Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-05-08T19:50:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_AMANDA_COSTA_THOME_TRAVINCAS_PARCIAL.pdf: 594865 bytes, checksum: f3058889fddb002f059bfb454f354994 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-08T19:50:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_AMANDA_COSTA_THOME_TRAVINCAS_PARCIAL.pdf: 594865 bytes, checksum: f3058889fddb002f059bfb454f354994 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The purpose of this thesis is to address the following issue: what limits and restrictions on freedom of teaching are legitimate in the Brazilian context? There is a set of assumptions invisiblized in the composition of this issue, and about it fits some notes. First of all, it is understood that there is a necessary overlap between freedom of teaching and democracy, which makes that first one worthy of juridical constitutional protection. For this reason, it is taken as the theoretical framework of this study, called "for the common good" school, thesis developed in The North American constitutional law, according to which freedom of teaching has the ability to instrumentalize the preparation of citizens to participate competently and responsibly in public debate. For more than that - and already under the Brazilian right - it is understood that the freedom of teaching is an autonomous right and materially fundamental, finding apparatus, especially, in Article 206, item II of the Federal Constitution of 1988. For this reason, it is submitted to the legal system of fundamental rights mentioned in the paragraphs of Article 5 of the Constitutional text and developed in the field of the dogmatic of the fundamental rights. To the formulated thesis problem, it raises the hypothesis - to the end confirmed - that the teacher?s freedom of teaching may suffer limitations and restrictions relating to the content being taught and the methodology being used whenever it is deemed necessary for the preservation of the characterizing core of the institutional pedagogical project - not being the case, affectations to freedom of teaching will be considered unconstitutional. To achieve the overall objective of this thesis, which is analysing that limits and restrictions on freedom of teaching are legitimate in Brazil, the text is divided into three chapters, each corresponding to one of the specific objectives of the research. The first chapter is dedicated to the development and characterization of the theoretical framework of the study. It is drawn the conclusion that the freedom of teaching composes one of the dimensions of the denominated academic freedom, and that it corresponds to the right of the teacher to make decisions regarding the management of the classroom, always with a view in order to prepare citizens with democratic competence. In the second chapter, it is taken care of evaluating the legal treatment given to the freedom of teaching in Brazil. Among the main consequences of this step is the fact that freedom of teaching corresponds to a complex law, which refers to a set of positive and negative duties within public and private education institutions. The discussion of the limits and restrictions on freedom of teaching is matter contained in the third chapter. On that occasion, the research hypothesis raised is supported and developed in conclusive terms. With regards to methodological bias issues, it was emphasized on the use of the juridical dogmatic theoretical source and deductive reasoning. In the procedural field, the thesis is worth, especially, from direct literature or cross-cutting themes, as well as legislative data and national case law. / O prop?sito desta tese ? enfrentar o seguinte problema: que limites e restri??es ? liberdade de ensinar s?o leg?timos no contexto brasileiro? H? um conjunto de pressupostos invisibilizado na composi??o dessa quest?o, e sobre ele cabem algumas notas. Em primeiro lugar, entende-se que h? uma imbrica??o necess?ria entre liberdade de ensinar e democracia, que torna aquela primeira digna de tutela jur?dico-constitucional. Por essa raz?o, toma-se como marco te?rico deste estudo a denominada ?for the common good? school, tese desenvolvida no direito constitucional norte-americano, conforme a qual a liberdade de ensinar tem o cond?o de instrumentalizar a forma??o de cidad?os para que participem de forma competente e respons?vel do debate p?blico. Para mais que isso ? e j? no ?mbito do direito p?trio -, compreende-se que a liberdade de ensinar ? um direito aut?nomo e materialmente fundamental, encontrando amparo, especialmente, no artigo 206, inciso II, da Constitui??o Federal de 1988. Por essa raz?o, submete-se ao regime jur?dico dos direitos fundamentais contido nos par?grafos do artigo 5? do texto constitucional e desenvolvido no terreno da dogm?tica dos direitos fundamentais. Ao problema de tese formulado, levanta-se a hip?tese ? ao final confirmada - de que liberdade de ensinar do professor pode sofrer limites e restri??es atinentes a conte?do a ser ensinado e ? metodologia a ser utilizada sempre que isso se mostrar necess?rio para a preserva??o do n?cleo caracterizador do projeto pedag?gico institucional - n?o sendo esse o caso, afeta??es ? liberdade de ensinar h?o que ser consideradas inconstitucionais. Para a consecu??o do objetivo geral desta tese, qual seja analisar que limites e restri??es ? liberdade de ensinar s?o leg?timos no Brasil, o texto ? dividido em tr?s cap?tulos, cada um correspondendo a um dos objetivos espec?ficos da pesquisa. O primeiro cap?tulo ? reservado para o desenvolvimento e caracteriza??o do marco te?rico do estudo. Dele ? retirada a conclus?o