吾國御史行部之制，其淵源雖其早，然以「巡按監察御史」之名行部，則始於明代。 嬗遞維新，明人於檢討其得失利弊之餘，有謂其體貌尊崇，為唐宋以來，皆所不及者 (1) ；顧炎武「日知錄」亦盛譽其「察吏安民之效，已見於（明代）二三百年」(2) 。 一代之成法，往往即當時政治社會要求之反映；且往往亦已深植於當時之政治社會之 中，因之，該等成法任一環節之變動，皆不免牽動全局，而迫使其他環節作必要之調 整或適應。於調整適應之過程中，甚或不免有難以調整適應之苦，而＊謂「宜復舊制 」。 清代政制雖多沿襲明代者，然清聖祖時即停差御史巡按。光緒二十四年，監察御史蔡 鎮藩奏請審官定職，以成新政，所建議多為光緒嘉納，而復設巡按一事則不予考慮(3 ) 。 蔡氏之議雖不果行，然洪憲帝制時，各省所設之「巡按使」，則顯然脫胎於明代之「 巡按監察御史」。國民政府成立以後，亦沿襲往制，而於監察院之體制下，設置各該 省區「監察委員行署」。因之，針對該源遠流長之巡按御史行部之制，作一通盤之研 究，並而試圖作若干解說，似不無意義。 今先考論明代巡按御史制度，清代巡按御史制度之考論，則俟諸異日。 /

S'analitzen en aquesta tesi les relacions entre Xina i Filipines entre 1565 i 1593, amb una atenció especial al protagonisme que van jugar en aquest període el jesuita Alonso Sanchez y el primer bisbe de Manila, Domingo de Salazar. Es contextualitzen aquestes relacions en el marc de les pautes de relació exterior de la Xina Ming i en el conjunt de la inserció asiática de les Filipines espanyoles del segle XVI. També es contextualitzen en el marc de les disputes entre ordes religioses i en el marc de l'entrada del jesuitas Mateo Ricci i Michele Ruggieri a Xina. S'hi destaca la importància de la relació Macau-Manila. La tesi edita i anota una sèrie de documents en xinès, castellà i portuguès que permeten verificar i concretar tot el procés de relació i els projectes espanyols de conquesta de Xina, que van arribar a presentar-se a la cort de Felip II.Se analizan en esta tesis las relaciones entre China y Filipinas entre 1565 y 1593, con una atención especial al protagonismo que jugaron en este periodo el jesuita Alonso Sanchez y el primer obispo de Manila, Domingo de Salazar. Se contextualizan estas relaciones en el marco de las pautas de relación exterior de la China Ming y en el conjunto de la inserción asiática de las Filipinas españolas del siglo XVI. También se contextualizan en el marco de las disputas entre órdenes religiosas y en el marco de l'entrada del jesuitas Mateo Ricci y Michele Ruggieri en China. S'destaca la importancia de la relación Macau-Manila. La tesis edita y anota una serie de documentos en chino, castellano y portugués que permiten verificar y concretar todo el proceso de relación y los proyectos españoles de conquista de China, que llegaron a presentarse a la corte de Felip II.

The thesis is a study of a traditional popular art form of China known as New Year Pictures. Although the production of these woodblock printed images virtually ceased early this century, the relevance of this art form in contemporary China has continued. The New Year Picture is often hailed as a prototype for modern forms of visual expression. A renewed interest in this old art form has also prompted widespread conservation of the New Year Picture at the same time as making it the subject of scholarly pursuit. This study evaluates the relevance of New Year Pictures to contemporary art and society by focussing on prints produced in the period spanning the century from 1842 to 1942. This period is definitive of the changes that occurred within the popular art form. The year 1842 marks the end of the Opium War with Britain and the signing of the Treaty of Nanjing, permanently changing China’s international relationships. This, in turn, impacted greatly upon Chinese society and culture. The 1942 was the year of Mao’s “Talks at the Yan’an Conference on Literature and Art”. In mapping out strategies for artists to participate in the communist transformation of Chinese society, the “Talks” articulated an approach to Chinese art and culture that would permanently alter the way in which artistic traditions were to be utilised, both in a practical way and in the sense of how the past was to be perceived.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 134-141).

Thesis (M. Hous. M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-85).

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-141). Also available in print.

Thesis (M.Hous.M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-85). Also available in print.

The late Ming artist and poet Xu Wei (1521-1593) is most well known for his self-representation as a cultured "mountain hermit" and "eccentric", pursuing the literary ideals of originality, simple language and direct emotional expression. His wild ink-brush paintings, mental instability, numerous suicide attempts and the murder of his third wife all helped to consolidate Xu's image as China's Van Gogh. However, later hagiographies of Xu as the "patron saint of eccentrics" have led to a one dimensional view of Xu. This thesis presents Xu as someone who explored and wrestled with different and sometimes contradictory self-representations against a thorny political and social backdrop. It moves away from Xu's "eccentric" persona, instead examining his writings within the political context of the 16th century. Against the backdrop of Mongol and pirate invasions, Xu's close friend Shen Lian was executed by the Chief Grand Secretary Yan Song and his clique. Yet only a month after his friend's execution, Xu switched sides and worked as a ghost-writer for Hu Zongxian, a protégé of Yan Song. Yet with the fall of Yan Song in 1562 and the arrest of Hu Zongxian, this became an embarrassment for Xu. Fearing that he would be implicated with the Yan Song clique, Xu distanced himself from his flattering ghost-written poems. Overwhelmed by feelings of guilt, he explored the complexities of loyalty and identity in his poetry. Xu's career is representative of many Ming scholars who were frustrated by examination failure and the inability to find an official post. His literary ideals contradicted with lived reality. Xu is unique among Ming literati in voicing these contradictions.

This thesis deals with the design of the 3,5" floppy drive emulator with ATMEGA microprocessor unit. The emulator has been designed according to the principles of designing electronic devices, there is also object-control application and firmware for a microcontroller, which supports MFM coding. The thesis also lists all the formats of data stored or transmitted along with some flowcharts.

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