From the Peruvian Amazon: Contributions for teacher training in intercultural bilingual early childhood educationThe promotion of universal access to early childhood education should be accompanied by a serious analysis and reflection on the impact it can have on the primary socialization of native children. In this context it is essential to guarantee the existence of teacher training programs conscious of the relation between apprenticeship and culture which offer their students inputs that allow them to value, complement and enrich the educational processes which occur at home and in community settings. This paper presents some core issues of two curricula developed by and for Amazonian indigenous peoples. Even though both guidelines have been designed in Amazonian contexts, and respond to the needs and demands of Amazonian indigenous organizations, the topics included in this document may be used as referents for the critical examination of the way in which early childhood teacher training in intercultural bilingual education is being approached in other contexts. / La política de universalización de la educación inicial debe ir acompañada de un serio análisis y reflexión sobre el impacto que puede tener en los procesos de socialización primaria de niños y niñas de pueblos originarios. En este contexto es indispensable garantizar la existencia de programas de formación docente conscientes de la relación entre cultura y aprendizaje que ofrezcan a sus estudiantes insumos para valorar, complementar y enriquecer la formación que se da en el hogar y en la comunidad. Este artículo presenta algunos temas medulares de dos lineamientos curriculares diseñados «desde y para pueblos indígenas Amazónicos».Si bien ambos lineamientos han sido pensados desde la Amazonía, y responden a las necesidades y demandas de organizaciones indígenas de esta región, los temas incluidos en este documento podrían ser utilizados como referentes para examinarla manera cómo se está abordando la formación de docentes en la especialidad de educación inicial intercultural bilingüe en otros contextos.

Yes / Stringent social restrictions imposed during 2020 to counter the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic could significantly affect the wellbeing and quality of life of people with dementia living in the community and their family carers. We explored the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on people with dementia and family carers in England and considered how negative effects might be mitigated. We conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with 11 people with dementia and 11 family carers who were ongoing participants in the IDEAL cohort during the initial ‘lockdown’ period in May and June 2020, and follow-up interviews with five people with dementia and two carers as restrictions were eased in July. We analysed interview data and triangulated the findings with issues raised in dementia-specific online forums. Findings showed some people with dementia were coping well, but others experienced a range of negative impacts, with varying degrees of improvement as restrictions were eased. The need for clear personalised information relating to COVID-19 and the value of support in the form of regular ‘just checking’ phone calls was emphasised. This exceptional situation provides a natural demonstration of how social and psychological resources shape the potential to ‘live well’ with dementia. While some support is recommended for all, a personalised approach to determine needs and coping ability would ensure that further practical and emotional support is targeted effectively. / National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)

Muitos países da América Latina contam com pessoal de saúde cujas competências ora se aproximam, ora se afastam, do perfil do que no Brasil se vem denominando de Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS). Neste artigo, derivado de uma pesquisa qualitativa, ancorada no materialismo histórico e dialético, buscou-se compreender os arranjos que constituem a prática do ACS em suas variantes de atribuições e competências em seis países da região: Bolívia, Brasil, Cuba, Equador, Peru e Venezuela. Apenas como recurso dialógico, neste estudo todos esses trabalhadores são denominados ACS. Os elementos em comum em todos os países são que o ACS: a) aparece como um potente articulador e mobilizador dos interesses da comunidade; b) o processo de trabalho se desenvolve buscando criar estratégias para ampliar a capacidade das comunidades para reagir às desigualdades sociais; c) articula possibilidades internas aos países e as ancora estrategicamente nas diretrizes de órgãos internacionais que apoiam o fortalecimento dessas experiências; d) busca a definição de um espaço específico no quadro de trabalhadores da saúde, priorizando nesse sentido sua participação nas estratégias de cuidado comunitário das políticas de saúde realizadas pelo Estado; e) vivenciam e buscam superar a dicotomia entre a biomedicina e as práticas tradicionais defendendo-as como parte integrante, e não subordinada, das práticas institucionais de saúde. Nesse processo, os ACS buscam a recuperação e valorização, no cotidiano das ações de saúde, de elos e vínculos comunitários, solidariedade entre pessoas e grupos sociais, respeito ao ambiente e às diferentes explicações do mundo e do viver. / Many Latin American countries have health personnel whose skills sometimes converge or diverge, on the profile that Brazil defines of Community Health Workers (CHW). In this article, derived from a qualitative research, anchored in historical and dialectical materialism, we sought to understand the arrangements that constitute the practice of ACS in variants of powers and tasks in six countries in the region: Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Just as dialogical resource, in this study all these workers are called ACS. The common elements in all countries are the ACS: a) appears as a powerful community\'s interests in coordinating and mobilizing ; b) the work process develops seeking to create strategies to increase the capacity of communities to respond to social inequalities; c) provides an internal possibilities to countries and strategically anchored in the guidelines of international organizations that support the strengthening of these experiences; d) seeks to define a specific space in the health workers framework, prioritizing accordingly their participation in community care strategies of health policies made by the State; e) experience and seek to overcome the dichotomy between biomedicine and traditional practices defending them as an integral part, and not subject, institutional health practices. In the process, the ACS seek recovery and recovery in the daily health activities, links and community ties, solidarity between people and social groups, respect the environment and offer different explanations of the world and living.

