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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Desfechos clínicos em neutropenia febril

Rosa, Regis Goulart January 2015 (has links)
Neutropenia febril (NF) constitui complicação frequente do tratamento quimioterápico do câncer e está associada a altas taxas de morbimortalidade. O reconhecimento dos principais fatores associados ao desenvolvimento de desfechos clínicos desfavoráveis na NF é fundamental, uma vez que estes podem ser utilizados como marcadores prognósticos ou alvos terapêuticos. Este estudo objetiva determinar os principais fatores associados com mortalidade, tempo de hospitalização, incidência de bacteremia por patógenos multirresistentes e incidência de choque séptico no início da febre em pacientes hospitalizados com NF secundária à quimioterapia citotóxica para o câncer. Na presente coorte prospectiva composta por 305 episódios consecutivos de NF (em 169 pacientes com câncer) realizada em um hospital terciário no período de outubro de 2009 a agosto de 2011, as seguintes questões de pesquisa foram avaliadas: impacto do tempo de início da antibioticoterapia na mortalidade em 28 dias; fatores relacionados com tempo de hospitalização; impacto dos fatores microbiológicos da bacteremia no desenvolvimento de choque séptico no início do episódio de NF; fatores de risco para bacteremia por patógenos multirresistentes; impacto da bacteremia por Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo na mortalidade em 28 dias. Em 5 publicações distintas, os seguintes resultados foram notados: o atraso do início da antibioticoterapia está associado a maiores taxas de mortalidade em 28 dias; neoplasia hematológica, regimes quimioterápicos de altas doses, duração da neutropenia e bacteremia por Gram-negativos multirresistentes estão associados com períodos prolongados de internação por NF; infecção de corrente sanguínea polimicrobiana, bacteremia por Escherichia coli e bacteremia por Streptococcus viridans estão associados a choque séptico no início do episódio de NF; idade avançada, duração da neutropenia e presença de cateter venoso central estão associados com bacteremia por patógenos multirresistentes; bacteremia por Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo está associada a menores taxas de mortalidade em 28 dias quando comparado à bacteremia por outros patógenos. / Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common complication of cancer chemotherapy and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recognition of the main factors associated with the development of adverse clinical outcomes in FN is crucial, given that these factors can be used as prognostic markers or therapeutic targets. This study aims to determine the main factors associated with mortality, length of hospital stay, incidence of bacteremia by multidrug-resistant pathogens and incidence of septic shock at the onset of fever in hospitalized patients with FN secondary to cancer cytotoxic chemotherapy. In the present prospective cohort of 305 FN episodes (in 169 cancer patients) conducted at a tertiary hospital from October 2009 to August 2011, the following research questions were evaluated: impact of time to antibiotic administration on 28-day mortality; factors associated with length of hospital stay; impact of microbiological factors of bacteremia on the development of septic shock at the onset of FN; risk factors for bacteremia by multidrug-resistant pathogens; impact of coagulasenegative Staphylococcus bacteremia on 28-day mortality. In 5 distinct publications, the following results were noted: delay of antibiotic administration is associated with higher 28-day mortality rates; hematologic malignancy, high-dose chemotherapy regimens, duration of neutropenia and bacteremia by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are associated with prolonged length of hospital stay; polymicrobial bloodstream infection, bacteremia by Escherichia coli, and bacteremia by viridans sreptococci are associated with septic shock at the onset of FN; advanced age, duration of neutropenia and presence of indwelling central venous catheters are associated with bacteremia by multidrug-resistant pathogens; coagulase-negative Staphylococcus bacteremia is associated with lower 28-day mortality rates compared with bacteremia by other pathogens.
82

Desfechos clínicos em neutropenia febril

Rosa, Regis Goulart January 2015 (has links)
Neutropenia febril (NF) constitui complicação frequente do tratamento quimioterápico do câncer e está associada a altas taxas de morbimortalidade. O reconhecimento dos principais fatores associados ao desenvolvimento de desfechos clínicos desfavoráveis na NF é fundamental, uma vez que estes podem ser utilizados como marcadores prognósticos ou alvos terapêuticos. Este estudo objetiva determinar os principais fatores associados com mortalidade, tempo de hospitalização, incidência de bacteremia por patógenos multirresistentes e incidência de choque séptico no início da febre em pacientes hospitalizados com NF secundária à quimioterapia citotóxica para o câncer. Na presente coorte prospectiva composta por 305 episódios consecutivos de NF (em 169 pacientes com câncer) realizada em um hospital terciário no período de outubro de 2009 a agosto de 2011, as seguintes questões de pesquisa foram avaliadas: impacto do tempo de início da antibioticoterapia na mortalidade em 28 dias; fatores relacionados com tempo de hospitalização; impacto dos fatores microbiológicos da bacteremia no desenvolvimento de choque séptico no início do episódio de NF; fatores de risco para bacteremia por patógenos multirresistentes; impacto da bacteremia por Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo na mortalidade em 28 dias. Em 5 publicações distintas, os seguintes resultados foram notados: o atraso do início da antibioticoterapia está associado a maiores taxas de mortalidade em 28 dias; neoplasia hematológica, regimes quimioterápicos de altas doses, duração da neutropenia e bacteremia por Gram-negativos multirresistentes estão associados com períodos prolongados de internação por NF; infecção de corrente sanguínea polimicrobiana, bacteremia por Escherichia coli e bacteremia por Streptococcus viridans estão associados a choque séptico no início do episódio de NF; idade avançada, duração da neutropenia e presença de cateter venoso central estão associados com bacteremia por patógenos multirresistentes; bacteremia por Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo está associada a menores taxas de mortalidade em 28 dias quando comparado à bacteremia por outros patógenos. / Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common complication of cancer chemotherapy and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recognition of the main factors associated with the development of adverse clinical outcomes in FN is crucial, given that these factors can be used as prognostic markers or therapeutic targets. This study aims to determine the main factors associated with mortality, length of hospital stay, incidence of bacteremia by multidrug-resistant pathogens and incidence of septic shock at the onset of fever in hospitalized patients with FN secondary to cancer cytotoxic chemotherapy. In the present prospective cohort of 305 FN episodes (in 169 cancer patients) conducted at a tertiary hospital from October 2009 to August 2011, the following research questions were evaluated: impact of time to antibiotic administration on 28-day mortality; factors associated with length of hospital stay; impact of microbiological factors of bacteremia on the development of septic shock at the onset of FN; risk factors for bacteremia by multidrug-resistant pathogens; impact of coagulasenegative Staphylococcus bacteremia on 28-day mortality. In 5 distinct publications, the following results were noted: delay of antibiotic administration is associated with higher 28-day mortality rates; hematologic malignancy, high-dose chemotherapy regimens, duration of neutropenia and bacteremia by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are associated with prolonged length of hospital stay; polymicrobial bloodstream infection, bacteremia by Escherichia coli, and bacteremia by viridans sreptococci are associated with septic shock at the onset of FN; advanced age, duration of neutropenia and presence of indwelling central venous catheters are associated with bacteremia by multidrug-resistant pathogens; coagulase-negative Staphylococcus bacteremia is associated with lower 28-day mortality rates compared with bacteremia by other pathogens.
83

