Diss. Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2006.

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<p>This bachelor thesis will discuss Sweden’s minority politics, describe the national minorities, what rights they have and how these rights are observed. The purpose is to present the formal Swedish minority politics and how it is working in reality. Will Kymlicka’s theory about special group rights for minorities will be applied to find out how these rights corroborate with the legal rights.</p><p>Sweden’s minority politics is based on the Council of Europe’s two conventions for minority protection, so the main analytical focus will be on how these articles are followed in practice by Swedish authorities.</p><p>The results show that there are some similarities between Kymlickas group rights and the rights that the national minorities in Sweden have, but there are important differences. Swedish authorities also has problems to live up to the European Council’s minority conventions, so the main conclusion is that several improvements must be made in Swedish minority politics.</p>

This thesis intends to examine a sámi perspective on Swedish educational policy between 1962 and 1994. To do so the curriculum of the Swedish schools and the sámi schools are analyzed. The sámi perspective in the thesis is represented by the debate about educational policy in a sámi journal, Samefolket.The results show that the Swedish curriculums from 1962-1994 don’t mention the sámi people and only the last one, the one from 1980, are stating shortly that groups within Sweden are to be treated with solidarity. Otherwise the sámis aren’t mentioned. In the curriculums for the sámi schools that only permitted sámi children, one can find that the purpose of those schools were to strengthen the sámi people in their culture and language.In the debate about education politics in the journal Samefolket it appears that there were three themes of subjects that were central in the debate. The first was the debate on the organizational form of the sámi schools. It appears that the voices in the debate of educational policy in Samefolket wanted greater sami influence in the sami school, however, this study shows that the Samefolket-debate did not comment on the educational policy reforms themselves. The study shows that the sámi voices in Samefolket wanted to keep the special sámi schools and that the two motives, which was the second theme of the debate, were to keep and to defend their culture. In the curriculum för the sami schools, this was also the motive. The third theme was of how the school system in Sweden was educating the non-sámi people about the sámi. In this theme the prime focus was about how sámis were represented in Swedish textbooks and the study shows that there were, according to the voices in Samefolket, a great disappointment in these.At last, from a culture imperialistic theory one can make the observation that the sámi schools were motivated as an important institution because the Swedish school system couldn’t give the sámi an education to fulfill their cultural needs. This is a result from the analysis of the Swedish school curriculums in comparison with the debate in the journal Samefolket, where the Swedish schools were criticized for being ethnocentric in the sense that the text books presented a stereotype of the sámis. The culture, most often represented by the language, play an important role in the educational policy debate in the Samefolket, which strengthen a language-based definition of the sámi culture.

Sverige har förbundit sig att följa europeiska konventioner om minoritetsrättigheter i sin minoritetspolitik sedan år 1999 men både Europarådet och bland annat regeringens utredare Lennart Rohdin har nyligen kritiserat Sverige för att inte leva upp till dem.                       Sverigefinnar är den största av de fem nationella minoriteter som finns i Sverige men minoritetspolitiken fungerar inte felfritt ens för deras del. Det finns brister speciellt på kommunalnivå men till exempel minoritetslagstiftningen är också missledande. Syftet med mitt arbete är att visa hur sverigefinnarnas minoritetsrättigheter följs eller inte följs idag. Dessutom har jag försökt gräva i vad det kan bero på att minoritetsrättigheter inte realiseras som de ska.                       Arbetet består av fem journalistiska artiklar som grundar sig på den svenska minoritetslagstiftningen och en av dem på friskolefrågan bland sverigefinnar samt en reflektionsrapport där jag resonerar kring mina undersökningsmetoder, källkritik och genre. I rapporten berättar jag också om tankar kring de etiska funderingar som jag hade under arbetets gång och beskriver sverigefinnarnas och minoritetsrättigheters bakgrund i Sverige. Meningen har varit att belysa även den svenskspråkiga majoriteten om sverigefinnarnas angelägenheter eftersom den största delen av minoritetsnyhetsbevakning för sverigefinnarnas del nuläget är på finska och inte når den svenskspråkiga minoriteten. Istället för att skriva korta nyheter har jag också velat gräva och kartlägga situationer mer grundligt och sätta de enskilda fallen i en bredare kontext.