Muitos países da América Latina contam com pessoal de saúde cujas competências ora se aproximam, ora se afastam, do perfil do que no Brasil se vem denominando de Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS). Neste artigo, derivado de uma pesquisa qualitativa, ancorada no materialismo histórico e dialético, buscou-se compreender os arranjos que constituem a prática do ACS em suas variantes de atribuições e competências em seis países da região: Bolívia, Brasil, Cuba, Equador, Peru e Venezuela. Apenas como recurso dialógico, neste estudo todos esses trabalhadores são denominados ACS. Os elementos em comum em todos os países são que o ACS: a) aparece como um potente articulador e mobilizador dos interesses da comunidade; b) o processo de trabalho se desenvolve buscando criar estratégias para ampliar a capacidade das comunidades para reagir às desigualdades sociais; c) articula possibilidades internas aos países e as ancora estrategicamente nas diretrizes de órgãos internacionais que apoiam o fortalecimento dessas experiências; d) busca a definição de um espaço específico no quadro de trabalhadores da saúde, priorizando nesse sentido sua participação nas estratégias de cuidado comunitário das políticas de saúde realizadas pelo Estado; e) vivenciam e buscam superar a dicotomia entre a biomedicina e as práticas tradicionais defendendo-as como parte integrante, e não subordinada, das práticas institucionais de saúde. Nesse processo, os ACS buscam a recuperação e valorização, no cotidiano das ações de saúde, de elos e vínculos comunitários, solidariedade entre pessoas e grupos sociais, respeito ao ambiente e às diferentes explicações do mundo e do viver. / Many Latin American countries have health personnel whose skills sometimes converge or diverge, on the profile that Brazil defines of Community Health Workers (CHW). In this article, derived from a qualitative research, anchored in historical and dialectical materialism, we sought to understand the arrangements that constitute the practice of ACS in variants of powers and tasks in six countries in the region: Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Just as dialogical resource, in this study all these workers are called ACS. The common elements in all countries are the ACS: a) appears as a powerful community\'s interests in coordinating and mobilizing ; b) the work process develops seeking to create strategies to increase the capacity of communities to respond to social inequalities; c) provides an internal possibilities to countries and strategically anchored in the guidelines of international organizations that support the strengthening of these experiences; d) seeks to define a specific space in the health workers framework, prioritizing accordingly their participation in community care strategies of health policies made by the State; e) experience and seek to overcome the dichotomy between biomedicine and traditional practices defending them as an integral part, and not subject, institutional health practices. In the process, the ACS seek recovery and recovery in the daily health activities, links and community ties, solidarity between people and social groups, respect the environment and offer different explanations of the world and living.