Desfechos clínicos em neutropenia febril

Rosa, Regis Goulart January 2015 (has links)
Neutropenia febril (NF) constitui complicação frequente do tratamento quimioterápico do câncer e está associada a altas taxas de morbimortalidade. O reconhecimento dos principais fatores associados ao desenvolvimento de desfechos clínicos desfavoráveis na NF é fundamental, uma vez que estes podem ser utilizados como marcadores prognósticos ou alvos terapêuticos. Este estudo objetiva determinar os principais fatores associados com mortalidade, tempo de hospitalização, incidência de bacteremia por patógenos multirresistentes e incidência de choque séptico no início da febre em pacientes hospitalizados com NF secundária à quimioterapia citotóxica para o câncer. Na presente coorte prospectiva composta por 305 episódios consecutivos de NF (em 169 pacientes com câncer) realizada em um hospital terciário no período de outubro de 2009 a agosto de 2011, as seguintes questões de pesquisa foram avaliadas: impacto do tempo de início da antibioticoterapia na mortalidade em 28 dias; fatores relacionados com tempo de hospitalização; impacto dos fatores microbiológicos da bacteremia no desenvolvimento de choque séptico no início do episódio de NF; fatores de risco para bacteremia por patógenos multirresistentes; impacto da bacteremia por Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo na mortalidade em 28 dias. Em 5 publicações distintas, os seguintes resultados foram notados: o atraso do início da antibioticoterapia está associado a maiores taxas de mortalidade em 28 dias; neoplasia hematológica, regimes quimioterápicos de altas doses, duração da neutropenia e bacteremia por Gram-negativos multirresistentes estão associados com períodos prolongados de internação por NF; infecção de corrente sanguínea polimicrobiana, bacteremia por Escherichia coli e bacteremia por Streptococcus viridans estão associados a choque séptico no início do episódio de NF; idade avançada, duração da neutropenia e presença de cateter venoso central estão associados com bacteremia por patógenos multirresistentes; bacteremia por Staphylococcus coagulase-negativo está associada a menores taxas de mortalidade em 28 dias quando comparado à bacteremia por outros patógenos. / Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common complication of cancer chemotherapy and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recognition of the main factors associated with the development of adverse clinical outcomes in FN is crucial, given that these factors can be used as prognostic markers or therapeutic targets. This study aims to determine the main factors associated with mortality, length of hospital stay, incidence of bacteremia by multidrug-resistant pathogens and incidence of septic shock at the onset of fever in hospitalized patients with FN secondary to cancer cytotoxic chemotherapy. In the present prospective cohort of 305 FN episodes (in 169 cancer patients) conducted at a tertiary hospital from October 2009 to August 2011, the following research questions were evaluated: impact of time to antibiotic administration on 28-day mortality; factors associated with length of hospital stay; impact of microbiological factors of bacteremia on the development of septic shock at the onset of FN; risk factors for bacteremia by multidrug-resistant pathogens; impact of coagulasenegative Staphylococcus bacteremia on 28-day mortality. In 5 distinct publications, the following results were noted: delay of antibiotic administration is associated with higher 28-day mortality rates; hematologic malignancy, high-dose chemotherapy regimens, duration of neutropenia and bacteremia by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are associated with prolonged length of hospital stay; polymicrobial bloodstream infection, bacteremia by Escherichia coli, and bacteremia by viridans sreptococci are associated with septic shock at the onset of FN; advanced age, duration of neutropenia and presence of indwelling central venous catheters are associated with bacteremia by multidrug-resistant pathogens; coagulase-negative Staphylococcus bacteremia is associated with lower 28-day mortality rates compared with bacteremia by other pathogens.
84

The use of aminoglycoside antibiotic therapy in neutropaenic patients with haematological disease / The use of aminoglycoside antibiotic therapy in neutropaenic patients with haematological disease

Zent, Clive Steven, Zent, Clive Steven 10 July 2017 (has links)
The use of aminoglycosides in the treatment of the febrile neutropaenic patient with haematological disease is difficult and often suboptimal. This study reviews the available literature to establish therapeutic guidelines in this population and then reports the use of a Bayesian statistics based predictive model to implement and manage therapy in 10 patients. A review of the literature on aminoglycoside Pharmacology and clinical use is essential to determine therapeutic guidelines for this population. Aminoglycosides are amino sugars in glycosidic linkage and are polycations at physiological PH. The antibiotic effect is mediated through inhibition of protein synthesis and disruption of cell membrane integrity. Principal use is in treatment of Gram negative infection although aminoglycosides have activity against some Gram positive organisms including staphylococci. Aminoglycosides are inactive against anaerobes. Acquired resistance is mediated by bacterial enzymatic drug metabolism. Aminoglycosides are nephro- and ototoxic, this is the major constraint in clinical use.
85

Isoleringsrutiner gällande livsmedelsbegränsningar för patienter på sjukhus där allogena stamcellstransplantationer genomförs