de que a liberdade de ensinar comp?e uma das dimens?es da denominada liberdade acad?mica, e que ela corresponde ao direito do professor de tomar decis?es no tocante ? gest?o da sala de aula, sempre tendo em vista o fim de formar cidad?os com compet?ncia democr?tica. No segundo cap?tulo, cuida-se de avaliar o tratamento jur?dico conferido ? liberdade de ensinar no Brasil. Entre os principais desdobramentos dessa etapa est? o fato de que a liberdade de ensinar corresponde a um direito complexo, que remete a um conjunto de deveres positivos e negativos no ?mbito de Institui??es de Ensino p?blicas e privadas. O trato dos limites e restri??es ? liberdade de ensinar ? mat?ria contida no terceiro cap?tulo. Nessa mesma ocasi?o, a hip?tese de pesquisa levantada ? corroborada e desenvolvida em termos conclusivos. No tocante ?s quest?es de vi?s metodol?gico, ressaltam-se o uso da vertente te?rica jur?dico-dogm?tica e do racioc?nio dedutivo. No campo procedimental, a tese se vale, especialmente, de literatura direta ou transversal ? tem?tica, bem como de dados legislativos e jurisprud?ncia nacional.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-05-18T17:25:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_MALU_SANTAREM_SCHUH_COMPLETO.pdf: 2142613 bytes, checksum: f3c8245073ba9da1524efdd0251d5c96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-18T17:25:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_MALU_SANTAREM_SCHUH_COMPLETO.pdf: 2142613 bytes, checksum: f3c8245073ba9da1524efdd0251d5c96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-17 / This dissertation aims to fulfill the needing to Education Master degree obtaining by Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). We consider that the main question of this research is the first generation students of a family in them academic trajectory at graduation courses of PUCRS, with the objective to contribute for a quality graduating. These academics are students that entered in the university as the firsts between their family (parents and brothers/sisters). For that, will theory support in the authors ahead: Casartelli; Cunha; Dubar; Josso; Mancebo; Morosini; Ristoff; Rocha; Santos; Zabalza, among others, beyond the educational policies figuring out in brazilian scenario. Got realized a case?s study (YIN, 2010) in PUCRS, being adopted this strategies: a) qualitative research (MALHOTRA, 2006) in exploratory way, using depth semistructured interviews, with direct approach and; b) quantitative research (MALHOTRA, 2006), where will be realized a questionnaire with a representative sample from students to quantify the categorized data. The data analysis and interpretation occurred from the Discoursive Text Analysis (DTA) proposal of Moraes e Galiazzi (2011) and into descriptive statistics according to Malhotra (2006). As mainly results we have the students profile characterization that concerns the first generation students of a family in a university, the challenges and possibilities on the academic trajectory progress, the family support importance in graduation way and the university?s space. The conclusions directed for the information access, sighting to offer aids for the universities to institutional policies edification, supporting an articulating work with academic community, helping for the first generation student be included in his own graduating and foment discussions about this theme. / A presente disserta??o visa cumprir a exig?ncia estabelecida para a obten??o do t?tulo de Mestre em Educa??o pela Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Considera-se que a principal indaga??o que esta pesquisa se prop?s a discutir se refere ? trajet?ria acad?mica dos universit?rios de primeira gera??o da fam?lia nos cursos de gradua??o da PUCRS. A pesquisa busca analisar a trajet?ria acad?mica dos universit?rios de primeira gera??o da fam?lia nos cursos de gradua??o da PUCRS, visando contribuir com a forma??o acad?mica destes alunos. Tais universit?rios caracterizam-se por serem alunos que ingressaram na universidade pela primeira vez entre os membros de suas fam?lias (pais e irm?os). Para tanto, contextualiza-se sobre o tema utilizando o aporte te?rico dos referidos autores: Casartelli; Cunha; Dubar; Josso; Mancebo; Morosini; Ristoff; Rocha; Santos; Zabalza, entre outros, al?m das pol?ticas educacionais existentes no cen?rio brasileiro. Realizou-se um estudo de caso (YIN, 2010) na PUCRS, em que as estrat?gias adotadas foram: a) pesquisa qualitativa (MALHOTRA, 2006) de car?ter explorat?rio, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas em profundidade, com abordagem direta e; b) pesquisa quantitativa (MALHOTRA, 2006), em que o instrumento utilizado foi um question?rio direcionado para uma amostra representativa de alunos a fim de quantificar os dados categorizados. A an?lise e interpreta??o dos dados ocorreram a partir da t?cnica de An?lise Textual Discursiva (ATD) proposta por Moraes e Galiazzi (2011) e por meio de estat?sticas descritivas de acordo com Malhotra (2006). Como principais resultados tem-se a caracteriza??o do perfil de alunos que compreende a primeira gera??o da fam?lia na universidade, os desafios e possibilidades no decorrer da trajet?ria acad?mica, a import?ncia do apoio familiar no decorrer da gradua??o e o espa?o da universidade. As conclus?es direcionam para o acesso ? informa??o, visando oferecer subs?dios ?s universidades para a constru??o de pol?ticas institucionais, fomentar um trabalho articulado com a comunidade acad?mica, contribuir para que o universit?rio de primeira gera??o seja part?cipe de sua forma??o e promover discuss?es acerca deste tema.