The National Library of Sweden Kungliga Biblioteket has been assigned by the Swedish government to establish resource libraries for the Swedish national minorities. The library of the Finnish Institute in Stockholm is the resource library for the national minority Swedish Finns (also known as Sweden Finns) and the national minority language Finnish. This study examines how a collaboration between the Finnish Institute’s Library and public libraries can support the public libraries in their efforts to pay specific attention to, protect and promote the national minority Swedish Finns and the Finnish language, according to the Swedish Library Act and the Act on National Minorities and Minority Languages and Sweden’s minority policy goals. The theories guiding the study are R. Putnam’s theory of social capital and A. Vårheim’s and R. Audunson’s et. al. theories of public libraries as places creating social capital. The data was collected through qualitative interviews with seven librarians, representing both the Finnish Institute's Library and four public libraries in designated municipality level administrative areas for Finnish. The results show that public libraries could enhance their services and increase social capital of the minority group by cooperating with the Finnish Institute’s Library and make use of its resources and knowledge of the target group. This could support public libraries in paying more attention to children, young people, elderly people and also those in need of Finnish language revitalisation. Though the public libraries participating in this study had less cooperation with the resource library than expected, they’ve got much support from their municipalities and were more active in their library services for the Swedish Finns than many other public libraries in Sweden.

The aim of this thesis is to study how public libraries can work to support and promote a national minority language. In the thesis Uppsala Library’s work with the Finnish language is reviewed from 2000 to present.  The data was collected through qualitative interviews with five key figures from Uppsala Library and the Uppsala municipality, visits in four local public libraries and the digital library during the spring 2019 and by examining the official documents of the municipality and information that the local public libraries have produced between 2000 and 2019. Uppsala Library’s work with the Finnish language is discussed in the thesis through themes of power, nationalism and identity processes and analyzed in terms of language revitalization. The findings show that during the first decade Uppsala treated the Finnish language as any other foreign language. It provided access to media in Finnish, but the Finnish language was not visible in the library policy or in the library’s information material and program activities in Finnish were few. A major change in Uppsala Library’s work with the Finnish language started in 2010 when the municipality joined the administrative area for the Finnish language. Since 2010 Uppsala Library has with special efforts supported and promoted the Finnish language. Finnish is used in the library’s information material and is visible in the municipality’s and the library’s documents. Uppsala Library offers many kinds of media in Finnish. The library has organized events where the Finnish language is used for children and adults. The events have also brought to light the Swedish Finns’ experiences and the historical connection the Finnish language has to Sweden. Information in Finnish in the physical and digital libraries, however, could be improved. The objective of the Swedish policy on minorities is to provide support for the historical minority languages so that they are kept alive. Uppsala Library’s work during the 2010s shows public libraries’ potential as a forum for minority politics and their importance in the work with minority language revitalization. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Science.

This bachelor thesis in human rights aims to critically study the human rights of the muslim minority in Sweden and the possible limitations of the swedish minority politics. With the Sweden Democrats’s (SD) bigger influence in swedish politics today, an increased xenophobia is a fact, which leads to a risk of a society where islamophobic ideas can grow. Through a case study, muslims’ requirements that their basic human rights are guaranteed, will be discussed, to examine limitations in the swedish multicultural society. With the perspecitve of Iris MarionYoung’s “five faces of oppression”, muslims’ situation will be analyzed, through a variety of material. Universal rights, group rights, integration politics and freedom of religion are parts of the analysis. International critique concerning Sweden’s lack of equality statistics and Sweden’s responsability to guarantee minority groups their rights will also be discussed. A need to strengthen the human rights for muslims in general is emphazised in the conclusion, with suggestions for further research.

This bachelor thesis will discuss Sweden’s minority politics, describe the national minorities, what rights they have and how these rights are observed. The purpose is to present the formal Swedish minority politics and how it is working in reality. Will Kymlicka’s theory about special group rights for minorities will be applied to find out how these rights corroborate with the legal rights. Sweden’s minority politics is based on the Council of Europe’s two conventions for minority protection, so the main analytical focus will be on how these articles are followed in practice by Swedish authorities. The results show that there are some similarities between Kymlickas group rights and the rights that the national minorities in Sweden have, but there are important differences. Swedish authorities also has problems to live up to the European Council’s minority conventions, so the main conclusion is that several improvements must be made in Swedish minority politics.