Sjögren, Erik, Haraldsson, Nellie January 2017 (has links)
Bakgrund: Stamcellstransplantation är en behandlingsmetod mot flera olika typer av leukemi. Efter transplantationen blir patienten infektionskänslig. Vid detta tillstånd skyddsisoleras patienten och får en livsmedelsbegränsad kost.Syfte: Sammanställa och jämföra isoleringsrutiner gällande livsmedelsbegränsningar för patienter vid Sveriges hematoloigavdelningar där allogen transplantation sker och jämföra med aktuell forskning bakom livsmedelsbegränsningar.Metod: Tvärsnittsstudie vid jämförelsen av livsmedelsbegränsningarna vid Sveriges hematologiavdelningar samt en litteraturstudie vid undersökningen av aktuell forskning i databaserna Pubmed och Cinahl.Resultat: I tvärsnittsstudien använde alla sjukhusen olika rutiner. Ingen signifikant skillnad gällande infektionsincidensen mellan patienter som hade livsmedelsbegränsningar jämfört med de som inte hade det fanns i litteratursökningen.Slutsats: Livsmedelsbegränsningar minskar troligtvis inte infektionsrisken för infektionskänsliga patienter. Det behövs högkvalitativ forskning för att utforma tydliga riktlinjer kring vilka livsmedelsbegränsningar som bör användas. / Background: Stem cell transplantation is a treatment for patients with leukemia. After the transplantation, the patients are at a higher risk of getting an infection and are therefore kept in protective isolation and get a food restricted diet.Purpose: To compile and compare the differences in food restricted diet for neutropenic patients at the hematology departments in Sweden where stem cell transplantation is performed and compare food restricted diet to current research.Method: A cross-sectional study to compare the food restrictions and a literature study to find out what the current research says using Pubmed and Cinahl.Result: The cross-sectional study showed that all the hospitals used different diets. In the literature review, no significant difference regarding infections rates when comparing patients who ate a food restricted diet with those who did not.Conclusion: Food restrictions are unlikely to reduce the infection rate of neutropenic patients. More high quality research is needed to formulate clear guidelines about what food restricted diet should be used.
86

Prédire l’infection sévère lors des épisodes de neutropénie fébrile post-chimiothérapie de l’enfant : développement d’une règle de décision clinique / Prediction of severe infection in children with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia : development of clinical decision rule

Delebarre, Mathilde 23 September 2016 (has links)
Contexte: Le pronostic des neutropénie fébrile (NF) post-chimiothérapie de l’enfant a été amélioré par une antibiothérapie à large spectre systématique. Cependant des infections sévères ne surviennent que dans 15-25% des cas. Il a été recommandé en 2012 de faire évoluer la prise en charge en tenant compte du risque infectieux en utilisant des règles de décision clinique (RDC). Nous avions montré que les outils publiés pour distinguer ce risque étaient peu performants, non validés ou non applicables sur notre population. Une nouvelle RDC (score) permettant de distinguer les épisodes de NF à bas risque d’infection sévère a été construite. Cette RDC a été validée en interne. Compte tenu des différences mises en évidence dans les populations de tumeurs solides et d’hémopathies, il pourrait être pertinent d’utiliser un arbre de décision clinique pour classer le risque infectieux dont la première division serait le type de cancer et de valider cette nouvelle RDC.L’objectif de ce travail était de calibrer cette RDC sous forme d’arbre et de la valider sur un échantillon multicentrique pour distinguer les enfants avec NF à bas risque d’infection sévère. Méthodes: La première étape a été d’évaluer la méthodologie de développement des RDC déjà publiées pour identifier d’éventuelles limites méthodologiques. Ensuite, nous avons décrit les différences entre les hémopathies ou avec les tumeurs solides. Puis, la nouvelle RDC a été calibrée sous forme d’un arbre de décision à l’aide du logiciel Sipina. Sa performance a été évaluée en termes de sensibilité (Se), spécificité (Sp), et rapport de vraisemblance négatif (RVN).En parallèle, un protocole de validation multicentrique prospectif a été monté, avec pour objectif une Se proche de 100% et un RVN inférieur à 0,1. Il a été validé par le CCTIRS et par la CNIL. Il a été financé par la Ligue Contre le Cancer (72 000 euros). Trente et un centres ont été recrutés. La RDC n’a été appliquée qu’a posteriori ; la prise en charge de cette population n’a donc pas été modifiée. La performance de la RDC entre la population de validation et construction a été analysée en termes de Se, Sp, RVN. L’évaluation des pratiques de prise en charge des NF post-chimiothérapie de l’enfant a été faite en parallèle sous la forme d’une enquête nationale, dans la perspective d’une étude d’impact ultérieure.Résultats: L’étude de la méthodologie des RDC déjà publiées a montré que les critères de développement d’une RDC étaient respectés dans 71% des cas (médiane). Une RDC avait atteint le plus haut niveau d’évidence, mais sa population de construction était différente de la nôtre et cette RDC n’était pas reproductible sur notre population. Il existait 2 à 3 fois plus d’infection sévère chez les patients atteints d’une hémopathie maligne. Deux arbres de décision ont donc été construits pour différencier le risque d’infection sévère. Pour les patients avec une tumeur solide il avait des Se de 96%, Sp de 59% et RVN à 0,07, pour ceux avec une hémopathie maligne, il avait des Se de 99%, Sp de 52% et RVN à 0,03. Les inclusions de la validation multicentrique se sont déroulées de janvier 2012 à mai 2016. 