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-05-26T18:07:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_LUISA_ZAMAGNA_MACIEL_PARCIAL.pdf: 764623 bytes, checksum: cb942b3feb655b2ce8e16c3aa1e6136e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-26T18:07:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_LUISA_ZAMAGNA_MACIEL_PARCIAL.pdf: 764623 bytes, checksum: cb942b3feb655b2ce8e16c3aa1e6136e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The high prevalence of crack use in Brasil is considered a public health problem. The usage of crack among women embraces social, cultural, psychological, medical and legal areas, bringing several consequences for their lives. The development of guidelines, actions and suitable strategies to assist this population is key factor for elaboration of efficient treatment. This study has the objective to evaluate crack cocaine-dependent women perception about health care professionals regarding the assistance provided in public health system. This thesis is composed by two empirical articles. The first article aimed to evaluate the perception of crack cocaine-dependent women users through content analysis of 12 interviews. Among the public health care services provided, it was possible to categorize the speech into positive and negative perceptions, as well as recommendations and possible improvements. Among the positive perception, women mentioned the multidisciplinary assistance as more caring. Among the negative side, the waiting lists for assistance was brought as something that discourage the population in looking for treatment. Related to improvements suggested, women mentioned that professionals needed to have better working conditions in order not to interfere negatively on their approaches towards them. In addition, they suggested continuous training for these professionals. The second article evaluated the perception of the health care professionals about crack cocaine-dependent women and about the public health services for this population. Three focus groups were conducted, totalizing 33 healthcare professionals from S?o Paulo and Porto Alegre. Through thematic analyses, it was identified two main axis. In the first axis, named as ?Crack female users?, it was described characteristics that professionals identified as prevalent in crack cocaine women, such as low educational level, unemployment, lack of social and familiar support, violence background history and social and gender stigmas. In the second axis, named as ?Public healthcare services?, it was described how professionals see the health system flow, which contains certain difficulties, mainly regarding the lack of women focused service. Regarding interventions, it was possible to notice the commitment from the professionals in driving the assistances which contributed to women higher adherence in the services. In the limitations, it was observed the difficulty of professional of basic attention to attending the women, highlighting the necessity to improve the attending of women who were crack users. These results are relevant to understand the possible repercussions of the health services and care provided to this population. In the medium term, the results will support the development of a brief manual and training for practitioners with a view to enhancing effective interventions for the specific demands of women. Conclusions: It is possible to observe that both studies are complementary. The view crack cocaine-dependent women and professionals are similar regarding the difficulties encountered in public health services and about the need of professionals to have adequate working conditions and continuous training. / A alta preval?ncia do uso de crack no Brasil ? considerada um problema de sa?de p?blica. O uso de crack em mulheres engloba problemas de ordem social, cultural, psicol?gica, m?dica e jur?dica, trazendo in?meras consequ?ncias para a vida dessas mulheres. O desenvolvimento de pol?ticas, a??es e estrat?gias adequadas para atender a essa popula??o ? importante para um atendimento eficaz. Esta disserta??o objetivou avaliar percep??es de mulheres usu?rias de crack e de profissionais da sa?de sobre os atendimentos prestados nos servi?os de sa?de p?blica para essas mulheres. A disserta??o ? composta por dois artigos emp?ricos. O primeiro estudo avaliou as percep??es de mulheres usu?rias de crack por meio da An?lise de Conte?do de 12 entrevistas. Foram verificados aspectos avaliados como positivos e negativos nos atendimentos recebidos nos servi?os de sa?de, bem como sugest?es e melhorias poss?veis. Percebeu-se que as mulheres consideram, entre os aspectos positivos, os atendimentos multidisciplinares, com acolhimento mais afetuoso. Nos aspectos negativos, observou-se que as filas de espera para atendimento nos servi?os desestimula essas mulheres a buscarem tratamento. Nas sugest?es de melhorias, as mulheres sugeriram que os profissionais possuam melhores condi??es de trabalho para que isso n?o interfira nas condutas para com elas. Al?m disso, sugeriram capacita??o continua para esses profissionais. O segundo estudo avaliou as percep??es dos profissionais da sa?de sobre as mulheres usu?rias de crack e sobre os servi?os de sa?de p?blica para esta popula??o. Foram realizados tr?s grupos focais, totalizando a participa??o de 33 profissionais da sa?de, de S?o Paulo e Porto Alegre. Foram identificados, por meio da An?lise Tem?tica, dois eixos centrais. No primeiro eixo, denominado ?Mulheres usu?rias de crack?, foram descritas caracter?sticas que os profissionais identificam como prevalentes em mulheres usu?rias de crack, como baixa escolaridade, desemprego, aus?ncia de rede de apoio, hist?rico de