Problemformulering och syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur de nationella minoriteterna synliggörs på ett svenskt folkbibliotek samt hur bibliotekets arbete kan förstås utifrån R. David Lankes teoretiska ramverk för The New Librarianship. Enligt tidigare studier är det flera av Sveriges folkbibliotek som idag inte uppfyller det lagstadgade uppdraget gentemot de nationella minoriteterna. Uppdraget ska realiseras av olika aktörer i samhället, däribland biblioteken och bibliotekarier. Hur uppdraget utförs verkar vara beroende av resurser men framförallt av professionens kunskap och kompetens vilket sannolikt är något som påverkar målgruppens synliggörande på biblioteken. Det avser både på individnivå och institutionell nivå. Det skapar en ojämlikhet i samhället och är problematiskt ur flera aspekter men främst på grund av att man inte uppfyller lagstiftningen om demokratiska, mänskliga rättigheter. Lisa Hussey (2010) menar att det sätt som professionella inom biblioteks-och informationsvetenskap tillhandahåller tjänster kan stärka positiva sociala strukturer men det kan också förstärka orättvisor.  Metod och teori: Undersökningen är en kvalitativ fallstudie av Upplands Väsby biblioteks arbete gentemot de nationella minoriteterna i Sverige. Det empiriska materialet består av en semistrukturerad intervju med två respondenter, en observationsstudie av biblioteksrummet och en textanalys av Upplands Väsby kommuns biblioteksplan 2021–2024. För analys av studiens resultat, används utvalda delar av R. David Lankes teoretiska ramverk The New Librarianship. Material och resultat: Genom studier av den semistrukturerade intervjun, observationsstudien och närläsning av Upplands Väsby biblioteksplan framkom det sju teman som resultatet delades in i. I undersökningen framgår det att den enskilda bibliotekariens engagemang, kunskap och kompetens spelar en viktig roll för bibliotekets arbete med att stärka och främja de nationella minoriteterna. Det framgår även att det är en politisk fråga och en fråga om resurser som påverkar hur målgruppen synliggörs i samhället. I resultatet lyfts även vikten av samverkan fram, dels med minoriteterna själva, dels med andra aktörer i samhället. Slutsatser: På Upplands Väsby bibliotek drivs det ett medvetet och riktat arbete för de nationella minoriteterna. Det kan ses som en utveckling av uppdraget och en ny bibliotekarieroll, som med rätt kompetens och kunskap har utrymme att bedriva ett värderingsstyrt biblioteksarbete. Med begränsade resurser behöver prioriteringar göras och man kan även med små medel synliggöra och samverka på olika sätt. Genom omvärldsbevakning och att vara i samtal med andra kan man vidga sin kunskap. De delarna tillsammans och att verka för mångfald av människor, litteratur och programverksamhet kan ändå åstadkomma viss skillnad i bibliotekens arbete gentemot de nationella minoriteterna. / Problem and purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how the national minorities are made visible in a Swedish public library and how the library´s work can be understood from R. David Lankes theoretical framework The New Librarianship. According to previous studies, several of Sweden’s public libraries do not fulfill their statutory mission towards the national minorities. The mission must be realized by various actors in society, including libraries and librarians. How the assignment is carried out seems to depend on resources, but above all by the librarian’s knowledge and competence, which is likely something that affects the visibility of the target group in the libraries. This applies both at the individual level and at the institutional level. It creates an inequality in society and is problematic from several aspects, but mainly due to not complying with the legislation on democratic, human rights. Lisa Hussey (2010) argues that the way library and information science professionals provide services can reinforce positive social structures but also reinforce injustice. Method and theory: The survey is a qualitative case study of Upplands Väsby library’s work towards the national minorities in Sweden. The empirical material consists of a semi structured interview with two respondants, an observation study of the library room and a text analysis of Upplands Väsby municipality library plan 2021-2024. For analysis of the study’s result, selected parts of R. David Lankes theoretical framework The New Librarianship are used. Materials and results: Through studies of the semi-structured interview, the observation study and a close reading of Upplands Väsby’s library plan, seven themes emerged which the result were divided into. The survey shows that the commitment, knowledge, and competence of the individual librarian play an important role in the library’s work to strengthen and promote the national minorities. It also appears that it is a political issue and a matter of resources that affect how the target group is made visible in society. The result also highlights the importance of cooperation with the minorities themselves and with other actors in society. Conclusions: At Upplands Väsby’s library, a conscious and targeted work is carried out for the national minorities. It can be seen as a development of the mission and a new librarian role, which with the right skills and knowledge has room to carry out value-driven library work. With limited resources, priorities need to be set, but even with small funds you can collaborate with and make the national minorities visible in different ways. By observing the world around you and being in conversations with other, you can expand your knowledge. Those parts together and working for a diversity of people, literature and program activities can still make a certain difference in the work of the libraries for the national minorities.