1806 épisodes ont été inclus (333 infections sévères, 18,4%). L’application de la RDC a été faite a posteriori(en cours). L’enquête nationale menée en parallèle sur la prise en charge faite en pratique dans les centres français a montré une grande variabilité de prise en charge notamment dans les définitions de la neutropénie et de la fièvre. Un travail doit être initié avec la Société Française des Cancers de l’Enfant pour uniformiser la prise en charge des NF et déterminer le type d’allègement thérapeutique à proposer en vue de l’étude d’impact, en utilisant cette RDC. Conclusion: Les étapes de construction et de validation de cette nouvelle RDC ont été réalisées en respectant les standards méthodologiques. Une étude d’évaluation de l’impact de la RDC devra être mise en place pour atteindre le plus haut niveau d’évidence. / Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) is known to be a risk for severe infection and death in the absence of prompt and appropriate antibiotic therapy. Immediate hospitalization for rapid institution of empirical broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotic therapy has led to reduce the mortality. However, documented or severe infections occur in only 15-25% of cases. In 2012 paediatric guidelines suggested to adapt the management of FN episodes to the infectious risk. In a previous work, none of the published clinical decision rules (CDRs) to rule out severe infections have been validated and have only rarely been tested in an external set of children. The methodological standards used to derive and validate these CDRs were a real concern. A new CDR was previously derived as a scoring system in Lille to classify the patients at high or low risk of severe infection, with a dataset collected in 2 centers in Lille, in following methodological standards. Differences between solid tumours and blood cancers were observed in children with FN for numbers and types of infections. As a result, we considered relevant to build a decision tree model to predict the low risk for severe infection with a first division that could be the type of cancer. This new decision rule was already validated in an internal set of data, but required an external validation.The aim of this project was to calibrate the CDR as a decision tree and validate its performance a posteriori in an external set of patients, using prospectively collected data from multiple centers.Methods: the methodological standards of available CDRs were first analysed. The new CDR derived on a bicentric dataset was reused to calibrate the CDR as a decision tree, using Sipina software. A prospective multicentric observational protocol funded by 72000€ provided by “la Ligue Contre le Cancer” was developed for an external validation of the CDR to expect near 100% sensitivity (Se) and a negative likelihood ratio (LR) below 0.1. The ethical regulation was followed. Thirty-one centers were recruited in France (27/30 referent centers for management of children with cancer, and 4 proximity centers fit to manage children with FN). The CDR was not applied to the included patients, and remained confidential. The data were collected on an e-CRF “capture system”. The data were captured by an assistant of clinical research and controlled by a physician researcher after the monitoring of the data in all centers. The CDR was a posteriori applied on the dataset. The performance of the CDR between validation and derivation sets of patients was analysed in terms of Se, specificity (Sp) and negative LR.Results: the methodological standards of development of a CDR were not always followed for the development of the published CDR predicting infection for FN in children. Only one CDR followed all criteria and reached the highest level of evidence, but this CDR was built in a very different population from our and was not reproducible. A decision tree model of the CDR was built to distinguish children with FN at low risk of severe infection. For children with solid tumours, the CDR had 96% Se, 59% Sp, and a negative LR at 0.07. For children with blood cancers, the CDR had 99% Se, 52% Sp, and a negative LR at 0.03.For external validation, inclusions started in 2012 until May 2016. Of the 31 centers, 23 included 1806 cases (333 severe infections [18.4%]). The retrospective application of the CDR on all included case in ongoing. A national survey was also conducted as the same time to analyse the real management of children with FN in France in order to determine the type of management that could be proposed for low risk patients when the CDR will be tested in an impact study.Conclusion: the different steps for the construction and validation of the new CDR were conducted following standards. This CDR is in progress to reach the highest level of evidence.
87

