In this thesis, I have explored the possibilities of what furniture can look like on a moon base. How they will be made and what resources to use. What will the living conditions be like and why producing on a faraway place is important for future interstellar missions. By combining art and design, I will present a realistic concept that fits the need of the astronauts stationed on the moon and know what one might need when on a moon station.

During the Apollo 10 and 17 missions NASA astronauts reported that they saw streamers emanating from the surface of the moon. They concluded that the streamers were produced by light scattering from dust particles. The particles are believed to be transported by an ambient electric field. This theorized electric field has never been measured directly, although the electric potential on the surface and above it has. The exact behavior and origin of the electric field is unknown, but has been approximated to be between 1 and 12 V/m. To measure this electrical field a new type of instrument, called Multi Plate Field Mills (MPFM) has been developed. This type of instrument is capable of measuring both the amplitude and directionality of the electrical field. Three of these instruments will be mounted on a 1U CubeSat to be lunched with the PTS mission to the moon scheduled to Q4 2019. In this work the MPFM were characterized. The precision of the instrument for electrical fields applied along the z, y and x axis was found to be 0.6, 1.3, 1.4 (V/m)/(Hz)^(1/2) respectively for measurements in air and 0.14, 0.6, 0.6 (V/m)/(Hz)^(1/2) for measurements in vacuum. This sensitivity outperforms the current state of the art Field Mills and, in addition to that, it provides an assessment of the directionality of the electrical field. / Umeå Lunar Venture

No description available.

Exploring the Solar System is an ongoing process of humanity that cannot be stopped. It requires large amounts of resources to explore space, which need to be acquired from somewhere. Resources mined on Earth cannot be diverted from vital productions on Earth as those required for energy systems transition and developing a sustainable society. With an ever-increasing demand of resources on Earth, resource extraction needs to be increased and diverted to avoid resource depletion. One such diversion is resource extraction from terrestrial bodies other than Earth, such as asteroids, meteorites, and the Moon. This thesis looks at the resources present on the Moon by compiling a chemical database which is then fed to mathematical models aimed to compare historical trends of Earth mining operations and prospected trends from lunar resources. Such approach is expected to establish if lunar mining is viable. The results are discussed in a larger context of how lunar resources can be used for in-situ resource utilization for solar system exploration, as well as questions regarding space law and possible colonialization.

<p>This dissertation examines the fiction of three contemporary American writers – Joan Didion, Don DeLillo and Paul Auster – who interrogate the legacy of the American sublime in its contemporary configurations and reconfigurations. The texts that I have selected by each writer dramatize and question how and why the American sublime remains a fundamental way for American culture to conceptualize power as an expression of American identity and progress. In turn, what each text conveys is the destructive consequences that often follow with investing natural phenomena, technology, cultural sites and practices with power that elicits the particular qualities of awe and terror unique to the American sublime. Above all, these texts illuminate why American culture continues to produce, reproduce and popularize experiences and images of sublimity within cultural sites, practices, art and literature.</p> <p>Moreover, by emphasizing that these texts locate the American sublime as a culturally produced experience, my analysis develops from – but also departs from – the most recent book-length studies of the sublime and American fiction. The work of scholars such as Barbara Claire Freeman, Joseph Tabbi and Christope Den Tandt who have considered the sublime in relation to gender, technology and urban landscapes complement my approach to the cultural impact of the American sublime in the fiction of Didion, DeLillo and Auster. At the same time, my examination of the ways in which their fiction accounts for the dissemination of the American sublime through art and literature as well as popular culture, brings to the forefront an important feature each text shares – the possibility that art might contest – rather than reinscribe – traditional configurations or reconfigurations of American sublimity.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

