticas de identidade que definem expectativas de papéis, a luta pela emancipação não se fez sem a necessidade de articular possibilidades de superação com mecanismos de reposição de pressupostos que buscam estabelecer a reprodução de identidades coletivas convencionais. Com isso, a pretensão foi de contribuir com subsídios que permitam elaborar fundamentação científico-psicológica para a práxis do psicólogo social, visando à superação de preconceitos e abordagens reducionistas sobre a experiência religiosa, de forma a verificar se e como a mesma pode ter sentido emancipatório na história de sujeitos. Numa abordagem qualitativa estudamos as narrativas de histórias de vida de quatro sujeitos, como expressões potenciais da construção de novos sentidos de vida que metamorfoseiam suas identidades num movimento que envolve tanto a superação de contradições como a reposição de pressupostos convencionais, na busca da emancipação - segundo a compreensão da identidade enquanto metamorfose de Ciampa (1987/2005) e do pensamento pós-metafísico de Habermas (1988/2002). Concluímos que no processo de militância e no movimento da identidade, como metamorfose em busca de emancipação, os sujeitos vão se individualizando na tentativa de concretizar suas identidades políticas com alguma autonomia frente ao poder da burocracia da organização religiosa. No esforço de se apropriarem e, ao mesmo tempo, superarem políticas de identidade, a que foram expostos no processo socialização, vimos que é no processo de individualização que os sujeitos desenvolveram suas identidades políticas e se tornaram mais plenamente sujeitos políticos

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriano Henriques Machado.pdf: 2482007 bytes, checksum: df0fe141b87e6213727cfb0ec2d7a61c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper discusses the relations between the various sectors Catholics in thebig region of São Paulo with the Workers s Party (PT) during the period between 1978 and 1982, from the perspectives of social history, ie, their tensions, disputes, approaches, rejections and points of identification and convergence. Inside the juncture of the various movements that have emerged over the years 1970 and later articulated the creation of PT, discusses the relations between the various Catholic groups such as: Pastoral Workers (PO), Basic Ecclesial Communities (BEC), Commissions Justice and Peace, the hierarchy itself, among others, with popular movements and labor-union movements. Moreover, examines how the hierarchy, the various groups and Catholics were related and positioned himself in the presence to political openness, reorganizing party and the elections of 1982, ie, since the joints seeking to create a Popular Party (PP), passing through the creation of the PT, it s consolidation and the involvement of party elections in 1982 / O presente trabalho discute as relações estabelecidas entre os diversos setores católicos da região da grande São Paulo com o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), durante o período de 1978 e 1982, a partir das perspectivas da história social, ou seja, de suas tensões, disputas, aproximações, rejeições e pontos de identificação e convergência. No interior da conjuntura dos diversos movimentos que emergiram ao longo dos anos 1970 e que posteriormente articularam a criação do PT, problematiza as relações estabelecidas entre os diversos grupos católicos tais como: Pastoral Operária (PO), Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEBs), Comissões de Justiça e Paz, a própria hierarquia, dentre outros, com os movimentos populares e os movimentos operáriosindicais. Além disso, analisa como a hierarquia, os diversos grupos e militantes católicos relacionaram-se e posicionaram-se perante a abertura política, a reorganização partidária e as eleições de 1982, ou seja, desde as articulações visando a criação de um Partido Popular (PP), passando pela criação do PT, por sua consolidação e a participação do partido nas eleições de 1982

O presente trabalho é um estudo sobre as memórias de participantes de Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEBs) numa região paroquial de Santo André. Trata-se de tentar compreender as relações dialéticas entre a vida social e a subjetividade das pessoas que narram suas lembranças. Foi escolhido o procedimento de História Oral de Vida, a fim de captar o conjunto das experiências vividas, desde a infância até o momento presente, ao longo de suas trajetórias e reconstruídas na narrativa memorial de cada um. Os narradores percorrem suas lembranças, unindo-as a reflexões, avaliações, explicações e interpretações que tendem à formação de um sentido totalizante de vida. A fé, os compromissos sociais e políticos, os espaços, as relações sociais, os desenvolvimentos humanos, as respostas às dificuldades, os valores, o trabalho, as relações com o tempo e com os testemunhos pessoais, são alguns dos aspectos destacados das memórias neste estudo. O pesquisador constrói, com os narradores, algumas reflexões acerca dos aspectos que emergem das memórias, tendo a companhia de autores como Ecléa Bosi, Maurice Halbwachs, Karl Marx, István Mészáros, José Moura G. Filho, Guimarães Rosa, os teólogos da libertação, entre outros. O estudo teve como eixo 4 sujeitos e suas histórias de vida, enriquecidas por observações em espaços diversos e convivências com muitos outros participantes de movimentos e grupos afins às CEBs, especialmente no ABC. / This study is about the memories of the participants of Basic Ecclesial Communities (BECs) in a parish area in Santo André. The aim of this work is to understand the dialectical relationship between social life and the subjectivity of the persons who narrate their recollections. In order to capture the totality of life experiences from childhood until the present time (as they are rebuilt in the individual memorial narrative), the method employed is Oral History of Life. Narrators travel through their memories and unite them to reflections, critical evaluations, explanations and interpretations which tend to form a totalizing sense of life. Aspects as faith, political and social commitments, social relations and spaces, human developments, responses when faced with difficulties, values, work and the relationship with time and personal testimonies have all emerged from the recollections here gathered. The researcher builds some reflections with the narrators about the elements which arise from their narrated memories, resorting to authors such as Ecléa Bosi, Maurice Halbwachs, Karl Marx, István Mészáros, José Moura G. Filho, Guimarães Rosa, liberation theologists and others. This study is based on four individuals and their life histories and was enriched by observations in several different spaces and by the close personal relationship with many other militants of groups and movements related to the BECs, particularly in the region of ABC.