Avaliação do risco de complicações decorrentes de neutropenia febril em pacientes tratados no Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo / Evaluation of the risk factors for severe complications during febrile neutropenic episodes in patients treated at Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo

Martins, Renata Eiras 07 August 2014 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: Neutropenia febril (NF) é frequente complicação quimioterapia para tumores sólidos e é de suma importância a identificação dos pacientes de alto risco para o seu desenvolvimento. OBJETIVOS: Caracterização clínica, laboratorial e dos fatores de risco para NF em pacientes admitidos para antibioticoterapia. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de todos os pacientes consecutivamente internados com NF no ICESP (Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo) entre maio de 2008 e maio de 2012. Critérios de inclusão: idade >= 16 anos, diagnóstico de NF (temperatura axilar >= 37,8ºC e neutrófilos < 500/mm3 ou entre 500-1000/mm³ com tendência à queda) em pacientes portadores de tumor sólido. Dados clínico-laboratoriais e de evolução foram coletados; realizada análise univariada e multivariada a fim de investigar a relação entre os fatores de risco e o desenvolvimento de complicações. RESULTADOS: 333 episódios de NF em 295 pacientes com tumores sólidos foram avaliados. Idade mediana de 57 anos (16-88), 150 do sexo feminino (51%). Os sítios primários das neoplasias mais frequentes foram mama (15%), pulmão (14%), sarcomas (13%), colorretal (10%), estômago (9%), cabeça e pescoço (8%) e testículo (5%). 31 pacientes (10%) apresentaram mais de um episódio de NF. À admissão, a mediana de contagem de neutrófilos foi 690/mm3, e a mediana de MASCC atribuído 19 (7-26). Sítios de infecção mais comumente identificados foram pulmão (19%), trato urinário (15%), corrente sanguínea (13%), abdominal (10%) e partes moles (8%); quanto à etiologia, bacilos Gram-negativos isolados em 36 (11%) episódios e cocos Gram-positivos em 15 (9%). Mediana de internação de 10 dias (0-106 dias). Alguma complicação grave foi identificada em 248 (74%) episódios, sendo que hipotensão (47%), admissão em UTI (35%), insuficiência renal (30%), insuficiência respiratória (19%) e alteração do estado mental (17%) as mais comuns (> 10%). A mortalidade foi 14% (46 pacientes). A análise univariada revelou como fatores de risco para complicações idade >= 60 anos (OR 3.1, 95%CI 1.75-5.47, p 0.0001), controle sistêmico da neoplasia (OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.31-0.85, p 0.01), DPOC (OR 4.45, CI95% 1.71 - 11.54, p 0.0016), presença de sintomas ao diagnóstico (OR 2.16, CI95% 1.26-3.69, p 0.0063), desidratação (OR 4.63, CI95% 2.57-8.31, p<0.0001) e regular ou mau estado geral (OR 3.31, CI95% 1.93-5.68, p<0.0001). Na análise multivariada, permaneceram como fatores de risco a desidratação (OR 3.7, CI95% 2.09-6.78, p 0.000009), DPOC (OR 3.7, CI 95% 1.27-11.04, p 0.0166) e idade >= 60 anos (OR 2.5, CI95% 1.37-4.58, p 0.0029). O modelo multivariado corretamente classificou os episódios como de alto risco em 75% dos eventos. Elaboramos um novo escore de risco baseado nos valores de OR, onde pacientes desidratados receberam quatro pontos, aqueles com DPOC três pontos e aqueles com idade >= 60 anos, dois pontos. O escore final corresponde à soma das parcelas acima. Consideramos os pacientes como de alto risco com escore > 5 pontos (sensibilidade 72%, especificidade 64%). CONCLUSÕES: Complicações clínicas graves são comuns durante os episódios de NF, em pacientes com tumores sólidos. DPOC, idade >= 60 anos e desidratação representam fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de complicações. Um novo escore de fácil execução foi proposto, o qual deverá ser validado prospectivamente / BACKGROUND: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a frequent complication during chemotherapy in solid tumors, and to identify those patients (pts) with higher risk of developing complications during FN episodes is important. Here we aimed to characterize those risk factors for severe complications during FN episodes in pts with solid tumors, admitted for intravenous antibiotics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It is a retrospective study of all consecutive pts admitted with FN at ICESP (Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo) between May/2008 and May/2012. Eligibility criteria included: age >= 16y, the diagnosis of FN (documented axillary temperature greater than 37.8°C, and neutrophil count < 500/mm3 or expected to fall below 500/mm3) as an adverse event of chemotherapy for a solid tumor. Potentially life-threatening complications during FN episodes were collected and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between risk factors and these complications. RESULTS: 333 FN episodes in 295 pts with solid tumors were studied. Median age was 57 y (16-88), 150 female (51%). Most frequent primary sites included: breast (15%), lung (14%), bone/soft tissues (13%), colorectal (10%), stomach (9%), head & neck (8%) and testis (5%). 31 pts (10%) presented more than 1 FN episode. At admission, median neutrophil count was 690/mm3, and the median MASCC score was 19 (7-26). Infection sites were identified as pulmonary (19%), urinary tract (15%), bloodstream (13%), abdominal (10%) and soft tissues (8%), and regarding etiology, Gram-negative bacilli could be isolated in 36 (11%) and Gram-positive cocci in 15 FN episodes (9%). All pts were admitted with a median duration of hospital stay of 10 d (0-106 d). Overall, a severe complication as a consequence of FN was detected in 248 episodes (74%), being hypotension (47%), ICU admission (35%), renal failure (30%), respiratory failure (19%) and altered mental state (17%) the most common (> 10%), and 46 pts died (14%). A univariate analysis revealed age >= 60y (OR 3.1, 95%CI 1.75-5.47, p 0.0001), controlled cancer (OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.31-0.85, p 0.01), previous COPD (OR 4.45, CI95% 1.71 - 11.54, p 0.0016), presence of symptoms (OR 2.16, CI95% 1.26-3.69, p 0.0063) or dehydration (OR 4.63, CI95% 2.57-8.31, p < 0.0001) and regular or bad general condition (OR 3.31, CI95% 1.93-5.68, p < 0.0001) as risk factors for complications. On multivariate analysis, only dehydration (OR 3.7, CI95% 2.09-6.78, p 0.000009), previous COPD (OR 3.7, CI 95% 1.27-11.04, p 0.0166) and age >= 60y (OR 2.5, CI95% 1.37-4.58, p 0.0029) were associated with severe complications. The multivariate model correctly classified 75% of all FN episodes as complicated. We elaborated a new risk score based on the OR, where dehydrated pts scored 4 points, those with COPD 3 points and those with age >= 60y 2 points. The final score was calculated by the sum of all above. We have considered as high risk pts those who scored > 5 points (sensitivity 72%, specificity 64%). CONCLUSIONS: Severe complications were common during febrile neutropenic episodes in pts with solid tumors. COPD, age >= 60 y and dehydration represent clinically significant risk factors for severe complications in FN pts. A new score was proposed, though it should be prospectively validated
88

