A presente dissertação, intitulada Estruturas Contingentes e Formas Resguardadas: o tecer como prática artística inserida no cotidiano, propõe a análise do processo de tecitura manual dos objetos que compõem a pesquisa. Ao sistematizar e analisar o processo dos referidos objetos, abordarei as interferências e intercorrências em espaços privados e públicos – experienciados enquanto lugares de atividades cotidianas e do exercício de tecer. Também estarão sob foco as reverberações dessas experiências no atelier e nos modos de exposição. / This dissertation, titled Contingent Structures and Withdrawn Shapes: weaving as an everyday art practice, proposes the analysis of the process of hand weaving the objects that make up the research. By systematizing and analyzing the process of said objects, I will approach interferences and events in private and public spaces - experienced as venues for everyday activities and for the act of weaving. Echoes of these experiences in the studio and in exhibition methods will also be addressed.

Introdução e Objetivos. Fosfatases são enzimas promissoras para aplicação na degradação de organofosforados. Por exemplo, a enzima paraoxonase 1 (PON1), associada à lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL), hidrolisa lactonas, ésteres aromáticos e compostos organofosforados (OP) neurotóxicos. \"Módulos de ligação a carboidrato\" (CBM) têm diversas aplicações biotecnológicas. Nosso objetivo é a obtenção de proteínas quiméricas contendo fosfatases ligadas a um módulo de ligação de celulose, o que possibilitaria a imobilização dessas enzimas em suportes de celulose. Resultados. Como prova de conceito, uma proteína quimérica contendo uma \"fosfatase ácida\" (appA) de E.coli e CBM familia 2 (CBM2) de uma celulase de Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri foi montada e produzida em E. coli como uma proteína recombinante solúvel. appA-CBM2 purificada demonstrou ser totalmente funcional exibindo atividade de ligação à celulose microcristalina (Avicel PH101) e atividade de fosfatase sobre p-nitrofenil fosfato. A ligação à Avicel evidenciou um comportamento de saturação descrito por uma \"constante de ligação\" (Kb) de 26 mg e um \"máximo de ligação\" (Bmax) de 4,45 U/µg. Além disso, a ligação de appA-CBM2 em Avicel foi maior em pH 2,5 e diminuiu acima de pH 6,5, como observado anteriormente para CBM2. Finalmente, o efeito de concentração de p-nitrofenil fosfato na atividade catalítica de appA-CBM2 e appA foi idêntico, exibindo um Km de 2,8 mM. Portanto, esses dados mostram que o conceito de uma proteína que combina as propriedades da fosfatase e do domínio de ligação à celulose é possível e funcional. De forma similar, os segmentos de DNA que codificam para o CBM2 e para a PON1 de Homo sapiens, foram fusionados resultando em um segmento que codifica para uma proteína quimérica (PON1-CBM2). PON1 nativa e PON1-CBM2 foram produzidas na forma solúvel e ativa em E.coli cepa Arctic. Embora não tenha sido viável sua purificação, estas enzimas foram caracterizadas. PON1-CBM2 liga-se em Avicel PH101 com um comportamento de saturação, descrito por uma constante de ligação (Kb) de 27 mg, valor idêntico àquele observado para appA-CBM2, o que sugere que o domínio CBM2 é igualmente funcional nestas duas enzimas quiméricas. PON1-CBM2 também exibe atividade paraoxonásica com Km similar àquele observado para PON1 nativa (1,3 mM), sugerindo que o \"domínio\" PON1 encontra-se totalmente funcional na enzima quimérica. Conclusão. Uma estratégia para a construção e expressão heteróloga em E. coli de PON1 e das enzimas quiméricas appA-CBM2 e PON1-CBM2 foi desenvolvida. As enzimas quiméricas mostraram-se totalmente funcionais e conservaram as propriedades de seus \"domínios\" constituintes. / Introduction and Aims. Phosphatases are promising enzymes for application in the degradation of organophosphates, whereas carbohydrate binding module has significant and demonstrated biotechnological applications. The high-density lipoprotein-associated enzyme paraoxonase 1 (PON1) hydrolyzes lactones, aromatic esters, and neurotoxic organophosphorus (OP) compounds. Our aim is to obtain chimeric proteins containing a phosphatase domain linked to a carbohydrate binding module (CBM), which could be immobilized on a cellulose supports. Results. As a proof of concept, a chimeric protein combining an acid phosphatase (appA) from E.coli and a CBM family 2 (CBM2) from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri was assembled and produced in E.coli as a recombinant soluble protein. Purified appA-CBM2 was fully functional, was bound to microcrystalline cellulose and exhibited phosphatase activity upon p-nitrophenyl phosphate. The binding to microcrystalline cellulose Avicel PH101 exhibited saturation with a binding constant (Kb) of 26 and a maximum binding (Bmax) of 4,45 U/µg. In addition, the binding was higher at pH 2.5 and decreased above pH 6.5, as previously observed for CBM2. Finally, effect of p-nitrophenyl phosphate concentration on appA-CBM2 and native appA activities were identical, exhibiting a Km of 2.8 mM. Taken together, these data show that the conceptual design of a protein combining the properties and biotechnological advantages of phosphatases and cellulose binding domains is possible and functional. Similarly, DNA segments coding for CBM2 and for PON1 from Homo sapiens combined resulting in a segment coding for a chimeric protein (PON1-CBM2). Native PON1 and PON1-CBM2 were produced as recombinant protein in E. coli Arctic. Although purification was not accomplished, these enzymes were characterized. PON1-CBM2 binds to microcrystalline cellulose, exhibiting a saturation behavior described by a Kb of 27 mg. PON1 and PON1- CBM2 have the same Km for paraoxon (1.3 mM), indicating that the phosphatase domain was fully functional. Conclusion. An effective strategy for heterologous expression of the native PON1 and chimeric appA-CBM2 and PON1-CBM2 in E. coli was attained. The chimeric enzymes were fully functional and maintained the properties of their original domains

