No description available.

Background: Professional interpreters are used when nursing staff need to communicate with patients but there’s not a common language. Interpreters want to cooperate with nurses. Interpreters want to give hope to the patients and alleviate their suffering which leads to distortion of information. Patients appreciate when interpreters show respect but are worried over interpreters not translating correctly. Patients then want to use family members instead. Relatives experience interpreting as rewarding, but it can change the family dynamics. Purpose: To describe nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with the help of an interpreter. Method: A descriptive literature study. Thirteen scientific nursing articles were used in the result. Results: Nurses experienced that interpreters had an important role for breaking the language barrier and provide good care. Norms and values demanded adjustments in the nursing care. Development of professional competence and education was needed for a good collaboration between nurses and interpreters. Conclusion: Professional interpreters’ hade a necessary role to enable an effective communication and a good nursing care. When interpreters function failed it affected the nursing care negatively. Further professional competence for nurses and interpreters was needed to ensure a good care. / Bakgrund: Professionella tolkar kan användas av vårdpersonal när det finns behov att kommunicera med patienter som inte talar samma språk. Tolkar vill samarbeta med sjuksköterskor för att fylla en kunskapslucka. Tolkar vill ge hopp till patienter och lindra deras lidande, vilket ibland leder till att de förvränger information. Patienter uppskattar när tolkar visar respekt men är oroliga över att information bortfaller. Patienter vill då i stället ha anhöriga i tolkrollen. Anhöriga ser det som givande att hjälpa till, dock riskerar det en förändrad familjedynamik. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med hjälp av tolk. Metod: Litteraturstudie med beskrivande syntes. 13 vårdvetenskapliga artiklar ingick i resultatet. Resultat: Sjuksköterskor erfor att tolkar hade en viktig roll för att kunna bryta språkbarriären och ge en god omvårdnad. Tolkars och patienters normer och värderingar krävde anpassningar i sjuksköterskors omvårdnadsarbete. Utveckling av yrkeskompetens och utbildning krävdes för ett gott samarbete mellan sjuksköterskor och tolkar. Slutsats: Professionella tolkar hade en nödvändig roll för att möjliggöra en effektiv kommunikation och en god omvårdnad. När tolkars funktion brast påverkade det sjuksköterskors omvårdnadsarbete negativt. Ytterligare yrkeskompetens för sjuksköterskor och tolkar behövdes för att säkerställa en god omvårdnad.

I Sverige drabbas omkring 2% av befolkningen av hjärtsvikt, således är det sannolikt att den grundutbildade sjuksköterskan kommer att behöva bemöta samt vårda denna patientgrupp. Hjärtsvikt är en kronisk sjukdom där hjärtats funktion är nedsatt, detta innebär en livslång behandling med ansvar på patienten att följa egenvårdsråd och monitorera sina symtom. För att i bästa mån kunna bedriva god omvårdnad och stödja patienterna i sin hjärtsvikt, krävs det att sjuksköterskan är införstådd i patientens perspektiv. Syfte: Litteraturstudiens syfte var att belysa patienters upplevelser av hur hjärtsvikt påverkar det dagliga livet. Metod: Litteraturstudien genomfördes med kvalitativ ansats, där litteratursökningen av kvalitativa empiriska studier utfördes i databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. Tolv artiklar valdes ut och kvalitetsgranskades enligt SBU:s granskningsmall. En innehållsanalys utfördes enligt Popenoe m.fl. metod för dataanalys av kvalitativa artiklar. Resultat: Ur analysen framkom det tre huvudkategorier och åtta underkategorier. Huvudkategorierna var följande: Personliga besvär av att leva med hjärtsvikt, Hinder i det dagliga livet samt Strategier för att hantera livet med hjärtsvikt. Patienterna besvärades av fysiska, psykiska samt existentiella besvär. Till följd av besvären blev patienterna begränsade, både kroppsligt, mentalt och socialt, där de kroppsliga och mentala begränsningarna resulterade i att patienterna hamnade i beroendeställning av andra. Slutligen framkom strategier som patienterna hade skapat för att hantera livet med hjärtsvikt. Konklusion: Ur litteraturstudiens resultat kan det påvisas att hjärtsvikt hade påverkan på patienternas dagliga liv. Flera aspekter och dimensioner av patienternas vardag blev påverkade. Om sjuksköterskor får ökad förståelse för patienternas perspektiv av sjukdomen, kan deras professionsutövande utvecklas i positiv riktning. / Circa 2% of the Swedish population suffer from heart failure, therefore there is a possibility that every nurse will at least once need to attend to this patient-group. Heart failure is a chronic condition where the heart function is reduced, this leads to life-long treatment with the patient being responsible for following self-care instructions and monitoring their symptoms. In order to provide the best possible care for patients with heart failure, it is necessary that nurses understand the patient’s perspective of their condition. Aim: The aim of the literature study was to illustrate patients’ experiences of how heart failure affects daily life. Method: The literature study was based on a qualitative study design. The database search was conducted in the databases PubMed and Cinahl. Twelve scientific articles were quality checked according to SBU’s review template. The data analysis was performed using Popenoe’s et al. method for analysing qualitative articles. Results: Three categories and eight subcategories emerged from the data analysis. The main categories were: Personal difficulties due to living with heart failure, Obstacles in daily life and Strategies to cope with living with heart failure. The patients were troubled by physical, psychological and existential difficulties. Because of the difficulties, the patients became hindered in physical, mental and social aspects of life. The physical and mental obstacles resulted in patients becoming dependent on others in their daily life. Finally, the results showed that patients created strategies to cope living with heart failure. Conclusion: The literature study’s result demonstrated that heart failure affects patients’ daily lives. Several aspects and dimensions of the patients’ daily lives were affected. If nurses were to gain a deeper understanding of patients' experiences of heart failure, then their professional practice could develop in a positive direction.