viol?ncia e estigmas relacionados ao g?nero. No segundo eixo, denominado ?Servi?os de sa?de p?blica?, foram descritos como os profissionais percebem o fluxo da rede, que possui algumas dificuldades, principalmente pela falta de um servi?o espec?fico de sa?de da mulher. Nas interven??es, foi poss?vel perceber o engajamento dos profissionais em realizar atendimentos que contribuam para uma maior ades?o das mulheres nos servi?os. Nas limita??es, observou-se a dificuldade da aten??o b?sica em atender essas mulheres pela falta de preparo profissional espec?fico. Observa-se, como necessidade de aprimoramento, capacita??es para atender as usu?rias de crack de forma mais qualificada. Estes resultados s?o relevantes para compreender poss?veis repercuss?es dos servi?os de sa?de e dos atendimentos prestados para essa popula??o. Em m?dio prazo, os resultados subsidiar?o o desenvolvimento de um manual e capacita??o breve para profissionais com objetivo de aprimorar interven??es efetivas para as demandas espec?ficas de mulheres. Conclus?es: ? poss?vel observar que os estudos s?o complementares. A vis?o dos profissionais e das mulheres usu?rias de crack s?o semelhantes quanto ?s dificuldades encontradas nos servi?os de sa?de p?blica e a necessidade dos profissionais possu?rem condi??es de trabalho adequadas e capacita??o continuada.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-01T14:52:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_MAURICIO_BARBIERI_MEZOMO_PARCIAL.pdf: 932404 bytes, checksum: 239b9fe2806221355d7e2af7544bc0d3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T14:52:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_MAURICIO_BARBIERI_MEZOMO_PARCIAL.pdf: 932404 bytes, checksum: 239b9fe2806221355d7e2af7544bc0d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Introduction: this thesis aimed to evaluate bone anatomy of the of the maxillary tuberosity in patients with and without upper third molars, besides evaluating the maxillary sinus pneumatization in this region, in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and reconstructed panoramic radiography (RPR). Methods: in study 1, 40 CBCT of individuals without upper third molar (Group 0) and 40 CBCT of individuals with upper third molar (Group 1) were evaluated. The height and radicular width of the upper second molar (USM), the height, width and bone length of the maxillary tuberosity were measured, in addition to the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus in this region. In study 2, 21 CBCT were evaluated, the height of the disto-buccal root of the USM and height and length of the tuberosity bone at different locations was measured. In addition, the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus in this region was scored. Measurements were performed on tomographic slices and on the RPR. Results: in study 1, there was no significant difference between the groups for the gender (p = 0.85), for age (p = 0.07) and for dental measurements (p> 0.58). Bone height was lower (p = 0.023) in group 0 only in the measurement performed 7mm distally to the second molar. The tuberosity width was higher in group 1 (p <0.0001) in all measurements, with the exception of measurement 1mm distally to the second molar. Buccal bone length was significantly lower (p <0.005) in group 0. The maxillary sinus pneumatization in the maxillary tuberosity region was significantly higher in group 0. In study 2, the radicular height showed a high correlation between the groups (ICC = 0.929). A moderate to low correlation (ICC <0.603) was observed for bone heights on comparison between tomographic slices and RPR. The correlation for bone length was high in central (ICC> 0.921) and palatal (ICC> 0.732) regions of the tuberosity, but low in the buccal region (ICC <0.441) when the measure of the RPR was compared to the measurements of tomographic slices. The maxillary sinus pneumatization scores for the maxillary tuberosity region were quite similar in both groups (kappa = 0.970). Conclusion: in study 1, the dimensions of the maxillary tuberosity presented individual variation. Group 0 presented smaller dimensions than group 1, mainly regarding tuberosity width and buccal bone length. Group 0 showed higher scores of maxillary sinus pneumatization towards the tuberosity. In study 2, measurements of the height of the distobuccal root of the USM, central and palatal length of the tuberosity and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus to the tuberosity region obtained in the tomographic slices presented a high correlation with the RPR measurements. However, the measurements of vestibular length showed a low correlation between both techniques. / Introdu??o: o objetivo desta tese foi avaliar a anatomia ?ssea da regi?o da alveolar da tuberosidade maxilar de pacientes com e sem terceiros molares superiores, al?m de avaliar a pneumatiza??o do seio maxilar nesta regi?o, em tomografia computadorizada de feixe c?nico (TCFC) e em radiografia panor?mica reconstru?da (RPR) M?todos: no estudo 1, avaliou-se 40 TCFC de indiv?duos sem terceiro molar superior (Grupo 0) e 40 TCFC de indiv?duos com terceiro molar superior (Grupo 1). Mediu-se a altura e largura radicular do segundo molar superior (2MS), a altura, largura e comprimento ?sseo da tuberosidade maxilar, al?m da pneumatiza??o do seio maxilar nesta regi?o. No estudo 2 foram utilizadas 21 TCFC. Mediu-se a altura da raiz disto-vestibular do segundo molar superior (2MS), altura e comprimento ?sseo da tuberosidade maxilar em diferentes localiza??es. Tamb?m foi mensurada a pneumatiza??o do seio maxilar nesta regi?o. As medi??es foram realizadas em cortes tomogr?ficos espec?ficos e