Phytoplankton dynamics and chemical characteristics of the euphotic zone were measured from 1998-2000 (an El Niño/La Niña cycle) at the 5 major stations along Line P. Near-shelf and offshore stations exhibited low seasonality in chlorophyll and moderate seasonality in particulate organic carbon (POC) production. During the 1998 El Niño, June was characterized by low chlorophyll and POC productivity due to nitrate depletion. In contrast, during the 1999 La Niña, and in 2000, higher POC productivity and nitrate occurred in June. During 1999, chlorophyll and POC productivity were similar to 1998 in late summer. Near-shelf biomass was highest in June and lowest in Feb. for the near-shelf stations. High nitrate, low chlorophyll (HNLC) stations had the highest chlorophyll in Feb. followed by June. The coccolithophore assemblage was usually numerically dominated by Emiliania huxleyi, particularly in June. Along the transect, coccolithophore abundance was much higher in June during the 1998 El Niño than in the 1999 La Niña, with Aug./Sept. abundance of both years being very low. Higher abundances were measured along the transect in June and the late summer of 2000 with sporadic ‘blooms’ of >1000 cells ml⁻¹ at some stations. Particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) production was high along the transect during June 1998, and low during both winters, June 1999 and during late summers of 1998 and 1999. There was an increase in diatom biomass and >20 µm POC production during the 1998 El Niño, specifically in the farthest offshore HNLC stations, yet diatoms were rarely found to dominate total phytoplankton biomass or production. However, there were some sporadic examples of anomalously high diatom biomass (carbon and abundance) as well as >20 µm POC production, specifically at P12 in Aug./Sept 2000. The same major diatom species were found throughout Line P (near-shelf, P16, and HNLC). Integrated silica production measured by ³²Si ranged from 0.2 to 4.7 mmol Si m⁻² d⁻¹ between 1999-2000. Silicic acid and nitrate were never limiting at all stations in Feb. and generally increased in concentration along Line P during all seasons.

Nier, c'est refuser, c'est s'opposer a un fait ou a une idee. Dans ce travail on defini la phrase negatif en partant des notions de negation, on voit les differences entre negation polemique, negation descriptive, negation totale et negation partielle. En nanlysant la signification de la phrase negative, on distingue d'une part la portee de la negation et son incidence, et d'autre part, le foyer de la negation de sa portee. De plus on analyse les mots negatifs et leur place dans la phrase.

Magistro darbo objektas – virtualios bendruomenės, aktyviai reiškiančios savo narių pilietinę valią ir jų vaidmuo politinėje komunikacijoje. Darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti, kaip virtualios pilietiškai aktyvių narių bendruomenės dalyvauja ir komunikuoja politinėje viešojoje erdvėje. Pagrindiniai darbo uždaviniai: išanalizuoti politinės komunikacijos procesus, įvardijant piliečių, bendruomenės vaidmenį juose; aptarti, kaip politinė komunikacija integruojama internete; ištirti, kaip formuojasi virtualios bendruomenės, kurios reiškia pilietinę valią, ir kokia jų reikšmė politinėje komunikacijoje; išsiaiškinti, kaip Lietuvoje veikė konkreti virtuali pilietinė bendruomenė, kokie žmonės dalyvavo jos veikloje, kokie buvo vykdomi bendruomenės veiksmai ypatingose situacijose. Naudojantis literatūros analizės bei sintezės metodais ir naudojantis 4 rūšių informacijos šaltiniais, atlikus virtualios bendruomenės „Už Prezidentūrą, dirbančią Lietuvai“ atvejo analizę, prieita prie išvados, kad politinė komunikacija naudojama politikams siekiant užsibrėžtų specifinių tikslų, piliečiams informuoti politikus, bei informacijai, kurią žiniasklaida siunčia ir visuomenei, ir valdymo organams. Galimybė komunikuoti internete leidžia visuomenei ir valdžiai susisiekti be tradicinių tarpininkų. Elektroninė erdvė svarbi politinės informacijos sklaidai, mainams, piliečių raiškai ir mobilizacijai. Elektroninių bendruomenių nuomonė visuomenėje turi svaresnį balsą nei pavienių interneto anonimų. Bendruomenė... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Political communication exists from the ancient times, when people started to rule: lands, people and other resources. Communication involves all spheres of life. Various techniques are used for political communication, starting with mass communication medium, ending with communication to purposive groups. Bigger and bigger influence to political communication is being made by emerging information and communication technologies. These technologies created possibility to develop new forms of political participation and citizen’s communication. Failing civic participation in voting worries democracy’s future. Will new communication technologies stimulate people’s civic action? Master paper object – virtual communities, which express their members civic will actively, and their role in political communication. Paper’s purpose is to analyze, how virtual communities of civically active members participate and communicate in political public sphere. The main tasks are: to analyze processes of political communication, to name communities role in them; to discuss how political communication is integrated on the internet; investigate, how virtual communities, that express civic will, develop, and what is its importance to political communication; to clear, how concrete virtual civic community acted in Lithuania, what people participated in it, what common specific actions were maid by community in particular situations. There were used literature analysis, synthesis and case study of... [to full text]

In the dissertation one of the Rivlin-Erikson differential type fluids model – the second grade fluids flow problem is considered. The problem is studied in three different unbounded domains: • the two-dimensional channel, • the three-dimensional axially symmetric pipe, • the three-dimensional pipe with an arbitrary cross section. For the two-dimensional channel and the three-dimensional axially symmetric pipe we assume that the initial data and the external force have only the last component and are independent of the coordinate x_n: u_0(x,t)=(0, …, u_{n0}(x’,t)), f(x,t)=(0, …, f_n(x’,t)). We look for an unidirectional (having just the last component) solution u(x,t) =(0, …, u_n(x’,t)), which satisfies the flux condition. Such solution we call Poiseuille type solution. In the first two cases the existence of a unique unidirectional Poiseuille type solution is proved and the relation between the flux of the velocity field and the pressure drop (the gradient of the pressure) is found. The analogous results were obtained for the time periodic problem in the two-dimensional channel. It is shown that in the three-dimensional pipe with an arbitrary cross section the unidirectional solution does not exists even if data are unidirectional. However, for sufficiently small data in this case exists a unique solution having all three components u(x’,t)=( u_1, u_2, u_3). To analyze the problem we use Galerkin method with the special bases. / Disertacijoje nagrinėjamas vienas iš Rivlin-Eriksono diferencialinio tipo skysčių matematinių modelių – antrojo laipsnio skysčių tekėjimo uždavinys. Problema analizuojama su papildomai užduota srauto sąlyga trijose skirtingose srityse: • begalinėje juostoje, • begaliniame sukimosi cilindre, • begaliniame vamzdyje su bet kokiu skerspjūviu. Tariama, kad pradinio greičio ir išorės jėgų vektoriai nepriklauso nuo paskutinės koordinatės ir yra išreikšti pavidalu u_0(x,t)=(0, …, u_{n0}(x’,t)), f(x,t)=(0, …, f_n(x’,t)). Ieškoma antrojo laipsnio skysčių tekėjimo uždavinio Puazeilio tipo u(x,t) =(0, …, u_n(x’,t)) sprendinio. Begalinėje dvimatėje juostoje ir begaliniame trimačiame sukimosi cilindre įrodytas kryptinio Puazeilio tipo sprendinio egzistavimas ir rastas sąryšis tarp srauto ir slėgio gradiento. Analogiški rezultatai gauti pradiniam ir kraštiniam antrojo laipsnio skysčių tekėjimo uždaviniui periodinėje pagal laiką begalinėje dvimatėje juostoje. Darbe parodyta, kad begaliniame trimačiame vamzdyje, su bet kokiu skerspjūviu, kryptinis (priklausantis tik nuo paskutinės komponentės) Puazeilio tipo sprendinys neegzistuoja net jei pradiniai duomenys yra kryptiniai. Nagrinėjamas bendresnis atvejis, kai Puazeilio tipo sprendinys priklauso nuo visų trijų komponenčių u(x’,t)=( u_1, u_2, u_3). Disertacijoje įrodyta, kad esant mažiems pradiniams duomenims egzistuoja vienintelis uždavinio sprendinys. Sprendžiant buvo naudojamas Galiorkino aproksimacijų metodas ir specialios bazės.