This study deals with the relationship between culture and national development in Angola. It is self-evident that folktales are integral to the cultural heritage of any people, and the Lunda-Cokwe of Angola are no exception. Folktales pass on their knowledge and general cultural heritage to new generation. However, they are rarely regarded as a useful component on development process of a country. In general the development is largely measured in statistics reflecting material wealth. It maintains that, in order to bring about sustainable development and national unity, a holistic approach to personality building as well as nation building is required. The argumentation will not only take into account economic capital generated through national resources, such as diamonds from the Lunda provinces, but also requires other forms of capital, including social and cultural capital as articulated in Bourdieu’s theory of capital. / African languages / M.A. (African languages)

Thesis (MA) -- Stellenbosch University, 1985. / No abstract available

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015

Thesis (MEd) -- Stellenbosch University, 1991. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study aims at contributing towards the improvement of teaching, in secondary schools, of written composition and literature in Afrikaans as a first language. · For this purpose, an outline of the relevant literature is presented. It is evident that the teaching of Afrikaans is not entirely sound. As simple solution does not exist; however, this study is an attempt to improve the present situation by focussing on integrated teaching and on the implementation of the media. Technological development puts the media within reach of more people each day. Pupils spend a great deal of time watching television, films and videos; or listening to the radio, records and cassettes. They read newspapers and magazines. This study maintains that the media should therefore be utilized to advance the teaching of Afrikaans, as all communicative skills will then improve in particular reading and writing. An integrative approach to teaching is widely recognised as the ideal. Neuropsychological research has shown that the human brain functions optimally when teaching is integrated. Ideally, in regard to the teaching of a language, composition writing and literature study should merge. The current South African curriculum does not as yet place enough emphasis on this aspect. This study concludes that there is a need for integrated teaching to be introduced into the curriculum for Afrikaans as first language. A second conclusion is that the media, which can serve as device for blending written composition and literature teaching, is not yet exploited effectively. Pupils display an ardent interest in the media and it follows that the media should be used intentionally and as a prominent component of the teaching programme. An integrated teaching programme, which focusses on the media, is proposed in this study. Practical suggestions are made in this regard, proving that the media can serve as crucial point of integration for the teaching of written composition and literature. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om deur 'n oorsig van die relevante literatuur 'n bydrae te lewer tot die onderrig van stelwerk en letterkunde in Afrikaans as Eerste Taal in die senior sekondere skoolfase. Dit is duidelik dat alles nie wel is met die onderrig van Afrikaans nie. 'n Enkelvoudige oplossing is nie moontlik nie, maar hierdie studie wil probeer om die betreklik negatiewe beeld wat bestaan, te verbeter. Die invalshoek wat gekies is, is die van mediagerigtheid. Die patr.oon wat gevolg is, is 'n ge1ntegreerde onderrigbenadering. Tegnologiese ontwikkeling plaas die media binne al meer mense se bereik en dit is 'n werklikheid dat leerlinge baie tyd aan televisie, rolprente, radio, musiekvideo's, liedjies, koerante en tydskrifte bestee. In hierdie studie is van die standpunt ui tgegaan dat hierdie tendens tot voordeel van Afrikaans aangewend moet word om die media te benut ten einde leerlinge se lees- e~ skryfvaardighede en dus oak hulle kommunikatiewe vaardighede te ontwikkel. 'n Ge1ntegreerde onderrigbenadering word allerwee as die ideaal erken. Neuropsigologiese navorsing het getoon dat die menslike brein optimaal funksioneer wanneer onderrig ge1ntegreerd aangebied word. Wat die komponente van taalonderrig betref, is die ideaal dat die stelwerk en "letterkunde ten nouste ge1ntegreer behoort te word. Die huidige situasie in Suid-Afrika vertoon egter nog leemtes, want binne die bestaande kurrikulum kom ge1ntegreerde onderrig nog nie tot sy reg nie. Die studie kom dan tot die eerste gevolgtrekking dat daar wel 'n behoefte bestaan aan ge1ntegreerde onderrig in die kurrikulum vir Afrikaans Eerste Taal. 'n Tweede belangrike gevolgtrekking is dat die media as ontmoetingspunt van stelwerk en letterkunde nie genoegsaam ontgin word nie. Aangesien leerlinge so 'n intense belangstelling toon in die media, is dit net logies dat die media grater prominensie verkry binne die huidige kurrikulum deur die bewustelike inskakeling van hierdie media in die onderrigprogram. Aan die hand van praktiese voorstelle en wenke is in hierdie studie 'n ge1ntegreerde onderrigprogram vir stelwerk en letterkunde met as fokuspunt die media, voorgestel. Op die wyse is bewys gelewer dat die media wel as integrasiepunt van stelwerk en letterkunde kan dien.