This thesis is about how space technology is experienced in the social domain and how its purpose is recast from different viewpoints. The author is an artist and the approach taken foregrounds qualities of experience and viewpoint in which artists have a particular investment. This approach opens up the ways that affect, agency and authorship cross social domains that are directly and indirectly associated with the production of space technologies. A key focus is a group project led by the author that was initiated in response to the launch in October 2008 of the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The project took place in Bengaluru, India where the spacecraft was built. Taking the ambivalence that surrounds the uses and purposes of space technologies as a starting point, a description of the spacecraft is developed from a number of viewpoints, including the mission scientists, public media and the participants of the artist-led project. The interventionist strategies of the project shed light on the ways that technologies can be accessed through their imaginaries and this has significance for large-scale technologies, such as spacecraft, for which physical access is delimited and much of the infrastructure is invisible or hidden from public view. The thesis proposes ways of reinstating missed qualities of viewpoint and experience within the affective spaces of space technology through the imperative to articulate first-person engagements with the world that is bound into artistic interpretation. What is further proposed is that by picturing the interrelations and flows of space technology in social domains through the lenses of experience and viewpoint, a 'technographic picture' is created that then becomes available as a tool with which to re-imagine spacefaring. This is a crucial addition to discussions about the interplay between science, technology and society that recognises the intimate spaces at the core of such large-scale concepts. It offers a new transdisciplinary modality that incorporates an artistic approach with which to make sense of the structurally ambivalent pursuits of spacefaring.

The successful completion of the Hiten mission in 1991 provided real-world validation of a class of trajectories defined as ballistic lunar capture transfers. This class of transfers is often considered for missions to the Moon and for tours of the moons of other planets. In this study, the dynamics of the three and four body problems are examined to better explain the mechanisms of low energy transfers in the Earth-Moon system, and to determine their optimality. Families of periodic orbits in the restricted Earth-Sun-spacecraft three body problem are shown to be generating families for low energy transfers between orbits of the Earth. The low energy orbit-to-orbit transfers are shown to require less fuel than optimal direct transfers between the same orbits in the Earth-Sun-spacecraft circular restricted three body problem. The low energy transfers are categorized based on their generating family and the number of flybys in the reference three body trajectory. The practical application of these generating families to spacecraft mission design is demonstrated through a robust nonlinear targeting algorithm for finding Sun-Earth- Moon-spacecraft four body transfers based on startup transfers indentified in the Earth- Sun three body problem. The local optimality of the transfers is examined through use of Lawden’s primer vector theory, and new conditions of optimality for single-impulse-to-capture lunar transfers are established. / text

當傳統財務理論的現金流量折現模型，對評價網際網路面臨挑戰時，如何評價網際網路便成為學者們探討的課題。 本研究探討以實質選擇權法來評估高科技公司之股價。本研究以Schwartz及Moon(2001)模型為主，逐步推演出公司價值。考慮公司負債狀況，以實質選擇權模型來評估線上遊戲公司—智冠科技每股價值。本篇文章另外考慮當公司受到產業競爭、公司發佈推出新產品等個別的訊息時，營業收入會受到相當大的影響。因此在公司營收波動方面加入跳躍過程。本研究加入跳躍過程的修正模型，經模型測試後發現比Schwartz及Moon(2001)模型，更能預測股價。 以2000年第一季至2003年第一季為止之財務報告資訊估計參數，並採蒙地卡羅模擬法求出實質選擇權法模型股價，為每股新台幣103.32元，與智冠科技2003年5月14日的收盤價為102.5元比較，可知利用實質選擇權法所求出的理論股價與實際股價相當接近，所以實質選擇權法不失為評估理論股價的一種評價模型。 由敏感度分析結果，可知影響智冠科技股價的重要參數為：期初營業收入、期初預期收入成長率的標準差、長期收入成長率、營收成長率之回復平均參數、長期變動成本參數、正負面事件發生跳躍的頻率。