Comparação entre os biomarcadores inflamatórios procalcitonina (PCT), interleucina-6 (IL-6) e proteína-C reativa (PCR) para diagnóstico infeccioso e evolução de febre em pacientes neutropênicos submetidos a transplante de células tron / Comparison between inflammatory biomarkers procaltinonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for infection diagnosis and fever evolution in neutropenic patients, submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)

Massaro, Karin Schmidt Rodrigues 25 June 2013 (has links)
Introdução: No presente estudo foram avaliados biomarcadores na ocorrência de febre em pacientes neutropênicos após transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH). Objetivo: O objetivo principal foi avaliar os valores séricos de biomarcadores: proteína C reativa (PCR), procalcitonina (PCT) e IL-6 (interleucina-6) que possam identificar precocemente infecção em TCTH. Outro objetivo foi fatores de risco para óbito nessa população. Métodos: Os biomarcadores foram avaliados em um estudo prospectivo que incluiu 296 pacientes neutropênicos, submetidos a TCTH autólogo ou alogênico. Os biomarcadores PCT, PCR e IL-6 foram dosados nos seguintes momentos:dia da neutropenia constatada sem febre, evento febril ou hipotermia (T < 35ºC), 24 h após a febre ou hipotermia, 72 horas após a febre ou hipotermia e febre prolongada ou seja 48 horas após a coleta no momento anterior ou na persistência da febre, cinco dias após a coleta no momento anterior. Os dados clínicos e laboratoriais, foram avaliados até a evolução para alta ou o óbito, em uma planilha Excel® 2003 e foram processados pelos programas SPSS e STATA. Os pacientes foram classificados nos seguintes grupos (I- afebril; II- febre de origem indeterminada FOI e III- febre clinica ou microbiologicamente comprovada) em relação a cada marcador estudado (PCT, PCR e IL-6). Foram feitos cálculos para estabelecer área sob a curva ROC, sensibilidade, especificidade, para avaliação da febre e óbito. Para avaliar o desfecho óbito foi realizada análise multivariada com regressão logística stepwise. Resultados: Dos 296 pacientes, 190 apresentaram febre. Duzentos e dezesseis (73%) foram submetidos a transplantes autólogos e 80 (27,0%) alogênicos. Dos 80 casos de TCTH alogênicos 74 (92,6%) eram aparentados e apenas 6 (7,4%) aparentados. Dos 80 casos alogênicos 69 (86,3%) eram fullmatch e 11(13,7%) mismatch. Em relação aos grupos já citados acima, temos a seguinte distribuição: grupo I: 106 pacientes (35,8%); grupo II: 112 pacientes (37,8%) e grupo III: 78 (26,4%). Os valores de média e mediana da IL-6 no momento afebril no grupo I em relação ao grupo II (p = 0,013), apresentando valor significativamente maiores. Os níveis da PCR no grupo I diferiram de forma significativa dos encontrados no grupo III (p < 0,05). Os grupos diferiram em relação aos níveis de IL-6 e de PCR no momento febril. O grupo II apresentou concentrações de IL-6 e de PCR significativamente menores que o grupo III. Os melhores valores de corte de PCT para os momentos de coleta: febre, 24 horas após a febre, 72 horas de febre, e febre prolongada foram respectivamente: 0,32; 0,47; 0,46 e 0,35?g/L. No momento da febre a sensibilidade foi 52,3 e a especificidade 52,6 para o diagnóstico de infecção. Os melhores valores de corte de PCR para os momentos de febre, 24 horas após, 72 horas após e febre prolongada foram, respectivamente: 79, 120, 108 e 72 mg/L. No momento da febre a sensibilidade foi 55,4 e especificidade foi 55,1. Os melhores valores de corte de IL-6 para os momentos de febre, 24 h após, 72 horas após a febre e febre prolongada foram respectivamente: 34, 32, 16 e 9 pg/mL. A sensibilidade e especificidade no momento da febre foram respectivamente: 59,8 e 59,7. Na análise dos três biomarcadores no grupo de pacientes autólogos, verifica-se que só a IL-6 apresenta valores significativos nos momentos iniciais (afebril, febre e 24 horas após a febre). Os seguintes fatores de risco independentes foram identificados na análise multivariada: doador aparentado, doador não aparentado, infecção por Gram-negativo, DHL >= 390 (UI/L), ureia >= 25 (mg/dL) e PCR >= 120 (mg/L). Conclusões: IL-6 e PCR têm associação com diagnóstico precoce de infecção clinica ou microbiologicamente confirmada em neutropenia febril após TCTH. A associação dos três marcadores não apresentou nenhuma vantagem, e não melhorou a acurácia diagnóstica. A IL-6 foi o único biomarcador significativamente associado de forma precoce com infecção quando avaliado apenas pacientes submetidos a TCTH autólogos As variáveis independentes associadas com óbito foram: transplante alogênico, infecção por Gram-negativos, DHL >= 390UI/L no momento da febre e ureia >= 25 mg/dL no momento da febre e PCR >= 120 (mg/L) / Introduction: In the present study, biomarkers were assessed in the occurrence of fever in neutropenic patients upon hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Objective: The main objective was to assess the serum values of biomarkers: C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) which can early identify infection in HSCT. Another objective was risk factors for death in that population. Methods: The biomarkers were assessed in a prospective study which comprised 296 neutropenic patients submitted to autologous or allogeneic HSCT. The biomarkers PCT, CRP and IL-6 were dosed at the following moments: day of afebrile neutropenia, febrile event or hypothermia (T < 35ºC), 24 h upon fever or hypothermia, 72 hours upon fever or hypothermia and long-standing fever, that is, 48 hours upon the last sampling or at fever persistence, five days upon the last sampling. The clinical and laboratory data were assessed up to the evolution to discharge or death, in an Excel® 2003 spreadsheet and were processed by the SPSS and STATA software. Patients were classified in the following groups (I- afebrile; II- fever of unknown origin FUO and III- clinically or microbiologically proven fever) in regard to each biomarker studied (PCT, CRP and IL-6). Calculations were made to establish the area under the ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity, for the assessment of the evolution and death. In order to assess the death outcome, a multivariate analysis with stepwise logistic regression was conducted. Results: Out of the 296 patients, 190 had fever. Two hundred and sixteen (73%) were submitted to autologous transplantations and 80 (27.0%) to allogeneic ones. Out of the 80 cases of allogeneic HSCT, 74 (92.6%) were related and only 6 (7.4%) were unrelated. Out of the 80 allogeneic cases, 69 (86.3%) were fullmatch and 11(13.7%) were mismatch. In regard to the groups mentioned above, we have the following distribution: group I: 106 patients (35.8%); group II: 112 patients (37.8%) and group III: 78 patients (26.4%). The mean and median values of IL-6 at fever onset in group I in regard to group II (p = 0.013), presenting significantly higher values. The levels of CRP in group I differed significantly from those found in group III (p < 0.05). The groups differed in regard to the levels of IL-6 and CRP at fever onset. Group II presented IL-6 and CRP concentrations significantly lower than group III. The best cut-off values of PCT for sampling: fever onset, 24 hours upon fever, 72 hours of fever, and long-standing fever were, respectively: 0.32; 0.47; 0.46 and 0.35?g/L. At fever onset, sensitivity was 52.3 and specificity 52.6 for infection diagnosis. The best cut-off values of CRP for fever onset, 24 hours upon fever, 72 hours upon fever and long-standing fever were, respectively: 79, 120, 108 and 72 mg/L. At fever onset, sensitivity was 55.4 and specificity was 55.1. The best cut-off values of IL-6 for fever onset, 24 hours upon fever, 72 hours upon fever and long-standing fever were, respectively: 34, 32, 16 and 9 pg/mL. At fever onset, sensitivity and specificity were, respectively: 59.8 and 59.7. In the analysis of the three biomarkers in the group of autologous patients, it is observed that only IL-6 presents significant values at initial moments (afebrile, fever and 24 hours upon fever). The following independent risk factors were identified in the multivariate analysis: related donor, unrelated donor, Gram-negative infection, DHL >= 390 (UI/L), urea >= 25 (mg/dL) and CRP>=120 (mg/L). Conclusions: IL-6 and CRP are associated to the early diagnosis of clinically or microbiologically confirmed infection in post-HSCT febrile neutropenia. The association of the three biomarkers did not present any advantage, nor did it improve diagnostic accuracy. IL-6 was the only biomarker significantly associated at an early stage with infection when assessed only in patients submitted to autologous HSCT. The independent variables associated with death were: allogeneic transplantation, Gram-negative infection, DHL >= 390UI/L at fever onset and urea >= 25 mg/dL at fever onset and PCR >= 120 (mg/L)
89

Descri??o do perfil epidemiol?gico e dos desfechos de pacientes com suspeita de neutropenia febril secund?ria ao tratamento oncol?gico em setor de emerg?ncia de um hospital terci?rio