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem and efforts are needed to improve the care of individuals affected by the disease. A recent strategy for improving care within the healthcare system is patient engagement. Nurses and other health care clinicians can apply patient engagement into their clinical practice to improve the care they provide to their patients. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to increase the knowledge and awareness of patient engagement among clinicians who work with CKD patients. This quality improvement project used Lewin's force field analysis to analyze driving and restraining forces to help develop and implement strategies to develop an e-learning module. The project used practice-focused questions to determine if knowledge about patient engagement and the Shared End-Stage Renal Patients - Decision Making Tool could improve staff knowledge and awareness about patient engagement. A quantitative pretest, posttest approach was used to compare pretest scores to posttest scores after the e-learning module was viewed. Nine clinicians participated in the project study. Results showed that clinicians' knowledge and awareness about patient engagement increased from a mean pretest score of 5.22 to a mean posttest score of 6.22, (p = 0.08617). The sample of only 9 participants may have contributed to the lack of statistical significance after viewing the educational presentation. The e-learning module will provide positive social change as staff and students of renal programs learn about and apply the principles of patient engagement to their clinical practice.

Certain Operative Dentistry skill sets, such as bonding procedures, do not require a refined psychomotor skill level as much as a mastery of the concepts, placement and timing requirements of the bonding procedure. Procedures such as these may lend themselves well to the interactive media style that today's students are so familiar with in a computer module "gaming" format.