Disertacijoje nagrinėjamas vienas iš Rivlin-Eriksono diferencialinio tipo skysčių matematinių modelių – antrojo laipsnio skysčių tekėjimo uždavinys. Problema analizuojama su papildomai užduota srauto sąlyga trijose skirtingose srityse: • begalinėje juostoje, • begaliniame sukimosi cilindre, • begaliniame vamzdyje su bet kokiu skerspjūviu. Tariama, kad pradinio greičio ir išorės jėgų vektoriai nepriklauso nuo paskutinės koordinatės ir yra išreikšti pavidalu u_0(x,t)=(0, …, u_{n0}(x’,t)), f(x,t)=(0, …, f_n(x’,t)). Ieškoma antrojo laipsnio skysčių tekėjimo uždavinio Puazeilio tipo u(x,t) =(0, …, u_n(x’,t)) sprendinio. Begalinėje dvimatėje juostoje ir begaliniame trimačiame sukimosi cilindre įrodytas kryptinio Puazeilio tipo sprendinio egzistavimas ir rastas sąryšis tarp srauto ir slėgio gradiento. Analogiški rezultatai gauti pradiniam ir kraštiniam antrojo laipsnio skysčių tekėjimo uždaviniui periodinėje pagal laiką begalinėje dvimatėje juostoje. Darbe parodyta, kad begaliniame trimačiame vamzdyje, su bet kokiu skerspjūviu, kryptinis (priklausantis tik nuo paskutinės komponentės) Puazeilio tipo sprendinys neegzistuoja net jei pradiniai duomenys yra kryptiniai. Nagrinėjamas bendresnis atvejis, kai Puazeilio tipo sprendinys priklauso nuo visų trijų komponenčių u(x’,t)=(u_1, u_2, u_3). Disertacijoje įrodyta, kad esant mažiems pradiniams duomenims egzistuoja vienintelis uždavinio sprendinys. Sprendžiant buvo naudojamas Galiorkino aproksimacijų metodas ir specialios bazės. / In the dissertation one of the Rivlin-Erikson differential type fluids model – the second grade fluids flow problem is considered. The problem is studied in three different unbounded domains: • the two-dimensional channel, • the three-dimensional axially symmetric pipe, • the three-dimensional pipe with an arbitrary cross section. For the two-dimensional channel and the three-dimensional axially symmetric pipe we assume that the initial data and the external force have only the last component and are independent of the coordinate x_n: u_0(x,t)=(0, …, u_{n0}(x’,t)), f(x,t)=(0, …, f_n(x’,t)). We look for an unidirectional (having just the last component) solution u(x,t) =(0, …, u_n(x’,t)), which satisfies the flux condition. Such solution we call Poiseuille type solution. In the first two cases the existence of a unique unidirectional Poiseuille type solution is proved and the relation between the flux of the velocity field and the pressure drop (the gradient of the pressure) is found. The analogous results were obtained for the time periodic problem in the two-dimensional channel. It is shown that in the three-dimensional pipe with an arbitrary cross section the unidirectional solution does not exists even if data are unidirectional. However, for sufficiently small data in this case exists a unique solution having all three components u(x’,t)=( u_1, u_2, u_3). To analyze the problem we use Galerkin method with the special bases.