Gelatti, Ana Caroline Zimmer 31 August 2017 (has links)
Submitted by PPG Medicina e Ci?ncias da Sa?de (medicina-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-07-10T18:25:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA_CAROLINE_ZIMMER_GELATTI.pdf: 1750167 bytes, checksum: 02c99a9c64d394787d90c14d2caa6312 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-07-13T17:58:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA_CAROLINE_ZIMMER_GELATTI.pdf: 1750167 bytes, checksum: 02c99a9c64d394787d90c14d2caa6312 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-13T19:08:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA_CAROLINE_ZIMMER_GELATTI.pdf: 1750167 bytes, checksum: 02c99a9c64d394787d90c14d2caa6312 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Background: Cancer is one of the three leading causes of death in Brazil, and one of the most prevalent diseases in our country. Febrile neutropenia is a febrile syndrome associated with a reduction in neutrophil count and a frequent complication of systemic cancer treatment. Febrile neutropenia may affect up to 40% of cancer patients. Considering the large number of patients stricken by febrile neutropenia, and the risk that inadequate management imposes on patients' lives, standardization of care and the early identification of a high-risk population is key to improving clinical outcomes. Guidelines for treatment of febrile neutropenia universally recommend immediate start of antibiotic therapy (<60 minutes). Objective and Methods: The goal of this retrospective study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile and clinical outcomes of patients treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy who met criteria for febrile neutropenia and required a visit to the emergency department of a tertiary hospital. Results: A total of 212 patients with cancer presented with fever and required an emergency room evaluation between September 2014 and August 2016. Of these, 68 met criteria for febrile neutropenia. Hematologic neoplasms were associated with an increased risk of neutropenia [OR = 3,41 (95%, CI: 1,52-7,65) p = 0,003] when compared to solid tumors. Seven (10.3%) patients with neutropenia were treated on an outpatient setting and 61 (89,7%) were admitted. The median time to onset of the antibiotic was 140 minutes. Of the patients admitted to the hospital, 47 (77,0%) were discharged from hospital and 14 (23,0%) died. The median of the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) score was statistically higher in the group that was discharged when compared to the group that died (23,5 versus 14,5 points), with an OR=0,69 [(95%, CI: 0,51-0,94) p = 0,017]. Conclusion: This analysis corroborates previously published data supporting that febrile neutropenia is a potential morbidity and mortality factor in cancer patients. Strategies that aim to qualify the care of patients at higher risk in the emergency room is essential to reduce mortality rates. / Introdu??o: O c?ncer ? uma das tr?s principais causas de morte no Brasil, destacando-se como uma das doen?as mais prevalentes em nosso meio. A neutropenia febril ? uma s?ndrome febril associada a redu??o na contagem do n?mero de neutr?filos, sendo uma complica??o frequente do tratamento oncol?gico sist?mico, com taxas de preval?ncia que podem atingir at? 40%. Tendo em vista o grande n?mero de pacientes oncol?gicos acometidos pela neutropenia febril, e o risco que o seu manejo inadequado imp?e ? vida dos doentes, a padroniza??o da assist?ncia e a identifica??o precoce de uma popula??o de alto risco ? fundamental para melhorarmos os desfechos cl?nicos. As diretrizes de tratamento da neutropenia febril universalmente recomendam o in?cio imediato de antibioticoterapia (<60 minutos). Objetivo e M?todos: O objetivo do presente estudo ? avaliar, de forma retrospectiva, o perfil epidemiol?gico e os poss?veis desfechos cl?nicos de pacientes com neutropenia febril tratados com quimioterapia ou radioterapia que procuraram a emerg?ncia de um hospital terci?rio. Resultados: Um total de 212 pacientes oncol?gicos foram avaliados por febre entre Setembro de 2014 e Agosto de 2016. Destes, 68 apresentavam neutropenia febril. Neoplasias hematol?gicas foram associadas a um maior risco de neutropenia [OR = 3,41 (IC 95%: 1,52-7,65) p = 0,003], quando comparados com tumores s?lidos. Sete (10,3%) pacientes com neutropenia foram tratados a n?vel ambulatorial e 61 (89,7%) a n?vel de interna??o hospitalar. A mediana de tempo para in?cio do antibi?tico foi de 140 minutos. Dos pacientes tratados a n?vel de interna??o, 47 (77,0%) receberam alta hospitalar e 14 (23,0%) evolu?ram para ?bito. A mediana do escore ?Multinational Association for Suportive Care in Cancer? (MASCC) foi estatisticamente superior no grupo que recebeu alta hospitalar quando comparado com o grupo que evolui para ?bito (23,5 versus 14,5 pontos), com OR=0,69 (IC 95% 0,51 - 0,94) e p=0,017. Conclus?o: Esta an?lise corrobora dados previamente publicados, refor?ando que a neutropenia febril ? potencial fator de morbimortalidade em pacientes oncol?gicos. Estrat?gias que possam qualificar o atendimento de pacientes de maior risco nos setores de emerg?ncia ? fundamental para reduzir as taxas de mortalidade.
90

Comparação entre os biomarcadores inflamatórios procalcitonina (PCT), interleucina-6 (IL-6) e proteína-C reativa (PCR) para diagnóstico infeccioso e evolução de febre em pacientes neutropênicos submetidos a transplante de células tron / Comparison between inflammatory biomarkers procaltinonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for infection diagnosis and fever evolution in neutropenic patients, submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)