Nous avons développé une méthode pour analyse isotopique de Yb et Er, deux terres rares aux propriétés chimiques identiques et aux températures de condensation différentes, avec comme objectifs (1) de déterminer la variabilité isotopique de ces éléments dans les processus pétrologiques terrestres, et (2) de comparer leurs compositions isotopiques dans les chondrites, la Terre et la Lune afin de déterminer le rôle potentiel de la condensation à haute température à partir de vapeurs qui a suivi l’impact géant à l’origine de la formation de la Lune. Les résultats obtenus montrent une plus grande variabilité des fractionnements isotopiques de Yb par rapport à ceux d’Er. Deux effets contribuent à cette différence : un effet oxydo-réducteur et un effet de température. La corrélation positive obtenue entre la composition isotopique en Yb, et le rapport La/Yb dans les échantillons terrestres, peut être interprétée par la présence d’une faible fraction d’ Yb(2+), Yb étant majoritairement présent sous la forme Yb(3+). La kimberlite (liquide magmatique formé par un faible taux de fusion partielle) est enrichie en isotopes lourds et les grenats, résidus de fusion partielle, sont isotopiquement légers, tandis que les basaltes de ride ou d’îles ont des compositions isotopiques intermédiaires.La composition isotopique en Yb de la Lune est enrichie en isotopes légers par rapport à celle de la Terre et des chondrites. Dans le disque proto-lunaire, les frictions entre les phases fondues et gazeuses favorisent la migration des premiers condensats très réfractaires et enrichis en isotopes lourds vers la Terre, et celle de la vapeur enrichie en isotopes légers, vers l’extérieur, au-delà de la limite de Roche à partir de laquelle la Lune s’accrète. Ceci est un nouvel argument en faveur de la condensation de la Lune à partir de vapeur générée par un impact géant. La mesure de la composition isotopique d’Er dans les échantillons lunaires reflète pour la première fois la capture par 167Er des neutrons produits par interaction du rayonnement cosmique galactique avec la surface lunaire. L’apport de Er aux systèmes communément utilisés pour déterminer le spectre d’énergie des neutrons d’un matériau peut permettre de couvrir une gamme énergétique plus large et de disposer ainsi d’un proxy plus complet pour l’étude des histoires des irradiations des matériaux planétaires. / Er and Yb are two refractory rare-earth elements that have overall similar crystallochemical properties but differ in their temperatures of condensation from the nebular gas. We developed an analytical protocol for the measurement of Er and Yb isotope compositions 1) to establish their isotopic variability in terrestrial magmatic processes 2) to compare their isotopic composition in chondrites, Earth and Moon in order to study fractionation during the high temperature condensation of vapor formed by the giant impact that generated the Moon. The range of mass-dependent isotope fractionation obtained is larger for Yb than Er isotopes. Two effects contribute to the difference between Er and Yb : a redox effect and a temperature effect.First, for terrestrial rocks, the presence of a small fraction of Yb(2+) together with the most common Yb(3+) is inferred from the positive corre- lation between δYb and the La/Yb ratio. Yb(3+) fractionates favorably into tighter bonds and, at the same time, is much more compatible than Yb(2+). Small-degree melts (kimberlite) tend to be enriched in the heavy Yb isotopes, whereas the opposite is true for residual garnets. Second, the stronger volatility of Yb with respect to Er is demonstrated by the apparent deficit of heavy Yb isotopes in the Moon with respect to the Earth, chondrites, and eucrites. Separation of vapor from melt and of heavy from light isotopes is first expected during the adiabatic expansion of the initial vapor plume. Subsequently, friction between melt and gas tends to further enrich the Moon feeding zone in silicate vapor to compensate the inward migration of melt out of the pre-lunar disk. The lighter isotope composition of Yb in lunar samples provides new evidence that the Moon formed by condensation of silicate vapor in the aftermath of the giant lunar impact.Erbium isotope ratios in lunar samples reflect for the first time the capture by 167Er of secondary neutrons produced by interactions of galactic cosmic rays with the lunar surface. The cross section of 167Er for neutron capture being particularly strong and its first resonance standing out at energies poorly covered by other nuclides, 167Er anomalies may help refine the knowledge of the neutron energy spectrum on the Moon and other planetary bodies.