na RPR para compara??o entre as t?cnicas. Resultados: no estudo 1, n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os grupos para o g?nero (p=0,85), para a idade (p=0,07) e para as medidas dent?rias (p>0,58). Em rela??o ?s medidas ?sseas, a altura ?ssea foi menor (p=0,023) no grupo 0 apenas na mensura??o realizada 7mm distalmente ao 2MS, a largura da tuberosidade foi maior no grupo 1 (p<0,0001) em todas as mensura??es, com exce??o da medi??o realizada 1mm distalmente ao segundo molar, o comprimento ?sseo vestibular foi significativamente menor (p<0,005) no grupo 0. A pneumatiza??o do seio maxilar na regi?o da tuberosidade maxilar foi significativamente maior no grupo 0. No estudo 2, encontrou-se alta correla??o entre os grupos (ICC=0,929) para a altura radicular. A correla??o foi moderada a baixa (ICC<0,603) na compara??o entre as medidas nos cortes tomogr?ficos e na RPR para a altura ?ssea. A correla??o para a medida de comprimento ?sseo foi alta na regi?o central (ICC>0,921) e moderada na palatina (ICC>0,732), mas baixa na regi?o vestibular (ICC<0,441) quando comparada a medida da RPR ?s medidas dos cortes tomogr?ficos. Os escores de pneumatiza??o do seio maxilar para a regi?o da tuberosidade maxilar foram bastante similares em ambos os grupos (kappa=0,970). Conclus?o: a partir do estudo 1 concluiu-se que as dimens?es da tuberosidade maxilar apresentaram varia??o individual, o grupo 0 apresentou dimens?es menores que o grupo 1, principalmente quanto ? largura da tuberosidade e comprimento ?sseo vestibular, o grupo 0 apresentou ?ndices maiores de pneumatiza??o do seio maxilar em dire??o ? tuberosidade. No estudo 2 as medidas da altura da raiz disto-vestibular do 2MS, comprimento central e palatino da tuberosidade e pneumatiza??o do seio maxilar para a regi?o da tuberosidade obtidas nos cortes tomogr?ficos apresentam alta correla??o com as medidas da RPR. Por?m a medida de comprimento vestibular, nos cortes tomogr?ficos, apresenta baixa correla??o com a medida de comprimento na RPR.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T14:18:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_DORACI_ENGEL_COMPLETO.pdf: 1588033 bytes, checksum: 9d265f15885a42794c20f8fdfcbc4283 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T14:18:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_DORACI_ENGEL_COMPLETO.pdf: 1588033 bytes, checksum: 9d265f15885a42794c20f8fdfcbc4283 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This work examines the possibility of agency in the epistemic domain - the view shared by many philosophers that we can be active, rather than passive, in relation to the formation of our beliefs and our manifestations of knowledge. It presents various senses in which this view is articulated in the literature and concludes that the notion of epistemic agency is plausible only in an indirect sense, in the sense of the different actions that we perform in order to improve our epistemic commitments. It is a kind of practical agency, like any agency, that does not allow us to think that we may be acting genuinely when we believe or know. / Este trabalho examina a possibilidade de ag?ncia no dom?nio epist?mico - a vis?o compartilhada por muitos fil?sofos de que possamos ser ativos, ao inv?s de passivos, em rela??o ? a forma??o de nossas cren?as e as nossas manifesta??es de conhecimento. Ele apresenta v?rios sentidos em que essa vis?o ? articulada na literatura e conclui que a no??o de ag?ncia epist?mica ? plaus?vel apenas em sentido indireto, no sentido das diferentes a??es que realizamos com intuito de melhorar nossos compromissos epist?micos. Trata-se de um tipo de ag?ncia pr?tica, como qualquer ag?ncia, que n?o nos autoriza a pensar que possamos estar agindo genuinamente quando cremos ou conhecemos.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T18:08:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_DANIELI_BORN_GUERRA_COMPLETO.pdf: 6232841 bytes, checksum: 6cce70184509f5204d1a506262b6559b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T18:08:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_DANIELI_BORN_GUERRA_COMPLETO.pdf: 6232841 bytes, checksum: 6cce70184509f5204d1a506262b6559b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-30 / In this work, we investigated the effects of ion implantation and irradiation on the structure and morphology of Bi e Bi2+xTe3-y nanowires exposed to Au and Cu beams with energies ranging from 30 keV to 1 MeV. The wires were grown by template-assisted electrodeposition with diameters of 30, 100 and 130 nm. Bi-rich compounds are obtained at -200 mV using an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Almost stoichiometric nanowires are obtained at 0 mV vs Ag/AgCl. XRD measurements revealed a polycrystalline structure, with a strong peak in the planes (0 1 5) for Bi-rich wires and a preferential diffraction (1 1 0) for the Te-rich compounds. The dark field TEM analyzes indicates an influence of the nanochannel geometry on the grain size of nanowires. The irradiation parameters were selected based on simulations from SRIM and Iradina programs. The irradiations were performed with the wires deposited in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grids. The irradiated nanowires presented different morphologies, depending on the irradiation conditions, sometimes presenting a ?wavy? morphology. Cu irradiations did not cause significant modifications in the crystalline structure of the samples. For samples irradiated with Au, TEM analysis revealed an amorphized structure, containing an embedded dispersion of small spherical crystallites. Besides, a distribution of nanoparticles dispersed in the vicinity