Karin Schmidt Rodrigues Massaro 25 June 2013 (has links)
Introdução: No presente estudo foram avaliados biomarcadores na ocorrência de febre em pacientes neutropênicos após transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH). Objetivo: O objetivo principal foi avaliar os valores séricos de biomarcadores: proteína C reativa (PCR), procalcitonina (PCT) e IL-6 (interleucina-6) que possam identificar precocemente infecção em TCTH. Outro objetivo foi fatores de risco para óbito nessa população. Métodos: Os biomarcadores foram avaliados em um estudo prospectivo que incluiu 296 pacientes neutropênicos, submetidos a TCTH autólogo ou alogênico. Os biomarcadores PCT, PCR e IL-6 foram dosados nos seguintes momentos:dia da neutropenia constatada sem febre, evento febril ou hipotermia (T < 35ºC), 24 h após a febre ou hipotermia, 72 horas após a febre ou hipotermia e febre prolongada ou seja 48 horas após a coleta no momento anterior ou na persistência da febre, cinco dias após a coleta no momento anterior. Os dados clínicos e laboratoriais, foram avaliados até a evolução para alta ou o óbito, em uma planilha Excel® 2003 e foram processados pelos programas SPSS e STATA. Os pacientes foram classificados nos seguintes grupos (I- afebril; II- febre de origem indeterminada FOI e III- febre clinica ou microbiologicamente comprovada) em relação a cada marcador estudado (PCT, PCR e IL-6). Foram feitos cálculos para estabelecer área sob a curva ROC, sensibilidade, especificidade, para avaliação da febre e óbito. Para avaliar o desfecho óbito foi realizada análise multivariada com regressão logística stepwise. Resultados: Dos 296 pacientes, 190 apresentaram febre. Duzentos e dezesseis (73%) foram submetidos a transplantes autólogos e 80 (27,0%) alogênicos. Dos 80 casos de TCTH alogênicos 74 (92,6%) eram aparentados e apenas 6 (7,4%) aparentados. Dos 80 casos alogênicos 69 (86,3%) eram fullmatch e 11(13,7%) mismatch. Em relação aos grupos já citados acima, temos a seguinte distribuição: grupo I: 106 pacientes (35,8%); grupo II: 112 pacientes (37,8%) e grupo III: 78 (26,4%). Os valores de média e mediana da IL-6 no momento afebril no grupo I em relação ao grupo II (p = 0,013), apresentando valor significativamente maiores. Os níveis da PCR no grupo I diferiram de forma significativa dos encontrados no grupo III (p < 0,05). Os grupos diferiram em relação aos níveis de IL-6 e de PCR no momento febril. O grupo II apresentou concentrações de IL-6 e de PCR significativamente menores que o grupo III. Os melhores valores de corte de PCT para os momentos de coleta: febre, 24 horas após a febre, 72 horas de febre, e febre prolongada foram respectivamente: 0,32; 0,47; 0,46 e 0,35?g/L. No momento da febre a sensibilidade foi 52,3 e a especificidade 52,6 para o diagnóstico de infecção. Os melhores valores de corte de PCR para os momentos de febre, 24 horas após, 72 horas após e febre prolongada foram, respectivamente: 79, 120, 108 e 72 mg/L. No momento da febre a sensibilidade foi 55,4 e especificidade foi 55,1. Os melhores valores de corte de IL-6 para os momentos de febre, 24 h após, 72 horas após a febre e febre prolongada foram respectivamente: 34, 32, 16 e 9 pg/mL. A sensibilidade e especificidade no momento da febre foram respectivamente: 59,8 e 59,7. Na análise dos três biomarcadores no grupo de pacientes autólogos, verifica-se que só a IL-6 apresenta valores significativos nos momentos iniciais (afebril, febre e 24 horas após a febre). Os seguintes fatores de risco independentes foram identificados na análise multivariada: doador aparentado, doador não aparentado, infecção por Gram-negativo, DHL >= 390 (UI/L), ureia >= 25 (mg/dL) e PCR >= 120 (mg/L). Conclusões: IL-6 e PCR têm associação com diagnóstico precoce de infecção clinica ou microbiologicamente confirmada em neutropenia febril após TCTH. A associação dos três marcadores não apresentou nenhuma vantagem, e não melhorou a acurácia diagnóstica. A IL-6 foi o único biomarcador significativamente associado de forma precoce com infecção quando avaliado apenas pacientes submetidos a TCTH autólogos As variáveis independentes associadas com óbito foram: transplante alogênico, infecção por Gram-negativos, DHL >= 390UI/L no momento da febre e ureia >= 25 mg/dL no momento da febre e PCR >= 120 (mg/L) / Introduction: In the present study, biomarkers were assessed in the occurrence of fever in neutropenic patients upon hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Objective: The main objective was to assess the serum values of biomarkers: C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) which can early identify infection in HSCT. Another objective was risk factors for death in that population. Methods: The biomarkers were assessed in a prospective study which comprised 296 neutropenic patients submitted to autologous or allogeneic HSCT. The biomarkers PCT, CRP and IL-6 were dosed at the following moments: day of afebrile neutropenia, febrile event or hypothermia (T < 35ºC), 24 h upon fever or hypothermia, 72 hours upon fever or hypothermia and long-standing fever, that is, 48 hours upon the last sampling or at fever persistence, five days upon the last sampling. The clinical and laboratory data were assessed up to the evolution to discharge or death, in an Excel® 2003 spreadsheet and were processed by the SPSS and STATA software. Patients were classified in the following groups (I- afebrile; II- fever of unknown origin FUO and III- clinically or microbiologically proven fever) in regard to each biomarker studied (PCT, CRP and IL-6). Calculations were made to establish the area under the ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity, for the assessment of the evolution and death. In order to assess the death outcome, a multivariate analysis with stepwise logistic regression was conducted. Results: Out of the 296 patients, 190 had fever. Two hundred and sixteen (73%) were submitted to autologous transplantations and 80 (27.0%) to allogeneic ones. Out of the 80 cases of allogeneic HSCT, 74 (92.6%) were related and only 6 (7.4%) were unrelated. Out of the 80 allogeneic cases, 69 (86.3%) were fullmatch and 11(13.7%) were mismatch. In regard to the groups mentioned above, we have the following distribution: group I: 106 patients (35.8%); group II: 112 patients (37.8%) and group III: 78 patients (26.4%). The mean and median values of IL-6 at fever onset in group I in regard to group II (p = 0.013), presenting significantly higher values. The levels of CRP in group I differed significantly from those found in group III (p < 0.05). The groups differed in regard to the levels of IL-6 and CRP at fever onset. Group II presented IL-6 and CRP concentrations significantly lower than group III. The best cut-off values of PCT for sampling: fever onset, 24 hours upon fever, 72 hours of fever, and long-standing fever were, respectively: 0.32; 0.47; 0.46 and 0.35?g/L. At fever onset, sensitivity was 52.3 and specificity 52.6 for infection diagnosis. The best cut-off values of CRP for fever onset, 24 hours upon fever, 72 hours upon fever and long-standing fever were, respectively: 79, 120, 108 and 72 mg/L. At fever onset, sensitivity was 55.4 and specificity was 55.1. The best cut-off values of IL-6 for fever onset, 24 hours upon fever, 72 hours upon fever and long-standing fever were, respectively: 34, 32, 16 and 9 pg/mL. At fever onset, sensitivity and specificity were, respectively: 59.8 and 59.7. In the analysis of the three biomarkers in the group of autologous patients, it is observed that only IL-6 presents significant values at initial moments (afebrile, fever and 24 hours upon fever). The following independent risk factors were identified in the multivariate analysis: related donor, unrelated donor, Gram-negative infection, DHL >= 390 (UI/L), urea >= 25 (mg/dL) and CRP>=120 (mg/L). Conclusions: IL-6 and CRP are associated to the early diagnosis of clinically or microbiologically confirmed infection in post-HSCT febrile neutropenia. The association of the three biomarkers did not present any advantage, nor did it improve diagnostic accuracy. IL-6 was the only biomarker significantly associated at an early stage with infection when assessed only in patients submitted to autologous HSCT. The independent variables associated with death were: allogeneic transplantation, Gram-negative infection, DHL >= 390UI/L at fever onset and urea >= 25 mg/dL at fever onset and PCR >= 120 (mg/L)

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