What happens when employees within the police-force make mistakes in their line of duty? This essay set out to investigate the relationship between labour law sanctions and the criminal law punishments for wrongful acts for government employees. This relationship is also set in the perspective of how acts or statements of xenophobia are handled within the Swedish police-force. Further, the essay aims to examine the principle of ne bis in idem in relation to labour law sanctions and criminal law punishment for wrongful acts, and if these two should be considered in line with this principle. Regarding the relationship between labour law sanctions and criminal law punishment for government employees, the determination for which system to use in any given situation is not fully stipulated. One key aspect is whether the act is carried out in exercise of public authority. By examining cases regarding xenophobia within the Swedish police-force one conclusion that the author has come to is that xenophobia more often is considered an insult (regulated in BrB 5:3) rather than wrongful acts in the line of duty. However, acts or statements of xenophobia are considered wrong and far away from the expected behavior of members of the Swedish police-force. By making an analogy with Swedish tax law an argument can be made that the relationship between labour law sanctions and criminal law punishment for wrongful acts is worth examining, and might not fully be in line with the principle of ne bis in idem.

Spartėjant globalizacijos procesams, formuojasi atviros rinkos ir jose stiprėja konkurencija. Pasitikėjimas organizacija ir geras organizacijos įvaizdis tampa vienas esminių veiksnių, padedančių konkuruoti rinkoje. Sėkmingas organizacijos tikslų siekimas priklauso nuo visuomenės nuomonės apie ją. Visuomenės nuomonei formuoti pasitelkiama tikslingai nukreipta veikla, vadinama ryšiais su visuomene. Pagrindinės sąvokos, apibūdinančios ryšius su visuomene, yra patikimumas, pasitikėjimas, komunikacija bei abipusio supratimo siekimas. Ryšiai su visuomene yra vienas iš būdų, kuriais visuomenė prisitaiko prie pokyčių ir juos priima, suderina skirtingus ir konfliktuojančius požiūrius, vertybes, idėjas, institucijas ir individus. Ryšių su visuomene technologijos bei organizacijų įvaizdžio formavimo metodai aprašyti marketingo, komunikacijos ir kitų specialistų, tačiau praktinis jų pritaikymas analizuotas mažai. Taigi atsižvelgiant į problemos aktualumą, šiame darbe bus nagrinėjamos teorinės ryšių su visuomene veiklos priemonės bei analizuojamas jų praktinis taikymas pelno ir nepelno organizacijose. / Facing the rapidity of globalization processes, open markets form and competition increases. The trust of an organization and good image of an organization becomes one of the main factors, which helps to compete in the market. Successful pursuit of the aims of an organization depends on the public opinion. In order to form the opinion of the public, purposefully targeted activities are invoked named as the public relations. The main concepts, defining the public relations are credibility, trust, communication and endeavour for mutual understanding. The public relations is one of the means by which the society adapts to the changes and accepts them, coordinates different and feuding approaches, values, ideas and individuals. The technologies of the public relations and methods of image formation of an organization are described by the professionals of marketing, communications and other areas; however, their practical application is little analyzed. Therefore, considering the relevance of the question, theoretical means of the public relations activities shall be examined, and their application in profit and non-profit organizations shall be analyzed.