This study deals with the relationship between culture and national development in Angola. It is self-evident that folktales are integral to the cultural heritage of any people, and the Lunda-Cokwe of Angola are no exception. Folktales pass on their knowledge and general cultural heritage to new generation. However, they are rarely regarded as a useful component on development process of a country. In general the development is largely measured in statistics reflecting material wealth. It maintains that, in order to bring about sustainable development and national unity, a holistic approach to personality building as well as nation building is required. The argumentation will not only take into account economic capital generated through national resources, such as diamonds from the Lunda provinces, but also requires other forms of capital, including social and cultural capital as articulated in Bourdieu’s theory of capital. / African languages / M.A. (African languages)

Bakgrund: Demenssjukdom är en av de vanligaste sjukdomarna i världen och förväntas öka kraftigt. Demenssjukdom påverkar det dagliga livet för både den som är sjuk och för anhöriga. Problem: Många anhöriga vårdar sin närstående i hemmet i många år vilket påverkar dem i stor utsträckning. Oftast leder det till en kritisk punkt och beslut om flytt till särskilt boende blir aktuellt. Detta examensarbete kan vara till hjälp för att vårdpersonal ska möta och ge stöd på ett bra sätt. Syfte: Att beskriva anhörigas upplevelser i samband med flytt av deras närstående med demenssjukdom till särskilt boende. Metod: En kvalitativ systematisk litteraturstudie med beskrivande syntes. Resultat: Anhöriga upplevde sig ensam i sin situation och skuld gentemot sin närstående. De behövde anpassa sig till en ny livssituation. De önskade vara delaktiga i vården och att få känna trygghet i samverkan med vårdpersonal. Stöd av familj, vänner och andra personer var av stor vikt. De hade behov av samhörighet. Slutsats: Utifrån resultatet kan vårdpersonal möta och ge stöd på ett bra sätt till anhöriga när de är medvetna om anhörigas upplevelser när deras närstående flyttar. / Background: Dementia is one of the most common diseases in the world and is expected to increase considerably. Dementia affects the daily life for the one with the illness and for the relatives. Problem: many relatives take care of their related at home for many years which has proved being a burden for them. Most often, it leads to a critical point and the decision on the move to nursing home becomes necessary. This master thesis contribute to healthcare professionals to meet and provide support to relatives in a good way. Purpose: to describe the relatives experiences associated with the relocation of their related with dementia. Methods: A systematic literature review with descriptive synthesis. Results: Relatives felt alone in their situation and felt guilt toward their related. They had to adapt to a new life situation. They wanted to be involved in the care and wanted to feel secure when they interact with the healthcare professionals. The support of family, friends and other people were of great importance. They needed affinity. Conclusion: Based on the results healthcare professionals can respond to and provide support in a great way for family members when they are aware of the family's experiences in connection with the relocation of their relatives.

The problem was to develop a concept of teaching English for the adult (24 years old or older) undergraduate. The purposes were to make a statement on teaching the adult, survey adults for their perceptions of their needs and the ways the courses met them, review findings of schools offering special adult degree programs, and develop a typology of the adult undergraduate in English with teaching implications. Chapter I states the problem, purposes, significance, and limitations of the study. Chapter II develops the historical background. Chapter III covers the survey and its implications. Chapter IV presents teachers' views of teaching English for adults. Chapter V summarizes the study and sets forth a conceptual structure for teaching the adult undergraduate in such courses.