of the irradiated wires was seen on the TEM grids, formed most probably from material redepositing due to sputtering. The 400 keV and 1 MeV Au ions have comparable stopping powers. However, for irradiations at 1 MeV the material underwent a greater erosion process, resulting in the formation of holes through the wires. / Neste trabalho, investigamos os efeitos de implanta??o e irradia??o i?nica na estrutura e morfologia de nanofios de Bi e Bi2+xTe3-y expostos a feixes de Au e Cu com energias que variam de 30 keV a 1 MeV. Os fios foram crescidos por eletrodeposi??o no modo template assisted com di?metros de 30, 100 e 130 nm. Compostos ricos em Bi s?o obtidos a -200 mV em rela??o a um el?trodo de refer?ncia de Ag/AgCl. Nanofios quase estequiom?tricos s?o obtidos a 0 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. As medidas DRX revelaram uma estrutura policristalina, com um forte pico dos planos (0 1 5) para fios ricos em Bi e uma difra??o preferencial (1 1 0) para os compostos ricos em Te. As an?lises de campo escuro de TEM indicam uma influ?ncia da geometria dos nanocanais no tamanho de gr?o do nanofio. Os par?metros de irradia??o foram selecionados com base em simula??es dos programas SRIM e Iradina. As irradia??es foram realizadas com os fios depositados em grades de microscopia eletr?nica de transmiss?o (TEM). Os nanofios irradiados apresentaram diferentes morfologias, dependendo das condi??es de irradia??o, podendo adquirir uma superf?cie "ondulada". As irradia??es realizadas com feixes de Cu n?o causaram modifica??es significativas na estrutura cristalina das amostras. Para as amostras irradiadas com Au. Observa??es de TEM revelam uma dispers?o de pequenos cristalitos esf?ricos embutidos em uma estrutura amorfizada. Al?m disso, uma distribui??o de nanopart?culas na vizinhan?a dos fios irradiados tamb?m foi observada nas grades TEM, provavelmente formada por redeposi??o de material devido ao sputtering. Ainda que os ?ons de Au de 400 keV e 1 MeV depositem valores de energia compar?veis, para irradia??es a 1 MeV o material sofreu um processo de eros?o maior, resultando na forma??o de furos atrav?s dos fios.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-07-03T11:57:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_CHARLES_IRAPUAN_FERREIRA_BORGES_COMPLETO.pdf: 1320542 bytes, checksum: 3f221b8b6ff490b017531b0cab345218 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-03T11:57:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_CHARLES_IRAPUAN_FERREIRA_BORGES_COMPLETO.pdf: 1320542 bytes, checksum: 3f221b8b6ff490b017531b0cab345218 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-28 / This study presents the thesis I have been calling ?epigenesis of consciousness?. The main problem addressed here is how to account for a strictly materialist explanation of consciousness without resorting to an unrestricted attachment to any sort of reductive materialism and determinist naturalism. My working hypothesis takes as its starting point the Spinozist monism to state: 1. that consciousness emerges from the self-organizing matter; 2. that this self-organization follows a pattern, a layered formation which runs from the peripheral nervous system to the neocortex; 3. that this process is related to the neuroplasticity of the brain tissue and can be mapped by dynamic systems theory. Starting from this hypothesis, I apply the neurodynamics of emotions to map the three stages behind the uprising of consciousness: 1. the live present; 2. Memory; 3. Thought. The aim of this work is to state that consciousness is an evolutionary, co-emergent, subject-to-variation process, merging determinism and freedom in nature. / O presente trabalho tem a pretens?o de defender a tese que venho chamando de epig?nese da consci?ncia. O principal problema abordado aqui ? como apresentar uma leitura estritamente materialista das condi??es de emerg?ncia consci?ncia sem apelar para uma vincula??o irrestrita ao reducionismo e ao determinismo. Minha hip?tese de trabalho toma como ponto de partida o monismo espinosista para afirmar: 1. que a consci?ncia emerge da auto-organiza??o material; 2. que esta auto-organiza??o obedece um padr?o, uma forma??o em camadas, que vai do sistema nervoso perif?rico ao neoc?rtex cerebral; 3. que essa forma??o envolve a neuroplasticidade e pode ser mapeada pela teoria dos sistemas din?micos. Partindo dessa hip?tese, aplico os conceitos da neurodin?mica das emo??es para mapear as tr?s etapas da forma??o da consci?ncia, as tr?s s?nteses passivas: 1. presente vivo; 2. mem?ria; 3. pensamento. O objetivo do presente trabalho ? fundamentar a tese segundo a qual a forma??o da consci?ncia ? um processo evolutivo, coemergente e sujeito ? varia??o. Com isso, pretendo sustentar uma vis?o de ag?ncia que prop?e que entendamos como n?o mutuamente excludentes determinismo e liberdade, na natureza.