Magistrinio darbo tezės tikslas - atlikti mokslinį tyrimą ir patvirtinti arba paneigti hipotezę, kuri teigia, kad LR teisinė sistema neužtikrina moters nediskriminavimo darbo rinkoje. Objektas – teisinė sistema, susijusi su moters (ne)diskriminavimu darbo rinkoje. Problematika pasireiškia tuo, kad Lietuvoje yra sukurta įstatyminė bazė, skirta įgyvendinti lygias asmenų teises darbo srityje. Tačiau, remiantis oficialiais statistiniais duomenimis, de facto moterų padėtis darbo rinkoje yra prastesnė nei vyrų. Darbe buvo naudojami mokslinio tyrimo metodai: interviu, lyginamasis, analitinis, aprašomasis. Tyrimų rezultatai atskleidė, kad moteris darbo rinkoje diskriminuojama dėl nepakankamo moterų atstovavimo priimant sprendimus, nuolat reprodukuojamų lyčių stereotipų, didesnės moterų nei vyrų turimų šeiminių pareigų naštos. LR įstatymai numato keturias draudžiamas diskriminavimo formas: tiesioginę ir netiesioginę diskriminaciją, priekabiavimą ir seksualinį priekabiavimą, tačiau teisinių sąvokų vienoks ar kitoks apibrėžimas įstatyme, neturi tiesioginio ryšio su faktine segregacija užimtumo srityje. LR įstatymuose pozityvieji veiksmai yra įvardinti kaip laikinos specialiosios priemonės, taikomos siekiant užtikrinti lygybę ir užkirsti kelią lygių galimybių pažeidimui lyties ir kt. pagrindais, tačiau Lietuvoje nėra priimtas įstatymas, kuris numatytų šių priemonių taikymo sąlygas. Lietuvoje Konvencija dėl visų formų diskriminacijos panaikinimo moterims ir jos Fakultatyvinis protokolas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the Master thesis Does the Law System of the Republic of Lithuania Ensure the Non-Discrimination of Women in Labour Market is, by answering the problematic question, to conduct a scientific research and confirm or deny the hypothesis that the law system of the Republic of Lithuania does not ensure the non-discrimination of women in labour market. This topic is problematic because there is a legislative context established in Lithuania that aims to ensure equal individual rights in the field of labour. Despite the relative legislation, the official statistical data demonstrate that de facto situation of women in labour market is worse than men. In Lithuania only in 2012 in the age range of 25-34 there were 17.8% more women with higher education than men and, compared to men, their work pay gap was 12.6%. What is more, in the age range of 35-44 the work pay gap was 17.3%, and the employment rate of women was 3% smaller than men. Hence, the subject of the scientific study is the legal system of the Republic of Lithuania in terms of the non-discrimination/discrimination of women in labour market. The objectives of the paper are as follows: 1. interview the representatives of three different institutions in Lithuania in order to find out the main reasons, why the situation of women in the labour market is worse, and to provide the form and base of discrimination of women; 2. present the concept of positive actions and the application of tools of positive actions that... [to full text]

Phytoplankton dynamics and chemical characteristics of the euphotic zone were measured from 1998-2000 (an El Niño/La Niña cycle) at the 5 major stations along Line P. Near-shelf and offshore stations exhibited low seasonality in chlorophyll and moderate seasonality in particulate organic carbon (POC) production. During the 1998 El Niño, June was characterized by low chlorophyll and POC productivity due to nitrate depletion. In contrast, during the 1999 La Niña, and in 2000, higher POC productivity and nitrate occurred in June. During 1999, chlorophyll and POC productivity were similar to 1998 in late summer. Near-shelf biomass was highest in June and lowest in Feb. for the near-shelf stations. High nitrate, low chlorophyll (HNLC) stations had the highest chlorophyll in Feb. followed by June. The coccolithophore assemblage was usually numerically dominated by Emiliania huxleyi, particularly in June. Along the transect, coccolithophore abundance was much higher in June during the 1998 El Niño than in the 1999 La Niña, with Aug./Sept. abundance of both years being very low. Higher abundances were measured along the transect in June and the late summer of 2000 with sporadic ‘blooms’ of >1000 cells ml⁻¹ at some stations. Particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) production was high along the transect during June 1998, and low during both winters, June 1999 and during late summers of 1998 and 1999. There was an increase in diatom biomass and >20 µm POC production during the 1998 El Niño, specifically in the farthest offshore HNLC stations, yet diatoms were rarely found to dominate total phytoplankton biomass or production. However, there were some sporadic examples of anomalously high diatom biomass (carbon and abundance) as well as >20 µm POC production, specifically at P12 in Aug./Sept 2000. The same major diatom species were found throughout Line P (near-shelf, P16, and HNLC). Integrated silica production measured by ³²Si ranged from 0.2 to 4.7 mmol Si m⁻² d⁻¹ between 1999-2000. Silicic acid and nitrate were never limiting at all stations in Feb. and generally increased in concentration along Line P during all seasons.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Northern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2006. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 236-242).