Hollow fibre and spiral wound membrane (SWM) modules are the most common commercially available membrane modules. The latter dominate especially for RO, NF and UF and are the focus of this study. The main difficulty these types of modules face is concentration polarisation. In SWM modules, the spacer meshes that keep the membrane leaves apart also help reduce the effects of concentration polarisation. The spacer filaments act as flow obstructions, and thus encourage flow destabilisation and increase mass transfer enhancement. One of the detrimental aspects of the use of spacers is an increase of pressure losses in SWM modules. This study analyses the mechanisms that give rise to mass transfer enhancement in narrow spacer-filled channels, and investigates the relationship between flow destabilisation, energy losses and mass transfer. It shows that the regions of high mass transfer on the membrane surface correlate mainly with those regions where the fluid flow is towards the membrane. Based on the insights gained from this analysis, a series of multi-layer spacer designs are proposed and evaluated. In this thesis, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was used to simulate steady and unsteady flows with mass transfer in two- and three-dimensional narrow channels containing spacers. A solute with a Schmidt number of 600 dissolving from the wall and channel Reynolds numbers up to 1683 were considered. A fully-developed concentration profile boundary condition was utilised in order to reduce the computational costs of the simulations. Time averaging and Fourier analysis were performed to gain insight into the dynamics of the different flow regimes encountered, ranging from steady flow to vortex shedding behind the spacer filaments. The relationships between 3D flow effects, vortical flow, pressure drop and mass transfer enhancement were explored. Greater mass transfer enhancement was found for the 3D geometries modelled, when compared with 2D geometries, due to wall shear perpendicular to the bulk flow and streamwise vortices. Form drag was identified as the main component of energy loss for the flow conditions analysed. Implications for the design of improved spacer meshes, such as extra layers of spacer filaments to direct the bulk flow towards the membrane walls, and filament profiles to reduce form drag are discussed.

1980年代，隨著全球PC市場的逐漸發展，記憶體模組產業亦隨之興起。1990年代中期，記憶體模組廠商逐步建立自有品牌，使記憶體模組產品，從電腦主機裡的規格化零組件，搖身成為消費者心目中具有品牌的產品。在這個從「無品牌」至「有品牌」的發展過程中，產業內的品牌商，共同創造了記憶體模組的品牌價值。然而，回溯到十餘年前的PC市場，對於消費者而言，為什麼開始要在乎所買的記憶體模組是什麼品牌？對於任何一家記憶體模組製造商而言，依照JEDEC所制訂的標準製造相關的模組化產品，究竟要如何創造超越競爭對手的價值？在這個記憶體模組廠商與消費者的交換過程當中，消費者用來交換產品的「成本」有哪些？這些既然是消費者的成本，那麼就包含了消費者在交換過程中會考量的因素，因此，廠商應如何降低這些可能存在的成本，進而創造更高的價值？本研究試圖透過策略行銷4C理論，探究記憶體模組產業內所有的交換關係與交換過程，並透過策略分析，歸納在交換關係中創造價值的模式。 / In the 1980’s, memory module industry had been growing up accompanied PC market development. In the middle of 1990’s, memory module manufacturers step by step built up their own brands, meanwhile, standardized memory module products went out from PC cases and have been made with their own name. It was manufacturers who turned “unknown” memory products into “branded” ones and created brand value in this process. However, in the market decades ago, for what reasons consumers started paying attention to what brand the memory module is? To any producer of memory module, the most important is how to create the exceeded value of its competitor under the standard of JEDEC. What “costs” do consumers have in the exchanging process between the producers? As we may see, these costs may be included in the exchanging process for consumers’ concern. So, how should producers do to create higher values by reducing the possible cost? This study is to explore the exchanging relationship and the process of memory module industry through 4C theory, and to generalize the model of creating values in the exchanging relationship.

CMOS module house, which still enjoys the double digit gross margin in component supply chain, is one of the reasons facilitating the idea of start-up. We think this idea is practical and also profitable as we have solid network in high-tech industry, as well as comprehensive knowledge and relatively easier than others to find talent for the team up and to be one of key suppliers in the supply chain in the future. In order to make the business plan more structural, we explain the industry, product itself, market trend, market size and potential value we can earn, as well as the key names in the supply chain, including names of suppliers, competitors, and customers. Regarding to the business target, we are not aiming the goal too high to be reached. Instead, we set 3-5% of total market share (in Notebook PCs, Tablet PCs, and Smartphones) after 1-2 years business operations. We think this is practical and also profitable as the size of PC and consumer electronics (CE products) are huge, and the earnings is usually surprising even the gross margin is low, as long as the volume is huge enough.