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-09-26T11:48:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAMILA_CARVALHO_DE_SOUZA_COMPLETO.pdf: 761292 bytes, checksum: 647d728f67ae81ecd6ca9af74829fbaf (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-09-26T11:48:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAMILA_CARVALHO_DE_SOUZA_COMPLETO.pdf: 761292 bytes, checksum: 647d728f67ae81ecd6ca9af74829fbaf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-26T11:48:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_CAMILA_CARVALHO_DE_SOUZA_COMPLETO.pdf: 761292 bytes, checksum: 647d728f67ae81ecd6ca9af74829fbaf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This research, of documentary nature, addresses the contributions of the Institutional Program of Initiation Scholarship to Teaching - Pibid for the initial training of Teachers of Chemistry. In the form of a qualitative meta-analysis, 27 productions related to the impacts of Pibid were treated through Discursive Textual Analysis (ATD), between theses, dissertations, articles in periodicals and complete works in annals of events in the area of Chemistry Teaching, published in the period 2010-2015, encompassing the five regions of the national territory. The papers were previously selected according to their content, aiming to answer the research question of this investigation: What are the contributions of Pibid to the initial training of chemistry teachers in Brazil, present in academic productions in the period 2010-2015? The results obtained, by the analysis carried out, show actual contributions of the Pibid to initial teacher training in Chemistry, but also, they indicate impacts on the continuous training of supervisors and coordinators. Also, the contributions of the actions within the scope of the Pibid contemplated the Institutions of Higher Education through its courses of degree in Chemistry and the partner schools and their agents. It was possible to identify, also, situations problems to be overcome. Considering all these contributions, it was evident that the Pibid achieves the objectives set forth in the legal documents, and their actions are effective to improve: the initial teacher education in Chemistry; the curricular organization of Chemistry undergraduate courses; the teaching practices of supervising teachers; the teaching of Chemistry in partner public schools; the valuation of the teaching profession. The Pibid motivates graduates to follow the teaching career in Public Basic Education, overcoming the problems present in this profession. On the other hand, the Pibid, as a public policy, can not be seen as a solution to the complex problems of teacher training in the Brazilian educational context, because it does not meet all the subjects of this system. / Esta pesquisa, de natureza documental, aborda as contribui??es do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Inicia??o ? Doc?ncia - Pibid para a forma??o inicial de Professores de Qu?mica. Na forma de metan?lise qualitativa, foram tratadas por meio da An?lise Textual Discursiva (ATD) 27 produ??es relacionadas aos impactos do Pibid, entre teses, disserta??es, artigos em peri?dicos e trabalhos completos em anais de eventos na ?rea de Ensino de Qu?mica, publicados no per?odo 2010-2015, abrangendo as cinco regi?es do territ?rio nacional. Os trabalhos foram selecionados previamente de acordo com seu conte?do, visando responder ? quest?o de pesquisa desta investiga??o: Quais as contribui??es do Pibid para a forma??o inicial de professores de Qu?mica no Brasil, presentes em produ??es acad?micas no per?odo 2010-2015? Os resultados alcan?ados, pela an?lise realizada, mostram contribui??es efetivas do Pibid para forma??o inicial docente de Qu?mica, mas, tamb?m, referem impactos na forma??o continuada dos professores supervisores e coordenadores. Ainda, as contribui??es das a??es no ?mbito do Pibid contemplaram as Institui??es de Ensino Superior por meio de seus cursos de licenciatura em Qu?mica e as escolas parceiras e seus agentes. Foi poss?vel identificar tamb?m situa??es problemas a serem superados. Considerando todas essas contribui??es, ficou evidente que o Pibid alcan?a os objetivos previstos nos documentos legais, e suas a??es s?o efetivas para melhorar: a forma??o inicial docente em Qu?mica; a organiza??o curricular dos cursos de licenciatura de Qu?mica; as pr?ticas docentes de professores supervisores; o ensino de Qu?mica nas escolas p?blicas parceiras; a valoriza??o da profiss?o docente. O Pibid motiva licenciandos a seguirem a carreira docente na Educa??o B?sica p?blica, ultrapassando os problemas presente nessa profiss?o. Por outro lado, o Pibid, como pol?tica p?blica, n?o pode ser visto como solu??o para os problemas complexos da forma??o de professores no contexto educacional brasileiro, pois n?o atende a todos os sujeitos desse sistema.

Submitted by PPG Hist?ria (historia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2017-11-03T16:17:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Alexandre Pena Matos.pdf: 1422221 bytes, checksum: b6f92bba8257783192c73b2be783d696 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-11-16T16:56:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Alexandre Pena Matos.pdf: 1422221 bytes, checksum: b6f92bba8257783192c73b2be783d696 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-16T17:00:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Alexandre Pena Matos.pdf: 1422221 bytes, checksum: b6f92bba8257783192c73b2be783d696 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This thesis proposed a reflection on the practice of Patrimonial Education in the two aspects of the archaeological context, the academic archeology and the preventive. The issues presented here have raised in my 10 years of work at the forefront of archaeological work, mainly in the demand for the dissemination of the knowledge that research generates. There is a longing for the diffusion of knowledge, but when returning to the places that served in the first moments of the propagation of cultural heritage, whether formal or informal places of learning, there was no trace of the development of the work begun, at most one or another part that considered the acts of exchange of knowledge were for "killing time," "holiday," "fulfilling an obligation," "a festive day," or "act for the act?s sake" The reflection of this process was done through questions: how to carry out actions that remain in the average