L’instabilité elliptique peut apparaître dès qu’un écoulement présente des lignes de courant elliptiques, ce qui en fait une instabilité générique des fluides tournants. Si sa pertinence en aéronautique ne laisse plus de doute, sa prise en compte dans l’étude des écoulements géo- et astrophysiques pose de nombreuses questions qui constituent la motivation principale de ce travail théorique, numérique et expérimental. Après une introduction aux écoulements tournants, le chapitre 1 présente les trois forçages mécaniques présents aux échelles planétaires qui seront considérés dans ce travail : les marées, la précession et la libration. Un état de l’art sur les écoulements et les instabilités associés à ces forçages est alors décrit, formant le cadre de cette étude. Le chapitre 2 présente les premières simulations numériques de l’instabilité elliptique en géométrie ellipsoïdale. Ces simulations nous permettent de quantifier l’influence de différentes complexités géophysiques et d’obtenir des lois d’échelles caractérisant l’instabilité. L’interaction de l’instabilité elliptique avec les deux autres forçages mécaniques est ensuite considérée. La section 2.4 montre que la présence simultanée de marées et de libration est susceptible d’exciter une instabilité elliptique au sein des astres synchronisés. La section 2.5 développe et valide une théorie analytique sur l’interaction des marées et de la précession. Enfin, la section 2.6 démontre que l’instabilité elliptique peut se développer à partir d’écoulements convectifs ou stratifiés. Le chapitre 3 s’intéresse à la magnétohydrodynamique (MHD) de l’instabilité elliptique. De nouveaux résultats sur l’aspect inductif de l’instabilité sont obtenus et validés numériquement. La génération d’un effet dynamo associé à l’instabilité elliptique est également abordé. Une partie expérimentale liée à ce travail est ensuite décrite, basée sur un dispositif MHD. Après une étude de la dynamique non-linéaire de l’instabilité sous champ, le dispositif est modifié afin de mettre en place une dynamo synthétique. L’amplitude du champ magnétique imposé pouvant être assez assez grande pour restabiliser l’écoulement, ce dispositif permet d’étudier la saturation par l’écoulement d’une telle dynamo. Des premiers résultats en ce sens sont présentés. Le chapitre 4 utilise les résultats obtenus pour étudier la présence de l’instabilité elliptique au sein de planètes, lunes et étoiles connues. Le cas particulier de la Lune est d’abord considéré et un scénario, basé sur l’instabilité elliptique, est proposé puis évalué pour expliquer la dynamo lunaire primitive. Les astres telluriques sont ensuite considérés dans un cadre plus général, et une étude de stabilité adaptée à ce contexte montre que l’instabilité est possible sur la Terre primitive, Europe et trois exoplanètes (55CnCe, CoRoT-7b et GJ1214b). Enfin, la possible existence de l’instabilité au sein de certains systèmes extra-solaires à Jupiter chauds est considérée, montrant sa pertinence pour certains d’entre eux tel que celui de Tau-boo. / The elliptical instability is a generic instability which takes place in any rotating fluid whose streamlines are (even slightly) elliptically deformed. Its presence in an aeronautical context is well established, but its existence in geo- or astrophysical large scale flows raises many issues. This is the starting point of this theoretical, numerical and experimental work.After introducing basics of the rotating flows, chapter 1 presents the three natural planetary mechanical forcings considered in this work : tides, precession and libration. A state-of-the-art of the flows and instabilities associated with these forcings is then given, which constitutes the framework of this study.Chapter 2 presents the first numerical simulations of the elliptical instability in an ellipsoidal geometry, relevant for planets. These simulations allow to quantify the influence of different natural geophysical complexities, and to derive the scaling laws needed to bridge the gap between numerics and planetary applications. The interaction of the elliptical instability with the two other forcings is then considered. Section 2.4 shows that the simultaneous presence of tides and libration can excite an elliptical instability inside fluid layers of synchronized celestial bodies. In section 2.5, a theoretical analysis of the interaction between tides and precession is developed and validated. Finally, in section 2.6, we prove that the elliptical instability can still develop over convective or stratified flows.Chapter 3 focuses on the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) of the elliptical instability. New results on the magnetic induction by the elliptical instability are obtained and validated numerically. The possible dynamo capability of the instability is also tackled. The experimental part of this work, based on a MHD setup, is then described. Our measurements allow to study the non-linear dynamics of the instability under an external imposed magnetic field. The experimental setup is then modified in order to obtain a synthetic dynamo. The amplitude of the imposed magnetic field being large enough to restabilize the flow, this setup allows to study the saturation by the flow of such a dynamo. First results on this point are presented. Chapter 4 uses the obtained results to study the presence of the elliptical instability in known planets, moons, and stars. The particular case of the Moon is first considered and a scenario, based on the elliptical instability, is proposed and evaluated to explain the primitive lunar dynamo. Telluric bodies are then considered in a more general context, and a stability analysis adapted to this context shows that the instability can be expected in the Early Earth, Europa and three exoplanets (55CnCe, CoRoT-7b et GJ1214b). Finally, the possible development of the instability in extra-solar Hot-Jupiters systems is considered, showing its relevance for some of them, such as the system of Tau-boo.