Cette étude sociologique porte sur la Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC) Antoine-Labelle dans la région des Hautes-Laurentides au Québec. Historiquement, depuis le début des années 1900, la forêt a constitué la principale assise économique et sociale de la MRC. Depuis 2005, « la crise forestière » frappe durement cette région québécoise. Un mouvement de la transition s’est installé au sein de la communauté régionale. À l’intersection de la nature et de la culture, le terroir se présente depuis lors comme l’une des voies privilégiées de la résilience. À travers le terroir, c’est le « vivre de » et le « bien vivre ensemble » que les habitants cherchent à repenser dans leur région. Aujourd’hui, plusieurs initiatives mettant en valeur le terroir régional, notamment des projets d’agriculture biologique, sont repérables à l’ensemble du territoire des Hautes-Laurentides. Plus qu’une simple ouverture économique, le terroir est porteur de nouveaux récits sociaux et symboliques dans la région. Dans ce mémoire de maîtrise, notre objectif est précisément de mettre en lumière les représentations sociales du terroir de certains acteurs du domaine agroalimentaire de la MRC Antoine-Labelle. Nous cherchons à comprendre comment le terroir se construit, se pense, se vit et se raconte dans cette région. En interrogeant dix-sept acteurs, notamment des agriculteurs, des artisans du domaine alimentaire, des chefs, des restaurateurs et des représentants de la gouvernance régionale, ceux-ci montrent que ce concept est porteur de valeurs sociales et environnementales qui répondent à de nouvelles aspirations au sein de la communauté. Non sans difficultés, le terroir renvoie pour les acteurs interrogés à des valeurs d’autonomie, de qualité de vie, de convivialité, de conscience écologique, d’éducation et d’espoir pour la relève à venir. Cette étude sociologique du terroir dans les Hautes-Laurentides jette finalement un éclairage nouveau sur le bien-vivre en région rurale au Québec. / This sociological study is about the Regional County Municipality (RCM) of Antoine-Labelle in the Hautes-Laurentides region of Quebec. Since the early 1900s, the forest has been the main economic and social base of the MRC. Since 2005, "the forestry crisis" has heavily affected this region of Quebec. A transition movement has emerged within the regional community. At the intersection of nature and culture, the terroir has appeared as one of the preferred pathways toward resilience. Through the terroir, it’s the ideas of "living" and "living together" that inhabitants are sinking to rethink in their region. Today, several initiatives which highlight the regional terroir, including organic farming projects, have emerged throughout the territory of the Hautes-Laurentides. More than just an economic opportunity, the terroir brings with it new social and symbolic narratives in the region. In this master thesis, our goal is precisely to highlight the social representations of the terroir of some actors in this field of activity in the Antoine-Labelle RCM. We seek to understand how the terroir is constructed, conceptualized, lived and told in this region. By interviewing seventeen actors, including farmers, artisans, chefs and representatives of regional governance, we show that this concept carries social and environmental values that express new aspirations within the community. For the actors interviewed and not without its challenges, the terroir refers to values such as autonomy, quality of life, friendliness, environmental awareness, education and hope for the next generation. This sociological study of the terroir in the Hautes-Laurentides sheds new light on what is meant by “living well” in rural Quebec.

Die immer offensichtlicher werdende Verflechtung der vielfältigen sozialen und ökologischen Krisen stellt Risikogesellschaften weltweit vor der Herausforderung, grundlegende Transformationen der vorherrschenden gesellschaftlichen Modelle und Lebensweisen vorzunehmen, welche sich an den kulturellen Vorstellungen des wohlhabenden globalen Nordens orientieren. Bisher haben sich jedoch sowohl internationale als auch lokale Versuche, globale Entwicklungspfade in Richtung „faire und nachhaltige“ Zukunft zu lenken, als weitgehend erfolglos erwiesen. Der weltweite Ressourcenverbrauch und die Degradierung der Biosphäre haben sich weiter verschärft und beschleunigt. In Anlehnung an die deutsche hermeneutische Tradition sowie an den französischen Poststrukturalismus und den amerikanischen symbolischen Interaktionismus versucht diese theoretische und empirische Dissertation, die strukturellen Zwänge zu modellieren, mit denen individuelle change agents konfrontiert sind, und sie daran hindern, sozial-ökologische "reale Utopien" (Bloch) voranzutreiben. Darüber hinaus nimmt diese Dissertation eine Typisierung möglicher Wege zur Überwindung solcher Einschränkungen vor, nämlich durch Eingriffe einer bestimmten Art von auf der meso-gesellschaftlichen Ebene operierender Agency, die wir als Para-Governance bezeichnen. Die Dissertation schließt mit einer Reflexion über die sich verändernden Formen und Funktionen von Governance im Anthropozän, die über herkömmliche, eng definierte rationalistische und institutionalistische Ansätze hinausgehen. / The increasingly apparent imbrication of the multiple social and ecological crises creates an imperative for “risk societies” worldwide to undertake fundamental transformations to the currently prevalent model of social organization shaped after the cultural imaginaries of the affluent Global North. So far, however, both international and local attempts at bending global developmental trajectories towards “fair and sustainable” futures have proven largely futile, with global resource-consumption and biosphere degradation further reinforcing and accelerating. Drawing on the German hermeneutic tradition, as well as on French post-structuralism and American symbolic interactionism, this theoretical cum empirical dissertation seeks to model the structural constraints weighting over ‘change agents’, thus preventing them from advancing social-ecological “real utopias” (Bloch), and typify possible ways of overcoming such constraints through interventions of a specific kind of agency identified as operating at the meso-societal level, which we refer to as para-governance. The dissertation concludes by reflecting on the changing forms and functions of governance in the Anthropocene beyond conventional narrowly defined rationalist and institutionalist approaches.