and long duration? What are the actors for this process to become possible? How do you make it happen? Thus, in this study we used the methods macroanalysis and comparative research as a methodological approach to reflect on educational actions in academic archeology. The considerations that we sought to assess were the potentialities, limitations and challenges that each observed group (teachers, students, community) enjoyed in the contact with the cultural patrimony through actions for the educational and temporal heritage (short, medium or long term). / Esta tese se prop?s a uma reflex?o da pr?tica da Educa??o Patrimonial nas duas vertentes do contexto arqueol?gico, a arqueologia acad?mica e a preventiva. As quest?es aqui apresentadas foram suscitadas em meus 10 anos ? frente do trabalho arqueol?gico, principalmente na demanda da divulga??o do conhecimento que a pesquisa gera. H? anseios alcan?ados da difus?o do saber, por?m ao voltar aos lugares que serviram nos primeiros momentos da propaga??o do patrim?nio cultural, sejam eles locais formais ou informais de ensino, n?o havia resqu?cio do desenvolvimento do trabalho iniciado, no m?ximo uma ou outra parcela que considerava os atos de troca de saberes eram para ?matar o tempo?, ?feriado?, ?cumprir uma obriga??o?, ?um dia festivo? ou ?o ato pelo ato?. A reflex?o desse processo se fez atrav?s de perguntas: como efetuar a??es que permane?am na m?dia e longa dura??o? Quais s?o os atores para que este processo se torne poss?vel? Como proceder para que isso aconte?a? Sendo assim, empregamos nesse estudo os m?todos macroan?lise e pesquisa comparativa como abordagem metodol?gica para refletir sobre as a??es educativas na arqueologia acad?mica. As considera??es que procuramos aferir foram as potencialidades, as limita??es e os desafios que cada grupo observado (professores, alunos, comunidade) usufruiu no contato com o patrim?nio cultural por meio das a??es para o patrim?nio no aspecto educativo e temporal (curto, m?dio ou de longa dura??o).

Submitted by PPG Ci?ncias Criminais (ppgccrim@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-24T16:39:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Mark.pdf: 832129 bytes, checksum: 581f06fef6c6c23bb297e7160e4922e0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-01-31T11:40:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Mark.pdf: 832129 bytes, checksum: 581f06fef6c6c23bb297e7160e4922e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-31T11:44:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Mark.pdf: 832129 bytes, checksum: 581f06fef6c6c23bb297e7160e4922e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-28 / The purpose of this study is basically focused on the attempt to understand, analyze and promote a deep debate around the importance of compliance programs into the corporate ambience as way of preventing illicit practices committed inside the several social structures. Foreign and national legislation is taken as base surrounding the subject in a preventive and repressive bias of state actions and the state-private relation. The main concern of the research is over the questioning on current regulation patterns and compliance program establishing in Brazil compared to other legal systems specially regarding the consequences in corporate core responsability in national scope. As work methodology, the debate about patterns of action is developed into the compliance programs, with the objective of checking whether or not they are able to function as objective parameters to mark out the demands and responsibilities attributed to the individual or corporation in the ambience called corporate offense. The experience of compared laws is searched through the laws of the countries with more expertise on the subject (in case of the USA), without neglecting our internal anti-corruption legislation. The hypothetical-deductive method is chosen in the restless quest for cleaner and safer answers to the problem. As for the kind of research, this is an exploratory activity of bibliographic characteristic, with qualitative approach. / O prop?sito da presente pesquisa centra-se, basicamente, na busca da compreens?o, an?lise e aprofundamento do debate em torno da import?ncia dos programas de compliance no ?mbito empresarial, como forma de evitar a pr?tica de atos il?citos nas diversas estruturas societ?rias. Toma-se por base as legisla??es estrangeiras e nacionais acerca da mat?ria, no vi?s preventivo e repressivo da atua??o do Estado e na rela??o Estado-particular. O problema central da pesquisa recai no questionamento acerca dos par?metros atuais da regulamenta??o e efetiva??o do programa de compliance no Brasil, em compara??o com outros ordenamentos jur?dicos, em especial em suas consequ?ncias no cerne da responsabilidade empresarial, no ?mbito nacional. Como metodologia de trabalho desenvolve-se a constru??o e o debate sobre os standards de atua??o no ?mbito dos programas de compliance, a fim de verificar se eles s?o h?beis para funcionar como par?metros objetivos a balizar as exig?ncias e responsabilidades atribu?veis ?s pessoas f?sicas e jur?dicas, no ?mbito dos chamados il?citos empresariais. Busca-se a experi?ncia do direito comparado, atrav?s da legisla??o de pa?ses com maior expertise na mat?ria (no caso, os Estados Unidos da Am?rica do Norte), sem descurar a legisla??o interna anticorrup??o. Opta-se pelo m?todo hipot?tico-dedutivo, na busca incessante por respostas mais claras e seguras para as problem?ticas que se apresentam diante do tema. No que diz respeito ao tipo de pesquisa, trata-se de uma atividade explorat?ria, de car?ter bibliogr?fico, com uma abordagem qualitativa.