Le développement des convertisseurs haute tension pour les applications de traction ou de distribution électrique nécessite de travailler à la fois sur la réalisation de transistors IGBT à plus forts calibres en tension et sur leur association en série. L'objectif est d'obtenir des systèmes fiables et compacts, aspects critiques dans les applications embarquées par exemple. L'étude s'intéresse à la mise en série. Son originalité repose sur une évaluation d'une large palette de solutions avec un objectif d'intégration hybride élevée. Cette intégration génère d'importantes contraintes, que ce soit électrique ou thermique, entre autres, au sein des boîtiers. Les valeurs de ces contraintes et leur degré de couplage ont été étudiés. Le travail a été mené à l'aide de simulations éléments finis couplées à des mesures ceci afin de servir de base à une aide à la conception intelligente de boîtiers dans le futur.

Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons cherché d'une part, à répondre à la question du dimensionnement des nanosystèmes électromécaniques (NEMS) à base de nanotube de carbone (NTC) multiparois, à la fois théoriquement et expérimentalement, et d'autre part, à appliquer le savoir-faire développé à la réalisation de composants de types interrupteurs.<br /> Nous avons développé un modèle théorique pour décrire la déflexion d'un nanotube de carbone suspendu soumis à une force d'attraction électrostatique. Notre modèle montre qu'il existe une loi d'échelle reliant la déflexion électrostatique aux paramètres géométriques, électriques, et physiques des NEMS à base de NTC. Ce résultat constitue, en soi, un outil de dimensionnement pour la conception de ces dispositifs, car il permet de prédire leur comportement électromécanique sur une « large » gamme de paramètres opérationnels.<br /> Parallèlement, nous avons mis au point des procédés de fabrication pour réaliser des nanostructures intégrant un NTC suspendu actionnable électrostatiquement. Parmi ces différentes structures, la plus simple a été utilisée pour sonder les propriétés électromécaniques des NTC multiparois. Nous avons développé une méthode basée sur l'utilisation d'un microscope à force atomique pour mesurer la déflexion en fonction de la tension électrique d'actionnement. Les résultats de ces mesures, pour différents NTC (différents diamètre et longueur), montrent clairement, et sans paramètre ajustable, l'existence de la loi d'échelle prédite par notre modèle théorique. À partir de ces mesures, nous avons extrait le module d'Young des NTC. Pour des diamètres inférieurs à 30 nm, celui-ci est constant et vaut en moyenne 400 GPa. Au-delà, nous observons une forte diminution qui pourrait s'expliquer par l'entrée dans un régime de déformation non-linéaire.<br /> Enfin, nous montrons la réalisation d'un interrupteur électromécanique à base de NTC qui présente de bonnes caractéristiques de commutation.

Dans la théorie des D-modules, on définit les systèmes de Gauss-Manin par l'image directe par un morphisme du faisceau structural. Un résultat essentiel est leur régularité. Dans cette thèse, on s'intéresse à l'irrégularité d'un analogue des systèmes de Gauss-Manin, l'image directe par un polynôme f d'un D-module élémentaire associé à un polynôme g, essentiellement dans le cas à deux variables. On utilisera deux approches que l'on comparera. Cette irrégularité permet de contrôler la croissance non modérée des intégrales d'une forme algébrique relative sur une collection de classes d'homologie dans les fibres de f, localement constante à supports fermés convenablement choisis. Dans une première méthode, nous exprimerons l'irrégularité en c de ces systèmes à l'aide de la courbe discriminante de f et g. On utilisera pour cela les travaux de Lê Dung Trang et C. Weber sur les résolutions à l'infini. En utilisant le théorème de commutation dû à Z. Mebkhout de l'image directe avec le complexe d'irrégularité, on se ramène alors aux calculs de caractéristiques d'Euler de complexes d'irrégularité de D-modules à deux variables dont le lieu singulier est un croisement normal. Un résultat de C. Sabbah permet alors de lier ces caractéristiques d'Euler à celles d'une fibre de Milnor. Pour l'irrégularité à l'infini, il faut ajouter une courbe spéciale qui provient des diviseurs dicritiques pour f et g d'une résolution à l'infini. Dans une deuxième méthode, on se ramènera au cas où f et g sont des projections. On exprimera alors l'irrégularité en fonction des cycles caractéristiques du complexe image directe par (f,g) du faisceau structural.