O presente trabalho é um estudo sobre as memórias de participantes de Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEBs) numa região paroquial de Santo André. Trata-se de tentar compreender as relações dialéticas entre a vida social e a subjetividade das pessoas que narram suas lembranças. Foi escolhido o procedimento de História Oral de Vida, a fim de captar o conjunto das experiências vividas, desde a infância até o momento presente, ao longo de suas trajetórias e reconstruídas na narrativa memorial de cada um. Os narradores percorrem suas lembranças, unindo-as a reflexões, avaliações, explicações e interpretações que tendem à formação de um sentido totalizante de vida. A fé, os compromissos sociais e políticos, os espaços, as relações sociais, os desenvolvimentos humanos, as respostas às dificuldades, os valores, o trabalho, as relações com o tempo e com os testemunhos pessoais, são alguns dos aspectos destacados das memórias neste estudo. O pesquisador constrói, com os narradores, algumas reflexões acerca dos aspectos que emergem das memórias, tendo a companhia de autores como Ecléa Bosi, Maurice Halbwachs, Karl Marx, István Mészáros, José Moura G. Filho, Guimarães Rosa, os teólogos da libertação, entre outros. O estudo teve como eixo 4 sujeitos e suas histórias de vida, enriquecidas por observações em espaços diversos e convivências com muitos outros participantes de movimentos e grupos afins às CEBs, especialmente no ABC. / This study is about the memories of the participants of Basic Ecclesial Communities (BECs) in a parish area in Santo André. The aim of this work is to understand the dialectical relationship between social life and the subjectivity of the persons who narrate their recollections. In order to capture the totality of life experiences from childhood until the present time (as they are rebuilt in the individual memorial narrative), the method employed is Oral History of Life. Narrators travel through their memories and unite them to reflections, critical evaluations, explanations and interpretations which tend to form a totalizing sense of life. Aspects as faith, political and social commitments, social relations and spaces, human developments, responses when faced with difficulties, values, work and the relationship with time and personal testimonies have all emerged from the recollections here gathered. The researcher builds some reflections with the narrators about the elements which arise from their narrated memories, resorting to authors such as Ecléa Bosi, Maurice Halbwachs, Karl Marx, István Mészáros, José Moura G. Filho, Guimarães Rosa, liberation theologists and others. This study is based on four individuals and their life histories and was enriched by observations in several different spaces and by the close personal relationship with many other militants of groups and movements related to the BECs, particularly in the region of ABC.

本世紀中葉，在拉丁美洲興起了一股以「解放」為主題的思潮，這股思潮 是在基督宗教的脈絡中發展的，稱為「解放神學」(the theology of liberation)。拉丁美洲諸國在歷經歐洲霸權國家數世紀以來的殖民，已 感受到強烈的桎梏；加上二次大戰後美國強勢經濟的操控、國內政局的不 穩定、種族問題的嚴重，使拉丁美洲的處境如雪上加霜。基督宗教的神父 、牧師在實際的牧靈工作中看見了整個社會現象中最殘酷的一面：貧窮、 失業、疾病、死亡。上溯其原因，不外乎經濟資源的分配不當、政治的高 壓剝奪人民的參政權利、軍隊橫行致使政權不穩、社會動盪。於是，站在 基督宗教的立場、以聖經為依歸、以社會科學為分析工具，在對所在處境 做深度瞭解後，漸形成一套以「解放」為中心的情境化神學。從一九六八 年「解放神學」定名已來，其最為人注目的，即是馬克思主義的思想在其 理論中的醒目地位。神學家運用馬克思主義分析資本主義社會的方法，藉 以理解拉丁美洲的現況。因為，解放神學是從實踐中衍生的神學，強調「 正確實踐優先於正確理論」，故此，在運用馬克思主義思想的同時，亦傾 向社會主義的社會體制，甚至，較激進者更贊成以革命的手段來推翻現有 不公義的體制。本文基於以上的背景，即以「解放」為主題，以「人性與 社會」為主軸，探討解放神學與馬克思主義的解放觀、其解放方法，及二 者之間的種種關係。全文共一冊，分五章十五節，凡二十四萬字，各章內 容摘要如下：第一章：對拉丁美洲的處境作了一番介紹，以作為理論鋪陳 的基礎。 第二章：比較了馬克思主義與解放神學對於「解放」的概念及 範疇。 第三章：則比較二者對於邁向「解放」的方法論。第四章：則處 理二者之關聯性的問題，包括來源與運用，以及其批判。 第五章：從四 個方面對「解放」這個概念與行動提出哲學反省。

The purpose of this investigation is to discuss the relevance of Black theology in light of the emergence of reconstruction theology. It offers a critical survey of a range of contributions on this issue, questioning whether scholars who have used Black theology as a form of self description should shift emphasis, from the paradigm of liberation to reconstruction. The significance of this study has to be understood within the context of the proposal to redirect African theological initiatives from liberation theologies to reconstruction theology. The basis for this call was the end of apartheid in South Africa, which signalled the independence of all countries on the African continent.

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Project (D. Min.)--Perkins School of Theology, Southern Methodist University, 1988. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [265]-275).